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Visco-plasticity characterized by yield stress is an important rheological property of composite propellant suspensions. The yield stress along with viscosity affects various unit operations in propellant processing as well as the quality of final product. The characterization of yield stress of propellant suspensions using direct measurement techniques, such as forced falling ball and slump test is described. The slump test is a simple and quick measurement tool with applicability at processing site whereas forced ball drop is useful for measurement of very high yield stress. The yield stress measurement of propellant suspension of four different compositions with varying particle size and volume fraction using above methods is reported and results are compared with vane geometry of rotational rheometer. Further, the yield stress behavior was studied for the propellant compositions with increasing solid loading. The dependence of yield stress of the studied propellant compositions on the reduced packing fraction f/fm of solids is established and expressed by a mathematical correlation. In addition, effect of vibration on yield stress was also studied using slump test.

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bawal, Haryana imparted training to 120 trainees on mushroom cultivation by conducting four vocational training courses during 2022-23. In order to evaluate these training programmes, present study was undertaken to find out the knowledge gain of the participants. The data were collected on the socio-economic profile of the participants and the purpose of their participation in the vocational trainings. The gain in knowledge of the trainees was calculated through pre- and post-training tests. It was found that almost half of the respondents (50.36%) were in the age group of 26-40 years; majority of the respondents (46.40%) were landless farm labourers and belonged to backward class (60.00%); most of the trainees (45.00%) were educated up to primary level and majority of the trainees (53.30%) were involved in farming. Majority of the respondents (48.33%) participated in the trainings to adopt mushroom cultivation as an enterprise. There was considerable gain in knowledge of the respondents after the training programmes. The gain in knowledge of the respondents after the trainings varied from 54.0 to 94.1 per cent on various aspects of mushroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bawal, Haryana, established under the aegis of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, is playing a pivot role in economic empowerment particularly of small farmers, farm women, unemployed youth and landless labourers by organising skill-oriented trainings and establishment of small enterprises which in turn would improve the quality of life of rural families. The present study was carried out in Rewari district of Haryana on 100 randomly selected rural women with respect to entrepreneurship development in mushroom production and assess their social acceptability for mushrooms. The study was carried out using a pre-tested structured interview schedule. Economic viability of the mushroom production was proved as the mushroom yield ranged from 70 to 110 kg/100 kg wheat straw and total income from 100 kg wheat straw ranged from Rs 5,600.00 to 13,200.00 with net profit of Rs 3.800.00 to 10,200.00 in six months. Sixty nine per cent rural women socially accepted the mushroom production as an income generation activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]