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1. Who Is Alyx? A new Behavioral Biometric Dataset for User Identification in XR

Author

Rack, Christian, Fernando, Tamara, Yalcin, Murat, Hotho, Andreas, and Latoschik, Marc Erich

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

This article presents a new dataset containing motion and physiological data of users playing the game "Half-Life: Alyx". The dataset specifically targets behavioral and biometric identification of XR users. It includes motion and eye-tracking data captured by a HTC Vive Pro of 71 users playing the game on two separate days for 45 minutes. Additionally, we collected physiological data from 31 of these users. We provide benchmark performances for the task of motion-based identification of XR users with two prominent state-of-the-art deep learning architectures (GRU and CNN). After training on the first session of each user, the best model can identify the 71 users in the second session with a mean accuracy of 95% within 2 minutes. The dataset is freely available under https://github.com/cschell/who-is-alyx

Published
2023
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4. Investigation of the Relationship between Plasma Nesfatin-1 Levels and Neutering in Dogs.

Author

Guvenc-Bayram, Gokcen, Semen, Zeynep, and Yalcin, Murat

Subjects
FEMALE dogs, HUMAN sexuality, METABOLIC regulation, NEUTERING, CASTRATION
Abstract

Simple Summary: Neutering, which includes orchiectomy for males and ovariohysterectomy for females, is a common practice in dogs to control populations and prevent health issues. Despite its benefits, neutering can lead to hormonal changes that may contribute to a tendency toward obesity over time. Our study investigated how neutering in both female and male dogs affects hormones involved in metabolism and appetite regulation, specifically nesfatin-1, serotonin, dopamine, TSH, and T4. We observed that neutering decreased levels of nesfatin-1, serotonin, and T4, and increased TSH levels in both genders. These hormonal changes could be part of a mechanism contributing to the higher risk of obesity observed in neutered dogs in the long term. Neutering of dogs, whether male or female, provides various benefits such as contraception, population control, and the prevention of reproductive disorders and undesirable sexual behaviors. However, it is also associated with an increased risk of obesity, which may be directly linked to post-neutering hormonal changes. Our study aims to determine the effects of neutering on plasma levels of nesfatin-1, serotonin, dopamine, TSH, and T4—hormones implicated in obesity and metabolic regulation. Fourteen dogs (seven males and seven females), aged between 1 and 3 years, were included in this study. Male dogs underwent orchiectomy and females underwent ovariohysterectomy. Blood samples were collected before surgery and on days 7 and 14 post-operatively to measure the plasma levels of these hormones using ELISA. The results showed a significant decrease in nesfatin-1, serotonin, and T4 levels, along with a significant increase in TSH levels in both male and female dogs post-neutering. While these hormonal changes are likely part of the body's adaptive response to neutering, they may represent a potential mechanism that contributes to the long-term tendency toward obesity in neutered dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Automatic cybersickness detection by deep learning of augmented physiological data from off-the-shelf consumer-grade sensors.

Author

Yalcin, Murat, Halbig, Andreas, Fischbach, Martin, and Latoschik, Marc Erich

Subjects
SIMULATOR sickness, DEEP learning, CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks, DATA augmentation, SUPPORT vector machines, VIRTUAL reality
Abstract

