Search

Your search keyword '"YU, F."' showing total 28,841 results
Start Over Author "YU, F."
28,841 results on '"YU, F."'

1. Search for neutrino doublets and triplets using 11.4 years of IceCube data

Author

Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Agarwalla, S. K., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Alameddine, J. M., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Argüelles, C., Ashida, Y., Athanasiadou, S., Axani, S. N., Babu, R., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Baricevic, M., Barwick, S. W., Bash, S., Basu, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Beise, J., Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Blaufuss, E., Bloom, L., Blot, S., Bontempo, F., Motzkin, J. Y. Book, Meneguolo, C. Boscolo, Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Braun, J., Brinson, B., Brisson-Tsavoussis, Z., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Brusa, L., Burley, R. T., Butterfield, D., Campana, M. A., Caracas, I., Carloni, K., Carpio, J., Chattopadhyay, S., Chau, N., Chen, Z., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Coleman, A., Coleman, P., Collin, G. H., Connolly, A., Conrad, J. M., Corley, R., Cowen, D. F., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Delgado, D., Deng, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierichs, P., Dittmer, M., Domi, A., Draper, L., Dujmovic, H., Durnford, D., Dutta, K., DuVernois, M. A., Ehrhardt, T., Eidenschink, L., Eimer, A., Eller, P., Ellinger, E., Mentawi, S. El, Elsässer, D., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Esmail, W., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Farrag, K., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feigl, N., Fiedlschuster, S., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Fukami, S., Fürst, P., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garcia, A., Garcia, M., Garg, G., Genton, E., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Girard-Carillo, C., Glaser, C., Glüsenkamp, T., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Granados, A., Grant, D., Gray, S. J., Griffin, S., Griswold, S., Groth, K. M., Guevel, D., Günther, C., Gutjahr, P., Ha, C., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hamacher, L., Hamdaoui, H., Minh, M. Ha, Handt, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Hatch, P., Haungs, A., Häußler, J., Helbing, K., Hellrung, J., Hermannsgabner, J., Heuermann, L., Heyer, N., Hickford, S., Hidvegi, A., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hmaid, R., Hoffman, K. D., Hori, S., Hoshina, K., Hostert, M., Hou, W., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., Hymon, K., Ishihara, A., Iwakiri, W., Jacquart, M., Jain, S., Janik, O., Jansson, M., Jeong, M., Jin, M., Jones, B. J. P., Kamp, N., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Kardum, L., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katil, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Khanal, M., Zathul, A. Khatee, Kheirandish, A., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Kobayashi, Y., Kochocki, A., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kowalski, M., Kozynets, T., Krieger, N., Krishnamoorthi, J., Krishnan, T., Kruiswijk, K., Krupczak, E., Kumar, A., Kun, E., Kurahashi, N., Lad, N., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lamoureux, M., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., DeHolton, K. Leonard, Leszczyńska, A., Liao, J., Lincetto, M., Liu, Y. T., Liubarska, M., Love, C., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Madsen, J., Magnus, E., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Manao, E., Mancina, S., Mand, A., Sainte, W. Marie, Mariş, I. C., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Marsee, M., Martinez-Soler, I., Maruyama, R., Mayhew, F., McNally, F., Mead, J. V., Meagher, K., Mechbal, S., Medina, A., Meier, M., Merckx, Y., Merten, L., Mitchell, J., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morii, Y., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Mukherjee, T., Naab, R., Nakos, M., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Negi, A., Neste, L., Neumann, M., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Noda, K., Noell, A., Novikov, A., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, O'Dell, V., Olivas, A., Orsoe, R., Osborn, J., O'Sullivan, E., Palusova, V., Pandya, H., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Parrish, V., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pernice, T., Peterson, J., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Pontén, A., Popovych, Y., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Pries, B., Procter-Murphy, R., Przybylski, G. T., Pyras, L., Raab, C., Rack-Helleis, J., Rad, N., Ravn, M., Rawlins, K., Rechav, Z., Rehman, A., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Riedel, B., Rifaie, A., Roberts, E. J., Robertson, S., Rodan, S., Rongen, M., Rosted, A., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ruohan, L., Ryckbosch, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sampathkumar, P., Sandrock, A., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Savelberg, J., Savina, P., Schaile, P., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schindler, S., Schlickmann, L., Schlüter, B., Schlüter, F., Schmeisser, N., Schmidt, T., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Schwirn, S., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seen, L., Seikh, M., Seo, M., Seunarine, S., Myhr, P. Sevle, Shah, R., Shefali, S., Shimizu, N., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Søgaard, A., Soldin, D., Soldin, P., Sommani, G., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Thiesmeyer, M., Thompson, W. G., Thwaites, J., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Upadhyay, A. K., Upshaw, K., Vaidyanathan, A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Vara, J., Varsi, F., Veitch-Michaelis, J., Venugopal, M., Vereecken, M., Carrasco, S. Vergara, Verpoest, S., Veske, D., Vijai, A., Walck, C., Wang, A., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weldert, J., Wen, A. Y., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Witthaus, L., Wolf, M., Wrede, G., Xu, X. W., Yanez, J. P., Yildizci, E., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Yu, F., Yu, S., Yuan, T., Zegarelli, A., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Zhelnin, P., Zilberman, P., and Zimmerman, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report a search for high-energy astrophysical neutrino multiplets, detections of multiple neutrino clusters in the same direction within 30 days, based on an analysis of 11.4 years of IceCube data. A new search method optimized for transient neutrino emission with a monthly time scale is employed, providing a higher sensitivity to neutrino fluxes. This result is sensitive to neutrino transient emission, reaching per-flavor flux of approximately $10^{-10}\ {\rm erg}\ {\rm cm}^{-2}\ {\rm sec}^{-1}$ from the Northern sky in the energy range $E\gtrsim 50$~TeV. The number of doublets and triplets identified in this search is compatible with the atmospheric background hypothesis, which leads us to set limits on the nature of neutrino transient sources with emission timescales of one month.

