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Picturing the atomic migration pathways of catalysts in a reactive atmosphere is of central significance for uncovering the underlying catalytic mechanisms and directing the design of high-performance catalysts. Here, we describe a reduction-controlled atomic migration pathway that converts nanoparticles to single atom alloys (SAAs), which has remained synthetically challenging in prior attempts due to the elusive mechanism. We achieved this by thermally treating the noble-metal nanoparticles M (M = Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, and Au) on metal oxide (CuO) supports with H

The tensile properties of quartz fiber fabric-reinforced resin composites at high temperature were studied. The effects of specimen type and dimension, temperature loading procedure, holding time and loading rate on the tensile properties of the composites at high temperatures were analyzed through series of comparative experiments, the tensile test parameters were determined. Chinese national standard for high-temperature tensile property testing of the composites was compiled based on the data collected. According to the established standard, the tensile testing at 500°C was carried out. Compared with the tensile properties at room temperature, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composite at high temperature decreases significantly, with the tensile strength decreasing by about 42.32% and the tensile modulus decreasing by about 24.18%. This is mainly due to the high temperature which causes part of the resin matrix to pyrolyze and detach from around the fiber, thus losing the integrity of the material. In addition, this national standard for high-temperature tensile properties has some general applicability to different types of fiber-reinforced resin composites.

In this paper, the effects of different sample clamping modes, curing time of the adhesive during sample preparation, gauge length of the sample and tensile rate on the tensile properties of continuous alumina fiber bundles are briefly introduced. These parameters can accurately affect the tensile properties of alumina fiber bundles.

Objective To explore the effect of air temperature on the hospitalization of rural residents with cardiovascular diseases and its lag effect in Dingxi city. Methods The meteorological data and air pollution data of Dingxi city from 2018 to 2019,as well as the daily hospitalization data of rural residents due to cardiovascular diseases,were collected.The distributed lag non-linear models were employed to analyze the relationship between daily mean air temperature and the number of inpatients with cardiovascular diseases.Meanwhile,stratified analysis was carried out according to gender,age,and disease. Results There was a non-linear relationship between air temperature and the number of hospitalized rural residents with cardiovascular diseases in Dingxi city.The exposure-response curve approximated a bell shape.The curves for different cardiovascular diseases appeared similar shapes,with different temperature thresholds.Low temperature(-7 ℃) and moderately low temperature(0 ℃) exhibited a cumulative lag effect on the number of patients hospitalized with cardiovascular diseases.With a cumulative lag of 7 days at -7 ℃ and 14 days at 0 ℃,the

Background In the era of immunotherapy, it is still unclear which is the best first-line therapy for patients with oncogenic driver negative advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) who cannot tolerate immunotherapy, or subsequent therapy for patients with oncogenic driver positive NS-NSCLC whose disease progressed on prior targeted therapy. To assess the optimal choice of first-line and maintenance treatment regimens, we performed a meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of patients with NS-NSCLC on bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy. Methods All eligible RCTs comparing pemetrexed-platinum with or without bevacizumab (PP ± B) and paclitaxel-carboplatin with bevacizumab (PC + B) as a first-line therapy, or comparing bevacizumab plus pemetrexed (Pem + B) and bevacizumab alone (B) as a maintenance treatment for advanced NS-NSCLC, were included after systematically searching web databases and meeting abstracts. The main research endpoints were comparisons of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The other endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), 1-year PFS rate (PFSR1y) and major grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events. Results Data of 3139 patients from six RCTs were incorporated into analyses. Three RCTs were included in an analysis that compared PP ± B and PC + B as a first-line therapy for advanced NS-NSCLC. Patients treated with first-line PP ± B showed similar OS and ORR, but significantly improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88) and PFSR1y (risk ratio [RR], 0.83), as compared to patients treated with PC + B (all P P P Conclusion Although the first-line PP + B regimen had longer PFS and PFSR1y than the PC + B regimen, no OS difference was observed. Addition of pemetrexed to bevacizumab as maintenance therapy significantly improved OS compared with bevacizumab maintenance alone, but led to more toxicity.

