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2. T-Cell Mediated Immune Responses in Obstetric Population Acutely Infected With Toxoplasmosis in Kano, Nigeria

Author

Ibrahim, A.,, Kumurya, A. S., Yahaya, H.,, Abdu, A.,, Ado, B. K.,, Ella, E. E., Suleiman, A. B., Sulaiman, M. A., Aminu, M. A, and Koki, A. Y.

Subjects
Toxoplasmosis, IgM, CD4, Cytokines, Kano, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii which is endemic worldwide.. There is paucity of reports on the immunological responses of pregnant women to toxoplasmosis in Kano. This study was carried to determine T-cell mediated immune responses in pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis in Kano and factors associated with seropositivity. A total of 320 blood samples were collected and assayed for anti- Toxoplasma gondii Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody using ELISA test kit. Samples were assayed for CD4, CD8, using BDFACSCount and the cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-ϒ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using ELISA test kits while differential leucocytes count was carried out microscopically by Leishman staining technique. The IgM seroprevalence was 24(7.5%) and 296(92.5%) were negative. Associated risk factors were cat ownership and consumption of unwashed vegetables (p values = 0.0014 and 0.001 respectively). Mean CD4, CD8, CD4:CD8 and differential count were within normal range for the study subjects with no statistically significant relationship across trimesters. IFN-ϒ and TNF-α were elevated. Moderate eosinophilia appeared with statistically significant relationship between lymphocyte and neutrophil counts across trimesters ( p value = 0.0278). The immunomodulatory effect of pregnancy does not classically suppress T-cell mediated immune responses as our findings revealed normal but slightly reduced distribution of CD4 and CD8 cell counts with elevated IFN- ϒ and TNF-α. The findings revealed the immune status of the study subjects, as slightly modulated, nonetheless, it is urgent to offer adequate health education programs on toxoplasmosis to pregnant women yet to be infected on how to prevent the infection so as to avoid occurrence of congenital infection.

Published
2017
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3. Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial

Author

Staplin, N, Haynes, R, Judge, PK, Wanner, C, Green, JB, Emberson, J, Preiss, D, Mayne, KJ, Ng, SYA, Sammons, E, Zhu, D, Hill, M, Stevens, W, Wallendszus, K, Brenner, S, Cheung, AK, Liu, ZH, Li, J, Hooi, LS, Liu, WJ, Kadowaki, T, Nangaku, M, Levin, A, Cherney, D, Maggioni, AP, Pontremoli, R, Deo, R, Goto, S, Rossello, X, Tuttle, KR, Steubl, D, Petrini, M, Seidi, S, Landray, MJ, Baigent, C, Herrington, WG, Abat, S, Abd Rahman, R, Abdul Cader, R, Abdul Hafidz, MI, Abdul Wahab, MZ, Abdullah, NK, Abdul-Samad, T, Abe, M, Abraham, N, Acheampong, S, Achiri, P, Acosta, JA, Adeleke, A, Adell, V, Adewuyi-Dalton, R, Adnan, N, Africano, A, Agharazii, M, Aguilar, F, Aguilera, A, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, MK, Ahmad, NA, Ahmad, NH, Ahmad, NI, Ahmad Miswan, N, Ahmad Rosdi, H, Ahmed, I, Ahmed, S, Aiello, J, Aitken, A, AitSadi, R, Aker, S, Akimoto, S, Akinfolarin, A, Akram, S, Alberici, F, Albert, C, Aldrich, L, Alegata, M, Alexander, L, Alfaress, S, Alhadj Ali, M, Ali, A, Alicic, R, Aliu, A, Almaraz, R, Almasarwah, R, Almeida, J, Aloisi, A, Al-Rabadi, L, Alscher, D, Alvarez, P, Al-Zeer, B, Amat, M, Ambrose, C, Ammar, H, An, Y, Andriaccio, L, Ansu, K, Apostolidi, A, Arai, N, Araki, H, Araki, S, Arbi, A, Arechiga, O, Armstrong, S, Arnold, T, Aronoff, S, Arriaga, W, Arroyo, J, Arteaga, D, Asahara, S, Asai, A, Asai, N, Asano, S, Asawa, M, Asmee, MF, Aucella, F, Augustin, M, Avery, A, Awad, A, Awang, IY, Awazawa, M, Axler, A, Ayub, W, Azhari, Z, Baccaro, R, Badin, C, Bagwell, B, Bahlmann-Kroll, E, Bahtar, AZ, Bains, D, Bajaj, H, Baker, R, Baldini, E, Banas, B, Banerjee, D, Banno, S, Bansal, S, Barberi, S, Barnes, S, Barnini, C, Barot, C, Barrett, K, Barrios, R, Bartolomei Mecatti, B, Barton, I, Barton, J, Basily, W, Bavanandan, S, Baxter, A, Becker, L, Beddhu, S, Beige, J, Beigh, S, Bell, S, Benck, U, Beneat, A, Bennett, A, Bennett, D, Benyon, S, Berdeprado, J, Bergler, T, Bergner, A, Berry, M, Bevilacqua, M, Bhairoo, J, Bhandari, S, Bhandary, N, Bhatt, A, Bhattarai, M, Bhavsar, M, Bian, W, Bianchini, F, Bianco, S, Bilous, R, Bilton, J, Bilucaglia, D, Bird, C, Birudaraju, D, Biscoveanu, M, Blake, C, Bleakley, N, Bocchicchia, K, Bodine, S, Bodington, R, Boedecker, S, Bolduc, M, Bolton, S, Bond, C, Boreky, F, Boren, K, Bouchi, R, Bough, L, Bovan, D, Bowler, C, Bowman, L, Brar, N, Braun, C, Breach, A, Breitenfeldt, M, Brettschneider, B, Brewer, A, Brewer, G, Brindle, V, Brioni, E, Brown, C, Brown, H, Brown, L, Brown, R, Brown, S, Browne, D, Bruce, K, Brueckmann, M, Brunskill, N, Bryant, M, Brzoska, M, Bu, Y, Buckman, C, Budoff, M, Bullen, M, Burke, A, Burnette, S, Burston, C, Busch, M, Bushnell, J, Butler, S, Büttner, C, Byrne, C, Caamano, A, Cadorna, J, Cafiero, C, Cagle, M, Cai, J, Calabrese, K, Calvi, C, Camilleri, B, Camp, S, Campbell, D, Campbell, R, Cao, H, Capelli, I, Caple, M, Caplin, B, Cardone, A, Carle, J, Carnall, V, Caroppo, M, Carr, S, Carraro, G, Carson, M, Casares, P, Castillo, C, Castro, C, Caudill, B, Cejka, V, Ceseri, M, Cham, L, Chamberlain, A, Chambers, J, Chan, CBT, Chan, JYM, Chan, YC, Chang, E, Chant, T, Chavagnon, T, Chellamuthu, P, Chen, F, Chen, J, Chen, P, Chen, TM, Chen, Y, Cheng, C, Cheng, H, Cheng, MC, Ching, CH, Chitalia, N, Choksi, R, Chukwu, C, Chung, K, Cianciolo, G, Cipressa, L, Clark, S, Clarke, H, Clarke, R, Clarke, S, Cleveland, B, Cole, E, Coles, H, Condurache, L, Connor, A, Convery, K, Cooper, A, Cooper, N, Cooper, Z, Cooperman, L, Cosgrove, L, Coutts, P, Cowley, A, Craik, R, Cui, G, Cummins, T, Dahl, N, Dai, H, Dajani, L, D'Amelio, A, Damian, E, Damianik, K, Danel, L, Daniels, C, Daniels, T, Darbeau, S, Darius, H, Dasgupta, T, Davies, J, Davies, L, Davis, A, Davis, J, Davis, L, Dayanandan, R, Dayi, S, Dayrell, R, De Nicola, L, Debnath, S, Deeb, W, Degenhardt, S, DeGoursey, K, Delaney, M, DeRaad, R, Derebail, V, Dev, D, Devaux, M, Dhall, P, Dhillon, G, Dienes, J, Dobre, M, Doctolero, E, Dodds, V, Domingo, D, Donaldson, D, Donaldson, P, Donhauser, C, Donley, V, Dorestin, S, Dorey, S, Doulton, T, Draganova, D, Draxlbauer, K, Driver, F, Du, H, Dube, F, Duck, T, Dugal, T, Dugas, J, Dukka, H, Dumann, H, Durham, W, Dursch, M, Dykas, R, Easow, R, Eckrich, E, Eden, G, Edmerson, E, Edwards, H, Ee, LW, Eguchi, J, Ehrl, Y, Eichstadt, K, Eid, W, Eilerman, B, Ejima, Y, Eldon, H, Ellam, T, Elliott, L, Ellison, R, Epp, R, Er, A, Espino-Obrero, M, Estcourt, S, Estienne, L, Evans, G, Evans, J, Evans, S, Fabbri, G, Fajardo-Moser, M, Falcone, C, Fani, F, Faria-Shayler, P, Farnia, F, Farrugia, D, Fechter, M, Fellowes, D, Feng, F, Fernandez, J, Ferraro, P, Field, A, Fikry, S, Finch, J, Finn, H, Fioretto, P, Fish, R, Fleischer, A, Fleming-Brown, D, Fletcher, L, Flora, R, Foellinger, C, Foligno, N, Forest, S, Forghani, Z, Forsyth, K, Fottrell-Gould, D, Fox, P, Frankel, A, Fraser, D, Frazier, R, Frederick, K, Freking, N, French, H, Froment, A, Fuchs, B, Fuessl, L, Fujii, H, Fujimoto, A, Fujita, A, Fujita, K, Fujita, Y, Fukagawa, M, Fukao, Y, Fukasawa, A, Fuller, T, Funayama, T, Fung, E, Furukawa, M, Furukawa, Y, Furusho, M, Gabel, S, Gaidu, J, Gaiser, S, Gallo, K, Galloway, C, Gambaro, G, Gan, CC, Gangemi, C, Gao, M, Garcia, K, Garcia, M, Garofalo, C, Garrity, M, Garza, A, Gasko, S, Gavrila, M, Gebeyehu, B, Geddes, A, Gentile, G, George, A, George, J, Gesualdo, L, Ghalli, F, Ghanem, A, Ghate, T, Ghavampour, S, Ghazi, A, Gherman, A, Giebeln-Hudnell, U, Gill, B, Gillham, S, Girakossyan, I, Girndt, M, Giuffrida, A, Glenwright, M, Glider, T, Gloria, R, Glowski, D, Goh, BL, Goh, CB, Gohda, T, Goldenberg, R, Goldfaden, R, Goldsmith, C, Golson, B, Gonce, V, Gong, Q, Goodenough, B, Goodwin, N, Goonasekera, M, Gordon, A, Gordon, J, Gore, A, Goto, H, Gowen, D, Grace, A, Graham, J, Grandaliano, G, Gray, M, Greene, T, Greenwood, G, Grewal, B, Grifa, R, Griffin, D, Griffin, S, Grimmer, P, Grobovaite, E, Grotjahn, S, Guerini, A, Guest, C, Gunda, S, Guo, B, Guo, Q, Haack, S, Haase, M, Haaser, K, Habuki, K, Hadley, A, Hagan, S, Hagge, S, Haller, H, Ham, S, Hamal, S, Hamamoto, Y, Hamano, N, Hamm, M, Hanburry, A, Haneda, M, Hanf, C, Hanif, W, Hansen, J, Hanson, L, Hantel, S, Haraguchi, T, Harding, E, Harding, T, Hardy, C, Hartner, C, Harun, Z, Harvill, L, Hasan, A, Hase, H, Hasegawa, F, Hasegawa, T, Hashimoto, A, Hashimoto, C, Hashimoto, M, Hashimoto, S, Haskett, S, Hauske, SJ, Hawfield, A, Hayami, T, Hayashi, M, Hayashi, S, Hazara, A, Healy, C, Hecktman, J, Heine, G, Henderson, H, Henschel, R, Hepditch, A, Herfurth, K, Hernandez, G, Hernandez Pena, A, Hernandez-Cassis, C, Herzog, C, Hewins, S, Hewitt, D, Hichkad, L, Higashi, S, Higuchi, C, Hill, C, Hill, L, Himeno, T, Hing, A, Hirakawa, Y, Hirata, K, Hirota, Y, Hisatake, T, Hitchcock, S, Hodakowski, A, Hodge, W, Hogan, R, Hohenstatt, U, Hohenstein, B, Hooi, L, Hope, S, Hopley, M, Horikawa, S, Hosein, D, Hosooka, T, Hou, L, Hou, W, Howie, L, Howson, A, Hozak, M, Htet, Z, Hu, X, Hu, Y, Huang, J, Huda, N, Hudig, L, Hudson, A, Hugo, C, Hull, R, Hume, L, Hundei, W, Hunt, N, Hunter, A, Hurley, S, Hurst, A, Hutchinson, C, Hyo, T, Ibrahim, FH, Ibrahim, S, Ihana, N, Ikeda, T, Imai, A, Imamine, R, Inamori, A, Inazawa, H, Ingell, J, Inomata, K, Inukai, Y, Ioka, M, Irtiza-Ali, A, Isakova, T, Isari, W, Iselt, M, Ishiguro, A, Ishihara, K, Ishikawa, T, Ishimoto, T, Ishizuka, K, Ismail, R, Itano, S, Ito, H, Ito, K, Ito, M, Ito, Y, Iwagaitsu, S, Iwaita, Y, Iwakura, T, Iwamoto, M, Iwasa, M, Iwasaki, H, Iwasaki, S, Izumi, K, Izumi, T, Jaafar, SM, Jackson, C, Jackson, Y, Jafari, G, Jahangiriesmaili, M, Jain, N, Jansson, K, Jasim, H, Jeffers, L, Jenkins, A, Jesky, M, Jesus-Silva, J, Jeyarajah, D, Jiang, Y, Jiao, X, Jimenez, G, Jin, B, Jin, Q, Jochims, J, Johns, B, Johnson, C, Johnson, T, Jolly, S, Jones, L, Jones, S, Jones, T, Jones, V, Joseph, M, Joshi, S, Judge, P, Junejo, N, Junus, S, Kachele, M, Kadoya, H, Kaga, H, Kai, H, Kajio, H, Kaluza-Schilling, W, Kamaruzaman, L, Kamarzarian, A, Kamimura, Y, Kamiya, H, Kamundi, C, Kan, T, Kanaguchi, Y, Kanazawa, A, Kanda, E, Kanegae, S, Kaneko, K, Kang, HY, Kano, T, Karim, M, Karounos, D, Karsan, W, Kasagi, R, Kashihara, N, Katagiri, H, Katanosaka, A, Katayama, A, Katayama, M, Katiman, E, Kato, K, Kato, M, Kato, N, Kato, S, Kato, T, Kato, Y, Katsuda, Y, Katsuno, T, Kaufeld, J, Kavak, Y, Kawai, I, Kawai, M, Kawase, A, Kawashima, S, Kazory, A, Kearney, J, Keith, B, Kellett, J, Kelley, S, Kershaw, M, Ketteler, M, Khai, Q, Khairullah, Q, Khandwala, H, Khoo, KKL, Khwaja, A, Kidokoro, K, Kielstein, J, Kihara, M, Kimber, C, Kimura, S, Kinashi, H, Kingston, H, Kinomura, M, Kinsella-Perks, E, Kitagawa, M, Kitajima, M, Kitamura, S, Kiyosue, A, Kiyota, M, Klauser, F, Klausmann, G, Kmietschak, W, Knapp, K, Knight, C, Knoppe, A, Knott, C, Kobayashi, M, Kobayashi, R, Kobayashi, T, Koch, M, Kodama, S, Kodani, N, Kogure, E, Koizumi, M, Kojima, H, Kojo, T, Kolhe, N, Komaba, H, Komiya, T, Komori, H, Kon, SP, Kondo, M, Kong, W, Konishi, M, Kono, K, Koshino, M, Kosugi, T, Kothapalli, B, Kozlowski, T, Kraemer, B, Kraemer-Guth, A, Krappe, J, Kraus, D, Kriatselis, C, Krieger, C, Krish, P, Kruger, B, Ku