Published
2025

2. Leveraging Cross-Attention Transformer and Multi-Feature Fusion for Cross-Linguistic Speech Emotion Recognition

Author

Zhao, Ruoyu, Jiang, Xiantao, Yu, F. Richard, Leung, Victor C. M., Wang, Tao, and Zhang, Shaohu

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Sound
Abstract

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) plays a crucial role in enhancing human-computer interaction. Cross-Linguistic SER (CLSER) has been a challenging research problem due to significant variability in linguistic and acoustic features of different languages. In this study, we propose a novel approach HuMP-CAT, which combines HuBERT, MFCC, and prosodic characteristics. These features are fused using a cross-attention transformer (CAT) mechanism during feature extraction. Transfer learning is applied to gain from a source emotional speech dataset to the target corpus for emotion recognition. We use IEMOCAP as the source dataset to train the source model and evaluate the proposed method on seven datasets in five languages (e.g., English, German, Spanish, Italian, and Chinese). We show that, by fine-tuning the source model with a small portion of speech from the target datasets, HuMP-CAT achieves an average accuracy of 78.75% across the seven datasets, with notable performance of 88.69% on EMODB (German language) and 79.48% on EMOVO (Italian language). Our extensive evaluation demonstrates that HuMP-CAT outperforms existing methods across multiple target languages.

Published
2025

3. Efficient Detection Framework Adaptation for Edge Computing: A Plug-and-play Neural Network Toolbox Enabling Edge Deployment

Author

Wu, Jiaqi, Zhang, Shihao, Chen, Simin, Wang, Lixu, Wang, Zehua, Chen, Wei, He, Fangyuan, Tian, Zijian, Yu, F. Richard, and Leung, Victor C. M.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Edge computing has emerged as a key paradigm for deploying deep learning-based object detection in time-sensitive scenarios. However, existing edge detection methods face challenges: 1) difficulty balancing detection precision with lightweight models, 2) limited adaptability of generalized deployment designs, and 3) insufficient real-world validation. To address these issues, we propose the Edge Detection Toolbox (ED-TOOLBOX), which utilizes generalizable plug-and-play components to adapt object detection models for edge environments. Specifically, we introduce a lightweight Reparameterized Dynamic Convolutional Network (Rep-DConvNet) featuring weighted multi-shape convolutional branches to enhance detection performance. Additionally, we design a Sparse Cross-Attention (SC-A) network with a localized-mapping-assisted self-attention mechanism, enabling a well-crafted joint module for adaptive feature transfer. For real-world applications, we incorporate an Efficient Head into the YOLO framework to accelerate edge model optimization. To demonstrate practical impact, we identify a gap in helmet detection -- overlooking band fastening, a critical safety factor -- and create the Helmet Band Detection Dataset (HBDD). Using ED-TOOLBOX-optimized models, we address this real-world task. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of ED-TOOLBOX, with edge detection models outperforming six state-of-the-art methods in visual surveillance simulations, achieving real-time and accurate performance. These results highlight ED-TOOLBOX as a superior solution for edge object detection.