Cybersickness is still a prominent risk factor potentially affecting the usability of virtual reality applications. Automated real-time detection of cybersickness promises to support a better general understanding of the phenomena and to avoid and counteract its occurrence. It could be used to facilitate application optimization, that is, to systematically link potential causes (technical development and conceptual design decisions) to cybersickness in closedloop user-centered development cycles. In addition, it could be used to monitor, warn, and hence safeguard users against any onset of cybersickness during a virtual reality exposure, especially in healthcare applications. This article presents a novel real-time-capable cybersickness detection method by deep learning of augmented physiological data. In contrast to related preliminary work, we are exploring a unique combination of mid-immersion ground truth elicitation, an unobtrusive wireless setup, and moderate training performance requirements. We developed a proof-of-concept prototype to compare (combinations of) convolutional neural networks, long short-term memory, and support vector machines with respect to detection performance. We demonstrate that the use of a conditional generative adversarial networkbased data augmentation technique increases detection performance significantly and showcase the feasibility of real-time cybersickness detection in a genuine application example. Finally, a comprehensive performance analysis demonstrates that a four-layered bidirectional long short-term memory network with the developed data augmentation delivers superior performance (91.1% F1- score) for real-time cybersickness detection. To encourage replicability and reuse in future cybersickness studies, we released the code and the dataset as publicly available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Atrasentan and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (SONAR): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Elbert, Alicia, Vallejos, Augusto, Alvarisqueta, Andres, Maffei, Laura, Juncos, Luis, de Arteaga, Javier, Greloni, Gustavo, Farias, Eduardo, Zucchini, Alfredo, Vogel, Daniel, Cusumano, Ana, Santos, Juan, Fraenkel, Margaret, Gallagher, Martin, Davis, Tim, Acharya, Shamasunder, Cooke, Duncan, Suranyi, Michael, Roger, Simon, Toussaint, Nigel, Pollock, Carol, Chan, Doris, Stranks, Stephen, MacIsaac, Richard, Endre, Zoltan, Schmidt, Alice, Prager, Rudolf, Mayer, Gert, Warling, Xavier, Jadoul, Michel, Hougardy, Jean, Vercammen, Chris, Van Vlem, Bruno, Gillard, Pieter, Costa e Forti, Adriana, Borges, Joao Lindolfo, Santos Canani, Luis, Eliaschewitz, Freddy, Leite, Silmara, Fraige Filho, Fadlo, Paschoalin, Raphael, Moura Neto, Jose Andrade, Deboni, Luciane, de Lourdes Noronha, Irene, Cercato, Cintia, Prompt, Carlos Alberto, Zanella, Maria, Rassi, Nelson, D'Avila, Domingos, Milagres, Rosangela, Felicio, Joao, Pecoits