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Abstract The number of patients with bone defects caused by trauma and diseases has been increasing year by year. The treatment of bone defects remains a major challenge in clinical practice. Bone scaffolds are increasingly favored for repairing bones, with triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) scaffolds emerging as a popular option due to their superior performance. The aim of this review is to highlight the crucial influence of pore structure on the properties of TPMS bone scaffolds, offering important insights for their innovation and production. It briefly examines various elements that influence the properties of TPMS bone scaffolds, such as pore shape, porosity, pore diameter, and curvature. By analyzing these elements, this review serves as a valuable reference for upcoming research and practical implementations in the field of bone tissue engineering. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Background The ORIENT-15 double-blind randomized controlled trial demonstrated that the addition of sintilimab to chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) resulted in better clinical outcomes. In this analysis, we sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of sintilimab as a first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic OSCC from a healthcare system perspective in China. Methods A partitioned survival model was constructed to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing chemotherapy alone with sintilimab for locally advanced or metastatic OSCC patients. Clinical data were obtained from the ORIENT-15 trial and extrapolated to 10 years. Health state utilities and costs were sourced from the literature and from public healthcare institutions. The primary outcomes included the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Two different sensitivity analyses, one-way and probabilistic, were performed to assess model uncertainty. Results Sintilimab-based chemotherapy was more costly ($31699.21 vs. $20687.42) and more effective (0.74 vs. 0.53) than placebo-based chemotherapy, resulting in an ICER of $51908.19 /QALY, which is greater than the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of China ($38223/QALY). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the PFS and cost of sintilimab were the major influencing factors affecting the results. Conclusions In patients with locally advanced or metastatic OSCC, sintilimab chemotherapy could improve survival time and health benefits compared with traditional chemotherapy, but the present analysis suggests that sintilimab is not a cost-effective treatment option in China.

Abstract Background The intricate anatomical variations in lung structure often perplex thoracic surgeons, and the accurate identification of these variations is closely associated with favorable surgical outcomes. Case presentation A 53-year-old female patient who underwent computed tomography (CT) examination due to chest discomfort, revealing the presence of a partial solid nodule highly suspected of early-stage lung cancer, measuring approximately 2.8 × 2.6 cm in the left lower lobe. Consequently, the patient underwent a single direction thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy and lymph node dissection. Intraoperatively, while attempting to dissect and free the left lower lobe vein from surrounding tissues, technical difficulties were encountered. Upon meticulous review of preoperative CT scans during surgery, an anomalous connection between the lingular vein of the left upper lobe and the left lower lobe vein was identified. Once this anatomical variation was confirmed, surgical intervention proceeded uneventfully without any significant complications. Conclusion Precise recognition of pulmonary anatomical structures before and during surgery is paramount in recognizing rare variations such as this one as it aids in preventing potential intraoperative injuries and minimizing postoperative complications.

Abstract Genetic transformation is a pivotal approach in plant genetic engineering. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and cash crop, but the stable genetic transformation of peanut is still difficult and inefficient. Recently, the pollen tube injection pathway has been shown to be effective for the genetic transformation of peanut. However, the poor reproducibility of this pathway is still controversial. In this study, the appropriate time and location of injection, along with transgenic screening, were systematically investigated in the pollen tube mediated peanut genetic transformation. Our findings revealed that Agrobacterium injections could be conducted within a time window of two to three hours preceding and succeeding the blooming process. Among the various selective markers evaluated, the Basta screening emerged as the most expedient, followed closely by the DsRed visual screening. According to resistance screening and molecular identification, the average transformation efficiency was 2.6% in the heritable transgenic progenies, which was more likely affected by individual operation by style cavity injection. Furthermore, the use of synergistic FT artificially regulated the blooming of peanuts under indoor conditions, facilitating operations involving keel petal injection and ultimately enhancing the genetic transformation efficiency. Thus, our study systematically validated the feasibility of peanut genetic transformation through an optimized pollen-tube injection technique without tissue culture, potentially guiding future advancements in peanut engineering and molecular breeding programs.

Abstract Background Maintaining a healthy diet during pregnancy is vital for reducing the risk of adverse birth outcomes. However, conventional methods of assessing the dietary behavior of pregnant women, such as the FFQ, are often time-consuming. This study aims to develop a concise nutritional screening questionnaire tailored for pregnant women, empowering prenatal healthcare providers to quickly identify key adverse dietary behaviors and provide targeted guidance. Methods To validate the Pregnancy Nutrition Checklist, we enrolled 208 women in early pregnancy and 200 women were included to analysis (with an average age of 31.54 ± 4.24 years). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to assess the relative reliability of the Pregnancy Nutrition Checklist compared with the FFQ scale. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test the structural validity of the scale. A generalized linear model was used to analyze the correlation between dietary behavior and birth weight. Results The pregnancy nutrition checklist includes 15 dietary items and 3 other lifestyle habit items. Compared with traditional FFQ questionnaires, the correlation analysis of corresponding items in the pregnancy nutrition checklist revealed statistical significance (p

MicroRNA (miRNA) is broadly manifested in eukaryotes and serves as a critical function in biological development and disease occurrence. With the rapid advancement of experimental research tools, researchers have discovered functional correlations among different miRNA isoforms and clusters within the same miRNA family. As a highly conserved member in the miR-23-27-24 cluster, miR-23 exhibits different isoforms and participates in various essential development. Although the miR-23-27-24 cluster has overlapping target sites, their differential expression can demonstrate independent biological functions. Furthermore, the untapped effects of miR-23 on organisms, whether as a functional cluster or a single regulator, has not been systematically elucidated yet. In this review article, we analyze the genomic location of miR-23 and its sequence variances among its isoforms or family members while summarizing its regulatory functions in metabolic diseases, immune responses, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, organ development as well as nervous system function. This review highlights the significant role of miR-23 as a biomarker for disease diagnosis and a key regulatory factor in pathogenesis, which can help us comprehend the diverse functions of miRNAs and provide a theoretical reference for the functional differences among miRNA isoforms.

The young generation in Indonesia is confronted with specific challenges in navigating the adverse effects of globalisation, which have the potential to erode the values enshrined in Pancasila. This research project aims to investigate the efficacy of the Pancasila Dialectic Project model in the character formation of the younger generation, with a particular focus on the realisation of the values of Pancasila through innovative approaches. The methodology employed is a literature review, encompassing an examination of the theoretical foundations of the model and an analysis of empirical data derived from its implementation. The Pancasila Dialectic Project model employs a dialectic approach that engages the younger generation in open discussion through the use of a podcast format, which aligns with their digital lifestyle. The findings demonstrate that this model not only enhances comprehension of Pancasila but also fosters moral development through the cultivation of critical and collaborative dispositions. The results provide substantial evidence that a dialectical approach can be an efficacious strategy in fortifying the values of Pancasila among the younger generation, as well as promoting constructive discourse on national identity in the contemporary global context.