Published
2024

4. Task-Oriented Real-time Visual Inference for IoVT Systems: A Co-design Framework of Neural Networks and Edge Deployment

Author

Wu, Jiaqi, Chen, Simin, Wang, Zehua, Chen, Wei, Tian, Zijian, Yu, F. Richard, and Leung, Victor C. M.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

As the volume of image data grows, data-oriented cloud computing in Internet of Video Things (IoVT) systems encounters latency issues. Task-oriented edge computing addresses this by shifting data analysis to the edge. However, limited computational power of edge devices poses challenges for executing visual tasks. Existing methods struggle to balance high model performance with low resource consumption; lightweight neural networks often underperform, while device-specific models designed by Neural Architecture Search (NAS) fail to adapt to heterogeneous devices. For these issues, we propose a novel co-design framework to optimize neural network architecture and deployment strategies during inference for high-throughput. Specifically, it implements a dynamic model structure based on re-parameterization, coupled with a Roofline-based model partitioning strategy to enhance the computational performance of edge devices. We also employ a multi-objective co-optimization approach to balance throughput and accuracy. Additionally, we derive mathematical consistency and convergence of partitioned models. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in throughput (12.05\% on MNIST, 18.83\% on ImageNet) and superior classification accuracy compared to baseline algorithms. Our method consistently achieves stable performance across different devices, underscoring its adaptability. Simulated experiments further confirm its efficacy in high-accuracy, real-time detection for small objects in IoVT systems.

Published
2024

8. A Strategy Transfer and Decision Support Approach for Epidemic Control in Experience Shortage Scenarios

Author

Xiao, X., Chen, P., Cao, X., Liu, K., Deng, L., Zhao, D., Chen, Z., Deng, Q., Yu, F., and Zhang, H.

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Physics - Physics and Society, Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Epidemic outbreaks can cause critical health concerns and severe global economic crises. For countries or regions with new infectious disease outbreaks, it is essential to generate preventive strategies by learning lessons from others with similar risk profiles. A Strategy Transfer and Decision Support Approach (STDSA) is proposed based on the profile similarity evaluation. There are four steps in this method: (1) The similarity evaluation indicators are determined from three dimensions, i.e., the Basis of National Epidemic Prevention & Control, Social Resilience, and Infection Situation. (2) The data related to the indicators are collected and preprocessed. (3) The first round of screening on the preprocessed dataset is conducted through an improved collaborative filtering algorithm to calculate the preliminary similarity result from the perspective of the infection situation. (4) Finally, the K-Means model is used for the second round of screening to obtain the final similarity values. The approach will be applied to decision-making support in the context of COVID-19. Our results demonstrate that the recommendations generated by the STDSA model are more accurate and aligned better with the actual situation than those produced by pure K-means models. This study will provide new insights into preventing and controlling epidemics in regions that lack experience., Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures

Published
2024

9. Observation of Seven Astrophysical Tau Neutrino Candidates with IceCube

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Agarwalla, S. K., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Alameddine, J. M., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Ashida, Y., Athanasiadou, S., Axani, S. N., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Baricevic, M., Barwick, S. W., Basu, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Beise, J., Bellenghi, C., Benning, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bontempo, F., Book, J. Y., Meneguolo, C. Boscolo, Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Braun, J., Brinson, B., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burley, R. T., Busse, R. S., Butterfield, D., Campana, M. A., Carloni, K., Carnie-Bronca, E. G., Chattopadhyay, S., Chau, N., Chen, C., Chen, Z., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Connolly, A., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Delgado, D., Deng, S., Deoskar, K., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dittmer, M., Domi, A., Dujmovic, H., DuVernois, M. A., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Ellinger, E., Mentawi, S. El, Elsässer, D., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Farrag, K., Fazely, A. R., Feigl, N., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garcia, A., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goehlke, N., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Gray, S. J., Gries, O., Griffin, S., Griswold, S., Groth, K. M., Günther, C., Gutjahr, P., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hamdaoui, H., Minh, M. Ha, Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Hatch, P., Haungs, A., Helbing, K., Hellrung, J., Henningsen, F., Heuermann, L., Heyer, N., Hickford, S., Hidvegi, A., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hori, S., Hoshina, K., Hou, W., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., Hymon, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacquart, M., Janik, O., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jin, M., Jones, B. J. P., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Kardum, L., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Zathul, A. Khatee, Kheirandish, A., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Kochocki, A., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Kozynets, T., Krishnamoorthi, J., Kruiswijk, K., Krupczak, E., Kumar, A., Kun, E., Kurahashi, N., Lad, N., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lamoureux, M., Larson, M. J., Latseva, S., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Lee, J. W., DeHolton, K. Leonard, Leszczyńska, A., Lincetto, M., Liu, Q. R., Liubarska, M., Lohfink, E., Love, C., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lucarelli, F., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Manao, E., Mancina, S., Sainte, W. Marie, Mariş, I. C., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Marsee, M., Martinez-Soler, I., Maruyama, R., Mayhew, F., McElroy, T., McNally, F., Mead, J. V., Meagher, K., Mechbal, S., Medina, A., Meier, M., Merckx, Y., Merten, L., Micallef, J., Mitchell, J., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morii, Y., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Mukherjee, T., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Nakos, M., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Negi, A., Neumann, M., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Noell, A., Novikov, A., Nowicki, S. C., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, O'Dell, V., Oehler, M., Oeyen, B., Olivas, A., Orsoe, R., Osborn, J., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Peterson, J., Philippen, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Pontén, A., Popovych, Y., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Pries, B., Procter-Murphy, R., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rack-Helleis, J., Rawlins, K., Rechav, Z., Rehman, A., Reichherzer, P., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Riedel, B., Rifaie, A., Roberts, E. J., Robertson, S., Rodan, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ruohan, L., Ryckbosch, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sampathkumar, P., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Savelberg, J., Savina, P., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schindler, S., Schlickmann, L., Schlüter, B., Schlüter, F., Schmeisser, N., Schmidt, T., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Schwefer, G., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seikh, M., Seunarine, S., Shah, R., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Shimizu, N., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Søgaard, A., Soldin, D., Soldin, P., Sommani, G., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Ter-Antonyan, S., Thiesmeyer, M., Thompson, W. G., Thwaites, J., Tilav, S., Tollefson, K., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tung, C. F., Turcotte, R., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Upadhyay, A. K., Upshaw, K., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Vara, J., Veitch-Michaelis, J., Venugopal, M., Vereecken, M., Verpoest, S., Veske, D., Vijai, A., Walck, C., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weldert, J., Wen, A. Y., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C. H., Willey, N., Williams, D. R., Witthaus, L., Wolf, A., Wolf, M., Wrede, G., Xu, X. W., Yanez, J. P., Yildizci, E., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Yu, F., Yu, S., Zhang, Z., Zhelnin, P., Zilberman, P., and Zimmerman, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a measurement of astrophysical tau neutrinos with 9.7 years of IceCube data. Using convolutional neural networks trained on images derived from simulated events, seven candidate $\nu_\tau$ events were found with visible energies ranging from roughly 20 TeV to 1 PeV and a median expected parent $\nu_\tau$ energy of about 200 TeV. Considering backgrounds from astrophysical and atmospheric neutrinos, and muons from $\pi^\pm/K^\pm$ decays in atmospheric air showers, we obtain a total estimated background of about 0.5 events, dominated by non-$\nu_\tau$ astrophysical neutrinos. Thus, we rule out the absence of astrophysical $\nu_\tau$ at the $5\sigma$ level. The measured astrophysical $\nu_\tau$ flux is consistent with expectations based on previously published IceCube astrophysical neutrino flux measurements and neutrino oscillations., Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. This version includes full author list metadata

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. CoRaiS: Lightweight Real-Time Scheduler for Multi-Edge Cooperative Computing

Author

Hu, Yujiao, Jia, Qingmin, Chen, Jinchao, Yao, Yuan, Pan, Yan, Xie, Renchao, and Yu, F. Richard