Filho, Roberto, Riella, Miguel Carlos, Salles, Joao, Keitel, Elizete, Draibe, Sergio, Amodeo, Celso, Youmbissi, Joseph, Roy, Louise, Cournoyer, Serge, Jolly, Shivinder, Pichette, Vincent, Nesrallah, Gihad, Bajaj, Harpreet Singh, Khandwala, Hasnain, Aronson, Ronnie, Goluch, Richard, Tam, Paul, Rabbat, Christian, Tobe, Sheldon, Bailey, Gordon, Chow, Stephen, Castillo, Alvaro, Danin Vargas, Alfredo, Gonzalez, Fernando, Munoz, Rodrigo, Gutierrez, Vicente, Godoy, Gonzalo, Zhao, Hongwen, Liu, Zhangsuo, Zhao, Minghui, Guo, Xiaohui, Su, Benli, Fu, Shuxia, Xu, Yan, Yang, Jinkui, Shi, Bingyin, Xiao, Guanqing, Shi, Wei, Hao, Chuanming, Xing, Changying, Hou, Fanfan, Luo, Qun, Li, Yuxiu, Ji, Linong, Zuo, Li, Wang, Song, Ni, Zhaohui, Ding, Guohua, Chen, Nan, Zhao, Jiajun, Jia, Weiping, Yu, Shengqiang, Weng, Jian, Xu, Gang, Fu, Ping, Sun, Shiren, Liu, Bicheng, Ding, Xiaoqiang, Rychlik, Ivan, Oplustilova, Alexandra, Bartaskova, Dagmar, Honova, Vaclava, Chmelickova, Hana, Petr, Martin, Bucek, Petr, Tesar, Vladimir, Zahumensky, Emil, Povlsen, Johan, Egstrup, Kenneth, Oczachowska-Kulik, Anna, Rossing, Peter, Lahtela, Jorma, Strand, Jorma, Kantola, Ilkka, Petit, Catherine, Combe, Christian, Zaoui, Philippe, Esnault, Vincent, Urena Torres, Pablo, Halimi, Jean-Michel, Dussol, Bertrand, Bieler, Tasso, Budde, Klemens, Dellanna, Frank, Segiet, Thomas, Kosch, Christine, Schmidt-Guertler, Hans, Schenkenberger, Isabelle, Vielhauer, Volker, Pistrosch, Frank, Alscher, Mark, Hasslacher, Christoph, Hugo, Christian, Muehlfeld, Anja, Wanner, Christoph, Passadakis, Ploumis, Apostolou, Theofanis, Tentolouris, Nikolaos, Stefanidis, Ioannis, Mavromatidis, Konstantinos, Liakopoulos, Vasilios, Goumenos, Dimitrios, Siamopoulos, Konstantinos, Yeung, Vincent, Ozaki, Risa, Fung, Samuel, Tan, Kathryn, Tang, Sydney, Lui, Sing Leung, Cheung, Siu Fai, Sreenan, Seamus, Eustace, Joseph, O'Shea, Donal, Lavin, Peter, Stack, Austin, Yagil, Yoram, Wainstein, Julio, Knobler, Hilla, Cohen, Josef, Kenis, Irina, Daoud, Deeb, Bar-Dayan, Yosefa, Frajewicki, Victor, Adawi, Faiad, Gesualdo, Loreto, Santoro, Domenico, Marino, Francesco, Galfre, Andrea, Brunati, Chiara, Ruggenenti, Piero, Rombola, Giuseppe, Pugliese, Giuseppe, Ravera, Maura, Malberti, Fabio, Pontoriero, Giuseppe, Rampino, Teresa, De Cosmo, Salvatore, Esposito, Ciro, Nappi, Felice, Abaterusso, Cataldo, Conte, Giuseppe, Panichi, Vincenzo, Lauro, Davide, Capasso, Giovambattista, Russo, Domenico, Anzai, Jiichi, Naka, Motoji, Ato, Keita, Tsujimoto, Tetsuro, Nimura, Toshinori, Nakashima, Eitaro, Takeda, Tetsuro, Fujii, Shinya, Kobayashi, Kunihisa, Iwaoka, Hideaki, Nagayama, Koji, Harada, Hiroyuki, Maeda, Hajime, Kishimoto, Rui, Iitsuka, Tadashi, Itabashi, Naoki, Furuya, Ryuichi, Maeda, Yoshitaka, Yamada, Daishiro, Sasaki, Nobuhiro, Sasaki, Hiromitsu, Ueda, Shinichiro, Kashihara, Naoki, Watanabe, Shuichi, Nakamura, Takehiro, Kanai, Hidetoshi, Makita, Yuichiro, Ono, Keiko, Iehara, Noriyuki, Goto, Daisuke, Kosuge, Keiichiro, Tsuchida, Kenichi, Sato, Toshiaki, Sekikawa, Takashi, Okamoto, Hideki, Tanaka, Tsuyoshi, Ikeda, Naoko, Tadika, Takenobu, Mukasa, Koji, Osonoi, Takeshi, Hirano, Fuminori, Nishimura, Motonobu, Yambe, Yuko, Tanaka, Yukio, Ujihara, Makoto, Sakai, Takashi, Imura, Mitsuo, Umayahara, Yutaka, Makino, Shinya, Nakazawa, Jun, Yamaguchi, Yukinari, Kashine, Susumu, Miyaoka, Hiroaki, Suzuki, Katsunori, Inoue, Toshihiko, Nagai, Sou, Sato, Nobuyuki, Yamamoto, Masahiro, Taya, Noriyasu, Fujita, Akira, Matsutani, Akira, Shibagaki, Yugo, Sato, Yuichi, Yamauchi, Akira, Tsutsui, Masahiro, Ishiko, Tamayo, Kaneko, Shizuka, Azuma, Nobuyuki, Matsuda, Hirofumi, Hashiguchi, Yasuhiro, Onishi, Yukiko, Tokui, Mikiya, Matsuhisa, Munehide, Kiyosue, Arihiro, Shinoda, Junji, Ishikawa, Kazuo, Ahmad, Ghazali, Vijayasingham, Shalini, Aziz, Nor Azizah, Hussein, Zanariah, Fung, Yin Khet, Hassan, Wan Hasnul Halimi Wan, Wong, Hin Seng, Goh, Bak Leong, Ali, Norhaliza Mohd, Merican, Nor Shaffinaz Yusuf Azmi, Vaithilingam, Indralingam, Nik Ahmad, Nik Nur Fatnoon, Adam, Noor, Sukor, Norlela, Vengadasalam, V Paranthaman P, Abdul Kadir, Khalid, Mohamed, Mafauzy, Renoirte Lopez, Karina, Leguizamo-Dimas, Aniceto, Chew Wong, Alfredo, Chevaile-Ramos, Jose, Gonzalez Gonzalez, Jose, Rico Hernandez, Raul, Nino-Cruz, Jose, Sauque Reyna, Leobardo, Gonzalez-Galvez, Guillermo, Madero Rovalo, Magdalena, Bochicchio-Ricardelli, Tomasso, Aldrete, Jorge, Carranza-Madrigal, Jaime, Vogt, Liffert, Smak Gregoor, Peter, Barendregt, JNM, Luik, Peter, Gansevoort, Ronald, Laverman, Gozewijn, Pilmore, Helen, Lunt, Helen, Baker, John, Miller, Steven, Rabindranath, Kannaiyan, Zapata-Rincon, Luis, Vargas-Gonzales, Rolando, Calderon Ticona, Jorge, Dextre Espinoza, Augusto, Burga Nunez, Jose, Zea-Nunez, Carlos Antonio, Herrada Orue, Benjamin, Medina-Santander, Boris, Delgado-Butron, Cesar, Farfan-Aspilcueta, Julio, Mazur, Stanislaw, Necki, Miroslaw, Wruk, Michal, Klodawska, Katarzyna, Popenda, Grazyna, Skokowska, Ewa, Arciszewska, Malgorzata, Wiecek, Andrzej, Ciechanowski, Kazimierz, Nowicki, Michal, Birne, Rita, Cabrita, Antonio, Ramos, Aura, Antunes Ferreira, Manuel Anibal, Matta Fontanet, Evelyn, Alcantara-Gonzalez, Altagracia Aurora, Comulada-Rivera, Angel, Galindo Ramos, Eugenia, Cangiano, Jose, Quesada-Suarez, Luis, Calderon Ortiz, Ricardo, Vazquez-Tanus, Jose, Burgos-Calderon, Rafael, Rosado, Carlos, Hancu, Nicolae, Pintilei, Ella, Mistodie, Cristina, Bako, Gabriel, Ionutiu, Lavinia, Petrica, Ligia, Timar, Romulus, Tuta, Liliana, Duma, Livia, Tutescu, Adriana, Ivanova, Svetlana, Essaian, Ashot, Zrazhevskiy, Konstantin, Tomilina, Natalia, Smolyarchuk, Elena, Kuzin, Anatoly, Lantseva, Olga, Karpova, Irina, Shamkhalova, Minara, Liberanskaya, Natalia, Yavdosyuk, Andrey, Shvarts, Yuri, Bardymova, Tatiana, Blagoveshchenskaya, Olga, Solovev, Oleg, Rechkova, Elena, Pikalova, Natalia, Pavlova, Maria, Kolmakova, Elena, Sayfutdinov, Rustam, Villevalde, Svetlana, Koziolova, Natalya, Martynenko, Vladimir, Marasaev, Vyacheslav, Maksudova, Adelya, Sigitova, Olga, Mordovin, Viktor, Klimontov, Vadim, Samoylova, Yulia, Karonova, Tatiana, Yeoh, Lee