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In accordance with Islamic sharia, zurri waqf (family waqf) has been used as an instrument for estate planning and family inheritance. The issue of abandoned property management has yet to be fully resolved, and zurri waqf is one option for the estate distribution. In Malaysia, the State Religious Council is the administrator of zurri waqf practices. The implementation, on the other hand, is minimal and not proactive. Hence, the objective of this study is to identify the practice of zurri waqf implementation in Malaysia. This study employs a qualitative interview method with eight respondents. This study discovered that the practice of zurri waqf implementation is at a passive level, but the improvements can still be made. For instance, the rectification in the management procedures can be done as zurri waqf assets have the potential for economy development and ongoing benefit to the family and society in general. The findings of this study in terms of restructuring the existing procedures according with the experts' suggestion such as lineage restrictions on beneficiaries and appointment of zurri waqf consultants may aid in the proactive implementation of zurri waqf as well as the preservation of Muslims' equity in strengthening the economic stability of the family and society in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zurri waqf stands as an alternative for estate planning upon the death of one’s parents. Despite having current alternative such as will writing, faraid and hibah, zurri waqf is viable as instrument to distribute wealth to the loved ones. Data given by Jabatan Ketua Pengarah Tanah dan Galian (JKPTG) in 2019 shows a total of RM60 billion of unclaimed property had been recorded. Amongst of the causes are; absence of will writing and little knowledge of wealth management from the heirs. Thus, zurri waqf stand as one mechanism which can be practiced to assist the parentless child in surviving their lifes. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the zurri waqf instrument as an estate planning and to identify the zurri waqf management procedures in Malaysia. This study is a qualitative nature in the form of interview and content analysis. This paper benefits readers and researchers involved in gaining more knowledge about zurri waqf as a suitable instrument for the estate planning of Muslim property such as land cultivated as agriculture and involving the participation of beneficiaries in waqf assets development that can bring significant impact in the future. In addition, the zurri waqf management procedures need to be improved in order to encourage its implementation in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-level sales marketing methods known as Multilevel Marketing (MLM) are gaining momentum for Malaysians. However, this business has been coupled with various issues that are closely related to the ethics and ethics of the parties involved. MLM is also faced with skepticism and confusion where users mistakenly fail to differentiate legitimate MLM business systems with the Pyramid system or money game so much that some of them equate both. Hence, this article aims to highlight past studies related to the MLM structure and concept and the Pyramid system. Literature analysis is made to find similarities and differences between MLM business systems and Pyramid systems. This study is qualitative by taking a literature review approach. The results show that there are various views from economists in which some analysts align the conventional MLM business concept with the Pyramid system as both are only concerned with the recruitment of downline activities to gain high profits. While some researchers clearly distinguish between these two marketing systems from the perspective of the structure and business concept, where MLM is a business based on the sale of the company's products or services while the Pyramid system focuses more on just downline searches. The implication of another study needs to be done in detail on the structure and shape of the Shariah Compliant MLM as the business system is increasingly accepted by Muslims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the chain of wars which occurred in the Islamic military history based on reports by the most authoritative historian in the 8thH./14th C.E. century, Ibn Kathir al-Dimashqi (700-774H./1301-1373C.E.) in his masterpiece al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah (The Beginning and The End). This study gave emphasis on the written entry by Ibn Kathir on the series of wars which occurred in the eras of Rasulullah (p.b.u.h.), the Rightly-guided Caliphates, the Umayyads, the 'Abbasids, the Ayyubids and the Mamluks. The objectives of this study are to showcase the biography and stature of Ibn Kathir as the grand Islamic historian in the Mamluk era and to highlight the chain of war events according to his masterpice. In this work, a qualitative method was employed via historical study and content analysis by researching the Islamic military historical data available in the work of Ibn Kathir. This study argues that Ibn Kathir was the most prominent scholar and most authoritative historian during the times of the Mamluks; and his book al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah was his greatest contribution to the discipline of Islamic history and civilisation; in particular the field of Islamic military history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]