Subjects
Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Multi-edge cooperative computing that combines constrained resources of multiple edges into a powerful resource pool has the potential to deliver great benefits, such as a tremendous computing power, improved response time, more diversified services. However, the mass heterogeneous resources composition and lack of scheduling strategies make the modeling and cooperating of multi-edge computing system particularly complicated. This paper first proposes a system-level state evaluation model to shield the complex hardware configurations and redefine the different service capabilities at heterogeneous edges. Secondly, an integer linear programming model is designed to cater for optimally dispatching the distributed arriving requests. Finally, a learning-based lightweight real-time scheduler, CoRaiS, is proposed. CoRaiS embeds the real-time states of multi-edge system and requests information, and combines the embeddings with a policy network to schedule the requests, so that the response time of all requests can be minimized. Evaluation results verify that CoRaiS can make a high-quality scheduling decision in real time, and can be generalized to other multi-edge computing system, regardless of system scales. Characteristic validation also demonstrates that CoRaiS successfully learns to balance loads, perceive real-time state and recognize heterogeneity while scheduling., Comment: Accepted by IEEE Internet of Things Journal

Published
2024

11. Empowering Computing and Networks Convergence System with Distributed Cooperative Routing

Author

Hu, Yujiao, Jia, Qingmin, Shen, Meng, Xie, Renchao, Huang, Tao, and Yu, F. Richard

Subjects
Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

The emergence of intelligent applications and recent advances in the fields of computing and networks are driving the development of computing and networks convergence (CNC) system. However, existing researches failed to achieve comprehensive scheduling optimization of computing and network resources. This shortfall results in some requirements of computing requests unable to be guaranteed in an end-to-end service pattern, negatively impacting the development of CNC systems. In this article, we propose a distributed cooperative routing framework for the CNC system to ensure the deadline requirements and minimize the computation cost of requests. The framework includes trading plane, management plane, control plane and forwarding plane. The cross-plane cooperative end-to-end routing schemes consider both computation efficiency of heterogeneous servers and the network congestion degrees while making routing plan, thereby determining where to execute requests and corresponding routing paths. Simulations results substantiates the performance of our routing schemes in scheduling computing requests in the CNC system., Comment: Submit to IEEE Network

Published
2024

29. Three-Arm Spectrometer Scan-3 on Nuclotron Internal Targets

Author

Afanas’yev, S. V., Anisimov, Yu. S., Baskov, V. A., Dryablov, D. K., Dubinchik, B. V., Gmutsa, Sh., Kliman, Ya., Kolesnikov, R. Yu., Krechetov, Yu. F., Kutinova, O. V., Kuznetsov, A. S., L’vov, A. I., Malakhov, A. I., Mateushek, V., Polyanskii, V. V., Sakulin, D. G., Sidorin, S. S., Smirnov, V. A., Sukhov, E. V., Ustinov, V. V., Vartik, V., and Vocal, S.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Pioneering Deterministic Scheduling and Network Structure Optimization for Time-Critical Computing Tasks in Industrial IoT

Author

Hu, Yujiao, Zhu, Yining, Zhang, Huayu, Pan, Yan, Jia, Qingmin, Xie, Renchao, Yang, Gang, and Yu, F. Richard

Subjects
Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has become a critical technology to accelerate the process of digital and intelligent transformation of industries. As the cooperative relationship between smart devices in IIoT becomes more complex, getting deterministic responses of IIoT periodic time-critical computing tasks becomes a crucial and nontrivial problem. However, few current works in cloud/edge/fog computing focus on this problem. This paper is a pioneer to explore the deterministic scheduling and network structural optimization problems for IIoT periodic time-critical computing tasks. We first formulate the two problems and derive theorems to help quickly identify computation and network resource sharing conflicts. Based on this, we propose a deterministic scheduling algorithm, \textit{IIoTBroker}, which realizes deterministic response for each IIoT task by optimizing the fine-grained computation and network resources allocations, and a network optimization algorithm, \textit{IIoTDeployer}, providing a cost-effective structural upgrade solution for existing IIoT networks. Our methods are illustrated to be cost-friendly, scalable, and deterministic response guaranteed with low computation cost from our simulation results., Comment: Under Review