Organic peroxides (OPs) have a long history in the industry. In particular, it mainly occupies a leading position in the polymer industry, so there are still emerging substances being put into the current market and applications. However, the well-known aspect of OPs in the past is reflected in their self-reactive and hazardous properties, which have continued to expand related research in the field of safety. However, even under the rich research foundation and new safety technologies, the thermal hazards caused by emerging OPs are still heard, which means that the application of new OPs still needs attention and solutions in safety area. It is necessary to update the hazard knowledge of emerging OPs and achieve the purpose of disaster reduction. Therefore, the new OP, HTP-65W was selected for this study, starting from kinetic analysis and combining the heat transfer mode of the external system to estimate and assess the overall hazard characteristics between the material and the heat exchange of the environment. The basic experiment is carried out under the technical conditions of the isothermal calorimetric test which conformed to real situation. Evaluating the thermal hazard mode of a substance can establish the determination of safety parameters, and it is essential to the actual operation process. If the substance can be controlled at a specific ambient temperature or the decomposition reaction can be prevented, the possible hazards can be eliminated. For example, HTP-65W has shorter TMRad and TCL, which shows that HTP-65W has obvious reactivity hazards. In addition, evaluating the thermal hazards of HTP-65W in different containers can be used as a safety basis for the design of HTP-65W’s cooling system and on-site operations.

Intrauterine hypoxia (IUH) affects the growth and development of offspring. It remains unclear that how long the impact of IUH on cognitive function lasts and whether sexual differences exist. Spermidine (SPD) has shown to improve cognition, but its effect on the cognitive function of IUH offspring remains unknown. In the present study we investigated the influence of IUH on body weight and neurological, motor and cognitive function and the expression of APP, BACE1 and Tau5 proteins in brain tissues in 2- and 4-month-old IUH rat offspring, as well as the effects of SPD intervention on these parameters. IUH rat model was established by treating pregnant rats with intermittent hypoxia on gestational days 15–21, meanwhile pregnant rats were administered SPD (5 mg·kg(−1)·d(−1);ip) for 7 days. Neurological deficits were assessed in the Longa scoring test; motor and cognitive functions were evaluated in coat hanger test and active avoidance test, respectively. We found that IUH decreased the body weight of rats in both sexes but merely impaired motor and cognitive function in female rats without changing neurological function in the rat offspring of either sex at 2 months of age. For 4-month-old offspring, IUH decreased body weight in males and impaired neurological function and increased cognitive function in both sexes. IUH did not affect APP, BACE1 or Tau5 protein expression in either the hippocampus or cortex of all offspring; however, it increased the cortical Tau5 level in 2-month-old female offspring. Surprisingly, SPD intervention prevented weight loss. SPD intervention reversed the motor and cognitive decline caused by IUH in 2-month-old female rat offspring. Taken together, IUH-induced cognitive decline in rat offspring is sex-dependent during puberty and can be recovered in adult rats. SPD intervention improves IUH-induced cognitive and neural function decline.

Organic peroxide (OP) has been applied in the industry for at least 40 years. Driven by significant investments in today’s high-profile energy, petrochemical, and polymer industries, the market and applications of OPs are expanding rapidly. However, the self-reactive nature has led to continuous research work on this topic. Nevertheless, tremendous progress has been made in hazard analysis, which has improved existing protocols or led to the discovery of new safety methods. OPs still cause related chemical hazards, and the limitations related to process hazards remain to be resolved. There is a lack of comprehensive systematic analysis of the process hazards of a wide variety of OPs. Different OPs, namely BPO, LPO, and the emerging OP, HTP-65W, were selected for investigation with several calorimetry techniques based on thermokinetic and heat transfer models. Determination methods have a crucial role in an operator for obtaining a systematic understanding of hazard properties under different process conditions, which is related to avoiding the occurrence of process disasters. For example, LPO has a shorter TMRad and TCL (