Background: Patients with hematological malignancies face an increased risk of developing second primary neoplasms due to various factors, including immune system compromise and chemotherapy-related effects. However, the incidence and associated risk factors in older patients remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the incidence, identify risk factors, and evaluate their impact on survival outcomes among older patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: This retrospective single-center study analyzed data from 163 patients, focusing on the occurrence of second primary neoplasms. Cumulative incidence rates were calculated, and risk factor analysis was conducted using a competing risk model. Results: Among 124 eligible patients with a total follow-up duration of 572.57 person-years, the incidence rate of second primary neoplasms was 15.72/1000 person-years. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.39–1.48], P = 0.518). History of radiotherapy emerged as a significant risk factor (sub-distribution hazard ratio [SHR] = 21.61 [2.81–166.14], P = 0.003), whereas regular natural killer (NK) cell infusion was associated with reduced risk (SHR = 3.25 e−8 [9.81 e−9–1.08 e−7], P ＜ 0.001). Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of informing older patients with hematological malignancies about the long-term risks of second primary neoplasms. Healthcare providers should carefully weigh risk factors when formulating treatment strategies. The results are valuable for investigating the fundamental principles underlying the occurrence and progression of second primary neoplasms.

Abstract With the increase in mining depth and intensity, dynamic disasters such as rockburst in mines are becoming more severe. Deep resource extraction is characterized by a high in-situ stress geological environment, closely associated with geological dynamic disasters. However, there is currently no quantitative analysis method for the correlation between the two. In this study, an elastic energy density calculation method is employed, considering the dissipative effect of the self-weight stress field on the tectonic stress field. The remaining energy, referred to as impact energy, is used to classify the risk of coal seam impact, providing a computational method for rapid assessment of impact risk before mining production. The proposed calculation method is compared with 22 mine impact engineering practices in the literature, showing accurate predictions for 21 mines. Since measuring in-situ stress and coal seam physical and mechanical properties is a preliminary work in coal seam extraction, the comprehensive analysis of these data holds significant research and practical value.

Abstract Background Environmental pollution and energy poverty have always been serious challenges for the global energy system. Results Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2020, this paper uses FE and sys-GMM models to explore the impact of environmental regulations and climate change on energy poverty. The results show that climate change increases energy poverty, with rising energy for cooling in hot summers, and unchanged income in the short term. Moreover, environmental regulation plays a moderating role between climate change and energy poverty. Specifically, economical environmental regulation has a negative moderating effect, while legal and supervised environmental regulations have positive moderating effects. Finally, the national basic energy poverty line used is lower than that in the eastern region, higher than that in the western region, and close to that in the central region, which reflects the heterogeneity of energy poverty in different regions of China. Conclusions The findings in this paper clarify the nexus between climate change, environmental regulation, and energy poverty, addressing in this way a gap in existing research, which has great significance for environmental and energy policy makers.

BackgroundIn online mental health communities, the interactions among members can significantly reduce their psychological distress and enhance their mental well-being. The overall quality of support from others varies due to differences in people’s capacities to help others. This results in some support seekers’ needs being met, while others remain unresolved. ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine which characteristics of the comments posted to provide support can make support seekers feel better (ie, result in cognitive change). MethodsWe used signaling theory to model the factors affecting cognitive change and used consulting strategies from the offline, face-to-face psychological counseling process to construct 6 characteristics: intimacy, emotional polarity, the use of first-person words, the use of future-tense words, specificity, and language style. Through text mining and natural language processing (NLP) technology, we identified linguistic features in online text and conducted an empirical analysis using 12,868 online mental health support reply data items from Zhihu to verify the effectiveness of those features. ResultsThe findings showed that support comments are more likely to alter support seekers’ cognitive processes if those comments have lower intimacy (βintimacy=–1.706, P

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy and safety of four intervention methods—traditional Chinese manipulation combined with acupuncture, acupuncture alone, manipulation alone, and traction—for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).MethodsA prospective, multi-arm, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial was conducted between July 2021 and June 2024. A total of 240 eligible LDH patients were randomized into four groups (60 patients per group) in a 1:1:1:1 ratio: manipulation combined with acupuncture group, manipulation group, acupuncture group, and traction group. Each treatment lasted for 3 weeks. Changes in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores were recorded before treatment, at 1 and 3 weeks during treatment, and at 1 and 3 months post-treatment. Adverse events were also monitored.ResultsA total of 210 patients completed the follow-up. At the 3-week (day 21) and 3-month (day 111) follow-ups, the acupuncture + manipulation group showed the most significant improvements, with VAS scores decreasing by 63.34% and 68.30% and JOA scores increasing by 55.17% and 58.33%. The acupuncture group showed VAS score reductions of 55.04% and 59.29% and JOA score increases of 44.52% and 48.29%. The manipulation group reported VAS score reductions of 51.73% and 55.02% and JOA score increases of 41.16% and 45.27%. The traction group demonstrated the least improvement, with VAS scores decreasing by 43.25% and 45.73% and JOA scores increasing by 30.55% and 33.97%. Statistical analysis indicated that the acupuncture + manipulation group had significantly better improvements in VAS and JOA scores than the other three groups during treatment and follow-up periods (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the acupuncture and manipulation groups (P > 0.05), while the traction group showed significantly less improvement compared to the other groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that acupuncture combined with spinal manipulation significantly reduces pain and improves lumbar function in LDH patients compared to other tested interventions. The symptom relief rate was significantly higher in the acupuncture + manipulation group compared to the acupuncture, manipulation, and traction groups.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier ChiCTR2200058598.

The African leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Delile) is an Indonesian plant used by the community as a traditional medicine. V.amygdalina contains active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids which have antibacterial properties. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity and the most effective concentration of purified extracts of V.amygdalina against the Escherichia coli bacteria. V.amygdalina simplicia was extracted using the maceration method. Ethanolic extract V.amygdalina was tested for the quality of the extract parameters and purified. Then, the purified extract V.amygdalina was tested for phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria by well-diffusion with concentrations of 30%, 40%, and 50%. The result of the quality parameter test for ethanolic extract V.amygdalina meets the requirements of specific and non-specific parameters. Purified extract V.amygdalina positively contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Antibacterial activity of 0.05% chloramphenicol and purified extract V.amygdalina concentrations of 30%, 40%, and 50% against Escherichia coli bacteria had inhibition of 23.42 mm, 8.40± 0.315 mm, 9.44± 0.543 mm, and 11.59 ± 1,640 mm. The produced most effective inhibition was at a concentration of 50%. The results showed that the purified extract of V.amygdalina has antibacterial activity in the moderate to strong category, and the most effective concentration against Escherichia coli bacteria is the concentration of 50%.

Pneumonia patients with complex diseases require a variety of drugs so the possibility of drug interactions also increases. This study aims to determine patient characteristics, potential drug interactions, severity, description of the type of drug and number of interacting drugs, as well as the relationship between patient characteristics and drug interactions. This type of research is a retrospective analytical descriptive study. The research sample was the medical records of patients diagnosed with pneumonia who met the inclusion criteria. Determination of drug interactions using the Medscape application. The analysis uses a correlation test to determine the relationship between the number of drugs and comorbidities with potential drug interactions. The characteristics of patients based on age are 46-65 years (36%), the majority of gender is male (52%), the number of drugs most frequently used is ≥ 5 types of drugs (94%), the predominant comorbidity is asthma (19.3%). The number of potential drug interactions occurred in 60 patients (67%) out of a total of 90 pneumonia patients. The highest level of severity of potential drug interactions was 55.2%. The type and number of drugs that interacted most were dexamethasone with omeperazole (13.2%). The results of the Chi Square correlation test obtained a significance value of 0.00 where the significance result was

This study aims to analyze in depth the protection of children after divorce through the decision of the Medan City Religious Court according to Law No. 23 of 2002. This type of research is a qualitative empirical study with a case study approach, laws and regulations in the KHI and conceptually. The data collection methods used are interviews, observations, and documentation. The subject of the study was the head of the Medan City Religious Court. The results of the study describe that (1) The regulation of legal protection for children after divorce in the Medan City Religious Court is based on seven legal bases as rules in deciding child custody cases in the Medan City Religious Court, (2) The application of the law to child custody after divorce in the Medan City Religious Court is in accordance with Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning child protection even though there are several obstacles and barriers. The solution to overcome all of this is the need for re-socialization of the application of Law No. 23 of 2002, (3) The judge's considerations in deciding child custody after divorce in the Medan City Religious Court are based on the principles of justice, legal certainty and a problematic, social, psychological approach in order to achieve a decision that satisfies both parties.