Published
2024

34. A new light at the end of the tunnel: fiber gas discharge lasers

Author

Love, A. L., Bateman, S. A., Belardi, W., Yu, F., Knight, J. C., Coutts, D. W., Webb, C. E., and Wadsworth, W. J.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Optical fibers have emerged as a transformative platform for building better and more robust solid state lasers. However, the wavelengths available to these lasers are limited. Using hollow core optical fibers allows us to add gases as new potential gain media for fiber lasers, and also liberates the gas laser from the limits normally imposed by diffraction. To demonstrate the new technology, we present a fiber laser at 3500 nm wavelength, using an antiresonant guiding hollow core optical fiber containing neutral xenon atoms pumped by an afterglow discharge of a helium-xenon mixture within a fiber of over 1 m in length. Laser action is confirmed through observation of polarization dependence, mode pulling and mode beating. Our results unlock a new breed of flexible fiber lasers operating at a plethora of wavelengths, many previous unavailable., Comment: 10 pages

Published
2023

35. Joint User Association, Interference Cancellation and Power Control for Multi-IRS Assisted UAV Communications

Author

Ning, Zhaolong, Hu, Hao, Wang, Xiaojie, Wu, Qingqing, Yuen, Chau, Yu, F. Richard, and Zhang, Yan

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications are expected to alleviate the load of ground base stations in a cost-effective way. Existing studies mainly focus on the deployment and resource allocation of a single IRS instead of multiple IRSs, whereas it is extremely challenging for joint multi-IRS multi-user association in UAV communications with constrained reflecting resources and dynamic scenarios. To address the aforementioned challenges, we propose a new optimization algorithm for joint IRS-user association, trajectory optimization of UAVs, successive interference cancellation (SIC) decoding order scheduling and power allocation to maximize system energy efficiency. We first propose an inverse soft-Q learning-based algorithm to optimize multi-IRS multi-user association. Then, SCA and Dinkelbach-based algorithm are leveraged to optimize UAV trajectory followed by the optimization of SIC decoding order scheduling and power allocation. Finally, theoretical analysis and performance results show significant advantages of the designed algorithm in convergence rate and energy efficiency.

Published
2023

36. Industrial Internet of Things Intelligence Empowering Smart Manufacturing: A Literature Review

Author

Hu, Yujiao, Jia, Qingmin, Yao, Yuao, Lee, Yong, Lee, Mengjie, Wang, Chenyi, Zhou, Xiaomao, Xie, Renchao, and Yu, F. Richard

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

The fiercely competitive business environment and increasingly personalized customization needs are driving the digital transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. IIoT intelligence, which can provide innovative and efficient solutions for various aspects of the manufacturing value chain, illuminates the path of transformation for the manufacturing industry. It's time to provide a systematic vision of IIoT intelligence. However, existing surveys often focus on specific areas of IIoT intelligence, leading researchers and readers to have biases in their understanding of IIoT intelligence, that is, believing that research in one direction is the most important for the development of IIoT intelligence, while ignoring contributions from other directions. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of IIoT intelligence. We first conduct an in-depth analysis of the inevitability of manufacturing transformation and study the successful experiences from the practices of Chinese enterprises. Then we give our definition of IIoT intelligence and demonstrate the value of IIoT intelligence for industries in fucntions, operations, deployments, and application. Afterwards, we propose a hierarchical development architecture for IIoT intelligence, which consists of five layers. The practical values of technical upgrades at each layer are illustrated by a close look on lighthouse factories. Following that, we identify seven kinds of technologies that accelerate the transformation of manufacturing, and clarify their contributions. The ethical implications and environmental impacts of adopting IIoT intelligence in manufacturing are analyzed as well. Finally, we explore the open challenges and development trends from four aspects to inspire future researches., Comment: Accepted by IoTJ

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. A Survey of Adversarial CAPTCHAs on its History, Classification and Generation

Author

Xu, Zisheng, Yan, Qiao, Yu, F. Richard, and Leung, Victor C. M.

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart, short for CAPTCHA, is an essential and relatively easy way to defend against malicious attacks implemented by bots. The security and usability trade-off limits the use of massive geometric transformations to interfere deep model recognition and deep models even outperformed humans in complex CAPTCHAs. The discovery of adversarial examples provides an ideal solution to the security and usability trade-off by integrating adversarial examples and CAPTCHAs to generate adversarial CAPTCHAs that can fool the deep models. In this paper, we extend the definition of adversarial CAPTCHAs and propose a classification method for adversarial CAPTCHAs. Then we systematically review some commonly used methods to generate adversarial examples and methods that are successfully used to generate adversarial CAPTCHAs. Also, we analyze some defense methods that can be used to defend adversarial CAPTCHAs, indicating potential threats to adversarial CAPTCHAs. Finally, we discuss some possible future research directions for adversarial CAPTCHAs at the end of this paper., Comment: Submitted to ACM Computing Surveys (Under Review)