Di-tert-butyl peroxy-hexahydro terephthalate (HTP-65W), a newly developed organic peroxide, has been used in manufacturing acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer and as an initiator in the polymerization. However, few studies focus on the thermal hazards of HTP-65W. The purpose of this study was to investigate the thermal decomposition phenomenon of HTP-65W under different conditions via calorimetric technologies and simulation. According to simultaneous thermogravimetric analyzer curves, two mass loss stages were detected at about 79 °C and around 64–72% mass loss happened in the first stage. Furthermore, the real view system was used to observe the apparent physical phenomenon like color and state change in HTP-65W during the reaction. Utilizing accelerating rate calorimeter and adiabatic kinetic method, the exothermic phenomena occurred at around 75 °C. The apparent activation energy (Ea) and rate constant of reaction under adiabatic conditions were 172.0 kJ mol−1 and 4.0 × 1025 mol L−1 s−1. Through differential scanning calorimetry and kinetics simulation, an exothermic peak appeared between 87 and 168 °C caused by the thermal decomposition of HTP-65W, and the Ea calculated using Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and Friedman methods were 143.4 and 128.4 kJ mol−1, respectively. To prevent thermal loss prevention accidents, time to maximum rate under adiabatic condition was obtained as 24 h under 63.9 °C and self-accelerating decomposition temperature was 61 °C for 50 kg package size of HTP-65W. Results of this study can support to prevent the potential thermal hazards of HTP-65W happened during storage, transportation, and manufacturing process.

Aging is the most important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Epidemiological studies reported that women have higher incidence of AD than men, which is associated with estrogen deficiency post menopause. The integrity of dendrites ensures normal neuronal function, and dendrite degeneration is one of the hallmarks in AD. However, the contribution of estrogen deficiency in dendritic remodeling during female aging is still unclarified. In the present study, female 18- and 22-month-old mice showed an age-dependent cognitive decline. Interestingly, female 18- and 22-month-old mice induced dendritic degeneration in both hippocampus and cortex, wherein the dendritic degeneration of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and cortical nonpyramidal neurons were more obvious in 18-month-old mice and that would not deteriorate in 22-month-old mice. The female mice after ovariectomy (OVX) 5 months induced similar changes in female 22-month-old mice indicating by cognitive decline and dendritic degeneration, however, dendritic degeneration of the hippocampal DG granular cells was less bad than that in female 22-month-old mice. Besides, estradiol (E2) level, and estrogen receptor α and β (ERα and ERβ) in hippocampus and cortex decreased in aged female and OVX mice. Importantly, E2 application rescued these changes induced by OVX. In conclusion, the female aging-induced dendritic remodeling existed regional differences, wherein hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and cortical nonpyramidal neurons were the more vulnerable to onset of estrogen deficiency, while DG granular cells were more sensitive to age.

PurposeThe role of neoadjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeted therapy for patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been clarified. A pooled analysis of prospective clinical trials was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant EGFR-TKI therapy.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases, as well as meeting abstracts were searched for prospective clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant EGFR-TKI for treatment of EGFR-mutant NSCLC. The main outcomes included the objective response rate (ORR), downstaging rate, surgical resection rate (SRR), pathologic complete response (pCR) rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events.ResultsA total of five, phase II, prospective, clinical trials involving 124 patients with resectable or potentially resectable EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant erlotinib or gefitinib treatment were included in this pooled analysis. The median neoadjuvant medication time was 42 (range, 21–56) days and the median time of response evaluation was 45 (range, 42–56) days. The pooled ORR was 58.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 45.5%–71.8%] and the surgical resection and complete resection (R0) rates were 79.9% (95% CI, 65.3%–94.5%) and 64.3% (95% CI, 43.8%–84.8%), respectively. In the stage IIIA subgroup (n = 68), the pooled ORR, SRR, and R0 rate were 51.4%, 72.9%, and 57.0%, respectively, while the downstaging and pCR rates were 14.0% and 0.0%, respectively. The pooled median PFS and overall survival were 13.2 and 41.9 months, respectively. Of the most common grade 3/4 adverse events in the overall group, the incidences of hepatotoxicity and skin rash were 5.3% and 14.7%, respectively. The most commonly reported postoperative complications were lung infection, arrhythmia, and pneumothorax.ConclusionNeoadjuvant EGFR-TKI therapy provides a feasible treatment modality for patients with resectable or potentially resectable EGFR-mutant NSCLC, with satisfactory surgical outcomes and low toxicity. Although further phase III clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings, it is necessary to explore the feasibility of a more effective EGFR-TKI combination neoadjuvant therapy given the modest downgrade and pCR rates for EGFR-TKI alone.