Ying, Teo, Boon Wee, Foo, Marjorie Wai Yin, Liew, Adrian, Tkac, Ivan, Oroszova, Aniko, Fekete, Jozef, Rosenberger, Jaroslav, Obetkova, Ida, Fulopova, Alla, Kolesarova, Eva, Raslova, Katarina, Smolko, Peter, Oksa, Adrian, Distiller, Larry, Trokis, Julien, Adams, Luthando, Makan, Hemant, Ramlachan, Padaruth, Mitha, Essack, Coetzee, Kathleen, Punt, Zelda, Bhorat, Qasim, Naiker, Puvenesvari, Ellis, Graham, Van Zyl, Louis, Lee, Kwan Woo, Kim, Min Seon, Yoo, Soon-Jib, Yoon, Kun Ho, Cho, Yong-Wook, Park, Tae-Sun, Kim, Sang Yong, Choi, Moon-Gi, Oh, Tae Keun, Lee, Kang-Wook, Shon, Ho Sang, Suh, Sung Hwan, Kim, Byung-Joon, Doo-Man, Kim, Yi, Joo Hark, Lee, Sang Ah, Cho, Ho Chan, Kim, Sin-Gon, Cha, Dae-Ryong, Seo, Ji A, Choi, Kyung Mook, Woo, Jeong-Taek, Ahn, Kyu Jeung, Lee, Jae Hyuk, Kim, In-Joo, Lee, Moon-Kyu, Jang, Hak Chul, Park, Kyong-Soo, Kim, Beom Seok, Mok, Ji Oh, Shin, Mijung, Yoon, Sun Ae, Nam-Goong, Il-Seong, Chung, Choon Hee, Yu, Tae Yang, Lee, Hyoung Woo, Soto Gonzalez, Alfonso, Almirall, Jaume, Egido, Jesus, Calero Gonzalez, Francesca, Fernandez Fresnedo, Gema, Valera Cortes, Ildefonso, Praga Terente, Manuel, Garcia Mendez, Isabel, Navarro Gonzalez, Juan, Herrero Calvo, Jose, Cigarran Guldris, Secundino, Prieto Velasco, Mario, Minguela Pesquera, Jose Ignacio, Galan, Antonio, Pascual, Julio, Marques Vidas, Maria, Martins Munoz, Judith, Rodriguez-Perez, Jose, Castro-Alonso, Cristina, Bonet Sol, Josep, Seron, Daniel, Fernandez Giraldez, Elvira, Arrieta Lezama, Javier, Montero, Nuria, Hernandez-Jaras, Julio, Santamaria Olmo, Rafael, Molas Coten, Jose Ramon, Hellberg, Olof, Fellstrom, Bengt, Bock, Andreas, Pei, Dee, Lin, Ching-Ling, Tien, Kai-Jen, Chen, Ching-Chu, Huang, Chien-Ning, Jiang, Ju-Ying, Wu, Du-An, Chu, Chih-Hsun, Tseng, Shih-Ting, Chen, Jung-Fu, Bau, Cho-Tsan, Sheu, Wayne, Wu, Mai-Szu, Sari, Ramazan, Sezer, Siren, Yildiz, Alaattin, Satman, Ilhan, Kalender, Betul, Mankovskyy, Borys, Fushtey, Ivan, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Kolenyk, Mykola, Dudar, Iryna, Zolotaikina, Viktoriia, Abrahamovych, Orest, Kostynenko, Tetyana, Petrosyan, Olena, Kuskalo, Petro, Galushchak, Olga, Legun, Oleg, Topchii, Ivan, Martynyuk, Liliya, Stryzhak, Vasyl, Panina, Svitlana, Tkach, Sergii, Korpachev, Vadym, Maxwell, Peter, Gnudi, Luigi, Kon, Sui