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Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T17:20:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Nitrogen is one of the most limiting nutrients for the development and productivity of corn plants. This generates the need to seek sources of N of high efficiency, since one of the main problems of its use are losses to the environment, especially through volatilization. Therefore, in this study, the objective was to evaluate the production components and the volatilization of N according to the application of sources and increasing doses of nitrogen in corn plants, cultivated in an agricultural area located in the Southern Amazon. Combinations of two nitrogen sources (common urea and urea with urease inhibitor) and five doses of N (0, 65, 130, 195 and 260 kg ha(-1)) were studied with four replications. The doses between 180 to 200 kg ha(-1) of N positively influenced the production components and productivity of corn, regardless of the nitrogen sources used. Urea with urease inhibitor promoted a reduction in ammonia volatilization at doses above 195 kg ha(-1) of N, in a corn cultivation area when compared to conventional urea. Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T17:21:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Senna occidentalis, popularly known as coffee senna in Brazil and regions of South America, is a very problematic weed species both in pasture areas and in annual and perennial crops. Management strategies for this species range from the use of harrows to the practice of cultural management with straw and the use of herbicides. The knowledge of the capacity of this species to emerge from great depths becomes important for the adoption of preventive management strategies. The research aimed to verify at what depth this species emerges in Amazonian soil. It was found that even at 10.0 cm deep, the seedlings managed to emerge and form with the same height as those kept close to the soil surface. For the species, the best depths were between 2.0 and 6.0 cm, indicating that these conditions favor its development. Univ Estado Mato Grosso, Campus Alta Floresta, Alta Floresta, Brazil Univ Estado Mato Grosso, Fac Ciencias Biol & Agr, Campus Alta Floresta, Alta Floresta, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, Brazil

A descoberta das propriedades terapêuticas das plantas é algo antigo, mas para sua utilização, precisa-se identificar as espécies corretamente, e muitas vezes, caracteres morfológicos não são o suficiente. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi diferenciar através da anatomia, histoquímica e fitoquímica três espécies do gênero Ocimum, amplamente utilizadas para produção de remédios naturais. Para tanto, foram coletadas Ocimum basilicum, O. gratissimum e Ocimum campechianum em quintais urbanos no município de Alta Floresta, estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Anatomicamente as espécies Ocimum basilicum e O. gratissimum são similares, enquanto a diferença de O. campechianum se dá pelo número de feixes vasculares e estrutura de raiz. Os testes histoquímicos mostraram a semelhança nos compostos produzidos de potencial medicinal, assim como a fitoquímica revelou a presença de taninos, flavonoides e alcaloides, compostos antioxidantes, expectorantes e anestésicos. A partir dos resultados obtidos, podemos concluir que as espécies possuem anatomia similar assim como a presença de compostos secundários, os quais são tradicionalmente indicados para uso medicinal., https://www.sustenere.co/index.php/rica/article/view/CBPC2179-6858.2020.002.0027

Macroptiliumlathyroidesé uma espécie da família Fabaceae, nativa das Guianas, Brasil e Paraguai. É uma planta ruderal medianamente frequente em quase todo o país, infestando principalmente pomares, beira de estradas, gramados e terrenos baldios. As sementesforam coletadas em lavouras de soja infestadas por esta planta em Batayporã (MS). Posteriormente foram reproduzidas em ambiente protegido pertencente á UNEMAT -Alta Floresta -MT. Buscou-se avaliar o efeito da luz e da temperatura sobre a capacidade germinativa das sementes.Para o ensaio, as sementes foram submetidas à presença e ausência de luz nas temperaturas fixas 20, 25, 30, 35 e 40 oC e alternadas 15/25, 20/30, 25/35 e 25/40 oC. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes. Foram contadas diariamente as sementes germinadas, e no final de 10 dias, determinou-se IVG, percentual germinativo, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento radicular e massa seca. Sementes de M. lathyroides, completam o processo de germinação de forma rápida e uniforme em temperaturas constantes entre 20 e 30 °C, e em temperaturas alternadas entre 15/25, 20/30 e 25/35 ºC. Temperatura de 40 ºC ocasiona atraso neste processo. As sementes desta espécie germinam tanto na presença como em ausência de luminosidade, sendo, portanto, considerada fotoblástica positiva ?preferencial?. Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-03T09:01:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva-etal-2-2020.pdf: 277991 bytes, checksum: 1f15736774c09794f2555dc4ee083e35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a traditional crop in tropical and subtropical regions that is used for human consumption and in animal feed. This studied cassava landraces cultivated in northern Mato Grosso State, Brazil, to detect the variability in family farms, aiming at the preservation and use potential of these genetic resources. A total of 120 M. esculenta individuals were evaluated at the rate of 40 per location (population), where each landrace was represented by 10 plants. The 14 microsatellite markers examined showed genetic diversity. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.621 and the average number of alleles per locus was seven. Genetic diversity parameters indicated that Ho was higher than He for the three populations, showing negative fixation indices and a lack of inbreeding. AMOVA revealed greater molecular variation within the populations (92%). Bayesian analysis and the UPGMA clustering method resulted in two main groups formed with the individuals distributed randomly; i.e., regardless of collection site (location). The gene flow found in this study is a consequence of the introduction and exchange of genetic material (landraces) performed by the farmers, who act on their farms as maintainers of local diversity. Manihot esculenta cultivation in northern Mato Grosso State ensure the on-farm conservation of genetic variability of the species and constitutes a source of genetic resources such as genes of resistance and adaptation, which can be exploited and utilized in breeding programs. Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-21T18:07:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2019eulaliahoogerheidecassavalandracescultivatednorthernMTusingmicrosatellitemarkers.pdf: 330290 bytes, checksum: af6d82300821b34bdbfeb1c9d84fc86f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Brazil is considered one of the domestication centers of cassava (Manihot esculenta), containing a large part of the biological diversity and traditional knowledge of the species. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of cassava landraces grown by farmers in the north of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. The study was carried out in the municipality of Alta Floresta, MT, on farms located in two rural areas. Seventeen cassava landraces were selected. The DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction amplifications were performed using 15 ISSR primers. Genetic similarity estimates were calculated using Jaccard?s index and the generated matrix was used for clustering the genotypes by using UPGMA and Tocher?s methods. The 15 ISSR primers amplified 120 fragments, revealing 61.67% polymorphism. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.04 to 0.61, averaging 0.39. The most similar genotypes were AF5 and AF8, whereas the least similar were AF1 and AF16. The UPGMA clustering method formed five groups. Group I included twelve landraces, Group II contained two, and the other groups contained one landrace each. Tocher?s method resulted in six groups: 12 landraces clustered in one group, and the other groups each contained one landrace. The ISSR markers proved efficient in revealing genetic diversity among the cassava landraces. The landraces grown by farmers in the two rural areas of Alta Floresta have a great variability and, thus, can be exploited in programs for breeding and preservation of the species.