Introduction With the development of the medical system and the diversification of patient needs, nurse practitioners (NPs) play an increasingly important role in medical practice, assuming more responsibilities and powers, including the right to prescribe. However, in the process of exercising the right to prescribe, NPs may face various obstacles, and there are also some promoting factors. Therefore, this study aims to deeply explore the obstacles and promoting factors in the prescription process of NPs through a qualitative meta-analysis and comprehensive method, so as to provide a basis for improving the prescription practice of NPs, improving nursing quality and patient satisfaction.Methods and analysis This study will adhere to the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. A comprehensive literature search and analysis of studies on nurse are prescribed via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. Two independent reviewers will select articles, extract data and appraise study quality. Content analysis will be used to synthesise outcomes, and methodological quality and evidence quality will be assessed. The quality of the articles will be assessed using the 10-item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval will not be required for this study, as it solely encompasses data derived from previously published research. The findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal. In addition, the results will be actively shared at major academic conferences focused on nursing research and healthcare policy to ensure that the study’s outcomes reach key stakeholders, including healthcare practitioners, policymakers and researchers. This targeted dissemination strategy aims to promote the integration of the findings into practice and future research. This protocol is registered with the PROSPERO prospective database of systematic review.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023398567.

In the last 40 years, there has been a notable rise in the occurrence of diabetes within China, leading to the country now having the highest number of individuals affected by this condition globally. This prospective observational study examined the effect of different baseline relative leukocyte telomere length (RTL) and the combined effect of baseline RTL and plasma phospholipid fatty acid (PPFA) on the risk of developing diabetes. Adults from Ningxia Province who underwent baseline and follow-up surveys were included in the study. The correlation between the baseline RTL and PPFA was investigated using a multiple linear regression model. The combined effects of baseline RTL and PPFA levels on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were investigated using a Cox regression model with time as the covariate. A total of 1461 study subjects were included in this study. According to the diagnostic criteria of the Chinese Diabetes Society, 141 subjects developed T2DM during the follow-up period. The baseline age was negatively correlated with RTL. After adjustment for age, C16:0, C18:1 n-9, C20:4 n-6, C20:3 n-3, and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) concentrations were negatively correlated with RTL. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that C16:0 and MUFA concentrations influenced RTL. Subjects with shorter RTL at baseline had a higher risk of developing diabetes than those with longer RTL. Subjects with shorter RTL and higher C16:0 and MUFA concentrations at baseline had a higher risk of developing T2DM than those with longer RTL and lower C16:0 and MUFA concentrations. Our findings indicated that PPFA affects changes in RTL. In addition, RTL and PPFA are associated with the occurrence of T2DM.

In this era of globalization, students in Indonesia face increasingly complex challenges in understanding, addressing, and contributing to global issues. However, the existing curriculum often fails to provide adequate perspectives and skills to tackle these global problems. Therefore, this research aims to provide students with a holistic, practical, and relevant learning experience to address global challenges through a Team-Based Project strategy that integrates compulsory courses in higher education with a global citizenship education approach. Cross-curricular collaboration helps students see the interconnectedness of various disciplines, which is essential in addressing complex global issues. Survey results indicate a variation of views among student groups regarding their understanding of global issues. This innovative learning strategy utilizes principles of behaviorist theory, such as stimulus-response, positive reinforcement, and social interaction, to create an engaging, relevant, and responsive learning environment tailored to students' needs. Through involvement in joint projects focused on global issues, students are stimulated to contribute and take concrete actions in seeking solutions and bringing about positive change on a larger scale. Thus, this learning strategy is expected to enhance students' understanding, skills, and commitment to addressing global challenges in the contemporary era.

Abstract Polyploidization plays an important role in plant evolution and biodiversity. However, intraspecific polyploidy compared to interspecific polyploidy received less attention. Clintonia udensis (Liliaceae) possess diploid (2n = 2x = 14) and autotetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) cytotypes. In the Hualongshan Mountains, the autotetraploids grew on the northern slope, while the diploids grew on the southern slopes. The clonal growth characteristics and clonal architecture were measured and analyzed by field observations and morphological methods. The diversity level and differentiation patterns for two different cytotypes were investigated using SSR markers. The results showed that the clonal growth parameters, such as the bud numbers of each rhizome node and the ratio of rhizome branches in the autotetraploids were higher than those in the diploids. Both the diploids and autotetraploids appeared phalanx clonal architectures with short internodes between ramets. However, the ramets or genets of the diploids had a relatively scattered distribution, while those of the autotetraploids were relatively clumping. The diploids and autotetraploids all allocated more biomass to their vegetative growth. The diploids had a higher allocation to reproductive organs than that of autotetraploids, which indicated that the tetraploids invested more resources in clonal reproduction than diploids. The clone diversity and genetic diversity of the autotetraploids were higher than that of the diploids. Significant genetic differentiation between two different cytotypes was observed (P

Abstract With the shift of coal seam mining to the deep, the in-situ stress of coal and rock mass increases gradually. High ground stress can limit the generation of rock cracks caused by blasting, and blasting usually shows different crushing states than low stress conditions. In order to study the blasting expansion rule of rock mass with cavity under high ground stress and the rock mass fracture state under different side stress coefficients. In this paper, the effective range of blasting and the stress distribution under blasting load are analyzed theoretically. The RHT (Riedel-Hiermaier-Thoma) model is used to numerically simulate the blasting process of rock mass with cavity under different ground stress, and the influence of ground stress and lateral pressure coefficient on the crack growth of rock mass is studied. The results show that when there is no ground stress, the damage cracks in rock mass are more concentrated in the horizontal direction and the fracture development tends to the direction where the holes are located, which confirms the guiding effect and stress concentration effect of the holes in rock mass, which helps to promote the crack penetration between the hole and the hole. The length difference of horizontal and vertical damage cracks in rock mass increases with the increase of horizontal and vertical stress difference. Under the same lateral stress coefficient, the larger the horizontal and vertical stress difference is, the stronger the inhibition effect on crack formation is. For blasting of rock mass with high ground stress, the crack formation length between gun holes decreases with the increase of stress level, and the crack extends preferentially in the direction of higher stress. Therefore, the placement of gun holes along the direction of greater stress and the shortening of hole spacing are conducive to the penetration of cracks between gun holes and empty holes. The research can provide reference for rock breaking behavior of deep rock mass blasting.

