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The growing popularity of E-bikes and P-scooters has led to their increasing involvement in injuries. This study sought to evaluate the impact of drug and alcohol consumption on hospitalization rates for electric-vehicle-associated injuries. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used, including patients evacuated to the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary medical center in 2014–2020 for injuries sustained while riding E-bikes or P-scooters. Data on clinical characteristics were collected from the medical files, including pre-accident usage of alcohol or drugs. Of the 1234 patients (75.7% male) who met the inclusion criteria, 90 (7.3%) were hospitalized. The mean (SD) number of admission days was 5.44 (±0.12). Alcohol consumption was associated with 2.2% of injuries and drug use with 0.6%. Patients who rode under the influence of alcohol were significantly more likely to be hospitalized than discharged (6.7% vs. 1.8%, χ2 (2) =19.25, p < 0.001); the odds ratio was 14.1. A similar association with hospitalization was found for drug use (χ2 (2) = 7.83, p = 0.02). Riding an E-bike or P-scooter under the influence of alcohol or drugs increases the probability of severe injury requiring hospital admission. These results should prompt the relevant authorities to initiate effective legislation of alcohol and drug use.

Background Electric bikes (E-bikes) and powered scooters (P-scooters) have become increasingly popular modes of public transportation, but they have been associated with injuries of all kinds, including dental trauma. Helmet use is promoted as a means of reducing injuries in accidents involving motorized and unmotorized vehicles. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of helmet use on the number and severity of oral and maxillofacial injuries caused by E-bikes and P-scooters. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used. The cohort included all patients referred to the emergency department of a tertiary medical center in 2014–2020 with oral and maxillofacial injuries involving E-bikes or P-scooters. Data were collected from the medical files on demographics, types of injuries, circumstances of occurrence, work-up, treatment, and outcome. Use of a helmet was recorded in each case. Results Of the total 1417 patients referred to the emergency department for E-bike and P-scooter-related trauma, 62 had oral and maxillofacial injuries, including 57 riders and 5 pedestrians. All had hard- or soft-tissue injuries; 20 (32.2%) had head injuries and 22 (35.5%) had dentoalveolar injuries. Eleven riders had worn a helmet at the time of injury (17.7%). Helmet use was associated with time of injury (weekday/weekend, daytime/night-time), type of motorized vehicle (E-bike or P-scooter), head injury, and number of bone fractures. Head injuries occurred more often on the weekend (57.9%) than during the week (20.9%) and were more likely to occur in riders who were not protected by a helmet (37.3% vs 18.2%). Patients who used helmets also had a lower rate of fractured bones (18.2%) and dentoalveolar injuries (23.7%) than patients who did not (68.8 and 37.3%, respectively). Interestingly, helmet use had no protective effect on soft-tissue injuries. Conclusions Helmet use by E-bike and P-scooter riders decreased the probability of head injury and of hard tissue and dentoalveolar injuries. These results may provide guidance for effective legislation and regulation of helmet use and improved treatment protocols for general and dental physicians.

Background and Objectives: Immediate implant placement (IIP) is a popular surgical procedure with a 94.9–98.4% survival rate and 97.8–100% success rate. In the posterior mandible, it poses a risk of injury to adjacent anatomical structures if the implant engages apical bone. This study sought to assess the implant dimensions that allow for circumferential bone engagement at each position in the posterior mandible without additional apical drilling. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study design was used. The pre-extraction cone beam computed tomography scans of 100 candidates for IIP were analyzed. Measurements of each root of the posterior mandibular second premolar, first molar, and second molar were taken from three aspects: buccolingual, mesiodistal, and vertical. Two-sided p values &lt, 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 478 mandibular teeth and 781 roots were assessed. Based on Straumann® BLX/BLT implant-drilling protocols, predicted rates of radiological circumferential engagement (RCE) were 96% for implants 5 mm in diameter in the second premolar root position, 94% for implants 4.0–4.2 mm in diameter in the first molar root position, and 99% for implants 4.5–4.8 mm in diameter in the second molar root position. Corresponding rates of achieving an available implant length (AIL) of 10 mm were 99%, 90%, and 86%. Patients &lt, 40 years old were at higher risk of lower RCE and lower AIL (p &lt, 0.005) than older patients for all roots measured. Conclusions: The high primary stability prediction rates based on the calculation of RCE and AIL support the use of IIPs without further apical drilling in the posterior mandible in most cases.

