Search

A palladium-catalyzed intermolecular cross-coupling of unreactive C(sp3)–H bonds and azole C(sp2)–H bonds with bromide as a traceless directing group is described.

Gut microbiota is a complex microecosystem, which is called the second genome of the human body. Herbal medicine can balance tumor-suppressing bacteria and tumor-promoting bacteria and exert its anti-cancer effect by regulating gut microbiota. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a history of thousands of years in prevention and treatment of diseases in China. In recent decades, TCM has been shown to have an obvious advantage in prolonging the survival time and improving the living quality of patients with cancer. Notably, gut microbiota has become a new pathway to understanding TCM. In this review, we will focus on gut microbiota and tumor progression, especially the diversity, functionality and metabolites of gut microbiota affected by TCM in various cancer. We will also discuss the potential mechanism of gut microbiota for exploring TCM in anti-cancer effect. This article aims to comprehensively review the anti-cancer research of TCM by regulating gut microbiota, and address future perspectives and challenges of gut microbiota in TCM intervention for cancer.

1,4-Palladium migration has emerged as a reliable method for directed C-H functionalization. In contrast to coupling with carbon nucleophiles, limited examples with heteroatom nucleophiles have been reported. Herein we report a palladium-catalyzed intermolecular C(sp

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia is the main causes of acute bronchiolitis in infants. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LUT-7G) is a natural flavonoid, which exists in a variety of plants and has a variety of biological activities. The purpose of this study was to reveal the therapeutic effect of LUT-7G on RSV pneumonia from the perspective of glucose metabolism. Methods Mice model of RSV pneumonia were constructed and administered LUT-7G intervention (60mg/kg·d− 1). The pathological injury of lung tissue was observed by HE staining. Real-time qPCR was used to detect inflammatory factors and RSV surface protein. Then the metabolites of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) in lung tissue and serum of mice were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to evaluate the regulatory effect of LUT-7G on glucose metabolism under virus infection. Results Pharmacodynamic studies show that LUT-7G could reduce the inflammatory injury of lung tissue by up-regulating IL-10 mRNA, reducing RSV G, F protein and pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α and TGF-β mRNA. Target metabonomics showed that RSV infection could up-regulate the levels of glycolysis and TCA metabolites in lung tissue and serum, while LUT-7G could improve the disorder of glucose metabolism and partially reverse the upregulation of glucose, lactate and malate in lung tissue. Conclusion LUT-7G can improve the pathological injury of lung tissue induced by RSV by regulating glucose metabolism and inhibiting inflammation.

Endogenous guanidino compounds (GCs), nitrogen-containing metabolites, have very important physiological activities and participate in biochemical processes. Therefore, accurately characterizing the distribution of endogenous GCs and monitoring their concentration variations are of great significance. In this work, a new derivatization reagent, 4,4'-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]benzyl (BDMAPB), with isotope-coded reagents was designed and synthesized for doubly charged labeling of GCs. BDMAPB-derivatized GCs not only promote the MS signal but also form multicharged quasimolecular ions and abundant fragment ions. With this reagent, an isotope-coded doubly charged labeling (ICDCL) strategy was developed for endogenous GCs with high-resolution liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS). The core of this methodology is a 4-fold multiplexed set of [

Asthma is a global problem and complex disease suited for metabolomic profiling. This study explored the candidate biomarkers specific to paediatric asthma and provided insights into asthmatic pathophysiology.Children (aged 6-11 years) meeting the criteria for healthy control (n = 29), uncontrolled asthma (n = 37) or controlled asthma (n = 43) were enrolled. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed on urine samples of the patients to explore the different types of metabolite profile in paediatric asthma. Additionally, we employed a comprehensive strategy to elucidate the relationship between significant metabolites and asthma-related genes.We identified 51 differential metabolites mainly related to dysfunctional amino acid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism. A combination of eight candidate metabolites, including uric acid, stearic acid, threitol, acetylgalactosamine, heptadecanoic acid, aspartic acid, xanthosine and hypoxanthine (adjusted P 0.05 and fold-change1.5 or0.67), showed excellent discriminatory performance for the presence of asthma and the differentiation of poor-controlled or well-controlled asthma, and area under the curve values were0.97 across groups. Enrichment analysis based on these targets revealed that the Fc receptor, intracellular steroid hormone receptor signalling pathway, DNA damage and fibroblast proliferation were involved in inflammation, immunity and stress-related biological progression of paediatric asthma.Metabolomic analysis of patient urine combined with network-biology approaches allowed discrimination of asthma profiles and subtypes according to the metabolic patterns. The results provided insight into the potential mechanism of paediatric asthma.

