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Various nanofluids (NFs) have been prepared using nanoparticles (NPs) for dual fuel engine application in this present work. In the initial segment of the work, the NF's are prepared using aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3). Further, nanoparticles were blended with diary scum oil methyl ester (DiSOME) in the mass fraction of 10–30 ppm in steps of 10, with the assistance of a mechanically operated conventional homogenizer and an ultrasonicator. In the next segment of the work, Al2O3 NP's effect on the characteristics of ignition and engine outgas levels of a single cylinder four strokes direct injection diesel engine functioning on dual fuel mode using DiSOME and producer gas (PG) has been investigated. Engine testing showed that experiments with Al2O3 based NF and PG operation resulted in 11.5% amplified brake thermal efficiency, 23.2% reduction in smoke, 18.2–21.4% reduction in hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, while more significant nitric oxide (NOx) levels by 32.6% were achieved than the same fuel combination excluded NP's at 80% load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work agricultural waste-based coconut biomass and compressed agricultural waste derived from brown briquette were used for generation of gas in a downdraft gasifier. Its subsequent combustion takes place in a modified diesel engine using rice bran oil (RiOME) biodiesel injected in bi-fuel mode. For the injected pilot fuel, producer gas operation with coconut biomass derived fuel has improved liquid fuel saving. Downdraft gasifier was integrated with four stroke DI water cooled 5.2 kW CI engine at 1500 rpm speed. Experimentation results showed that for the gasifier- engine system coconut biomass derived gas with diesel based dual fuel operation results in 9.05% higher BTE. RiOME-producer gas (CNS) operation showed 16.1% decrease in EGT and 12.1% reduction in NOx emission compared to diesel based dual fuel operation. NOx emissions for the RiOME based engine operation were found to be lower than the diesel based operation. However, the smoke, HC and CO emissions were higher. Diesel fuel saving about 56% was achieved by diesel and producer gas (CNS) dual fuel operation and 100% biofuel utilization in RiOME -producer gas bi-fuel mode of operation was achieved. Further, heat release rates and cylinder pressure for RiOME producer gas (CNS) was marginally lesser than diesel operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conventional diesel fuels are depleting at a faster pace. To reduce the burden on the economy, the reserves and sources for future has to be limited. The use of biodiesel derivatives from various sources and its blends in diesel engine has gained more importance in recent years. The present work investigates the feasibility of using dairy scum methyl esters (DSOME) of B20 blend in a modified single cylinder of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine at a constant speed. Experiments were carried out at different injection timings from 25° BTDC to 5° ATDC with constant injection pressure as 600 bar. The fuel injection timing plays an important role in evaluating the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of the engine. The results show that the performance is improved with retarded injection timings compared to the operation of single cylinder DI engine fuelled with DSOME B20 biodiesel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this present work, performance and emission levels have been investigated using renewable and sustainable fuels derived from different agricultural residues. For the same injected pilot fuel, producer gas operation with redgram stalk (RGS) derived fuel provided improved liquid fuel saving. Downdraft gasifier was integrated with 4 stroke direct injection water cooled 5.2 kW CI engine at 1500 rpm and run under dual fuel mode using diesel/honge oil methyl ester (HOME)-producer gas. Experimental investigation showed that the gasifier-engine system with diesel-RGS derived producer gas dual fuel operation results in 13.05% higher brake thermal efficiency. Diesel-producer gas (RGS) operation showed the 16.1% decreased exhaust gas temperature and the 12.1% higher nitric oxide (NOx) emission compared to HOME based dual fuel operation. NOx emissions for the HOME based engine operation were found to be lower than the diesel based operation; however, the smoke, hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide emissions were higher. Diesel fuel saving about 56% was achieved by diesel-producer gas (RGS) dual fuel operation and 100% biofuel utilization in HOME-producer gas dual fuel operation. Further, cylinder pressure and heat release rates for HOME-producer gas (RGS) were marginally lesser than the diesel based operation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]