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) greatly improve the survival and quality of life of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. However, many patients exhibit de novo or primary/early resistance. In addition, patients who initially respond to EGFR-TKIs exhibit marked diversity in clinical outcomes. With the development of comprehensive genomic profiling, various mutations and concurrent (i.e., coexisting) genetic alterations have been discovered. Many studies have revealed that concurrent genetic alterations play an important role in the response and resistance of EGFR-mutant NSCLC to EGFR-TKIs. To optimize clinical outcomes, a better understanding of specific concurrent gene alterations and their impact on EGFR-TKI treatment efficacy is necessary. Further exploration of other biomarkers that can predict EGFR-TKI efficacy will help clinicians identify patients who may not respond to TKIs and allow them to choose appropriate treatment strategies. Here, we review the literature on specific gene alterations that coexist with EGFR mutations, including common alterations (intra-EGFR [on target] co-mutation, TP53, PIK3CA, and PTEN) and driver gene alterations (ALK, KRAS, ROS1, and MET). We also summarize data for other biomarkers (e.g., PD-L1 expression and BIM polymorphisms) associated with EGFR-TKI efficacy.

Background The outcomes of immediate autologous breast reconstruction (IABR) after partial mastectomy followed by postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in terms of aesthetics, treatment-related complications, and local control are unclear. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of IABR after partial mastectomy with or without breast RT, and thus the impact of radiation on autologous flap transfer. Method A retrospective cohort study involving consecutive breast cancer patients who underwent IABR after partial mastectomy between July 2011 and December 2017 at Shengjing Hospital was performed. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not they received RT after IABR. We compared aesthetic outcomes and changes in the flap size over the three-dimensional coordinates at various timepoints (pre-RT, 1, 6, and 12 months post-RT), as well as postoperative complications, survival, and recurrence rates between the two groups. Results In total, 84 breast cancer patients were enrolled, with 32 patients in the RT group and 52 in the non-RT group. At a median follow-up time of 33.3 months, no significant difference was found in the rate of regional recurrence between the two groups (3.13% vs. 3.85%, P = 1.00), and no local recurrences occurred in either group. At the timepoints pre-RT, 1, and 6 months post-RT (approximately 4, 7, and 12 months after IABR, respectively), 77 (91.7%), 70 (83.3%), and 83 (98.8%) patients, respectively, had achieved very good or good cosmetic outcomes, and only changes in breast skin color at 1 month after RT significantly differed between the RT and non-RT groups, with very good or good cosmetic result rates of 62.5% vs. 96.2%, respectively (P P > 0.05). Additionally, no grade 3 or greater RT-associated adverse events occurred during or after RT. Conclusion RT following IABR provides aesthetically satisfactory results without intolerable adverse complications and may safely be performed in patients who underwent IABR after partial mastectomy.