Abstract Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is the predominant cause of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Impaired blood supply and reduced osteogenic activity of the femoral head are the key pathogenic mechanisms of SONFH. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels are not only a biomarker for early vascular lesions caused by abnormal mineral metabolism, but can also act directly on the peripheral vascular system, leading to vascular pathology. The aim of this study was to observe the role of FGF23 on bone microarchitecture and vascular endothelium, and to investigate activation of pyroptosis in SONFH. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with methylprednisolone (MPS) was applied for SONFH mouse models, and adenovirus was used to increase or decrease the level of FGF23. Micro-CT and histopathological staining were used to observe the structure of the femoral head, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the vascular density. The cells were further cultured in vitro and placed in a hypoxic environment for 12 h to simulate the microenvironment of vascular injury during SONFH. The effect of FGF23 on osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining and expression of bone formation-related proteins. Matrigel tube formation assay in vitro and immunofluorescence were used to detect the ability of FGF23 to affect endothelial cell angiogenesis. Steroids activated the pyroptosis signaling pathway, promoted the secretion of inflammatory factors in SONFH models, led to vascular endothelial dysfunction and damaged the femoral head structure. In addition, FGF23 inhibited the HUVECs angiogenesis and BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. FGF23 silencing attenuated steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by inhibiting the pyroptosis signaling pathway, and promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro.

The study examines the phenomenon of a significant increase in female migrant workers in Karawang Regency, an area with the highest Regency/City Minimum Wage (MSW) in West Java. The research aims to identify the factors that drive women in Karawang to become migrant workers and analyze the impact of such migration on family welfare from the perspective of Islamic law. Using a qualitative approach, the study found that several factors, such as education level, family economic condition, social status, job competitiveness, and divorce rate, play a significant role in encouraging women to become migrant workers. The results show that women's migration has multiple positive and negative impacts on family welfare. In the context of Islamic law, the research concludes that the activities of female migrant workers are permissible.

This local wisdom encourages strong social relations within the Toba Batak community, while al-Ghazali's thought emphasizes individual virtues in Islam. This research aims to understand the contribution of each concept in shaping moral character and moral thinking, as well as exploring the similarities and differences between the two. Apart from that, this research also aims to highlight the relevance and applicability of these two concepts in the context of modern life. This research uses a qualitative approach by analyzing relevant literature about Dalihan Na Tolu's local wisdom and al-Ghazali's moral thoughts. The data was analyzed thematically to identify the two concepts' patterns, similarities, and differences. The research results show that Dalihan Na Tolu local wisdom and al-Ghazali's moral thoughts have significant value in forming moral and moral character. Even though they come from different cultural and religious backgrounds, they can complement each other in enriching their understanding of morality and morals. In addition, this research also highlights the importance of integrating local and universal values in the formation of sustainable moral character in modern society. This research underlines the importance of understanding and appreciating cultural and religious values in the formation of moral and moral character. By utilizing the local wisdom of Dalihan Na Tolu and al-Ghazali's moral thinking, we can develop a holistic and inclusive approach to creating a more ethical and harmonious society. Kearifan lokal ini mendorong hubungan sosial yang kuat dalam komunitas Batak Toba, sementara pemikiran al-Ghazali menekankan kebajikan individual dalam Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami kontribusi masing-masing konsep dalam membentuk karakter moral dan pemikiran akhlak, serta mengeksplorasi kesamaan dan perbedaan di antara keduanya. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menyoroti relevansi dan aplikabilitas kedua konsep ini dalam konteks kehidupan modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis literatur yang relevan tentang kearifan lokal Dalihan Na Tolu dan pemikiran akhlak al-Ghazali. Data dianalisis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola, kesamaan, dan perbedaan antara kedua konsep tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kearifan lokal Dalihan Na Tolu dan pemikiran akhlak al-Ghazali memiliki nilai yang signifikan dalam pembentukan karakter moral dan akhlak. Meskipun berasal dari latar belakang budaya dan agama yang berbeda, keduanya dapat saling melengkapi dalam memperkaya pemahaman tentang moralitas dan akhlak. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menyoroti pentingnya integrasi nilai-nilai lokal dan universal dalam pembentukan karakter moral yang berkelanjutan dalam masyarakat modern. Penelitian ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya memahami dan menghargai nilai-nilai budaya dan agama dalam pembentukan karakter moral dan akhlak. Dengan memanfaatkan kearifan lokal Dalihan Na Tolu dan pemikiran akhlak al-Ghazali, kita dapat mengembangkan pendekatan yang holistik dan inklusif dalam menciptakan masyarakat yang lebih beretika dan harmonis.

Abstrak: Tanbih Tarekat Qodiriyah Naqsyabandiyah (TQN) Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya bukan hanya wasiat guru untuk muridnya, tetapi juga menjadi pedoman dalam berperilaku beragama, berbangsa, bernegara, dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis nilai pedagogik dalam Tanbih TQN Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur yakni kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat, serta mengelolah bahan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi dokumentasi yakni mencari atau menggali data dari literatur terkait apa yang dimaksudkan dalam rumusan masalah, selanjutnya data di analisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Data primer yang digunakan adalah naskah Tanbih, sedangkan, data skunder berupa buku dan jurnal yang sesuai dengan kajian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tanbih TQN Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya mengandung empat belas nilai pedagogik yaitu rukun, hati-hati, taat, istiqomah, introsfeksi, sopan santun, kolaborasi atau gotong royong, saling menghargai, keteladanan, simpati dan empati, toleransi, waspada, tujuan hidup, dan sungguh-sungguh. Nilai pedagogik tersebut harus menjadi pedoman bagi pendidik dan dapat diimplementasikan dalam proses pendidikan di lingkungan Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya. Abstrac: Tanbih TQN Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya is not only a teacher's testament to his students, but also a guideline for religious, national, state and educational behavior. This study aims to describe and analyze the pedagogical values in Tanbih Tarekat Qodiriyah Naqsyabandiyah (TQN) Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya. The method used is literature study, namely activities related to methods of collecting library data, reading and taking notes, and managing research materials. The data collection technique used is documentation study, which involves searching for or extracting data from literature related to the research question. The data is then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The primary data used is the Tanbih manuscript, while the secondary data consists of books and journals relevant to the study.The results of the study show that Tanbih TQN Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya contains fourteen pedagogical values, namely harmony, caution, obedience, istiqomah, introspection, courtesy, collaboration or mutual cooperation, mutual respect, example, sympathy and empathy, tolerance, alertness, purpose in life, and mean it. These pedagogical values must be a guide for educators and can be implemented in the educational process within the Suryalaya Islamic Boarding School environment.

The present research aimed to study the effects of lower plant residues of (Cladophora glomerata, Chara sp., and Ceratophyllum demersum) with three treatments of 0.5, 1%, and 1.5% as an allelopathic agent on the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germination, growth properties, chlorophyll content, and relative growth rate (RGR). Statistically, a completely randomized design (CRD) was used with four replications, and Duncan’s test was applied to compare means. Results showed that using Chara sp. at a dose of 1.5% significantly (P≤0.05) increased shoot weight, number of spikes, and the total weight of seed, while spike length significantly increased at a 1% dose. Cladophora sp. at 1.5% dose significantly(P≤0.05) increased plant length, shoot weight, spike length, number of spikes, and the total weight of seed compared to the control plant. However, the flag leaf length was increased significantly (P≤0.05) at 1% treatment. Ceratophyllum demersum at 1% and 1.5 % doses (P≤0.05) causes increases in the total chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll a. The highest inhibition percentage was observed at a 1% dosage of Cladophora glomerata residues.