Md Razi, KR, Kuan, Y, Kubota, S, Kuhn, S, Kumar, P, Kume, S, Kummer, I, Kumuji, R, Küpper, A, Kuramae, T, Kurian, L, Kuribayashi, C, Kurien, R, Kuroda, E, Kurose, T, Kutschat, A, Kuwabara, N, Kuwata, H, La Manna, G, Lacey, M, Lafferty, K, LaFleur, P, Lai, V, Laity, E, Lambert, A, Langlois, M, Latif, F, Latore, E, Laundy, E, Laurienti, D, Lawson, A, Lay, M, Leal, I, Lee, AK, Lee, J, Lee, KQ, Lee, R, Lee, SA, Lee, YY, Lee-Barkey, Y, Leonard, N, Leoncini, G, Leong, CM, Lerario, S, Leslie, A, Lewington, A, Li, N, Li, X, Li, Y, Liberti, L, Liberti, ME, Liew, A, Liew, YF, Lilavivat, U, Lim, SK, Lim, YS, Limon, E, Lin, H, Lioudaki, E, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, L, Liu, Q, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Loader, D, Lochhead, H, Loh, CL, Lorimer, A, Loudermilk, L, Loutan, J, Low, CK, Low, CL, Low, YM, Lozon, Z, Lu, Y, Lucci, D, Ludwig, U, Luker, N, Lund, D, Lustig, R, Lyle, S, Macdonald, C, MacDougall, I, Machicado, R, MacLean, D, Macleod, P, Madera, A, Madore, F, Maeda, K, Maegawa, H, Maeno, S, Mafham, M, Magee, J, Mah, DY, Mahabadi, V, Maiguma, M, Makita, Y, Makos, G, Manco, L, Mangiacapra, R, Manley, J, Mann, P, Mano, S, Marcotte, G, Maris, J, Mark, P, Markau, S, Markovic, M, Marshall, C, Martin, M, Martinez, C, Martinez, S, Martins, G, Maruyama, K, Maruyama, S, Marx, K, Maselli, A, Masengu, A, Maskill, A, Masumoto, S, Masutani, K, Matsumoto, M, Matsunaga, T, Matsuoka, N, Matsushita, M, Matthews, M, Matthias, S, Matvienko, E, Maurer, M, Maxwell, P, Mazlan, N, Mazlan, SA, Mbuyisa, A, McCafferty, K, McCarroll, F, McCarthy, T, McClary-Wright, C, McCray, K, McDermott, P, McDonald, C, McDougall, R, McHaffie, E, McIntosh, K, McKinley, T, McLaughlin, S, McLean, N, McNeil, L, Measor, A, Meek, J, Mehta, A, Mehta, R, Melandri, M, Mené, P, Meng, T, Menne, J, Merritt, K, Merscher, S, Meshykhi, C, Messa, P, Messinger, L, Miftari, N, Miller, R, Miller, Y, Miller-Hodges, E, Minatoguchi, M, Miners, M, Minutolo, R, Mita, T, Miura, Y, Miyaji, M, Miyamoto, S, Miyatsuka, T, Miyazaki, M, Miyazawa, I, Mizumachi, R, Mizuno, M, Moffat, S, Mohamad Nor, FS, Mohamad Zaini, SN, Mohamed Affandi, FA, Mohandas, C, Mohd, R, Mohd Fauzi, NA, Mohd Sharif, NH, Mohd Yusoff, Y, Moist, L, Moncada, A, Montasser, M, Moon, A, Moran, C, Morgan, N, Moriarty, J, Morig, G, Morinaga, H, Morino, K, Morisaki, T, Morishita, Y, Morlok, S, Morris, A, Morris, F, Mostafa, S, Mostefai, Y, Motegi, M, Motherwell, N, Motta, D, Mottl, A, Moys, R, Mozaffari, S, Muir, J, Mulhern, J, Mulligan, S, Munakata, Y, Murakami, C, Murakoshi, M, Murawska, A, Murphy, K, Murphy, L, Murray, S, Murtagh, H, Musa, MA, Mushahar, L, Mustafa, R, Mustafar, R, Muto, M, Nadar, E, Nagano, R, Nagasawa, T, Nagashima, E, Nagasu, H, Nagelberg, S, Nair, H, Nakagawa, Y, Nakahara, M, Nakamura, J, Nakamura, R, Nakamura, T, Nakaoka, M, Nakashima, E, Nakata, J, Nakata, M, Nakatani, S, Nakatsuka, A, Nakayama, Y, Nakhoul, G, Naverrete, G, Navivala, A, Nazeer, I, Negrea, L, Nethaji, C, Newman, E, Ng, TJ, Ngu, LLS, Nimbkar, T, Nishi, H, Nishi, M, Nishi, S, Nishida, Y, Nishiyama, A, Niu, J, Niu, P, Nobili, G, Nohara, N, Nojima, I, Nolan, J, Nosseir, H, Nozawa, M, Nunn, M, Nunokawa, S, Oda, M, Oe, M, Oe, Y, Ogane, K, Ogawa, W, Ogihara, T, Oguchi, G, Ohsugi, M, Oishi, K, Okada, Y, Okajyo, J, Okamoto, S, Okamura, K, Olufuwa, O, Oluyombo, R, Omata, A, Omori, Y, Ong, LM, Ong, YC, Onyema, J, Oomatia, A, Oommen, A, Oremus, R, Orimo, Y, Ortalda, V, Osaki, Y, Osawa, Y, Osmond Foster, J, O'Sullivan, A, Otani, T, Othman, N, Otomo, S, O'Toole, J, Owen, L, Ozawa, T, Padiyar, A, Page, N, Pajak, S, Paliege, A, Pandey, A, Pandey, R, Pariani, H, Park, J, Parrigon, M, Passauer, J, Patecki, M, Patel, M, Patel, R, Patel, T, Patel, Z, Paul, R, Paulsen, L, Pavone, L, Peixoto, A, Peji, J, Peng, BC, Peng, K, Pennino, L, Pereira, E, Perez, E, Pergola, P, Pesce, F, Pessolano, G, Petchey, W, Petr, EJ, Pfab, T, Phelan, P, Phillips, R, Phillips, T, Phipps, M, Piccinni, G, Pickett, T, Pickworth, S, Piemontese, M, Pinto, D, Piper, J, Plummer-Morgan, J, Poehler, D, Polese, L, Poma, V, Postal, A, Pötz, C, Power, A, Pradhan, N, Pradhan, R, Preiss, E, Preston, K, Prib, N, Price, L, Provenzano, C, Pugay, C, Pulido, R, Putz, F, Qiao, Y, Quartagno, R, Quashie-Akponeware, M, Rabara, R, Rabasa-Lhoret, R, Radhakrishnan, D, Radley, M, Raff, R, Raguwaran, S, Rahbari-Oskoui, F, Rahman, M, Rahmat, K, Ramadoss, S, Ramanaidu, S, Ramasamy, S, Ramli, R, Ramli, S, Ramsey, T, Rankin, A, Rashidi, A, Raymond, L, Razali, WAFA, Read, K, Reiner, H, Reisler, A, Reith, C, Renner, J, Rettenmaier, B, Richmond, L, Rijos, D, Rivera, R, Rivers, V, Robinson, H, Rocco, M, Rodriguez-Bachiller, I, Rodriquez, R, Roesch, C, Roesch, J, Rogers, J, Rohnstock, M, Rolfsmeier, S, Roman, M, Romo, A, Rosati, A, Rosenberg, S, Ross, T, Roura, M, Roussel, M, Rovner, S, Roy, S, Rucker, S, Rump, L, Ruocco, M, Ruse, S, Russo, F, Russo, M, Ryder, M, Sabarai, A, Saccà, C, Sachson, R, Sadler, E, Safiee, NS, Sahani, M, Saillant, A, Saini, J, Saito, C, Saito, S, Sakaguchi, K, Sakai, M, Salim, H, Salviani, C, Sampson, A, Samson, F, Sandercock, P, Sanguila, S, Santorelli, G, Santoro, D, Sarabu, N, Saram, T, Sardell, R, Sasajima, H, Sasaki, T, Satko, S, Sato, A, Sato, D, Sato, H, Sato, J, Sato, T, Sato, Y, Satoh, M, Sawada, K, Schanz, M, Scheidemantel, F, Schemmelmann, M, Schettler, E, Schettler, V, Schlieper, GR, Schmidt, C, Schmidt, G, Schmidt, U, Schmidt-Gurtler, H, Schmude, M, Schneider, A, Schneider, I, Schneider-Danwitz, C, Schomig, M, Schramm, T, Schreiber, A, Schricker, S, Schroppel, B, Schulte-Kemna, L, Schulz, E, Schumacher, B, Schuster, A, Schwab, A, Scolari, F, Scott, A, Seeger, W, Segal, M, Seifert, L, Seifert, M, Sekiya, M, Sellars, R, Seman, MR, Shah, S, Shainberg, L, Shanmuganathan, M, Shao, F, Sharma, K, Sharpe, C, Sheikh-Ali, M, Sheldon, J, Shenton, C, Shepherd, A, Shepperd, M, Sheridan, R, Sheriff, Z, Shibata, Y, Shigehara, T, Shikata, K, Shimamura, K, Shimano, H, Shimizu, Y, Shimoda, H, Shin, K, Shivashankar, G, Shojima, N, Silva, R, Sim, CSB, Simmons, K, Sinha, S, Sitter, T, Sivanandam, S, Skipper, M, Sloan, K, Sloan, L, Smith, R, Smyth, J, Sobande, T, Sobata, M, Somalanka, S, Song, X, Sonntag, F, Sood, B, Sor, SY, Soufer, J, Sparks, H, Spatoliatore, G, Spinola, T, Squyres, S, Srivastava, A, Stanfield, J, Staylor, K, Steele, A, Steen, O, Steffl, D, Stegbauer, J, Stellbrink, C, Stellbrink, E, Stevenson, A, Stewart-Ray, V, Stickley, J, Stoffler, D, Stratmann, B, Streitenberger, S, Strutz, F, Stubbs, J, Stumpf, J, Suazo, N, Suchinda, P, Suckling, R, Sudin, A, Sugamori, K, Sugawara, H, Sugawara, K, Sugimoto, D, Sugiyama, H, Sugiyama, T, Sullivan, M, Sumi, M, Suresh, N, Sutton, D, Suzuki, H, Suzuki, R, Suzuki, Y, Swanson, E, Swift, P, Syed, S, Szerlip, H, Taal, M, Taddeo, M, Tailor, C, Tajima, K, Takagi, M, Takahashi, K, Takahashi, M, Takahashi, T, Takahira, E, Takai, T, Takaoka, M, Takeoka, J, Takesada, A, Takezawa, M, Talbot, M, Taliercio, J, Talsania, T, Tamori, Y, Tamura, R, Tamura, Y, Tan, CHH, Tan, EZZ, Tanabe, A, Tanabe, 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2024
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4. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial

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Judge, PK, Staplin, N, Mayne, KJ, Wanner, C, Green, JB, Hauske, SJ, Emberson, JR, Preiss, D, Ng, SYA, Roddick, AJ, Sammons, E, Zhu, D, Hill, M, Stevens, W, Wallendszus, K, Brenner, S, Cheung, AK, Liu, ZH, Li, J, Hooi, LS, Liu, WJ, Kadowaki, T, Nangaku, M, Levin, A, Cherney, D, Maggioni, AP, Pontremoli, R, Deo, R, Goto, S, Rossello, X, Tuttle, KR, Steubl, D, Massey, D, Landray, MJ, Baigent, C, Haynes, R, Herrington, WG, Abat, S, Abd Rahman, R, Abdul Cader, R, Abdul Hafidz, MI, Abdul Wahab, MZ, Abdullah, NK, Abdul-Samad, T, Abe, M, Abraham, N, Acheampong, S, Achiri, P, Acosta, JA, Adeleke, A, Adell, V, Adewuyi-Dalton, R, Adnan, N, Africano, A, Agharazii, M, Aguilar, F, Aguilera, A, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, MK, Ahmad, NA, Ahmad, NH, Ahmad, NI, Ahmad Miswan, N, Ahmad Rosdi, H, Ahmed, I, Ahmed, S, Aiello, J, Aitken, A, AitSadi, R, Aker, S, Akimoto, S, Akinfolarin, A, Akram, S, Alberici, F, Albert, C, Aldrich, L, Alegata, M, Alexander, L, Alfaress, S, Alhadj Ali, M, Ali, A, Alicic, R, Aliu, A, Almaraz, R, Almasarwah, R, Almeida, J, Aloisi, A, Al-Rabadi, L, Alscher, D, Alvarez, P, Al-Zeer, B, Amat, M, Ambrose, C, Ammar, H, An, Y, Andriaccio, L, Ansu, K, Apostolidi, A, Arai, N, Araki, H, Araki, S, Arbi, A, Arechiga, O, Armstrong, S, Arnold, T, Aronoff, S, Arriaga, W, Arroyo, J, Arteaga, D, Asahara, S, Asai, A, Asai, N, Asano, S, Asawa, M, Asmee, MF, Aucella, F, Augustin, M, Avery, A, Awad, A, Awang, IY, Awazawa, M, Axler, A, Ayub, W, Azhari, Z, Baccaro, R, Badin, C, Bagwell, B, Bahlmann-Kroll, E, Bahtar, AZ, Bains, D, Bajaj, H, Baker, R, Baldini, E, Banas, B, Banerjee, D, Banno, S, Bansal, S, Barberi, S, Barnes, S, Barnini, C, Barot, C, Barrett, K, Barrios, R, Bartolomei Mecatti, B, Barton, I, Barton, J, Basily, W, Bavanandan, S, Baxter, A, Becker, L, Beddhu, S, Beige, J, Beigh, S, Bell, S, Benck, U, Beneat, A, Bennett, A, Bennett, D, Benyon, S, Berdeprado, J, Bergler, T, Bergner, A, Berry, M, Bevilacqua, M, Bhairoo, J, Bhandari, S, Bhandary, N, Bhatt, A, Bhattarai, M, Bhavsar, M, Bian, W, Bianchini, F, Bianco, S, Bilous, R, Bilton, J, Bilucaglia, D, Bird, C, Birudaraju, D, Biscoveanu, M, Blake, C, Bleakley, N, Bocchicchia, K, Bodine, S, Bodington, R, Boedecker, S, Bolduc, M, Bolton, S, Bond, C, Boreky, F, Boren, K, Bouchi, R, Bough, L, Bovan, D, Bowler, C, Bowman, L, Brar, N, Braun, C, Breach, A, Breitenfeldt, M, Brettschneider, B, Brewer, A, Brewer, G, Brindle, V, Brioni, E, Brown, C, Brown, H, Brown, L, Brown, R, Brown, S, Browne, D, Bruce, K, Brueckmann, M, Brunskill, N, Bryant, M, Brzoska, M, Bu, Y, Buckman, C, Budoff, M, Bullen, M, Burke, A, Burnette, S, Burston, C, Busch, M, Bushnell, J, Butler, S, Büttner, C, Byrne, C, Caamano, A, Cadorna, J, Cafiero, C, Cagle, M, Cai, J, Calabrese, K, Calvi, C, Camilleri, B, Camp, S, Campbell, D, Campbell, R, Cao, H, Capelli, I, Caple, M, Caplin, B, Cardone, A, Carle, J, Carnall, V, Caroppo, M, Carr, S, Carraro, G, Carson, M, Casares, P, Castillo, C, Castro, C, Caudill, B, Cejka, V, Ceseri, M, Cham, L, 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Maeda, K, Maegawa, H, Maeno, S, Mafham, M, Magee, J, Mah, DY, Mahabadi, V, Maiguma, M, Makita, Y, Makos, G, Manco, L, Mangiacapra, R, Manley, J, Mann, P, Mano, S, Marcotte, G, Maris, J, Mark, P, Markau, S, Markovic, M, Marshall, C, Martin, M, Martinez, C, Martinez, S, Martins, G, Maruyama, K, Maruyama, S, Marx, K, Maselli, A, Masengu, A, Maskill, A, Masumoto, S, Masutani, K, Matsumoto, M, Matsunaga, T, Matsuoka, N, Matsushita, M, Matthews, M, Matthias, S, Matvienko, E, Maurer, M, Maxwell, P, Mazlan, N, Mazlan, SA, Mbuyisa, A, McCafferty, K, McCarroll, F, McCarthy, T, McClary-Wright, C, McCray, K, McDermott, P, McDonald, C, McDougall, R, McHaffie, E, McIntosh, K, McKinley, T, McLaughlin, S, McLean, N, McNeil, L, Measor, A, Meek, J, Mehta, A, Mehta, R, Melandri, M, Mené, P, Meng, T, Menne, J, Merritt, K, Merscher, S, Meshykhi, C, Messa, P, Messinger, L, Miftari, N, Miller, R, Miller, Y, Miller-Hodges, E, Minatoguchi, M, Miners, M, Minutolo, R, Mita, T, Miura, Y, Miyaji, M, Miyamoto, S, Miyatsuka, T, Miyazaki, M, Miyazawa, I, Mizumachi, R, Mizuno, M, Moffat, S, Mohamad Nor, FS, Mohamad Zaini, SN, Mohamed Affandi, FA, Mohandas, C, Mohd, R, Mohd Fauzi, NA, Mohd Sharif, NH, Mohd Yusoff, Y, Moist, L, Moncada, A, Montasser, M, Moon, A, Moran, C, Morgan, N, Moriarty, J, Morig, G, Morinaga, H, Morino, K, Morisaki, T, Morishita, Y, Morlok, S, Morris, A, Morris, F, Mostafa, S, Mostefai, Y, Motegi, M, Motherwell, N, Motta, D, Mottl, A, Moys, R, Mozaffari, S, Muir, J, Mulhern, J, Mulligan, S, Munakata, Y, Murakami, C, Murakoshi, M, Murawska, A, Murphy, K, Murphy, L, Murray, S, Murtagh, H, Musa, MA, Mushahar, L, Mustafa, R, Mustafar, R, Muto, M, Nadar, E, Nagano, R, Nagasawa, T, Nagashima, E, Nagasu, H, Nagelberg, S, Nair, H, Nakagawa, Y, Nakahara, M, Nakamura, J, Nakamura, R, Nakamura, T, Nakaoka, M, Nakashima, E, Nakata, J, Nakata, M, Nakatani, S, Nakatsuka, A, Nakayama, Y, Nakhoul, G, Naverrete, G, Navivala, A, Nazeer, I, Negrea, L, Nethaji, C, Newman, E, Ng, TJ, Ngu, LLS, Nimbkar, T, Nishi, H, Nishi, M, Nishi, S, Nishida, Y, Nishiyama, A, Niu, J, Niu, P, Nobili, G, Nohara, N, Nojima, I, Nolan, J, Nosseir, H, Nozawa, M, Nunn, M, Nunokawa, S, Oda, M, Oe, M, Oe, Y, Ogane, K, Ogawa, W, Ogihara, T, Oguchi, G, Ohsugi, M, Oishi, K, Okada, Y, Okajyo, J, Okamoto, S, Okamura, K, Olufuwa, O, Oluyombo, R, Omata, A, Omori, Y, Ong, LM, Ong, YC, Onyema, J, Oomatia, A, Oommen, A, Oremus, R, Orimo, Y, Ortalda, V, Osaki, Y, Osawa, Y, Osmond