// Xun Cao 1,* , Yan-Zhen Chen 1,* , Ruo-Zhen Luo 1,2 , Lin Zhang 1,3 , Song-Liang Zhang 1,5 , Jun Zeng 1,5 , Yu-Chuan Jiang 1,5 , Yu-Jing Han 1,4 and Zhe-Sheng Wen 1,5 1 Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 2 Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 3 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 4 Department of Preclinical Medicines, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 5 Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China * These authors contribute equally to this work Correspondence to: Zhe-Sheng Wen, email: // Keywords : non-small cell lung cancer, tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12, survival, prognosis Received : January 06, 2015 Accepted : February 19, 2015 Published : March 14, 2015 Abstract Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (PTPN12) has been considered to be a tumor suppressor in human cancer, but its clinical and prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been well elucidated. A retrospective analysis of 215 patients with surgically resected NSCLCs from Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center between April 2002 and March 2005 was performed using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot to analyze PTPN12 expression. The association between PTPN12 expression and patient survival was investigated. Western Blots showed that the expression level of PTPN12 were higher in normal paracancerous lung tissues than in NSCLC tissues. High PTPN12 expression was less common in the presence than in the absence of visceral pleural invasion (p=0.038). Patients with PTPN12-high tumors had a longer disease-free survival (DFS) ( P

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical and pathological features and the diagnosis of childhood Alport syndrome (AS). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 91 children with AS. RESULTS: Hematuria was observed in all 91 patients, of whom 86 were accompanied with proteinuria. Sixty-one children with X-Linked AS (XL-AS) had positive family history. Renal biopsy was performed on 82 children. Mild to moderate mesangial proliferation was observed in 74 cases. Small amounts of immune complexes deposits in the glomerular mesangial area were observed in 48 cases. Glomerular basement membrane (GBM) attenuation, thickening and layering were observed in 53 cases by electron microscopy (EM). In 63 cases receiving renal tissue type Ⅳ collagen α3 and α5 chain immunofluorescence detection, 58 were diagnosed with AS, including 53 cases of XL-AS and 5 cases of autosomal recessive AS. In 91 cases of AS, 58 were diagnosed as AS by renal tissue type Ⅳ collagen α3 and α5 chain immunofluorescence, 21 were diagnosed by EM, one was diagnosed by skin biopsy, and 12 were diagnosed by gene detection. Six novel mutations of COL4A5 gene were found. Forty-five cases were misdiagnosed before the diagnosis of AS. Forty-one of the 45 cases received steroids and/or immunosuppressant therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical manifestations and pathological changes are not specific in children with AS, resulting in a higher rate of misdiagnosis. Typical lesions of GBM under EM are only observed in a part of patients. There is a high novel mutation rate of COL4A5 in the detected AS children.

To study the mechanism of cascading failures in a power grid and find out the key vulnerable lines propagating cascading failures, entropy theory and analysis hierarchy process were applied in entropy-weighted fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and information of objective data and the subjective opinion of experts were combined in the model to implement effective evaluation and sorting of line vulnerability. The article builds a index system that contains voltage deviation, power flow coefficient and electric betweenness in considering the network structure and real-time running state of the system, and then the lines vulnerability assessment method is proposed .This method can be used to help power grid designers and operators spot the lines prone to black-out. Numerical example results show that the proposed indicators can overcome the deficiency of existing indicators not taking the state of the grid structure and operation into account which proves the assessment method is feasible.

In this paper, we take Oracle as the example of relational database, and Caché as a post-relational database. We implement the performance test between relational database and post-relational database in HIS. The results prove post-relational are much more efficient than relational database.

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) seedlings cultured in sandy media were treated with Hoagland nutrition solution with different concentrations of Cd(NO(3))(2) from 0 to 400 micromol/L. After 50 days' treatment, Cd accumulation, activities of peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) were measured and electrophoretograms of POD isoenzymes were analyzed. The accumulation of Cd in seedlings increased from Cd 50-100 micromol/L, after which further increases in Cd concentration resulted in only small increases in accumulation of Cd in seedlings. MDA content was markedly higher than control values indicating the enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation in roots and leaves. POD activities in leaf and root extracts increased with an increase of Cd concentration from 0 to 50 and 100 micromol/L and then decreased with further increases to 200 and 400 micromol/L. Under moderate Cd level of 50-200 micromol/L, SOD activities in leaf and root extracts increased whereas with a higher Cd level of 400 micromol/L marked inhibitions in enzyme activities were observed. With increase in Cd concentration marked elevations in CAT activities in leaves and roots were observed. Results of electrophoresis show that the alteration of POD isoenzyme was noticeable to Cd and an additional POD isoenzyme LP10 appeared. It is suggested that POD isoenzyme of Jerusalem artichoke seedlings could be used as bioindicator for soil contamination by Cd.