Abstract. Background:. Histological healing is closely associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes and lowered relapses in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we developed a novel diagnostic criterion for assessing histological healing in UC patients. Methods:. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in UC patients, whose treatment was iteratively optimized to achieve mucosal healing at Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University from January 2017 to May 2022. We identified an inflammatory cell enumeration index (ICEI) for assessing histological healing based on the proportions of eosinophils, CD177+ neutrophils, and CD40L+ T cells in the colonic lamina propria under high power field (HPF), and the outcomes (risks of symptomatic relapses) of achieving histological remission vs. persistent histological inflammation using Kaplan–Meier curves. Intrareader reliability and inter-reader reliability were evaluated by each reader. The relationships to the changes in the Nancy index and the Geboes score were also assessed for responsiveness. The ICEI was further validated in a new cohort of UC patients from other nine university hospitals. Results:. We developed an ICEI for clinical diagnosis of histological healing, i.e., Y = 1.701X1 + 0.758X2 + 1.347X3 − 7.745 (X1, X2, and X3 represent the proportions of CD177+ neutrophils, eosinophils, and CD40L+ T cells, respectively, in the colonic lamina propria under HPF). The receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis revealed that Y

Manusia sebagai makhluk sosial tidak dapat terlepas dari lingkungan sosialnya, salah satunya adalah lingkungan pertemanan. Lingkungan ini menjadi sangat penting karena dapat mempengaruhi kepribadian dan perilaku seseorang. Terlebih, dewasa ini generasi muda sangat menggemari game online yang seringkali dibarengi dengan perilaku trash talking. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan dari lingkungan pertemanan dengan perilaku trash talking di dalam gim Valorant. Metode penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik korelasi. Populasi penelitian yakni mahasiswa aktif S1 UPI sebanyak 11.639 dengan responden penelitian sebanyak 127 orang mahasiswa yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan penelitian ini dilakukan di UPI. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan korelasi yang sedang antara variabel lingkungan pertemanan dengan variabel perilaku trash talking. Semakin tinggi pengaruh lingkungan pertemanan, maka semakin tinggi pula hubungannya dengan perilaku trash talking. Dengan demikian, lingkungan pertemanan pada kalangan mahasiswa UPI memiliki hubungan terhadap terjadinya perilaku trash talking dalam gim Valorant. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi sebagai sarana pemahaman baru daripada fenomena trash talking yang lebih relevan dengan generasi masa kini melalui game online dan menjadi referensi bagi generasi muda untuk mengetahui hubungan lingkungan pertemanan dengan perilaku trash talking dalam game online.

Link prediction, the process of uncovering potential relationships between nodes in a network through the use of deep learning techniques, is commonly applied in fields such as network security and information mining. It has been utilized to identify social engineering attacks, fraudulent activities, and privacy breach risks by predicting links between nodes within a network. However, the topology of mobile social networks is subject to change over time, and the sparsity of links affects the accuracy of predictions. To address the issue of strong sparsity in link prediction for mobile social networks, a deep learning-based prediction method named DLMSSLP (deep learning-based method for mobile social networks with strong sparsity for link prediction) was developed. This method was designed to employ a combination of a Graph Auto-Encoder (GAE), feature matrix aggregation, and multi-layer long short-term memory networks (LSTM). It aimed to reduce the learning cost of the model, process high-dimensional and nonlinear network structures more effectively, and capture the temporal dynamics within mobile social networks, thereby enhancing the model’s predictive capability for the generation of existing links. When compared to other methods, DLMSSLP demonstrated significant improvements in AUC and ER metrics, showcasing the model’s high accuracy and robustness in predicting uncertain links.

Generally, diabetic wounds heal very slowly and inefficiently with an increasing risk of infections. Recent nanotechnology and biomaterial advances elaborate developed multi-functional hydrogels and nanoparticles offer promising solutions to accelerate wound healing for diabetic patients. This research work demonstrates to use of solvent diffusion method to develop hydrogel nanocomposites composed of chitosan (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), gold (Au), and fibroblast growth factors (FGF). The biological analysis of nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing efficiency by incorporating bioactive molecules like FGF and bioactive Au nanoparticles. In vitro, cell compatibility analysis (MTT assay) of prepared hydrogel nanocomposites was studied on fibroblast cell lines NIH-3T3-L1 and L929 and exhibited greater cell survival ability (>90 %), cell proliferation and migration ability, which demonstrated the suitability of nanocomposite for wound healing treatment. In vitro, anti-bacterial analyses established that FGF-Au@CS/HA has strong antibacterial effectiveness against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. The observation of the present research revealed that prepared FGF-Au@CS/HA hydrogel composites could be a suitable biomaterial for diabetic wound care, potentially improving its antibacterial and healing efficacies.

Flooding and changes in riverbed morphology often become issues near river confluences, as observed at the confluence of Citarum Hilir and Cibeet Rivers. This study aims to analyze the cross-sectional capacity and riverbed changes around the confluence of Citarum Hilir and Cibeet Rivers. This study utilizes 1D numerical modeling MIKE 11 with Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Modules. The hydrodynamic modeling inputs are river network and cross-sectional profiles. Hydrographs with return periods of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years are used as upstream boundaries, and a discharge curve is used as the downstream boundary of the model. The model is calibrated using water surface elevation measurements taken from September 13-16, 2021. The hydrodynamic modeling results indicate that Citarum Hilir and Cibeet Rivers cannot convey flood discharges with a 2-year return period. The sediment transport modeling results show no significant changes in the riverbed of Citarum Hilir before the confluence, but degradation of approximately 0.38 – 0.46 meters occurs after the confluence. Degradation happens in zones of maximum velocity where flow turbulence and shear stress increase, causing erosion of the Citarum Hilir riverbed. Degradation also occurs near the Cibeet River confluence due to flow acceleration at the outer bend of the river. Flooding and sediment transport are natural factors that can alter the morphology of river confluences, such as the confluence of Citarum Hilir and Cibeet Rivers. Keywords: Citarum river, Cibeet river, river confluence, hydrodinamic modeling, sedimen transport modeling

Abstract Rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries are promising for large‐scale energy storage due to their low cost and high safety; however, their energy density has reached the ceiling based on conventional cathodes with a single cationic redox reaction mechanism. Herein, a highly reversible cathode of typical layered vanadium oxide is reported, which operates on both the cationic redox couple of V5+/V3+ accompanied by the Zn2+ storage and the anionic O–/O2– redox couple by anion hosting in an aqueous deep eutectic solvent electrolyte. The reversible oxygen redox delivers an additional capacity of ∼100 mAh g–1 at an operating voltage of ∼1.80 V, which increases the energy density of the cathode by ∼36%, endowing the cathode system a record high energy density of ∼506 Wh kg–1. The findings highlight new opportunities for the design of high‐energy zinc batteries with both Zn2+ and anions as charge carriers.

ObjectiveThis study systematically analyzes the prevalence of sleep disturbance in patients with endometriosis.MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Internet Database (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database were searched from their establishment to January 2024, using the search terms endometriosis and sleep disturbance to collect relevant literature on the prevalence of sleep disturbance in patients with endometriosis. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias. The prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with endometriosis was systematically analyzed using Stata17.0 software.ResultsSixteen studies with 2573 participants were included. The prevalence of sleep disturbance in patients with endometriosis was 70.8% (95% confidence interval: 60.7%~80.9%). The said prevalence was higher in China than in Iran and the European countries (78.2 vs. 57.6 vs. 64.4, Q=9.27, P=0.010) and increased significantly since 2018 (79.0 vs. 61.3, Q=3.97, P=0.046). This prevalence was significantly higher in the cohort study than that in cross-sectional and case-control studies (84.0 vs. 74.0 vs. 59.5, Q=7.16, P=0.028).ConclusionThe prevalence of sleep disturbance is high in patients with endometriosis, particularly in China and its prevalence has increased significantly in recent years. Appropriate interventions are recommended to effectively prevent or minimize sleep disturbances in patients with endometriosis.