Foster, J, O'Sullivan, A, Otani, T, Othman, N, Otomo, S, O'Toole, J, Owen, L, Ozawa, T, Padiyar, A, Page, N, Pajak, S, Paliege, A, Pandey, A, Pandey, R, Pariani, H, Park, J, Parrigon, M, Passauer, J, Patecki, M, Patel, M, Patel, R, Patel, T, Patel, Z, Paul, R, Paulsen, L, Pavone, L, Peixoto, A, Peji, J, Peng, BC, Peng, K, Pennino, L, Pereira, E, Perez, E, Pergola, P, Pesce, F, Pessolano, G, Petchey, W, Petr, EJ, Pfab, T, Phelan, P, Phillips, R, Phillips, T, Phipps, M, Piccinni, G, Pickett, T, Pickworth, S, Piemontese, M, Pinto, D, Piper, J, Plummer-Morgan, J, Poehler, D, Polese, L, Poma, V, Postal, A, Pötz, C, Power, A, Pradhan, N, Pradhan, R, Preiss, E, Preston, K, Prib, N, Price, L, Provenzano, C, Pugay, C, Pulido, R, Putz, F, Qiao, Y, Quartagno, R, Quashie-Akponeware, M, Rabara, R, Rabasa-Lhoret, R, Radhakrishnan, D, Radley, M, Raff, R, Raguwaran, S, Rahbari-Oskoui, F, Rahman, M, Rahmat, K, Ramadoss, S, Ramanaidu, S, Ramasamy, S, Ramli, R, Ramli, S, Ramsey, T, Rankin, A, Rashidi, A, Raymond, L, Razali, WAFA, Read, K, Reiner, H, Reisler, A, Reith, C, Renner, J, Rettenmaier, B, Richmond, L, Rijos, D, Rivera, R, Rivers, V, Robinson, H, Rocco, M, Rodriguez-Bachiller, I, Rodriquez, R, Roesch, C, Roesch, J, Rogers, J, Rohnstock, M, Rolfsmeier, S, Roman, M, Romo, A, Rosati, A, Rosenberg, S, Ross, T, Roura, M, Roussel, M, Rovner, S, Roy, S, Rucker, S, Rump, L, Ruocco, M, Ruse, S, Russo, F, Russo, M, Ryder, M, Sabarai, A, Saccà, C, Sachson, R, Sadler, E, Safiee, NS, Sahani, M, Saillant, A, Saini, J, Saito, C, Saito, S, Sakaguchi, K, Sakai, M, Salim, H, Salviani, C, Sampson, A, Samson, F, Sandercock, P, Sanguila, S, Santorelli, G, Santoro, D, Sarabu, N, Saram, T, Sardell, R, Sasajima, H, Sasaki, T, Satko, S, Sato, A, Sato, D, Sato, H, Sato, J, Sato, T, Sato, Y, Satoh, M, Sawada, K, Schanz, M, Scheidemantel, F, Schemmelmann, M, Schettler, E, Schettler, V, Schlieper, GR, Schmidt, C, Schmidt, G, Schmidt, U, Schmidt-Gurtler, H, Schmude, M, Schneider, A, Schneider, I, Schneider-Danwitz, C, Schomig, M, Schramm, T, Schreiber, A, Schricker, S, Schroppel, B, Schulte-Kemna, L, Schulz, E, Schumacher, B, Schuster, A, Schwab, A, Scolari, F, Scott, A, Seeger, W, Segal, M, Seifert, L, Seifert, M, Sekiya, M, Sellars, R, Seman, MR, Shah, S, Shainberg, L, Shanmuganathan, M, Shao, F, Sharma, K, Sharpe, C, Sheikh-Ali, M, Sheldon, J, Shenton, C, Shepherd, A, Shepperd, M, Sheridan, R, Sheriff, Z, Shibata, Y, Shigehara, T, Shikata, K, Shimamura, K, Shimano, H, Shimizu, Y, Shimoda, H, Shin, K, Shivashankar, G, Shojima, N, Silva, R, Sim, CSB, Simmons, K, Sinha, S, Sitter, T, Sivanandam, S, Skipper, M, Sloan, K, Sloan, L, Smith, R, Smyth, J, Sobande, T, Sobata, M, Somalanka, S, Song, X, Sonntag, F, Sood, B, Sor, SY, Soufer, J, Sparks, H, Spatoliatore, G, Spinola, T, Squyres, S, Srivastava, A, Stanfield, J, Staylor, K, Steele, A, Steen, O, Steffl, D, Stegbauer, J, Stellbrink, C, Stellbrink, E, Stevenson, A, Stewart-Ray, V, Stickley, J, Stoffler, D, Stratmann, B, Streitenberger, S, Strutz, F, Stubbs, J, Stumpf, J, Suazo, N, Suchinda, P, Suckling, R, Sudin, A, Sugamori, K, Sugawara, H, Sugawara, K, Sugimoto, D, Sugiyama, H, Sugiyama, T, Sullivan, M, Sumi, M, Suresh, N, Sutton, D, Suzuki, H, Suzuki, R, Suzuki, Y, Swanson, E, Swift, P, Syed, S, Szerlip, H, Taal, M, Taddeo, M, Tailor, C, Tajima, K, Takagi, M, Takahashi, K, Takahashi, M, Takahashi, T, Takahira, E, Takai, T, Takaoka, M, Takeoka, J, Takesada, A, Takezawa, M, Talbot, M, Taliercio, J, Talsania, T, Tamori, Y, Tamura, R, Tamura, Y, Tan, CHH, Tan, EZZ, Tanabe, A, Tanabe, K, Tanaka, A, Tanaka, N, Tang, S, Tang, Z, Tanigaki, K, Tarlac, M, Tatsuzawa, A, Tay, JF, Tay, LL, Taylor, J, Taylor, K, Te, A, Tenbusch, L, Teng, KS, Terakawa, A, Terry, J, Tham, ZD, Tholl, S, Thomas, G, Thong, KM, Tietjen, D, Timadjer, A, Tindall, H, Tipper, S, Tobin, K, Toda, N, Tokuyama, A, Tolibas, M, Tomita, A, Tomita, T, Tomlinson, J, Tonks, L, Topf, J, Topping, S, Torp, A, Torres, A, Totaro, F, Toth, P, Toyonaga, Y, Tripodi, F, Trivedi, K, Tropman, E, Tschope, D, Tse, J, Tsuji, K, Tsunekawa, S, Tsunoda, R, Tucky, B, Tufail, S, Tuffaha, A, Turan, E, Turner, H, Turner, J, Turner, M, Tye, YL, Tyler, A, Tyler, J, Uchi, H, Uchida, H, Uchida, T, Udagawa, T, Ueda, S, Ueda, Y, Ueki, K, Ugni, S, Ugwu, E, Umeno, R, Unekawa, C, Uozumi, K, Urquia, K, Valleteau, A, Valletta, C, van Erp, R, Vanhoy, C, Varad, V, Varma, R, Varughese, A, Vasquez, P, Vasseur, A, Veelken, R, Velagapudi, C, Verdel, K, Vettoretti, S, Vezzoli, G, Vielhauer, V, Viera, R, Vilar, E, Villaruel, S, Vinall, L, Vinathan, J, Visnjic, M, Voigt, E, von-Eynatten, M, Vourvou, M, Wada, J, Wada, T, Wada, Y, Wakayama, K, Wakita, Y, Walters, T, Wan Mohamad, WH, Wang, L, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wanninayake, S, Watada, H, Watanabe, K, Watanabe, M, Waterfall, H, Watkins, D, Watson, S, Weaving, L, Weber, B, Webley, Y, Webster, A, Webster, M, Weetman, M, Wei, W, Weihprecht, H, Weiland, L, Weinmann-Menke, J, Weinreich, T, Wendt, R, Weng, Y, Whalen, M, Whalley, G, Wheatley, R, Wheeler, A, Wheeler, J, Whelton, P, White, K, Whitmore, B, Whittaker, S, Wiebel, J, Wiley, J, Wilkinson, L, Willett, M, Williams, A, Williams, E, Williams, K, Williams, T, Wilson, A, Wilson, P, Wincott, L, Wines, E, Winkelmann, B, Winkler, M, Winter-Goodwin, B, Witczak, J, Wittes, J, Wittmann, M, Wolf, G, Wolf, L, Wolfling, R, Wong, C, Wong, E, Wong, HS, Wong, LW, Wong, YH, Wonnacott, A, Wood, A, Wood, L, Woodhouse, H, Wooding, N, Woodman, A, Wren, K, Wu, J, Wu, P, Xia, S, Xiao, H, Xiao, X, Xie, Y, Xu, C, Xu, Y, Xue, H, Yahaya, H, Yalamanchili, H, Yamada, A, Yamada, N, Yamagata, K, Yamaguchi, M, Yamaji, Y, Yamamoto, A, Yamamoto, S, Yamamoto, T, Yamanaka, A, Yamano, T, Yamanouchi, Y, Yamasaki, N, Yamasaki, Y, Yamashita, C, Yamauchi, T, Yan, Q, Yanagisawa, E, Yang, F, Yang, L, Yano, S, Yao, S, Yao, Y, Yarlagadda, S, Yasuda, Y, Yiu, V, Yokoyama, T, Yoshida, S, Yoshidome, E, Yoshikawa, H, Young, A, Young, T, Yousif, V, Yu, H, Yu, Y, Yuasa, K, Yusof, N, Zalunardo, N, Zander, B, Zani, R, Zappulo, F, Zayed, M, Zemann, B, Zettergren, P, Zhang, H, Zhang, L, Zhang, N, Zhang, X, Zhao, J, Zhao, L, Zhao, S, Zhao, Z, Zhong, H, Zhou, N, Zhou, S, Zhu, L, Zhu, S, Zietz, M, Zippo, M, Zirino, F, and Zulkipli, FH