We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a support group in the management of burning mouth syndrome (BMS). The cohort included 22 adult patients with BMS who attended the oral and maxillofacial department of a tertiary medical center in 2014–2019 and agreed to participate in the study. Eleven patients were assigned to a support group and took part in 90 min sessions held once weekly for 4 weeks (a total of 4 sessions), and the remainder continued their previous individual BMS management routine (control group). All patients completed a life-quality questionnaire before and 3 months after the group sessions. Scores for each group were compared between the two time points with a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. There was a significant decrease in scores for malaise (p = 0.041), total pain (p = 0.046), and difficulty enjoying food (p = 0.026) before and after the group sessions in the study group. No significant changes were found in the control group in any of the parameters examined. A group support can alleviate pain and other clinical symptoms of BMS. Further longer-term prospective studies are needed to corroborate our findings.

Background and Overview Needle breakage when administering local anesthetic in the oral cavity can be of major concern to both the patient and the dentist. Intraoperative navigation has become the most popular advanced imaging technique. Case Description In this report, the authors describe a case of needle breakage during inferior alveolar nerve block for a dental procedure. Using preoperative imaging, the authors located the needle and removed it while the patient was under general anesthesia. The authors review studies and case reports similar to the pre- and intraoperative imaging modalities presented in their report. Conclusions and Practical Implications Preoperative 3-dimensional imaging is sufficient for establishing the exact location of the broken needle, especially in cases in which potential migration is unlikely.

Angiolipoma, distinguishable from other lipomas by its excessive degree of vascular vessels, are rare in the head and neck and require unique management. A slow growing mass, located underneath the inferior border of the right mandibular angle of a 51-year-old female, was excised under general anesthesia. Unexpected excessive bleeding during the excision was observed and the histological specimen was diagnosed as angiolipoma. As shown in this case report, pre-operative imaging modalities have a crucial influence and are sufficient to diagnose and manage angiolipomas. The “Gold standard” treatment is excision with clear margins and bleeding management should be taken into account according to appropriate differential diagnosis.

Plexiform ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive odontogenic tumor, rare in the anterior mandible. The treatment of choice is resection with 1–3 cm free margins. In most of reported cases, the affected mandible is reconstructed by autogenic bone graft or osseocutaneous microvascular free flap in order to return function and esthetics. Case description: A 2 cm diameter exophytic ameloblastoma, located in the anterior mandible of a 50-year-old male was resected and reconstructed in a unique manner—allogenic bone block, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP) and xenograft particles via transcutaneous submental approach. After bone maturation, dental implants were placed and restored by fixed prosthetics. Practical implications: Mandible reconstruction modalities have a crucial influence on patient quality of life, function and esthetics. Allogenic bone block combined with rhBMP and xenograft particles can replace the traditional autogenous bone in certain circumstances. A submental transcutaneous “tent pole” approach can improve the success rate of the reconstruction procedure.

“Big-nose variant” is an anatomical phenomenon defined as the pneumatization of inferior third of the nasal cavity within the alveolar ridge while simultaneously displacing the maxillary sinus laterally. The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence of the big-nose variant phenomenon and suggest a morphology classification system. Diagnostic anatomical evaluation was performed in a tertiary medical center on 321 randomly selected maxillary cone beam computerized tomography scans of patients who presented at an oral and maxillofacial department. Two anatomical categories were defined for anatomical identification: classes for horizontal mesiodistal distribution, and divisions for vertical distribution. Class 2, defined as location of the nasal/sinus border between the distal edge of the canine up to the distal edge of second premolar, was found to be the most prevalent (64.6%). Class 3, defined as location of the nasal/sinus border distal to mesial edge of the first molar, was found in 17.9% of cases. Regarding the divisions category, in 96% and 58.2% of teeth examined, nasal cavity alone was found to be superior to the canine and first premolar, respectively, defined as Division A. In 46.9% and 85.6% of teeth examined, maxillary sinus alone was located above the second premolar and first molar, respectively, defined as Division C. Identifying Class 3 on the paraxial reconstruction is the first step in identifying big-nose variant, with further assurance gained from each determining division. The use of the classes and divisions may enable better maxillary treatment planning, alert surgeons for the unexpected, and avoid complications.

To retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of subgingival debridement (e.g. scaling and root planing, SRP) and application of either a chlorhexidine chip (PerioChip, PC) or Arestin (AR) minocycline microspheres in patients with chronic periodontitis during supportive periodontal treatment (SPT).Patients diagnosed with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis who were treated with SRP and a slow-release device during SPT were evaluated (total n = 53; n = 37 received PC, n = 16 received AR). Clinical measurements at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months included changes in probing pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and clinical attachment level (CAL).Both treatments led to a reduction in PD and gain of CAL. AR showed higher improvements in pockets of ≥7 mm compared with PC. In contrast, PC was more effective in 5-6 mm PD. At one year following treatment, both treatments reduced the need-for-surgery index (95% to 100%) of the sites at baseline to 30% for AR and 42% for PC, with no differences between PC and AR.In patients enrolled in SPT, the use of both PC and AR in conjunction with subgingival mechanical debridement represents an effective treatment modality for improving the clinical outcomes and reducing the need for surgery.