Summary: Background: In the EC-CRT-001 phase II study, the combination of toripalimab (an anti-programmed death-1 antibody) and definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has shown promising efficacy in patients with locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here, we reported the long-term outcomes and post-hoc exploratory analyses. Methods: This single-arm, phase II trial enrolled 42 patients diagnosed with unresectable stage I–IVA ESCC was conducted at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between November 2019 and January 2021. Treatment consisted of chemotherapy (weekly 50 mg/m2 of paclitaxel and 25 mg/m2 of cisplatin for five cycles), concurrent radiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions), and toripalimab (240 mg every 3 weeks for up to 1 year). The primary endpoint was clinical complete response (CR) rate at 3 months after CRT completion. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were evaluated. Additionally, the exploratory objectives included analysing recurrence patterns, assessing the associations between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and efficacy, and identifying potential predictors for irAEs. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04005170). Findings: With a median follow-up of 44.3 months (IQR 40.8–46.1), the 3-year OS and PFS rates were 44.8% (95% CI 31.9–62.8) and 35.7% (95% CI 23.8–53.6), respectively. Patients who failed to achieve a clinical complete response (CR) demonstrated significantly worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 13.73, 95% CI 4.43–42.54, P

BackgroundAs the population ages, the occurrence of cognitive decline and dementia is continuously increasing. Frailty is a prevalent problem among older adults. Epidemiologic studies have shown a comorbidity between frailty and cognitive impairment. However, their relationship remains unclear. The frailty index is an important indicator for measuring frailty. This study aims to investigate the relationship between frailty index and cognitive dysfunction in older adults aged 60 years and older in the United States from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsCommunity-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older from 2011 to 2014 were extracted from the NHANES database. The frailty index was calculated using the formula: frailty index = total number of deficits present/total number of deficits measured. The Animal Fluency (AF), the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR), and Word Learning (CERAD-WL) were used to evaluate cognitive dysfunction. Firstly, weighted logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between frailty index and cognitive dysfunction. Secondly, the influence of covariates on the frailty index was evaluated by subgroup analysis and interaction. Finally, the non-linear relationship is discussed by using the restricted cubic spline regression model.ResultsOur study included a total of 2,574 patients, weighted logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for all covariates, showed that the frailty index was associated with every test score. The interaction showed that covariates had no significant effect on this association in AF. The association between the frailty index and AF in the restricted cubic spline regression model is non-linear. As the frailty index increased, the risk of AF reduction increased, suggesting a higher risk of cognitive dysfunction.ConclusionIn general, a high frailty index appears to be associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. Consequently, protecting against cognitive decline necessitates making geriatric frailty prevention and treatment top priorities.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding the association between ozone exposure and adverse sperm quality. We aimed to assess the association between ozone exposure and sperm quality, and identify susceptible exposure windows. Methods: We recruited 32,541 men aged between 22 and 65 years old attending an infertility clinic in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China from 2014 to 2020. Ozone data were obtained from a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the association between ozone exposure and sperm quality parameters, including sperm concentration, sperm count, sperm total motility, and sperm progressive motility during the entire stage of sperm development (0–90 days before ejaculation) and three crucial stages (0–9 days, 10–14 days and 70–90 days before ejaculation). Stratified analyses were performed to evaluate whether associations varied by age, body mass index, and education levels. Results: The final analysis included 27,854 adult men. A 10 μg/m3 increase in ozone concentrations during the entire stage of sperm development was associated with a −4.17 % (95 % CI: −4.78 %, −3.57 %) decrease in sperm concentration, −6.54 % (95 % CI: −8.03 %, −5.60 %) decrease in sperm count, −0.50 % (95 % CI: −0.66 %, −0.34 %) decrease in sperm total motility, and −0.07 % (95 % CI: −0.22 %, 0.09 %) decrease in sperm progressive motility. The associations were stronger during 70–90 days before ejaculation and among men with middle school and lower education for sperm concentration. Conclusions: Ozone exposure was associated with decreased sperm quality among Chinese adult men attending an infertility clinic. These results suggest that ozone may be a risk factor contributing to decreased sperm quality in Chinese men.

Surface-modified nanoparticles are commonly used to improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). However, fewer studies have been devoted to quantitatively revealing the action mechanism of graphene (Gr) modified with different functional groups on the mechanical and tribological properties of PTFE. Herein, the effects of four functional groups (−OH, −NH2, −COOH, and −COOCH3 functional groups) on the surface of Gr nanosheets on the mechanical and tribological properties of PTFE nanocomposites are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that the incorporation of functional groups to the Gr surface is able to significantly improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the nanocomposites, and the COOH-functionalized Gr nanosheet shows the best reinforcing effect due to the synergistic effect of its own high surface roughness and strong interfacial interaction between itself and the matrix. It is also found that the friction coefficient of the nanocomposites is obviously increased by the inclusion of functionalized Gr nanosheets, and the greater the surface roughness of the functionalized Gr nanosheet, the more significant the growth of the friction coefficient of the nanocomposites. The pull-out test and confined shear simulation reveal that due to the increased interfacial shear strength and the isolation of functional groups, an inhomogeneous transfer film is formed at the friction interface, leading to a decreased anti-friction property. This study provides some guidance for the future design and development of polymer nanocomposites with excellent mechanical and tribological performance for use in extreme service conditions.

IntroductionSenecavirus A (SVA), belonging to the genus Senecavirus in the family Picornaviridae, is an emerging pathogen causing vesicular disease in pigs. The main clinical manifestations of SVA infection include high mortality in neonatal piglets, skin ulceration, and vesicular lesions. So far, there is no commercially available vaccines or drugs against SVA. Construction of SVA infectious clones carrying reporter genes will help understand the characteristics of SVA and promote vaccine development.MethodsIn this study, we established a reverse genetics system for a local SVA isolate and used it to rescue a recombinant SVA, rSVA-eGFP, expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) by inserting eGFP, GSG linker and the P2A sequence between 2A and 2B genes.ResultsWe found that rSVA-eGFP exhibited a high replication efficiency comparable to the parental virus, was able to express the eGFP reporter efficiently and stable in maintaining the reporter gene up to six rounds of serial passages in BHK-21 cells. In mice, rSVA-eGFP also showed similar replication kinetics and pathogenicity to the parental virus, both causing mild lung lesions. In addition, a high-throughput viral neutralization assay was developed using eGFP as a surrogate readout in a fluorescence-based direct titration (FBT) assay based on rSVA-eGFP, facilitating rapid and accurate determination of the neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers.DiscussionThe successful establishment of an SVA reverse genetics system and the rescue of rSVA-eGFP would create a powerful tool for future studies of SVA replication mechanisms and pathogenicity as well as for antiviral development.