Background Microglial polarization is a dynamic response to acute brain hypoxia induced by stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, studies on the polarization of microglia in chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI) are limited. Our objective was to investigate the effect of CCCI on microglial polarization after chronic brain hypoperfusion (CBH) and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods CBH model was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2-vessel occlusion, 2VO) in rats. Using the stereotaxic injection technique, lenti-pre-miR-195 and anti-miR-195 oligonucleotide fragments (lenti-pre-AMO-miR-195) were injeted into the CA1 region of the hippocampus to construct animal models with high or low expression of miR-195. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were conducted to examine the status of microglial polarization. In vitro, Transwell co-culture system was taken to investigate the role of miR-195 on neuronal-microglial communication through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the level of miR-195 and inflammatory factors. The protein levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were evaluated by both western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Results CBH induced by 2VO initiated microglial/macrophage activation in the rat hippocampus from 1 week to 8 weeks, as evaluated by increased ratio of (CD68+ and CD206+)/Iba-1 immunofluorescence. And the microglial/macrophage polarization was shifted towards the M1 phenotype at 8 weeks following CBH. The expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 was increased in the hippocampus of 2VO rats at 8 weeks. An in vitro study in a Transwell co-culture system demonstrated that transfection of either primary-cultured neonatal rat neurons (NRNs) or microglial BV2 cells with AMO-195-induced M1 polarization of BV2 cells and increased CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression and that these effects were reversed by miR-195 mimics. Furthermore, the upregulation of miR-195 induced by lenti-pre-miR-195 injection prevented microglial/macrophage polarization to M1 phenotype triggered by hippocampal injection of lenti-pre-AMO-miR-195 and 2VO surgery. Conclusions Our findings conclude that downregulation of miR-195 in the hippocampus is involved in CBH-induced microglial/macrophage polarization towards M1 phenotype by governing communication between neurons and microglia through the regulation of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 signaling. This indicates that miR-195 may provide a new strategy for clinical prevention and treatment of CBH.

In human lung cancer, Tripartite motif 65 (TRIM65) is documented as an important regulator in carcinogenesis. Knockdown of TRIM65 prevents the tumorigenesis of lung cancer cells, while TRIM65 overexpression presents the opposite effect. However, the roles of TRIM65 in human lymphocyte malignancies have reported little. Herein, we found that Jurkat (T-lymphocyte) and Raji (B-lymphocyte) expressed TRIM65. We aimed to investigate whether TRIM65 was a potential oncogenic protein that regulated the tumorigenesis of Jurkat and Raji cells. In our present study, cells were transfected with siRNA-TRIM65 or TRIM65 overexpression vector, Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining was carried out to detect cell viability, cell cycle profile and cell apoptosis, respectively. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway-associated proteins, such as Bcl2, cleaved-caspase 3, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) were assessed. Our data indicated that knockdown of TRIM65 prevented the tumorigenesis of Jurkat and Raji cells. TRIM65 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle, highly like through blocking ERK1/2 pathway. However, TRIM65 overexpression enhanced cell viability, increased the protein levels of Bcl2, VEGF, p-ERK1/2 while decreased cleaved-caspase 3 expression, suggesting the promoted effect of TRIM65 overexpression in the tumorigenesis of those two lymphoma cells. To validate the involvement of ERK1/2 pathway, ERK1/2 inhibitor AZD8330 (1 µmol/L) was introduced. We found that AZD8330 significantly prevented TRIM65 overexpression-induced tumorigenesis. We concluded that TRIM65 served as a potential oncogenic protein on Jurkat and Raji cells, and ERK1/2 pathway was the underlying mechanism. Approaches targeting TRIM65 provided a novel strategy for the treatment of lymphoma.

A Carbon-nanotube (CNT)/Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film-coated thin core fiber (TCF) optics sensor is proposed for monitoring relative humidity (RH). The unique Michelson type fiber interferometer sensor consists a short segment of TCF, the tip of which is melted into a convex shape and coated with a hydroscopic CNT/PVA film. The proposed sensor is linearly responsive to relative humidity (RH) beyond the humidity range 70%RH, with maximum sensitivity of −0.4573 dB/%RH. The advantages of this sensor are its compact size, excellent stability and facile fabrication process.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is closely associated with central nervous system diseases and could lead to autonomic nerve dysfunction, which is often seen in neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies have shown that metoprolol prevents several chronic OSA-induced cardiovascular diseases through inhibiting autonomic nerve hyperactivity. It remains unclear whether chronic OSA can lead to dendritic remodeling in the brain, and whether metoprolol affects the dendritic remodeling. In this study we investigated the effect of metoprolol on dendrite morphology in a canine model of chronic OSA, which was established in beagles through clamping and reopening the endotracheal tube for 4 h every other day for 12 weeks. OSA beagles were administered metoprolol (5 mg· kg−1· d−1). The dendritic number, length, crossings and spine density of neurons in hippocampi and prefrontal cortices were assessed by Golgi staining. And the protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured by Western blotting. We showed that chronic OSA successfully induced significant brain hypoxia evidenced by increased HIF-1α levels in CA1 region and dentate gyrus of hippocampi, as well as in prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, OSA led to markedly decreased dendrite number, length and intersections, spine loss as well as reduced BDNF levels. Administration of metoprolol effectively prevented the dendritic remodeling and spine loss induced by chronic OSA. In addition, administration of metoprolol reversed the decreased BDNF, which might be associated with the metoprolol-induced neuronal protection. In conclusion, metoprolol protects against neuronal dendritic remodeling in hippocampi and prefrontal cortices induced by chronic OSA in canine.

