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Type II diabetic mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that impairs normal insulin production and glucose transport to the liver and muscles. In the India, about 1–5% population suffer from diabetes or related complication. So there is need to cure this disease. DM chronic auditory complications may include spiral ganglia atrophy, degeneration of the vestibulocochlear nerve myelin sheath, reduction of the number of spiral lamina nerve fibres, and thickening of the capillary walls of the stria vascularis and small arteries. This study aims to know the incidence of common parameters, blood sugar levels, levels of lipids and the hearing thresholds of individuals. It is a Noise-Induced Hearing Loss research study featuring hearing impairment in transport workers diagnosed as type II diabetic. All individuals were interviewed by various questioners related to listening ability of subjects and underwent a physical examination, blood investigations and audiometry. Hearing impairment was more prevalent among adults with diabetes. Sensory neuron hearing loss is predominant in both study groups. Mixed Bilateral Hearing Loss showed significant p value in (>.001) by audiometry. The percentage of hearing loss in diabetes (ranges 5.3–28.1%) and in non-diabetics (ranges 3.4–24.1%) and risk factors in diabetes (ranges 22.8–35.1%) over nondiabetics (ranges 17.2–20.1%) which is eye opener. The correlation between type II diabetes and hearing impairment was independent of known risk factors for hearing impairment, such as noise exposure, build-up wax, ototoxic medication, smoking, tobacco chewing etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) caused by dense deposition of collagen fibers which is a protein. There is a plethora of research to evaluate degree of collagen deposition using various simple histochemical techniques, but its correlation with total serum protein (TSP) level has not been explored so far. Materials and Methods: This case-control study comprised total forty samples with thirty cases of OSMF and ten cases were selected as control group, divided into four groups as per Lai et al. classification. Histological grading was also done according to the Rooban et al.'s classification. Blood sample was collected to evaluate TSP estimation. Findings were tabulated, and comparisons were made between clinical, histological, and TSP estimation. Discrete statistical data were analyzed by Chi-square test, ANOVA, and t-test with a statistical analysis package (SPSS version software 6.0). Results: No significant correlation was obtained between clinical staging and histopathological grading. Definite correlation was obtained in TSP and globulin levels of OSMF patients and their grades of fibrosis histopathologically. Conclusion: In the present study, it was observed that biochemical investigations involving assessment of TSP can be used as a diagnostic tool in OSMF, along with histopathological examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peroxidases have turned out to be potential biocatalyst for a variety of organic reactions. The research work reported in this communication was done with the objective of finding a convenient rich source of peroxidase which could be used as a biocatalyst for organic synthetic reactions. The studies made have shown that Luffa aegyptiaca (gourd) fruit juice contains peroxidase activity of the order of 180 enzyme unit/mL. The Km values of this peroxidase for the substrates guaiacol and hydrogen peroxide were 2.0 and 0.2mM, respectively. The pH and temperature optima were 6.5 and 60?C, respectively. Like other peroxidases, it followed double displacement type mechanism. Sodium azide inhibited the enzyme competitively with Ki value of 3.35mM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present work was to develop stomach specific delivery systems for amoxicillin and metronidazole using chitosan and poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels. Chitosan and poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels were prepared with different composition of copolymers. The hydrogels were evaluated for swelling studies, mucoadhesive studies, in vitro drug release, scanning electron microscopic and FTIR analysis. The effect of chitosan and poly (acrylic acid) on swelling and in vitro drug release was carried out. The n value calculated was <0.5 for all the formulations containing amoxicillin and metronidazole indicating Fickian diffusion mechanism. The hydrogels with chitosan and poly (acrylic acid) ratio of 0.25:1 showed greater mucoadhesive property, maximum swelling and complete release of drugs, hence can be used for stomach specific delivery of drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Productivity of soybean is stagnated due to unbalanced use of fertilizers and unoptimum date of sowing. Keeping this view in mind present experiment was conducted at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Gwalior (M.P.) with 4 sowing dates and 5 integrated nutrient management treatments. The experiment was laid out in split plote design with three replications. Results revealed that sowing on 1st July, with 75% RDF and 2.5 t/ha FYM application gave significantly higher yield (2142.65 kg/ha). Results also proved that the optimum date of sowing (1st July) recorded maximum yield attributes, plant height, (54.38 cm) branch/plant (4.19), pod / plant (28.29), seed/pod (3.00), 1000 grain weight (112.34 g) which were significantly higher than all other sowing dates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]