Kelompok Tani Mandiri Rancage Curugrendeng memiliki jumlah anggotanya sebanyak 63 orang dan saat ini berkegiatan dalam usaha budidaya rumput dengan luas kebun mencapai 62 hektar yang tersebar di tiga wilayah yaitu di Subang, Sumedang dan Purwakarta. Hasil panen berupa rumput segar dikirim ke industri peternakan sapi yang ada di sekitar Subang dan Bandung. Setiap kelompok rata-rata dapat mengirim rumput setiap bulannya sekitar 180 ton. Kondisi saat ini kelompok tani masih mengalami masalah dalam peningkatan panen rumput karena keterbatasan sumber daya manusia untuk memanen. Dengan cara panen yang manual dan alat bantu arit dan parang, hasil panennya baru mencapai 6-7 ton/hari/7jam yang dikerjakan oleh lima orang mulai dari memotong, mengumpulkan serta memuat ke dalam mobil truk.Untuk memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang terjadi pada kelompok tani Mandiri Rancage, maka Tim Pengabdian Universitas Subang melakukan pendampingan pelatihan pengoperasian mesin pemotong (reaper 4GL120, hand tractor 101 Diesel 188) untuk memanen rumput,Hasil dari pendampingan pelatihan pengoperasian mesin pemotong, terpilih dua orang operator untuk mengoperasikan mesin pemotong dan hasil aplikasi mesin dilapangan ada peningkatan kapasitas panen rumput rata-rata mencapai 10-14 ton/hari.

Anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum spp.) in chili can lead to low fruit quantity and quality from planting to the postharvest stage. The environmentally friendly management using chitosan (CS) is expected to suppress anthracnose disease and increase the shelf-life of chili. This study aimed to determine the effect of the chitosan-tripolyphosphate (CS-TPP) to suppress anthracnose on chili during postharvest storage through in-vitro and in-vivo assays. In the in-vitro assay, CS-TPP solution with a ratio of [5:2] and [3:1] was applied into a warm Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. It was grown by Colletotrichum pathogen, while on in vivo assay, CS-TPP was applied to chili fruit before being inoculated by the pathogen. A control treatment was prepared without CS-TPP application. Results revealed that the CS-TPP ratios affected the growth of Colletotrichum spp. at the in-vitro assay. The CS-TPP [5:2] ratio was more effective than CS-TPP [3:1] in reducing the growth of Colletotrichum spp. with the fungal inhibition of 62,65% and 55,56%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. Moreover, it also showed anthracnose disease suppression on chili fruit of 51%, and 29%, respectively, compared to control treatment at in-vivo assay. This study showed the potential use of CS-TPP as a coating application for anthracnose disease management on storage chili, however further study such as viability and longevity of formula need to be done.

Abstract Background Carbon nano sol (CNS) can markedly affect the plant growth and development. However, few systematic analyses have been conducted on the underlying regulatory mechanisms in plants, including tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Results Integrated analyses of phenome, ionome, transcriptome, and metabolome were performed in this study to elucidate the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the CNS-promoting growth of tobacco plants. We found that 0.3% CNS, facilitating the shoot and root growth of tobacco plants, significantly increased shoot potassium concentrations. Antioxidant, metabolite, and phytohormone profiles showed that 0.3% CNS obviously reduced reactive oxygen species production and increased antioxidant enzyme activity and auxin accumulation. Comparative transcriptomics revealed that the GO and KEGG terms involving responses to oxidative stress, DNA binding, and photosynthesis were highly enriched in response to exogenous CNS application. Differential expression profiling showed that NtNPF7.3/NtNRT1.5, potentially involved in potassium/auxin transport, was significantly upregulated under the 0.3% CNS treatment. High-resolution metabolic fingerprints showed that 141 and 163 metabolites, some of which were proposed as growth regulators, were differentially accumulated in the roots and shoots under the 0.3% CNS treatment, respectively. Conclusions Taken together, this study revealed the physiological and molecular mechanism underlying CNS-mediated growth promotion in tobacco plants, and these findings provide potential support for improving plant growth through the use of CNS.

On Earth, high-speed rotating blades and rotors experience hypergravity, which is mainly derived from centrifugal force. Aluminum alloys are widely used in high-speed rotating machines. In particular, 7075 aluminum has excellent properties, providing it with great potential for application in high-temperature rotating parts. In this work, the cracking behavior and microstructural evolution characteristics of high-speed rotating blades under different stresses were studied. A specifically designed instrument and blades with multiple necks were assembled, and the stress was tuned by adding weight to the blade tip. Each rotating blade cracked on its root neck, indicating that the gradient hypergravitational force decreased from the root to the tip. The degree of high-temperature cracking obviously increased with a sawtooth-like tip, but the degree of low-temperature cracking did not obviously increase with a smooth tip. A comparison under a constant uniaxial force required a greatly increased ultimate cracking strength that was approximately 10–18 times greater than that under hypergravitational force at the same temperature. Force analysis indicated that the coupling of hypergravitational forces in the normal direction and torsional forces in the tangential direction accelerated cracking. A uniaxial force caused grains to extend along the blade direction. However, a tangential force cut these extended grains to accelerate cracking and grain refining. In this study, real-world simulated service conditions for commercial alloys rotating at high speeds and a new understanding of the mechanical properties of alloys under various severe conditions were provided.

ABSTRAK Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Bandung Barat menunjukkan tingkat rata-rata pertumbuhan kunjungan wisatawan ke Kabupaten Bandung Barat periode 2021-2022 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 12,1%. Sedangkan rata-rata pertumbuhan kunjungan wisatawan ke Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang hanya mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2%. Fenomena tersebut dapat mengindikasikan adanya kenaikan revisit intention Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang yang jauh lebih rendah dari pada kunjungan wisatawan ke Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh destination image, tourist engagement, dan tourist happiness terhadap revisit intention melalui memorable tourist experience wisatawan Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang. Sebanyak 164 responden yang berpengalaman mengunjungi Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Metode cross-sectional atau one-shot digunakan untuk mendapatkan data. Instrumen telah dinyatakan lulus uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah structural equation modelling (SEM) dengan menggunakan alat bantu Smart-PLS versi 3.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa destination image dan tourist happiness berpengaruh positif terhadap memorable tourist experience. Selain itu, destination image, tourist engagement dan tourist happiness berpengaruh positif terhadap revisit intention. Kata Kunci: Destination Image; Tourist Engagement; Tourist Happiness, Memorable Tourist Experience, Revisit IntentionABSTRACK Based on data from the West Bandung Regency Tourism and Culture Office, it shows that the average growth rate of tourist visits to West Bandung Regency for the 2021-2022 period has increased by 12.1%. Meanwhile, the average growth in tourist visits to Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang only increased by 2%. This phenomenon could indicate an increase in revisit intention for Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang which is much lower than tourist visits to West Bandung Regency. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of destination image, tourist engagement, and tourist happiness on revisit intention through memorable tourist experiences of Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang tourists. A total of 164 respondents who had experience visiting Orchid Forest Cikole Lembang participated in this research. The cross-sectional or one-shot method is used to obtain data. The instrument has been declared to have passed the validity and reliability tests. The data analysis technique used is structural equation modeling (SEM) using the Smart-PLS version 3.0 tool. The results showed that destination image and tourist happiness have a positive effect on memorable tourist experience. Apart from that, destination image, tourist engagement and tourist happiness have a positive effect on revisit intention. Keywords: Destination Image; Tourist Engagement; Tourist Happiness, Memorable Tourist Experience, Revisit Intention

