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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on vestibular system. In addition, in this study we aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of vaccination on the vestibular system in people who recovered Covid-19. Materials and Methods: Totally, 77 subjects were divided into four groups, and evaluated using computerized dynamic posturography (CDP), vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) and video head impulse test (v-HIT). The groups were as follows; Group 1; who had SARS-CoV-2 infection at least one year ago and have not been vaccinated at all. Group 2; who had SARS-CoV-2 infection at least one year ago and were vaccinated 5 times (2 doses of Sinovac and 3 doses of Biontech). Group 3; who had no known SARS-CoV-2 infection, and were vaccinated 5 times (2 doses of Sinovac and 3 doses of Biontech). Group 4; who had no known SARS-CoV-2 infection, and have not been vaccinated at all. Results: The SOT values of (Covid-Vaccine-) group were better than the (Covid+Vaccine-) group (p=0.001), and no other significant difference was found between the groups (p>0.05). The v-HIT gains of the groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). On o-VEMPs, there was elongation in the N1 and P1 latencies in (Covid+Vaccine-) group compared to (Covid-Vaccine+) group. The amplitudes decreased in (Covid+Vaccine-) compared to (Covid-Vaccine-) (p<0.05). According to c-VEMP results, vaccination led to elongation in the P1 latencies and increased the P1-N1 amplitudes (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and vaccination may impact on vestibular system. The impact of vaccination seems on the saccule level. However, vaccination may limit or diminish the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on equilibrium, possibly by facilitating the central compensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The auditory brainstem response (ABR) test is usually applied during natural sleep, but it can also be conducted under anesthesia. This retrospective study aimed to compare the ABR findings of a general anesthesia group and a control group that underwent ABR test during natural sleep. Methods: The anesthesia group consisted of 42 (mean age 44.5±20.3 months) children, and the control group included 58 children (36.1±16.1 months). The results of the click ABR test of the two groups were compared in terms of amplitude, latency, interpeak latencies, and hearing thresholds. Results: The amplitudes of waves III and V were significantly decreased in the general anesthesia group compared with that in the control group. The ABR latencies of waves I and V and the interpeak latencies for I-V and III-V were prolonged in the anesthesia group compared with that in the control group. Moreover, the click threshold obtained in the anesthesia group was significantly higher than those of the control group. Conclusions: Clinicians and audiologists should advise families to know the effects of general anesthesia on ABR and be cautious in interpreting the results obtained in ABR test performed under anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foreign body lodgement in the larynx is a rare situation. Our review of the literature revealed no living foreign body in larynx except for laryngeal leeches and anisakiasis. In this article, we report a patient with unusual laryngeal foreign body lodgement: a bee which presented with sudden odynophagia and stinging sensation in throat. The bee was detected on the laryngeal mucosa in indirect laryngoscopic examination and removed immediately under general anesthesia in apneic period. In this case report, we describe the importance of detailed anamnesis and laryngeal examination even if the patient has no severe symptoms.