Published
2024
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10. Abstracts from the 1st JoPPP Conference on Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice: Shah Alam, Malaysia. 28-29 August 2019

Author

Mehmood, Salman, Hasan, Syed Muhammad Farid, Razzakova, Chinara Maratovna, Ziganshina, Liliya Eugenevna, Ganbat, Azjargal, Sanjjav, Tsetsegmaa, Sunderland, Bruce, Dorj, Gantuya, Dorj, Gereltuya, Satibi, Satibi, Rokhman, M. Rifqi, Aditama, Hardika, Kartini, Ika, Ambarsari, Rini, Pramesti, Fajar, Loh, Peng Yeow, Chua, Siew Siang, Karuppannan, Mahmathi, Verma, Rohit Kumar, Paraidathathu, Thomas, Taha, Nur Akmar, Chong, Wei Wen, Rosli, M. Rozaini, Neoh, Chin Fen, Karuppannan, Mahmathi, Hassan, W. Nazariah W., Mahmud, Mahani, Rahimi, Afifah, Wu, David Bin-Chia, Teh, Ren Ee, Ali, Adliah Mhd, Mustapha, Mohammed, Zainal, Hadzliana, Tangiisuran, Balamurugan, Harun, Sabariah Noor, Looi, Irene, Sidek, Norsima Nazifah, Ibrahim, Khairul Azmi, Wei, Loo Keat, Yee, Lee Keng, Aziz, Zariah Abdul, Al-Sunaidar, Khalid A., Aziz, Noorizan Abd, Hassan, Yahaya, Hameed, Mohamed Abdul, Shaari, Nur Fatihah Binti, Karuppannan, Mahmathi, Ismail, Hasnah, Wong, Yuet Yen, Neoh, Chin Fen, Ramlan, Rifqa Danisha Nadhrah, Raman, Wan Asma Najiha A., Radzaini, Syazani Salman, Ghani, Norazila Abdul, Lean, Qi Ying, Neoh, Chin Fen, Wong, Yuet Yen, Md Shariff, A., Karuppannan, M., Gnanasan, S., Aziz N, A., Zaini, Muhammad Helmi, Wahab, Mohd Shahezwan Abd, Lkhagvasuren, Dulmaa, Dorjbal, Enkhjargal, Leghari, Qurratul-ain, Aslam, Muhammad Shahzad, Malick, Neelum, Kashif, Sadia, Bawani, Sharmeen, Ahmad, Nur Sufiza Bt, Hatah, Ernieda, Makmor-Bakry, Mohd, Nagaria, Raveena Amee, Hasan, Syed Shahzad, Babar, Zaheer Ud-Din, Faller, Erwin Martinez, Madelo, Jesa, Tolentino, Edward Agravante, Noordin, Zakiah Mohd, Karuppannan, Mahmathi, Fen, Neoh Chin, Ghazali, Nor Haizan Ibrahim, El-Dahiyat, F., Rashrash, M., Abuhamdah, S., Abu Farha, R., Khan, Amjad, Khan, Amer Hayat, Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed, Adnan, Azreen Syazril, Mushtaq, Saima, Fadzil, Maisarah Mohamad, Akmal, Muhammad Hadif Syahmi Mohd, Wong, Yuet Yen, Neoh, Chin Fen, Lean, Qi Ying, Malini, Christina, Wahab, Noor Azizah Binti Abdul, Shamsuddin, Ahmad Fuad, Dali, Ahmad Fauzi, Patah, Norfarahin Abd, Ibrahim, Noorizam, Cheah, Min H., Gan, Eon T., Azman, Nur J., Kori, Najma, Periyasamy, Petrick, Abdul-Aziz, Siti-Azdiah, Ismail, Wan Ismahanisa, Hassali, Mohamed Azmi Ahmad, Farooqui, Maryam, Roslan, Muhammad Nabil Fikri, Rahim, Nurhidayah Ab, Dzulkarnain, Syarifah Masyitah Habib, Chigome, Audrey K., Matlala, Moliehi, Meyer, Johanna C., Zaidi, Nur Hazirah Izzati, Saman, Kamaliah Md, Fahrni, Mathumalar Loganathan, Sani, Fajaratunur A., Gnanasan, Shubashini, Karuppannan, Mahmathi, Alhebs, Dema Nasser, Hussin, Nur Sabiha Md, Gnanasan, Shubashini, Karupannan, Mahmathi, Gopalan, Yogheswaran, Gankhulug, Badamkhand, Tegshee, Otgonbileg, Dorj, Gereltuya, Sanjjav, Tsetsegmaa, Sunderland, Bruce, Dorj, Gantuya, Ganbat, Azjargal, Dorj, Gereltuya, Sanjjav, Tsetsegmaa, Sunderland, Bruce, Dorj, Gantuya, Ariunaa, D., Purevsuren, S., Tugsbileg, S., Boditsetseg, B., Baigalmaa, D., Bolor, B., Otgonbat, B., Mandahnaran, P., Alhatlani, Asma, Alshehaitan, Nujud, Alherabi, Amjad, Farooqui, Maryam, Gill, M. S., Basari, A. H., Adnan, M. A., Mat Rahim, M. A., Fauzi, Nurul Atika Mohd, Hamidi, Nurin Hasya, Rahman, Muhammad Amin Azizul, Ghani, Norazila Abdul, Lean, Qi Ying, Neoh, Chin Fen, Wong, Yuet Yen, Nasrudin, Izzah Zahra, Zaki, Nur Izzati Mohd, Ismail, Muhammad Fareez Nazwaad, Ghani, Norazila Abdul, Lean, Qi Ying, Neoh, Chin Fen, Wong, Yuet Yen, Aslam, Adeel, Zin, Che Suraya, Syafinaz, Norny, Ahmad, Syed Imran, Jamshed, Shazia, Yahaya, H., Suriana, H. A., Izyan, A. W., Amlizan, R., Phodha, Tuangrat, Riewpaiboon, Arthorn, Malathum, Kumthorn, Coyte, Peter C., Othman, Nursyuhadah, Wong, Yuet Yen, Lean, Qi Ying, Noor, Nurain Mohd, Neoh, Chin Fen, Lertsinudom, Sunee, Niamtaworn, Pawalee, Tanpichart, Sirirat, Alkhalidi, Doaa, Jamshed, Shazia Qasim, Elkalmi, Ramadan Mohamed, Baig, Mirza Rafi, Aslam, Adeel, Hassali, Mohamed Azmi, Usir, Ezlina, Azman, Nurul Hafizah, Ismail, Hasnah, Fahrni, Mathumalar Loganathan, Rafar, Noor Razilah Abdul, Neoh, Chin Fen, Othman, Muhamad Faiz, Bahrin, Nur Zuhaida Zainal, Zaid, Wan Sazrina Wan, Zamri, Fauziah, Andayani, Nurita, Ariani, Farida, Sarnianto, Prih, Sofia, Zarith, Naimat, Faiza, Fahrni, Mathumalar Loganathan, Min, Beh Huai, Yaacob, Nor Liana Che, Ngadimon, Irma Wati, Fahrni, Mathumalar Loganathan, Rahman, Safwanah, Zunaidi, Nasrul Nazim Husna, Suhaimi, Azyyati Mohd, Manan, M. M., Jamaluddin, N. L., Manan, M. M., Nadiah Loke, A. L., Khan, Muhammad Anwar Nawab, Saroge, Nurin Alya Bt, Khan, Muhammad Anwar Nawab, Ng, Wang S., Wong, Pey C., and Said, Siti N. Md

Published
2020
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13. Burden of intestinal helminths among patients attending General Hospital Wudil in Kano State north western Nigeria

Author

Sule, H., Kumurya, A.S., Garba, D.D., Muhammad, A.B., and Yahaya, H.

Subjects
Prevalence, Intestinal, Helminths, Rural, Nigeria
Abstract

Background: Infection with parasitic helminths is often recognized as one of the most important public health problems in tropical Africa. Aim: This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of intestinal helminths among rural and semi urban communities (with no treated pipe borne water) attending Wudil General Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Methods: Stool samples were collected from patients and processed using formol ether concentration technique. Results: Out of the 200 stool samples examined, the overall intestinal helminthes prevalence was 138(69.0%). Of these Ancylostoma duodenale had the prevalence rate of 38(19.0%), Strongyloides stercoralis 22(11.0%), Ascaris lumbricoides 28(14.0%), Schistosoma mansoni 26(13.0%), and Trichuris trichiura 24(12.0%). On the basis of gender, males had the highest infestation of 84(60.9%) compared to females 54(39.1%). Infection across age groups revealed that age group of 10-19 had the highest prevalence of helminths 45(32.6%) followed by 20-29 with 33(23.9%) while the least was in the age group of 50-59 with 11(8.0%). Patients that had no toilet facilities (that use open space) were the most infected 123(89.1%), while patients that use closed water system in the semi urban communities had the minimum infection rate of 3(2.2%). Conclusion: The study indicated very high occurrence of intestinal helminthiasis among the study population which stress the need for government efforts to promote and/ or sustain proper sanitation and good water supply.

