Search

To explore the characteristics of acute exacerbations of myasthenia gravis after fluoroquinolone exposure.Gender, age, prior type, absolute score, concurrent disease, precipitated disease, use of antibiotic, onset/symptom/degree of exacerbation, therapeutic measures and prognosis at Month 1 were retrospectively analyzed for 9 patients after fluoroquinolone systemic exposure.Ciprofloxacin (n = 4), levofloxacin (n = 1) and moxifloxacin (n = 4) exposure resulted in myasthenia gravis exacerbation. Myasthenia gravis exacerbations developed at 15 minutes to 4 days post-exposure. And the clinical scores of quantitative myasthenia gravis (QMG) increased by an average of 10. The main syndromes included dyspnea, diplopia, ptosis and dysphagia. All patients improved upon the withdrawal of fluoroquinolone in conjunctions with other interventions.Fluoroquinolone exposure may result in myasthenia gravis exacerbations in patients with underlying diseases. Healthcare professionals should be aware of this serious drug-disease association.

To explore the associations between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Tru9I polymorphism and myasthenia gravis (MG).A total of 302 MG patients, diagnosed and treated at Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University and Beijing Friendship Hospital from December 2006 to July 2010, were recruited. And 283 normal subjects were selected as the controls. Tru9I polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The frequencies of genotypes and alleles were compared among different MG subgroups and control group. The relationship between the genotype and susceptibility or severity of MG and immediate efficacies of glucocorticoid were explored. The SPSS17.0 was applied to statistical analysis.In the MG patients whose age of onset was above 15 years, the frequency of TT and tt genotypes in females was lower than that of the control group. However the frequency of Tt genotype was higher than that of the control group. And there were significant differences (χ(2) = 8.847, P = 0.012). The frequency of Tt + tt genotype in females (58/139, 41.7%) was higher than that of the control group (56/189, 29.6%). And there were also significant differences (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.07 - 3.41, χ(2) = 5.169, P = 0.023). Although the frequency of t alleles in females (61/278, 21.9%) was higher than that of the control group (65/378, 17.2%), no significant differences existed (P0.05). There were no differences in frequencies of genotypes and alleles between the patients with varying severity and different immediate efficacies of glucocorticoid (P0.05).VDR gene Tru9I polymorphism may be related to the risk of MG in females aged above 15 years.

To investigate the association of two glucocorticoid receptor (GR) polymorphisms (BclI, ER22/23EK) with Myasthenia Gravis (MG).The genotypes of GR in 61 MG patients (MGG) and 57 age and gender-matched healthy controls (HCG) were determined by polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequence determination.The frequencies of three genotypes (GG, CG, CC) in BclIwere 3.3%, 34.4%, 62.3% in MGG and 3.5%, 38.6%, 57.9%in HCG respectively. The difference in the distribution of genotypes between MGG and HCG was statistically insignificant (P = 0.887). The frequencies of G and C allele were 20.5% vs 79.5 %in MGG, and 22.8% vs 77.2% in HCG. The difference in the distribution of alleles between MGG and HCG was statistically insignificant (P = 0.968). The genotype frequencies in two groups were both in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P0.05). The genotypes of ER22/23EK in MGG and HCG were all GG and no mutation was detected.BclI and ER22/23EK polymorphisms of GR have no definite relationship with the risk of MG.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial disorder involving a number of genetic and environmental factors. Cystatin C (CST3), which belongs to the type II cystatin gene family, is a potent inhibitor of lysosomal proteinases. Immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated the colocalization of the b-amyloid (A-beta) and cystatin C peptides within arteriolar walls in the AD brain. The G73A polymorphism of the CST3 genemay be associated with AD development. To investigate a possible association between the CST3 G73A polymorphism and late-onset AD (LOAD) in Mainland Chinese, we examined 281 LOAD patients and 376 healthy controls. All subjects were genotyped for CST3 and apolipoprotein E (APOE). There were no significant differences in the CST3 genotype or allele frequencies between the cases and the controls. Likewise, with the stratification of the APOE epsilon4 status, no statistical difference was observed between the cases and the controls. Our findings suggest that this polymorphism may not represent an additional genetic risk factor for LOAD in Mainland Chinese.

To evaluate the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) alpha and GRbeta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients of myasthenia gravis (MG). To investigate the relationship between the expression level of GR and glucocorticoid (GC) therapeutic effects to MG patients.The clinical score was recorded and used to assessing the therapeutic effects. Then the expression level of GRalpha and GRbeta in PBMC by immunocytochemistry was measured. We analysed the relationship of the therapeutic effects with expression level of GR.The scores of GRalpha positive PBMC score were same in healthy-control group, GC sensitive group, and GC dependent group. But GRalpha positive PBMC score in GC resistance group was decreased compared with the others (P0.01). The scores of GRbeta positive PBMC score were same in healthy-control group, GC sensitive group, and GC resistant group. But GRbeta positive PBMC score in GC dependent group was increased compared with the others (P0.01).The expression of GRalpha in GC resistant group are decreased, and the expression of GRbeta in GC dependence group is increased. The expression level of GRalpha or GRbeta is associated with the effect of GC in treatment of MG.

To investigate the relationship between the HLA-DQB1 allele polymorphisms and the clinical features of 15 familial myasthenia gravis (MG) cases in north China.By polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP), the HLA-DQB1 gene polymorphisms were determined in 64 MG patients (15 familial and 49 sporadic) and 52 healthy individuals as control group. The clinical characteristics of 15 familial MG patients and 49 sporadic were analyzed. The measurement data was analyzed by t test and enumeration data by chi-square test.The frequency of DQB1*0501 was significantly increased in familial MG, especially in the ocular type, compared with sporadic MG (P0.05, OR=3.08) and healthy controls (P0.01, OR=4.439). Comparing with healthy controls, the frequency of DQB1*0301/4 was increased (P0.05, OR=2.56), while the frequency of DQB1*0601 was significantly decreased (P0.05, OR=0.33) in sporadic MG. The familial patients had an early age of disease onset, but less severity and good prognosis.The familial MG has distinctive clinical features. DQB1*0501 allele is positively related to the genetic susceptibility to familial MG patients in north China, especially to the ocular type. DQB1*0301/4 allele is positively related to the pathogenesis of sporadic MG. DQB1*0601 may be a protecting allele for sporadic MG. The phenotype of MG may be the result of interaction of hereditary defects and environmental factors. The familial MG may be different from sporadic patients in genetic immune mechanism.