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The chiral 2 × 2 charge order has been reported and confirmed in the kagome superconductor RbV3Sb5, while its interplay with superconductivity remains elusive owing to its lowest superconducting transition temperature T C of about 0.85 K in the AV3Sb5 family (A = K, Rb, Cs) that severely challenges electronic spectroscopic probes. Here, utilizing dilution-refrigerator-based scanning tunneling microscopy down to 30 mK, we observe chiral 2 × 2 pair density waves with residual Fermi arcs in RbV3Sb5. We find a superconducting gap of 150 μeV with substantial residual in-gap states. The spatial distribution of this gap exhibits chiral 2 × 2 modulations, signaling a chiral pair density wave (PDW). Our quasi-particle interference imaging of the zero-energy residual states further reveals arc-like patterns. We discuss the relation of the gap modulations with the residual Fermi arcs under the space-momentum correspondence between PDW and Bogoliubov Fermi states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chiral 2 × 2 charge order has been reported and confirmed in the kagome superconductor RbV3Sb5, while its interplay with superconductivity remains elusive owing to its lowest superconducting transition temperature T C of about 0.85 K in the AV3Sb5 family (A = K, Rb, Cs) that severely challenges electronic spectroscopic probes. Here, utilizing dilution-refrigerator-based scanning tunneling microscopy down to 30 mK, we observe chiral 2 × 2 pair density waves with residual Fermi arcs in RbV3Sb5. We find a superconducting gap of 150 μeV with substantial residual in-gap states. The spatial distribution of this gap exhibits chiral 2 × 2 modulations, signaling a chiral pair density wave (PDW). Our quasi-particle interference imaging of the zero-energy residual states further reveals arc-like patterns. We discuss the relation of the gap modulations with the residual Fermi arcs under the space-momentum correspondence between PDW and Bogoliubov Fermi states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) has been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana as the receptor mediating responses to UV‐B radiation. However, UVR8‐mediated UV‐B signaling pathways in rice, which possesses two proteins (UVR8a and UVR8b) with high identities to AtUVR8, remain largely unknown. Here, UVR8a/b were found to be predominantly expressed in rice leaves and leaf sheaths, while the levels of UVR8b transcript and UVR8b protein were both higher than those of UVR8a. Compared to wild‐type (WT) plants, uvr8b and uvr8a uvr8b rice mutants exposed to UV‐B showed reduced UV‐B‐induced growth inhibition and upregulation of CHS and HY5 transcripts alongside UV‐B acclimation. However, uvr8a mutant was similar to WT plants and exhibited changes comparable with WT. Overexpressing OsUVR8a/b enhanced UV‐B‐induced growth inhibition and acclimation to UV‐B. UV‐B was able to enhance the interaction between E3 ubiquitin ligase OsCOP1 and OsUVR8a/b, whereas the interaction of the homologous protein of Arabidopsis REPRESSOR OF UV‐B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS2 (AtRUP2) in rice with OsUVR8a/b was independent of UV‐B. Additionally, OsUVR8a/b proteins were also found in the nucleus and cytoplasm even in the absence of UV‐B. The abundance of OsUVR8 monomer showed an invisible change in the leaves of rice seedlings transferred from white light to that supplemented with UV‐B, even though UV‐B was able to weaken the interactions between OsUVR8a and OsUVR8b homo and heterodimers. Therefore, both OsUVR8a and OsUVR8b, which have different localization and response patterns compared with AtUVR8, function in the response of rice to UV‐B radiation, whereas OsUVR8b plays a predominant role in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrical characteristics and microstructures of β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diode (SBD) devices irradiated with swift heavy ions (2096 MeV Ta ions) have been studied. It was found that β-Ga2O3 SBD devices showed the reliability degradation after irradiation, including turn-on voltage Von, on-resistance Ron, ideality factor n, and the reverse leakage current density Jr. In addition, the carrier concentration of the drift layer was decreased significantly and the calculated carrier removal rates were 5 × 106–1.3 × 107 cm−1. Latent tracks induced by swift heavy ions were observed visually in the whole β-Ga2O3 matrix. Furthermore, crystal structure of tracks was amorphized completely. The latent tracks induced by Ta ions bombardments were found to be the reason for the decrease in carrier mobility and carrier concentration. Eventually, these defects caused the degradation of electrical characteristics of the devices. In terms of the carrier removal rates, the β-Ga2O3 SBD devices were more sensitive to swift heavy ions irradiation than SiC and GaN devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Intramedullary nailing (IMN) is a popular method in the management of femoral shaft fractures (FSFs). However, whether the association of IMN with pulmonary fat emboli can compromise the pulmonary and nervous systems is debatable. The purpose of this study is to compare IMN with the locked dual plating (LDP) method by assessing the clinical outcomes of FSF patients with head or chest injury. Method: A total of 126 FSF patients were included in this study between January 2010 and July 2016 and divided into LDP and IMN groups. Patient demographic characteristics, operative time, blood loss, Harris Hip Score, Lysholm Knee Score, radiological outcomes, and systemic complications were collected and compared between the two treatment groups. Patients were followed up for at least 12 months. Results: The LDP group performed better than IMN in terms of operative time, estimated blood loss amount, and malunion rate. Differences in function scores, fracture union rate, overall pulmonary complication rate, and in-hospital mortality between the two groups were not significant. Average radiographic union time was significantly longer in the LDP group (36.3 weeks) than in the IMN group (32.5 weeks). One case of fixation failure occurred postoperatively in the LDP group, whereas one case of fracture nonunion took place in the IMN group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that dual-plating fixation is a promising method for FSFs with multiple injuries. However, the retrospective nature of this study necessitates high-quality trials to be performed to assess the clinical efficiency of dual plating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]