Published
2022

14. Bacterial meningitis in pregnancy, neonate and adolescence: A report of five cases

Author

Yahaya, H., Halliru, A., Kumurya, A.S., and Tukur, A.D.

Subjects
Meninges, Trimesters, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Antimicrobial susceptibility, Makoda
Abstract

Background: Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the meninges, the thin covering of the brain and spinal cord.Objective: This case study identifies the aetiology and the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial agents in suspected samples of acute meningitis.Methods: The bacterial agents were detected by culture, Bactec 9050, Directgen and Gram Techniques from five patients of Makoda and Tudun Wada Primary Health care (PHC) facilities as well as Hasiya Bayero Paediatric Hospital (HBPH) that were presented to Microbiology Laboratory unit of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) – a tertiary hospital located within the meningitis belt of Nigeria. Among the five cases, three werepregnant women all in their second trimesters marked patients 1, 2 and 3 according to the increasing pattern of their ages, an adolescent marked patient 4 and a neonate marked patient 5.Results: The CSF sample of the respective patients was assayed for pus cell, protein, and RBC. The Directgen detected Haemophillus influenzae from patients 1 and same organism was isolated from patient 2. Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from patient 3 and Neisseria meningitidis from patients 4 and 5 respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing reveals sensitivity to penicillin and gentamicin by H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis. N. Meningitidis and S. pneumoniae were sensitive to ceftriazone, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. All the three organisms displayed intermediate sensitivity to chloramphenicol, erythromycin and tetracycline according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the relevance of these agents as potential pathogens in the predisposed patients. The antimicrobial sensitivity depicted high sensitivity to the various classes of antibiotics.

Published
2022

17. Genetic Parameter Estimates of Growth Traits in Two Strains of Nigerian Indigenous Turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo) in Northern Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria.

Author

Shettima, M. M., Kabir, M., Yahaya, H. K., and Iyiola-Tunji, A. O.

Subjects
TURKEYS, ANIMAL behavior, ANIMAL feeds, ANALYSIS of covariance
Abstract

The current study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters of growth traits in two strains of indigenous turkeys. The foundation stock consisted of 18 adult turkeys of two strains (black and white) that comprised of six males and twelve females each, grouped into two breeding units. Eggs were collected hatched and a total of 90 F1 poults were produced. At 8 weeks, six toms and twelve hens were selected while the others were maintained as control group. Body weight and linear body measurements of each poult were taken at four weeks' interval in both generations. SAS package was used to estimate variance and covariance components. The results revealed that heritability estimates ranged from 0.01-0.80 and 0.02-0.89 in white and h2= 0.02-0.65 and 0.00-0.84 in black strains in generations one and two, respectively. The repeatability estimates ranged from 0.08-0.99. Higher estimates of heritability and repeatability were observed at early ages (4-20 weeks) in both strains and generations. Thus, breeders can select for improvement of growth at early ages (4-20 weeks) in both strains of turkey. Fewer records of growth traits are also needed to estimate response to selection in the black and white strains of Nigerian indigenous turkeys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

19. Rice Production under the Youth Empowerment Scheme in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Author

Yahaya H. et al

Subjects
Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

The study was conducted to analyze rice production under the Youth Empowerment Scheme (YES) in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 160 rice farmers made up of 80 participants of YES and 80 non participants. Primary data were collected through the use of structured questionnaires and personal interview. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics, linear regression and t-test. Majority of the respondents were less than 31 years and 31 to 40 years for participants and non participants, respectively. The respondents were mostly males and married with a minimum of secondary school education. Majority (62.5%) and (70%) of the participants and non participants, respectively were engaged in farming as main occupation, with less than 7 years farming experience and cultivating less than three hectares of land. Annual income and farm size had positive and significant effect on rice production with an R2 value of 0.895. There was no significant difference (t=0.265 ; p> 0.05) between the yield of participants and non participants. Inadequate funds, high cost of agrochemicals, and inadequate extension services were the serious constraints to rice production. The study therefore, recommends that more efforts need to be put in place by government and all relevant stakeholders to provide adequate funds, agrochemicals and extension services.

Published
2013

20. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) the African Story: A Review

Author

Sule H, Kumurya AS, Gwarzo MY, Yahaya H, and Rogo LD

Abstract

Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a global health threat that put panic in the minds of people worldwide. Although, the disease originate from China, but its effect covers the whole world. This review is to assess the effect of COVID-19 in the African continent. Data from already published researches were obtained, through which it was found that, Africa had its first confirmed index case of COVID-19 on the 14th of February, 2020, from Egypt, second case on 25th February, 2020, from Algeria while the 3rd was in Nigeria on the 27th of the same month. From there, the cases continue to spread throughout the continent. The review also highlighted on some factors that were thought can put Africa at higher risk of COVID-19; these include Africa China relation, which accounts for an average of 8 flights per day between the two regions, according to an investigation in 2018; endemic diseases that are common in the region and inefficient health system, among others. It was also observed according to the review that, world health organization (WHO) tried to upgrade the laboratory capacity for COVID-19 test in the continent at the time the disease hit the region. For that reason, between February 2nd and 10th March 2020, the laboratory capacity for COVID-19 test were raised, from 2 to 40 across the continent, WHO also provided 42,000 PCR test kits and 195,000 sample collection kits at around the same time. According to the review, as reported in WHO corona virus disease situation report of 9th July, 2020, at a point, in the progress of the disease in Africa, there were 493,131 cases with 11,643 deaths, indicating 25% cases increase and 18% deaths increase over a week. Based on the review, it can be concluded that, African countries are also victims of COVID-19, as a lot of them are still battling with the disease to date.

Published
2021
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21. Graphene-chitin bio-composite polymer based mode locker at 2 micron region

Author

Zuikafly, Siti Nur Fatin, Ahmad, Harith, Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Faizal, Yahaya, H., Ibrahim, M. H., Abd. Latif‬, ‪Amirah, Ahmadi, F., Zuikafly, Siti Nur Fatin, Ahmad, Harith, Wan Nawawi, Wan Mohd Faizal, Yahaya, H., Ibrahim, M. H., Abd. Latif‬, ‪Amirah, and Ahmadi, F.

Abstract

In the field of pulsed fiber laser, graphene is a well-known two-dimensional (2D) material for its excellent optical properties. An alternative approach to the existing method, graphene based filament originally intended for 3-dimensional (3D) printing was used as starting material. Coupled with a newly introduced chitin nanofiber as the host polymer, it was demonstrated and reported as passive mode locker at 2-micron region. The conventional soliton operated at operating wavelength of 1982.7 nm with repetition rate of 11.35 MHz. The produced average output power, pulse width, time-bandwidth product (TBP) and signal to noise ratio (SNR) was 76.83 µW, 1.88 ps (HAC200), 0.416 and 43 dB, respectively. When the pulse was amplified with 5.4 dB of Thulium doped fiber amplifier (TDFA), the average output power increased to 3.43 mW and produced a broad operating wavelength around the 2-micron region. At the same repetition rate of 11.35 MHz, the measured pulse width, SNR, pulse energy and peak power of 7.033 ps (pulseCheck 150), 42.0 dB, 0.30 nJ, and 42.98 W, are obtained, respectively. High power laser operation in this region can find applications in medical field and sensors technology.

Published
2021

31. Ivermectin dose assessment without weighing scales

Author

Alexander, N.D.E., Cousens, S.N., Yahaya, H., Abiose, A., and Jones, B.R.

Subjects
Drug therapy, Dosage and administration, Onchocerciasis -- Drug therapy, Ivermectin -- Dosage and administration
Abstract

Introduction Ivermectin is a microfilaricide that is used in the treatment of onchocerciasis, a disease from which about 0.5 million people are blind, mostly in rural areas of Africa and [...], Described are two alternatives to the weighing of patients for assessing the dose of ivermectin for use in mass chemotherapy campaigns against onchocerciasis. The first method uses height to separate patients into four dosing categories (1/2, 1, 11/2 and 2 tablets), while the second involves estimating one of these dosing categories according to an individual's physical appearance, without making any measurements. Data for the height-based method were obtained from 6373 people who were taking part in a placebo-controlled trial of ivermectin in northern Nigeria. Use of an arbitrary trade-off of approximately 100 people 'overdosed' for every person 'underdosed' would lead to 0.5% of the population being underdosed by 1/2 tablet, 46.5% being dosed correctly, 51.7% being overdosed by 1/2 tablet, and 1.2% being overdosed by 1 tablet. The physical appearance approach involved three observers and 779 subjects. A total of 82% of the observers' estimates were 'correct', with all the incorrect dosing deviating by only 1/2 tablet from the dose that the subjects should have received.