A phenylboronic-acid-derivatized poly (acrylic acid) (PAA-PBA)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) functionalized thin-core fiber (TCF) optical sensor is proposed for glucose detection. The unique Michelson-type fiber interferometer sensor was fabricated by splicing a short segment of TCF with a single-mode fiber, where the tip of TCF was melted into a rounded shape. PAA-PBA was synthesized by grafting PBA onto the PAA chain using N-hydroxysuccinimide and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride as coupling reagent. Multilayer films of PAA-PBA and PVA were subsequently functionalized onto the fiber-optic Michelson interferometer structure through layer-by-layer assembly. Experiments showed that the PAA-PBA/PVA functionalized fiber-optic probe exhibits glucose-sensitive behavior under physiological pH. The proposed sensor offers benefits such as simple fabrication, compact size, and glucose selectivity and has potential applications, such as insulin release system, in a biodevice. Accepted version

ObjectiveThe pain prevalence of inpatients is not a well-studied medical issue in Asia. We have aimed to evaluate pain prevalence and characterize those patients who have suffered from severe, persistent pain.MethodsWe investigated pain prevalence using a quota sampling from 19 general wards during the year 2018. Using a structured questionnaire, eight interviewers visited patients at an age ≥ 20 years, and who had been staying in general wards for ≥ 3 days. Those patients were excluded if they were unable to respond to the interview questions. If they reported pain during hospitalization, the maximum pain level and the duration of pain suffered in the past 24 hours were assessed. Care-related pain was also surveyed.ResultsA total of 1,034 patients (M/F, 537/497) completed the survey. Amongst them, 719 patients (69.5%) experienced pain, with moderate and severe pain levels being 27.3% and 43%, respectively. Surgery was considered as it related to pain, including significantly severe pain. The top 3 care-related pain causes were needle pain, wound dressing, and change in position/chest percussion. Change in position/chest percussion and rehabilitation were associated with severe, persistent pain.ConclusionsPain is common in approximately 70% of inpatients, with surgery being associated with severe pain. Mobilization and rehabilitation may lead to severe, persistent pain. The periodic study of pain prevalence is essential in order to provide precise pain management.

The thermal hazards of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO), self-reactive chemicals are identified and characterized using high-pressuredifferential scanning calorimeter, and simultaneous thermogravimetric analyzer, a C80 micro-calorimeter is used. The apparent exothermic onset temperature of DCP is found to be between the range of 112–122 °C for different heating rates in DSC tests. There are two coupled peaks of BPO around 105 °C at both the heating rates of 4.0 and 8.0 °C/min while no endothermic peak showed at lower heating rates. Furthermore, another endothermic peak appears immediately after the exothermic peak at about 211 °C of DCP under high-pressure conditions. For BPO, the endothermic peak before the exothermic peak disappears as the pressure increases to 1.0 and 1.5 MPa. The average values of apparent activation energy calculated by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose methods during the conversion rate between 15 and 75% of DCP are 80.69 and 74.05 kJ/mol, and that of BPO are 119.96 and 112.93 kJ/mol, respectively. According to the isothermal tests, the thermal decomposition of DCP behaviors is an n-th order reaction while BPO conforms to the laws of autocatalytic reaction.

