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为明确支链脂肪酸（BCFA）与奇数链脂肪酸（OCFA）对肠道健康的影响，利用气相色谱-质谱联用分析健康人群与肠道疾病患者血液中脂肪酸含量的差异，并应用正交偏最小二乘-判别分析（OPLS-DA）鉴定肠道健康人群的特征脂肪酸。结果表明：健康对照组、肠道息肉组、结直肠癌组3组人群中共检测出9种BCFA和4种OCFA；BCFA、OCFA含量在健康人群中显著偏高（p

Background At the end of 2014, the department of policies, regulations and supervision of the State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine carried out started to the preparation development and revision of clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine at the end of 2014, and made progressdeveloped in 240 clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine in 13 specialized fields. The Chinese society of traditional Chinese medicine undertookakes this part of the work. Objective In order to understand the current situation of the preparation development and revision of clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines for in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, analyze the problems existing in the work of thethis project team from the perspective of methodology and give suggestions, this project team conducted investigated research on the preparation development and revision project team of clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of developed by traditional Chinese medicine of the Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods The survey will be conducted from June to December 2020. The survey object participants are is the project groups of the preparation development and revision of the clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of Chinese medicine of the Chinese Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Each project team member of this project team finishedlls in a questionnaire, and finally gathers the overall opinions of the project team were collected. The Chinese Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine issued a notice to invite all project teams to participate in the survey by means ofusing questionnaire star electronic questionnaire, and finally collected the answers on the network. Focusing Based on the research theme, the questionnaire includes five aspects: 1. understanding of the clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of for traditional Chinese medicine; 2. guide preparation development and revision procedures and application of methodology application; 3. key issues and key links steps in the preparation development and revision of the guidelines; 4. implementation, promotion and application of the guidelines; 5. overall investigation on about the guidelines preparation development and revision of the guidelines. The questionnaire is semi-structured, with 30 structured questions and 4 open questions. After the completion of the survey, the researchers conducted data summary and descriptive analysis on the results after survey. Results The survey finally recovered collected 198 valid questionnaires. The survey results suggest that most project teams (94.45%, 187/198) think that more clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of for traditional Chinese medicine are still needed in this field, and the coverage of clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine is still not wide enough, and the clinical application is poor; In terms of the procedures for the preparation development and revision of the guidelines and the application of methodology application, 99.49% (197/198) of the project teams followed the technical plan for the preparation development and revision of the guidelines, and 99.49% (197/198) of the project teams had methodological experts participating in the whole process. In terms of the key issues and key linkssteps in the preparation development and revision of the guidelines, most project teams believed that the main difficulties difficulties mainly focus on theare lack of high-quality clinical research evidence support (89.39%, 177/198), the lack of methodological tools consistent with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (70.20%, 139/198), the difficulty in unifying clinical classification standards (66.16%, 131/198), and the absence of fixed standards for the selection and dosage of prescriptions and drugs (60.61%, 119/198). In terms of the implementation, promotion and application of the guidelines, 71.21% (141/198) of the project team believed that the promotion and application were in line with expectations, but there were also some difficulties in promotion and application; In terms of overall research investigation on about the preparation development and revision of the guidelines, the vast majority (96.97%, 192/198) of the project teams said that they had invested a lot of human, material, energy and other resources in the preparation development and revision of the guidelines. Conclusion Most project teams thought clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines for traditional Chinese medicine had significant guidance in clinical practice, and each project team face some problems and difficulties in guideline development and revisions. We give proposed the following suggestions: in the future, attention should be paid to the preparation development and revision of the guidelines, and relevant financial support should be increased; during the preparation development and revision of clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine, all working groups need to have methodological experts participate in the whole process and control the quality; increase training on evidence-based medicine and the formulation of clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines; strictly follow the latest technical solutions and methodological processes; during the preparation development and revision of the guidelines, we should pay attention to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment, and aim at clinical practicality and applicability, in order to improve the quality of clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine and promote traditional Chinese medicine to better serve people's health.

Microplastics are ubiquitous in soil ecosystems all over the world through source and migration. It is even estimated that the content of microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems exceeds the number of microplastics entering sea ecosystems. However, compared with the research on microplastics in marine ecosystems, the research and discussion on microplastics in soil ecosystems are still less. Transportation, film mulching and sewage sludge are three main sources of soil microplastics. The abundance, polymer type, size and shape of the microplastics are related to the source and they help to clarify the source. The characteristics of microplastics, farming measures, soil animal activities and other factors promote the migration of microplastics, which bring new challenges to the soil ecosystems and humans. This article summarizes the latest research findings on the effects of soil microplasticity on soil properties, plants, animals and microorganisms. The analysis methods of microplastics in soil can refer to the analysis methods of microplastics of aquatic sediments, because soil and aquatic sediments are similar, both of which are complex solid substrates. At present, the development of analytical methods is limited due to the complex matrix of soil and the small volume of microplastics, which requires continuous development and innovation. Through the summary and analysis of related articles, this article reviews the distribution, sources, migration, influence and analysis methods of soil microplastics. This article also critically analyzes the deficiencies in the studies of microplastics in the soil ecosystems, and made some suggestions for future work. The microplastics in soil ecosystems need further research and summary, which will help people further understand the potential hazards of microplastics.