Published
1993

36. Deposition of silver nanoparticles on polyvinyl alcohol film using electron beam evaporation and its application as a passive saturable absorber

Author

Lokman, Mohamad Quisar, Yusoff, S. F. A. Z, Ahmad, Fauzan, Zakaria, R., Yahaya, H., Shafie, Suhaidi, Rosnan, R. M., Harun, Sulaiman Wadi, Lokman, Mohamad Quisar, Yusoff, S. F. A. Z, Ahmad, Fauzan, Zakaria, R., Yahaya, H., Shafie, Suhaidi, Rosnan, R. M., and Harun, Sulaiman Wadi

Abstract

This study investigated the generation of Q-switched pulse in fibre laser operation at 1550 nm wavelength region using silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as passive saturable absorber (SA). The Ag NP SA was prepared through the electron beam evaporation method with a thickness of 10 nm on pure polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. The average size of the Ag NPs was around 50 nm and the existence of silver element had been investigated by using the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) technique. The modulation depth of the developed silver-based passive SA was 19% with saturation intensity of 170.26 mW/cm2. The laser was operated at 1560 nm centre wavelength with 3 dB spectral bandwidth of 1.3 nm. The pulsed laser was able to generate pulse energy of 146.4 nJ with peak power of 20.5 mW at a maximum pump of 90.4 mW. A signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value of 67.5 dB was obtained at the repetition rate of 65.4 kHz for maximum input pump power.

Published
2018

39. Giant bleeding renal angiomyolipoma: Diagnosis and management

Author

Yahaya H Elshebiny, Samuel D. Ashebu, Mohammed H Dahniya, Joseph Varro, and Hana Al-khawari

Subjects
Adult, Male, Hematoma, medicine.medical_specialty, Angiomyolipoma, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Angiography, medicine.disease, Embolization, Therapeutic, Kidney Neoplasms, Tuberous sclerosis, Radiological weapon, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Retroperitoneal Space, Radiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Renal angiomyolipoma
Abstract

A case of a giant bleeding renal angiomyolipoma is presented. The patient was a 40-year-old Egyptian male with no clinical or radiological evidence of tuberous sclerosis. The radiological features and management, including the role of angiography are briefly discussed and the medical reviews on this subject are briefly considered.

Published
2002
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40. RISK FACTORS AND MODE OF TRANSMISSION OF TOXOPLASMOSIS IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW.

Author

Sharif, A. A., Aliyu, M., Yusuf, M. A., Getso, M. I., Yahaya, H., Bala, J. A., Yusuf, I., and Wana, M. N.

Subjects
TOXOPLASMOSIS, DISEASE risk factors, FOOD contamination, POLLUTION, POPULATION, SEROPREVALENCE
Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan infection caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii. The parasite was described as the most successful having full potentials to be transmitted through various routes from contamination of the environment and food substances to continuous spread as tissue cyst in meat, among its intermediate host, bypassing its sexual stage of life cycle in its definitive host. Relevant English databases were searched for the prevalence studies conducted in Nigeria. In this review, we identified the various ways through which the infection can be spread within human population as reported by various studies in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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41. Analysis of Land Tenure System Among Rice Farmers in Awe Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Author

Ezra, Luka Gougong and Yahaya, H

Subjects
Land Tenure System, Rice, Farmers, Awe Local Government Area, Yield, Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, food and beverages
Abstract

The research analyzed the land tenure system among rice farmers in Awe Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Two hundred and forty (240) farmers were sampled by a multi stage sampling procedure and used as respondents for the study. Well structured questionnaires were used for data collection. The main means of data analysis were percentages and correlation. Findings revealed that 46.7 percent of the respondents were within the age range of 31-40 years. Majority (77.9%) of the respondents were married and full time farmers. The predominant system of land ownership among the respondents was by inheritance. Land fragmentation was perceived to be the major constraints to land ownership in the study area. The results further showed that farm size correlated positively and significantly with annual income (r=0.519, p

Published
2013

42. ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM NIGERIAN CURRENCIES (NAIRA) CIRCULATING IN SOME HOSPITALS OF KANO METROPOLIS, KANO STATE, NIGERIA.

Author

Aminu, B. M. and Yahaya, H. S.

Subjects
PATHOGENIC bacteria, STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus, HARD currencies, HOSPITALS
Abstract

Microbial contamination of fomites such as currency notes is of public health concern as contaminated materials might act as vehicle for the transmission of pathogenic and drug resistant organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from Nigerian currencies circulating in some hospitals of Kano metropolis. Four hundred paper currency notes of all denominations obtained from three hospitals (Hasiya Bayero pediatrics hospital, Murtala Mohammad specialist hospital and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital) and school environment (Bayero university Kano) were investigated. The samples were all screened for bacterial pathogens and some common nosocomial pathogens using standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using disc diffusion method to detect the presence of resistant isolates including multidrug resistant organisms (MDR) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results of the study revealed that 84.7% of currencies were contaminated with pathogenic organisms. Bacteria isolated from currencies circulating in hospital were more resistant to antibiotics than non hospital source isolates (p< 0.05). The prevalence of MDR was found to be (16% and 6% p< 0.005) and (6.8% and 5.9% p>0.05) for MRSA from hospital and non hospital currencies respectively. Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus species, Streptococcus species, Proteus species, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequently isolated bacteria. Ampicillin, cotrimoxaxole, and amoxicillin/clavulanate showed high levels of inactivity. Ciprofloxacin had the greatest activity (40% to 100%) against the isolates. The study revealed that Currency notes circulating in hospital are highly contaminated with potentially pathogenic bacteria including drug resistant nosocomial pathogens, MRSA and MDR organisms. Measures should therefore be employed to ensure the safety of currency handlers in the hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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44. Rupture of the renal pelvis of a ureteropelvic junction hydronephrosis after blunt abdominal trauma

Author

Harini Bopaiah, Salwa Ramadan, Samuel D. Ashebu, Yahaya H Elshebiny, Mohamed H Dahniya, and Prosper Aduh

Subjects
Adult, Male, Radiography, Abdominal, Rupture, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Ureteropelvic junction, Abdominal Injuries, Hydronephrosis, medicine.disease, Wounds, Nonpenetrating, Surgery, Blunt, medicine.anatomical_structure, Abdominal trauma, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Kidney Pelvis, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Renal pelvis
Abstract

Summary In the present case report, we present the unusual occurrence of traumatic rupture of a ureteropelvic junction hydronephrosis, and discuss the potential mechanisms producing such a rupture and the management options.

Published
2004

45. Students feedback in selected campus facilities: A case study of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Author

Abd-Razak, M.Z., Che-Ani, Adi Irfan, Mohd Nawi, Mohd Nasrun, Mohd Tawil, Norngainy, Yahaya, H., Abd-Razak, M.Z., Che-Ani, Adi Irfan, Mohd Nawi, Mohd Nasrun, Mohd Tawil, Norngainy, and Yahaya, H.

Abstract

The National University of Malaysia (UKM) is committed to create a sustainable campus. Facilities provided are one of the important agenda in contributing to campus sustainability. This paper looks into the aspect of students perception towards selected facilities provided. Their feedback is important since students are the main clients in the campus and they are the largest group that study and live on campus.The concept of facilities management itself emphasizes on the client feedbacks in providing the continuous quality improvement.The method used to obtain the required data is through 5-point Likert scale questionnaires survey. A total of 200 sets of questionnaires were distributed to student of UKM Bangi campus. The responses are in relation to facilities aspect of convenience and comfort, landscape and environment, circulation system, accessibility, transportation, security, and lighting. The result shows that the overall scale obtained from the questionnaire is 3.17, which is at moderate level.This result indicates that the selected facilities provided in UKM Bangi campus is at moderate level.The impact of this finding is to the UKM Department of Development Management, in which they can use the finding in prioritizing the management of physical development of UKM Bangi campus in reaching the student needs

Published
2014

47. Spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis

Author

Yahaya H Elshebiny, Samuel D. Ashebu, and Mohamed H Dahniya

Subjects
Spontaneous rupture, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Diagnosis, Differential, Ureter, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Kidney Pelvis, Pathological, Pelvis, Rupture, Spontaneous, business.industry, Urography, Middle Aged, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Vomiting, Kidney Diseases, Stents, Radiology, Differential diagnosis, medicine.symptom, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Renal pelvis, Pyelogram
Abstract

The object of the case report is to present a case of spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis with no underlying pathological condition to account for the rupture, a very rare and unusual occurrence. The patient was a 46-year-old Korean who presented with severe left loin pain and vomiting. The diagnosis was suspected on intravenous urography and confirmed by CT. Treatment was by ureteral stenting. The patient made a complete recovery. The differential diagnosis of this condition is discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Published
2000

48. Evaluation of layer type chickens under reciprocal recurrent selection

Author

Yahaya, H, Oni, O, Akpa, G, Adeyinka, I, Yahaya, H, Oni, O, Akpa, G, and Adeyinka, I

Abstract

Matings within pure male and female lines, and between pure male and female lines were carried out to produce purebred male line (AA x AA), female line (BB x BB), cross (AA x BB) and reciprocal cross (BB x AA). A total number of 364 pullets arising from 207 hens and 23 cocks in generation 1 and 440 pullets from 70 hens and 10 cocks in generation 2 under selection were monitored in individual cage units for part period of egg production up to 280 days of age. Parameters considered were age at sexual maturity (ASM), body weight at 20 and 40 weeks of age (BW 20 and BW40), egg weight average (EWTAV) and egg production up to 280 days (Egg 280). A nonsignificant difference among purebreds but a significant difference (P

Published
2010

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