We present a compact and novel “T” structure optical fiber refractive index sensor proposal based on surface plasmon resonance. “T” structure sensing head consists of a single mode fiber (SMF) with a plasmonic facet and a cladding partly removed single mode fiber (CPR-SMF) with a gap. The gold film is deposited on the end of SMF instead of the side of the CPR-SMF. The simulation results show that the SPR based on the “T” structure can be excited effectively. The SPR transmission spectrum shifts towards longer wavelength with the sensing sample refractive index increasing largely. When we divide the refractive index range of the sensing sample to two parts, the linear relationships between the SPR wavelength and the refractive index can be used. The resolutions can be highly up to 7.115×10 −6 RIU and 3.525×10 −6 RIU for the refractive index ranges of 1.3333–1.36 and 1.37–1.4, respectively. The proposed “T” structure sensor works well for achieving the refractive index measurement with high sensitivity and wide range for samples with a tiny amount.

A highly sensitive fibre-optic nano-displacement sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed. The displacement sensing head consists of a single-mode fibre (SMF) with a plasmonic facet and a cladding partly removed single-mode fibre (CPR-SMF) with an air gap. The gold film is deposited on the end of the SMF instead of the flat of the CPR-SMF. The simulation results show that the SPR transmission spectrum shifts significantly toward shorter wavelengths with widening displacement. The relationship between SPR transmission wavelength and the displacement is sinusoidal, and the sensitivity of the proposed sensor can be as high as 31.45 nm/nm. The performance of the proposed sensor can be optimized by choosing a favourable combination of the gold film thickness of 40 to 50 nm and a residual cladding thickness of 100 to 150 nm. Because of the high sensitivity and compact configuration, it is feasible to achieve high sensitivity nano or angstrom displacement measurement and control.

In human lung cancer, Tripartite motif 65 (TRIM65) is documented as an important regulator in carcinogenesis. Knockdown of TRIM65 prevents the tumorigenesis of lung cancer cells, while TRIM65 overexpression presents the opposite effect. However, the roles of TRIM65 in human lymphocyte malignancies have reported little. Herein, we found that Jurkat (T-lymphocyte) and Raji (B-lymphocyte) expressed TRIM65. We aimed to investigate whether TRIM65 was a potential oncogenic protein that regulated the tumorigenesis of Jurkat and Raji cells. In our present study, cells were transfected with siRNA-TRIM65 or TRIM65 overexpression vector, Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining was carried out to detect cell viability, cell cycle profile and cell apoptosis, respectively. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway-associated proteins, such as Bcl2, cleaved-caspase 3, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) were assessed. Our data indicated that knockdown of TRIM65 prevented the tumorigenesis of Jurkat and Raji cells. TRIM65 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle, highly like through blocking ERK1/2 pathway. However, TRIM65 overexpression enhanced cell viability, increased the protein levels of Bcl2, VEGF, p-ERK1/2 while decreased cleaved-caspase 3 expression, suggesting the promoted effect of TRIM65 overexpression in the tumorigenesis of those two lymphoma cells. To validate the involvement of ERK1/2 pathway, ERK1/2 inhibitor AZD8330 (1 µmol/L) was introduced. We found that AZD8330 significantly prevented TRIM65 overexpression-induced tumorigenesis. We concluded that TRIM65 served as a potential oncogenic protein on Jurkat and Raji cells, and ERK1/2 pathway was the underlying mechanism. Approaches targeting TRIM65 provided a novel strategy for the treatment of lymphoma.

Objective To investigate the effects of simulated null gravity on the secretion of adrenomedullary hormones and miRNA-375 expression in rats. Method Fifty-six healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 experimental groups (8 each), including suspension for 6h, 12h, 1d, 3d, 5d, 7d and 0h (control). Tail-suspension was used to establish the weightlessness animal model according to Morey-Holton's method. At the end of the experiment, the blood samples were obtained from the postorbitor vein, and the bilateral adrenal glands were harvested. The serum concentrations of catecholamines were determined by radioimmunological analysis. The expression of TH mRNA and miRNA-375 were assessed by quantitative RTPCR. TH protein in adrenal medulla was assayed using Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemistry. Results (1) The serum concentrations of rat's adrenomedullary hormones fluctuated obviously during the period of tail-suspension simulated weightlessness, with a temporary decline during 6-12h, followed by a sharp increase with a peak value on the 3rd day of suspension. (2) RT-PCR assay showed that TH mRNA expression in adrenal medulla of rats also fluctuated obviously, with a temporary decline at 6h and then elevated with a peak value at 1 day of suspension, followed by a downward trend forming a trough value on 5d of suspension. The immunohistochemistry showed that TH protein was stained as brown particles and the cytoplasm of adrenal medulla was stained deeply on 3d of suspension. (3) RT-PCR assay revealed that the expression of miRNA-375 in adrenal medulla increased temporarily at 6h of suspension, and it decreased significantly during 12h to 3d of suspension compared with that of control group (P