ABSTRAK Mengacu pada sumber data yang diperoleh dari Top Brand Award (2023) diketahui bahwa pertumbuhan Top Brand Index (TBI) Trans Studio pada periode 2021-2022 mengalami penurunan sebesar 1,4%. Salah satu ukuran TBI adalah Commitment Share menunjukkan kekuatan merek dalam mendorong pelanggan untuk membeli kembali di masa mendatang. Fenomena tersebut dapat mengindikasikan terjadinya penurunan Loyalty pengunjung Trans Studio. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh destination image dan perceived value terhadap loyalty yang dimediasi oleh memorable tourism experience Trans Studio di Kota Bandung. Sebanyak 120 responden yang berpengalaman mengunjungi Trans Studio Bandung berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Metode cross-sectional atau one shot digunakan untuk mendapatkan data. Instrumen telah lulus uji validitas dan reliabilitas yang meliputi convergent validity, discriminant validity, dan composite reliability. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah structural equation modelling (SEM) dengan bantuan SmartPLS versi 3.0. Dari lima belas hipotesis penelitian yang diusulkan, dua belas diantaranya didukung oleh data empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa destination image dan perceived value berpengaruh positif terhadap hedonism, refreshment, dan meaningfulness lalu hedonism dan meaningfulness berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalty serta hedonism dan meaningfulness memediasi pengaruh destination image dan perceived value terhadap loyalty. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi penelitian selanjutnya dan pihak pengelola objek yang dinilai dan industri wisata pada umumnya. Kata Kunci: Destination image, perceived value, memorable tourism experience, loyalty. ABSTRACT Referring to the data source obtained from the Top Brand Award (2023), it is known that the growth of Trans Studio's top brand index (TBI) in the 2021-2022 period has decreased by 1.4%. One measure of TBI is commitment share, which shows the strength of the brand in encouraging customers to repurchase in the future. This phenomenon may indicate a decrease in the loyalty of Trans Studio visitors. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of destination image and perceived value on loyalty mediated by Trans Studio's memorable tourism experience in Bandung City. A total of 120 respondents who had experience visiting Trans Studio Bandung participated in this research. The cross-sectional or one shot method is used to obtain data. The instrument has passed validity and reliability tests which include convergent validity, discriminant validity and composite reliability. The data analysis technique used is structural equation modeling (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS version 3.0. Of the fifteen proposed research hypotheses, twelve are supported by empirical data. The results showed that, destination image and perceived value have a positive effect on hedonism, refreshment and meaningfulness, then hedonism and meaningfulness have a positive effect on loyalty and hedonism and meaningfulness mediate the effect of destination image and perceived value on loyalty. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide benefits for further research and the managers of the objects being assessed and the tourism industry in general. Keywords: Destination image, perceived value, memorable tourism experience, loyalty.

Abstract In the current solution for multiwavelength achromatic flat lenses, a one-to-one correspondence exists between the number of writing phase distributions and the number of achromatic wavelengths. Breaking this correspondence requires a complex phase design and parameter optimization. Here, we show that a dual-layer cascade liquid crystal Pancharatnam-Berry lens (CLCPBL) with two writing phase distributions and a specific coupled phase distribution between the layers can achieve three wavelength achromaticity without any parameter optimization process. Similarly, in a three-layer cascade, the number of achromatic wavelengths increases to seven through the permutations of the layers, with adjustable amplitude factors. We fabricate a three-layer CLCPBL with the design wavelengths of 396.8 nm, 1064 nm, and 1550 nm, which theoretically allows the light at 632.8, 532.8, 3383 and 450 nm to form a common focus, and test such structure. Our CLCPBL enables a wider range of applications than conventional achromatic flat lenses.

Abstract Linear ubiquitination catalyzed by HOIL-1-interacting protein (HOIP), the key component of the linear ubiquitination assembly complex, plays fundamental roles in tissue homeostasis by executing domain-specific regulatory functions. However, a proteome-wide analysis of the domain-specific interactome of HOIP across tissues is lacking. Here, we present a comprehensive mass spectrometry-based interactome profiling of four HOIP domains in nine mouse tissues. The interaction dataset provides a high-quality HOIP interactome resource with an average of approximately 90 interactors for each bait per tissue. HOIP tissue interactome presents a systematic understanding of linear ubiquitination functions in each tissue and also shows associations of tissue functions to genetic diseases. HOIP domain interactome characterizes a set of previously undefined linear ubiquitinated substrates and elucidates the cross-talk among HOIP domains in physiological and pathological processes. Moreover, we show that linear ubiquitination of Integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK) decreases focal adhesion formation and promotes the detachment of Shigella flexneri-infected cells. Meanwhile, Hoip deficiency decreases the linear ubiquitination of Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 1 (SMURF1) and enhances its E3 activity, finally causing a reduced bone mass phenotype in mice. Overall, our work expands the knowledge of HOIP-interacting proteins and provides a platform for further discovery of linear ubiquitination functions in tissue homeostasis.

Abstract Background Rhubarb is one of common traditional Chinese medicine with a diverse array of therapeutic efficacies. Despite its widespread use, molecular research into rhubarb remains limited, constraining our comprehension of the geoherbalism. Results We assembled the genome of Rheum palmatum L., one of the source plants of rhubarb, to elucidate its genome evolution and unpack the biosynthetic pathways of its bioactive compounds using a combination of PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore, Illumina, and Hi-C scaffolding approaches. Around 2.8 Gb genome was obtained after assembly with more than 99.9% sequences anchored to 11 pseudochromosomes (scaffold N50 = 259.19 Mb). Transposable elements (TE) with a continuous expansion of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTRs) is predominant in genome size, contributing to the genome expansion of R. palmatum. Totally 30,480 genes were predicted to be protein-coding genes with 473 significantly expanded gene families enriched in diverse pathways associated with high-altitude adaptation for this species. Two successive rounds of whole genome duplication event (WGD) shared by Fagopyrum tataricum and R. palmatum were confirmed. We also identified 54 genes involved in anthraquinone biosynthesis and other 97 genes entangled in flavonoid biosynthesis. Notably, RpALS emerged as a compelling candidate gene for the octaketide biosynthesis after the key residual screening. Conclusion Overall, our findings offer not only an enhanced understanding of this remarkable medicinal plant but also pave the way for future innovations in its genetic breeding, molecular design, and functional genomic studies.

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated the relationship between adipocyte factors, insulin resistance, and other indicators with telomere length. However, these studies did not consider the influence of changes in different indicators on telomere length over time. Therefore, the aim of this study is to elucidate the impact of changes in adipocyte factors, HOMA-IR, and other indicators on the dynamic variation of telomere length. Methods The data were from a cohort study conducted in Ningxia, China. A total of 1624 subjects were analyzed. Adipokines and relative leukocyte telomere length (RLTL) were measured, and changes in Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostatic Model Assessment for β-Cell Function (HOMA-β), and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) were calculated. Generalized linear models evaluated associations between changes in adipokines and RLTL changes. Furthermore, univariate analyses examined the effects of changes in adipokines and insulin resistance indicators on ΔRLTL. Results The research findings indicate that females generally have shorter telomeres compared to males. In comparison to the low-level group of Δleptin (LEP), the high-level group of ΔLEP shows a negative correlation with ΔRLTL (B=-1.32, 95% CI (-2.38, -0.27)). Even after multivariable adjustments, this relationship persists (B=-1.31, 95% CI (-2.24, -0.23)). Further analysis reveals that after adjusting for ΔHOMA-IR, ΔHOMA-β, and ΔQUICKI, the high-level group of ΔLEP still exhibits a significant negative correlation with ΔRLTL (B=-1.37, 95% CI (-2.43, -0.31)). However, the interaction effects between ΔHOMA-IR, ΔHOMA-β, ΔQUICKI, and ΔLEP do not affect ΔRLTL. Conclusions Elevated levels of leptin were significantly correlated with shortened telomere length. This suggests that increased leptin levels may impact overall individual health by affecting telomere length, underscoring the importance of measures to reduce leptin levels to mitigate the onset and progression of related diseases.