Phin, Tindall, Hilary, Kalra, Phillip, Mark, Patrick, Patel, Dipesh, El-Shahawy, Mohamed, Bai, Liqun, Nica, Romanita, Lien, Yeong-Hau, Menefee, Judson, Busch, Robert, Miller, Alan, Ahmed, Azazuddin, Arif, Ahmed, Lee, Joseph, Desai, Sachin, Bansal, Shweta, Bentsianov, Marie, Belledonne, Mario, Jere, Charles, Gaona, Raul, Greenwood, Gregory, Brusco, Osvaldo, Boiskin, Mark, Belo, Diogo, Minasian, Raffi, Atray, Naveen, Lawrence, Mary, Taliercio, John, Pergola, Pablo, Scott, David, Alvarez, German, Marder, Bradley, Powell, Thomas, Bakdash, Wa'el, Stoica, George, McFadden, Christopher, Rendell, Marc, Wise, Jonathan, Jones, Audrey, Jardula, Michael, Madu, Ivy-Joan, Varghese, Freemu, Tulloch, Brian, Ahmed, Ziauddin, Hames, Melanie, Nazeer, Imran, Shahid, Newman, John, Rekha, Montero, Manuel, Fitz-Patrick, David, Phillips, Lawrence, Guasch, Antonio, Christofides, Elena, Gundroo, Aijaz, Amin, Mohammad, Bowman-Stroud, Cynthia, Link, Michael, Mulloy, Laura, Nammour, Michael, Lalwani, Tarik, Hanson, Lenita, Whaley-Connell, Adam, Herman, Lee, Chatha, Rupi, Osama, Sayed, Liss, Kenneth, Kayali, Zeid, Bhargava, Anuj, Israel, Ezra, Peguero-Rivera, Alfredo, Fang, Michael, Slover, Judith, Barengolts, Elena, Flores, Jose, Muoneke, Rosemary, Savin, Virginia, Awua-Larbi, Stella, Levine, Andrew, Newman, George, Golestaneh, Laden, Bohm, Guillermo, Reisin, Efrain, Cruz, Lucita, Weiss, Robert, Zieve, Franklin, Horwitz, Edward, Chuang, Peale, Mersey, James, Manley, John, Graf, Ronald, Bedros, Fadi, Joshi, Sudhir, Frias, Juan, Assefi, Ali, O'Shaughnessy, Andrew, Brantley, Roman, Minga, Todd, Tietjen, David, Kantor, Samuel, Jamal, Aamir, Guadiz, Ramon, Hershon, Kenneth, Bressler, Peter, Kopyt, Nelson, Cathcart, Harold, Bloom, Scott, Reichel, Ronald, Nakhle, Samer, Dulude, Emily, Tarkan, Joshua, Baker, Penelope, Zeig, Steven, Moya Hechevarria, Jaynier, Ropero-Cartier, Armando, De la Calle, Gilda, Doshi, Ankur, Saba, Fadi, Sligh, Teresa, Shaw, Sylvia, Kumar, Jayant, Szerlip, Harold, Bayliss, George, Perlman, Alan, Sakhrani, Lakhi, Gouge, Steven, Argoud, Georges, Acosta, Idalia, Elder, John, Joshi, Sucharit, Sensenbrenner, John, Vicks, Steven, Mangoo-Karim, Roberto, Galphin, Claude, Leon-Forero, Carlos, Gilbert, John, Brown, Eric, Ijaz, Adeel, Butt, Salman, Markell, Mariana, Arauz-Pacheco, Carlos, Sloan, Lance, Alvarado, Odilon, Jabbour, Serge, Simon, Eric, Rastogi, Anjay, James, Sam, Bakris, George, Hall, Karen, Melish, John, Dixon, Brad, Adolphe, Allen, Kovesdy, Csaba, Beddhu, Srinivasan, Solomon, Richard, Fernando, Ronald, Levin, Ellis, Thakar, Charuhas, Robey, Brooks, Goldfarb, David, Fried, Linda, Maddukuri, Geetha, Thomson, Stephen, Annand, Andrew, Kronfli, Saeed, Kalirao, Paramjit, Schmidt, Rebecca, Dahl, Neera, Blumenthal, Samuel, Weinstein, Debra, Ostergaard, Ove, Weinstein, Talia, Ono, Yasuhiro, Yalcin, Murat, Karim, Shahana, Heerspink, Hiddo J L, Parving, Hans-Henrik, Andress, Dennis L, Correa-Rotter, Ricardo, Hou, Fan-Fan, Kitzman, Dalane W, Kohan, Donald, Makino, Hirofumi, McMurray, John J V, Melnick, Joel Z, Miller, Michael G, Pergola, Pablo E, Perkovic, Vlado, Yi, Tingting, Wigderson, Melissa, and de Zeeuw, Dick