We propose a tapered fiber-optic based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. The plasmonic sensing is designed by coating the waist of tapered fiber-optic with gold. The transmission spectrum of SPR wavelength were investigated by 2D finite element method (FEM). The calculation shows that the dips of the resonance wavelength shift toward long wave direction with the thickness of gold film decreasing. And increasing the diameters of the waist core of tapered fiber-optic also makes the resonance wavelength shift long wave direction. Furthermore, changing the refractive index of the external samples from 1.333 to 1.343 with step of ~0.002, the SPR wavelength shifts linearly from 575.05nm to 472.5nm. Owing to its compact and simple configuration, it also provides a feasible program for the refractive index high sensitivity detection.Keywords: surface plasmon resonance (SPR); tapered fiber-optic sensor; surface plasma; finite element method (FEM); optical fiber sensor

This research uses the finite element analysis software MSC.MARC to analyze the welding deformation, as well as the residual stress, of 6 mm thick stainless steel plates, type SUS304. The discussion includes the usefulness of applying jigs during the welding process and how this impacts the resulting welded structure, when pressure is applied. Thus, the influence on residual stress as well as deformation is included. Furthermore, the most beneficial positioning of the jigs to inhibit welding deformation is discussed.

Polystyrene/Fe3O4composite microspheres were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization. The composite microspheres comprised of polystyrene core and magnetite nanoparticles as shell. Magnetite is modified with silane coupling to modify strong hydrophilic property, for a function of co-stabilizer. Acrylic acid as a co-monomer was employed to link polymer with magnetite nanoparticles. The microspheres were homogeneous distribution, The thickness of the shell was from10nm to 25nm. The morphology and structure of the composite microspheres were characterized by FT-IR, TEM, XRD, TG and XPS et al. The Effects of co-monomer, auxiliary emulsifier, emulsifier on the composite microspheres have been discussed.

The communication middleware of the yacht supervision management system (YSM) which is based on the DDS is the communication management software of the yacht supervision center system and the ship monitoring system. In order to ensure the high efficiency and high reliability of communication middleware, the paper for the first time introduced DDS communication framework to the yacht supervision system in the process of software design and implementation, and designed and implemented more flexible and reliable communication management interface for the DDS communication framework. Through practical test, each performance index of DDS communication middleware software of the yacht supervision management system has reached the design requirements.

Frequency variable TMD system is developed based on the conventional TMD system, which has multiple frequencies and thus merits of MTMD. Frequency variable TMD can effectively reduce the dynamic response of structure induced by its own frequencies. In this study, this technique is applied to dynamic analysis of high-rise building. The results show that frequency variable TMD system can optimize the dynamic response of the structure and control the vibration effectively, compared to conventional TMD system.

This paper presents the pattern recognition method of structural damage based on least square wavelet kernel function-SVM, which uses limited data about change rate of natural frequency. The method remedies the shortages of traditional methods, which are insensitive to the natural frequency. The result of numerical simulation indicates that the method has favorable recognition precision, better anti-noise capability, and well robustness.

Power system related to the people's livelihood is an important lifeline and its rapid post-earthquake rehabilitation and reconstruction is particularly important. Considering the importance of power system, cost estimation method of post-earthquake rehabilitation of power system is proposed. Based on the direct economic losses of power system, post-earthquake rehabilitation cost is given by index of the post-earthquake adjustment factor which is put forward according to post-earthquake rehabilitation cost and direct economic losses of power system in “5.12” Wenchuan earthquake. Cost estimation method of post-earthquake rehabilitation of power system could provide good suggestions for post-earthquake rehabilitation work.