Published
2019
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27. Correction: Block et al. Fluorinated Analogs of Organosulfur Compounds from Garlic (Allium sativum): Synthesis, Chemistry and Anti-Angiogenesis and Antithrombotic Studies. Molecules 2017, 22, 2081

Author

Block, Eric, primary, Bechand, Benjamin, additional, Gundala, Sivaji, additional, Vattekkatte, Abith, additional, Wang, Kai, additional, Mousa, Shaymaa S., additional, Godugu, Kavitha, additional, Yalcin, Murat, additional, and Mousa, Shaker A., additional

Published
2023
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37. List of contributors

Author

Taleb, Maii Abu, primary, Bharali, Dhruba J., additional, Darwish, Noureldien H.E., additional, Davis, Paul J., additional, Leinung, Matthew, additional, Mousa, Shaker A., additional, Muralidharan-Chari, Vandhana, additional, Rajabi, Mehdi, additional, Ribatti, Domenico, additional, Sudha, Thangirala, additional, Vacca, Angelo, additional, and Yalcin, Murat, additional

Published
2017
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45. Activation of the central histaminergic system mediates arachidonic-acid-induced cardiovascular effects

Author

Altinbas, Burcin, Topuz, Bora Burak, ilhan, Tuncay, Yilmaz, Mustafa Sertac, Erdost, Hatice, and Yalcin, Murat

Subjects
Arachidonic acid -- Health aspects, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Immunohistochemistry -- Research, Histamine -- Health aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The aim of this study was to explain the involvement of the central histaminergic system in arachidonic acid (AA)-induced cardiovascular effects in normotensive rats using hemodynamic, immunohistochemistry, and microdialysis studies. Intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) administered AA (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 p.mol) induced dose- and time-dependent increases in mean arterial pressure and decreased heart rate in conscious normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats. Central injection of AA (0.5 p.mol) also increased posterior hypothalamic extracellular histamine levels and produced strong COX-1 but not COX-2 immunoreactivity in the posterior hypothalamus of rats. Moreover, the cardiovascular effects and COX-1 immunoreactivity in the posterior hypothalamus induced by AA (0.5 p.mol; i.c.v.) were almost completely blocked by the H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine (50 and 100 nmol; i.c.v.) and partially blocked by the H1 receptor blocker chlorpheniramine (100 nmol; i.c.v.) and the H3-H4 receptor antagonist thioperamide (50 and 100 nmol; i.c.v.). In conclusion, these results indicate that centrally administered AA induces pressor and bradycardic responses in conscious rats. Moreover, we suggest that AA may activate histaminergic neurons and increase extracellular histamine levels, particularly in the posterior hypothalamus. Acting as a neurotransmitter, histamine is potentially involved in AA-induced cardiovascular effects under normotensive conditions. Key words: brain arachidonic acid, mean arterial pressure and heart rate, central histaminergic system, microdialysis, cyclooxygenase immunohistochemistry. Le but de la presente etude consistait a expliquer l'implication du systeme central histaminergique dans les effets induits par l'acide arachidonique (AA) sur le systeme cardiovasculaire chez des rats normotendus, par des analyses hemodynamiques, par immunohistochimie et par microdialyse. L'AA (0,25, 0,5 et 1,0 pmol) administre par voie intra-cerebro-ventriculaire (i.c.v.) induisait une augmentation de la pression arterielle moyenne et diminuait le rythme cardiaque chez des rats SpragueDawley normotendus conscients et ce, de maniere dependante de la dose et du temps. Une injection centrale d'AA (0,5 p.mol) accroissait aussi les niveaux extracellulaires d'histamine dans la region hypothalamique posterieure, et produisait un forte immunoreactivite envers COX-1, contrairement a COX-2, dans l'hypothalamus posterieur. De plus, les effets sur le systeme cardiovasculaire induits par l'AA etaient presque completement bloques par la ranitidine (50 et 100 nmol; i.c.v.), un antagoniste du recepteur H2, et partiellement bloques par la chlorpheniramine (100 nmol; i.c.v.), un bloqueur du recepteur H1, et la thioperamide (50 et 100 nmol; i.c.v.), un antagoniste des recepteurs H3-H4. En conclusion, ces resultats indiquent que l'AA administre centralement induit des reponses vasopressives et bradycardiques chez les rats conscients. De plus, les auteurs suggerent que l'AA pourrait activer les neurones histaminergiques et augmenter les niveaux extracellulaires d'histamine, particulierement dans l'hypothalamus posterieur. Agissant comme neurotransmetteur, l'histamine est potentiellement impliquee dans les effets induits par l'AA sur le systeme cardiovasculaire en conditions normotensives. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : acide arachidonique cerebral, pression arterielle moyenne et rythme cardiaque, systeme histaminergique central, microdialyse, immunohistochimie de la cyclooxygenase., Introduction Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that exists in the phospholipids of cellular membranes and is found in abundant concentrations in the brain. AA enters the cyclooxygenase [...]

Published
2014

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