Published
2023

38. Labile assembly of a tardigrade protein induces biostasis.

Author

Sanchez-Martinez, S, Nguyen, K, Biswas, S, Nicholson, V, Romanyuk, A, Ramirez, J, Kc, S, Akter, A, Childs, C, Meese, E, Usher, E, Ginell, G, Yu, F, Gollub, E, Malferrari, M, Francia, F, Venturoli, G, Martin, E, Caporaletti, F, Giubertoni, G, Woutersen, S, Sukenik, S, Woolfson, D, Holehouse, A, and Boothby, T

Subjects
anhydrobiosis, biomolecular condensation, desiccation tolerance, filament formation, gelation, intrinsically disordered protein, osmotic stress, tardigrade, Animals, Desiccation, Tardigrada, Intrinsically Disordered Proteins, Gels
Abstract

Tardigrades are microscopic animals that survive desiccation by inducing biostasis. To survive drying tardigrades rely on intrinsically disordered CAHS proteins, which also function to prevent perturbations induced by drying in vitro and in heterologous systems. CAHS proteins have been shown to form gels both in vitro and in vivo, which has been speculated to be linked to their protective capacity. However, the sequence features and mechanisms underlying gel formation and the necessity of gelation for protection have not been demonstrated. Here we report a mechanism of fibrillization and gelation for CAHS D similar to that of intermediate filament assembly. We show that in vitro, gelation restricts molecular motion, immobilizing and protecting labile material from the harmful effects of drying. In vivo, we observe that CAHS D forms fibrillar networks during osmotic stress. Fibrillar networking of CAHS D improves survival of osmotically shocked cells. We observe two emergent properties associated with fibrillization; (i) prevention of cell volume change and (ii) reduction of metabolic activity during osmotic shock. We find that there is no significant correlation between maintenance of cell volume and survival, while there is a significant correlation between reduced metabolism and survival. Importantly, CAHS Ds fibrillar network formation is reversible and metabolic rates return to control levels after CAHS fibers are resolved. This work provides insights into how tardigrades induce reversible biostasis through the self-assembly of labile CAHS gels.

Published
2024

39. Pilot Study of a Modified DOPS Scale for Insulin Pump and CGM Installation Training in Chinese Medical Students During Endocrinology Rotations

Author

Yuan Y, Wang C, Wen S, Li Y, Xu C, Yu F, Li X, He Y, Chen L, Ren Y, and Zhou L

Subjects
diabetes mellitus, direct observation of procedure of skills, insulin pump, continuous glucose monitor system., Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Yue Yuan,1,* Congcong Wang,1,* Song Wen,1,* Yanyan Li,1 Chenglin Xu,1 Fang Yu,1 Xiucai Li,1 Yanju He,1 Lijiao Chen,1 Yishu Ren,1 Ligang Zhou1,2 1Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ligang Zhou, Department of Endocrinology Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China, Tel +008613611927616, Email zhouligang1n1@163.comBackground: Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) is a clinical assessment tool that enables trainers to observe medical students’ procedural abilities in real-time clinical settings. It assesses students’ knowledge application, decision-making, and skill proficiency during clinical tasks.Methods: This study modifies the DOPS to evaluate the operation of insulin pumps (PUMP) and continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) in diabetes management. Key elements of the modified DOPS include 1) Knowledge Assessment: Evaluating understanding of PUMP and CGMS, including interpreting CGMS data for insulin adjustments; 2) Operational Skills: Assessing correct PUMP needle insertion, programming, and adjustments; 3) Patient Safety: Ensuring safe and aseptic procedures; 4) Feedback: Providing constructive feedback to help students improve their skills.Results: Training through DOPS led to significant improvements in all domains, overall performance scores, and reduced execution time for each domain. Correlations between domains showed that PUMP indication scores were linked to all other domains and execution times, including re-evaluation. Communication skills and seeking assistance were crucial factors influencing other domains. Multilinear regression analysis revealed that while DOPS-CGMS (R square 1.0) fully explained performance scores, DOPS-PUMP (R square 0.984) indicated that additional personal qualities significantly impacted students’ PUMP operation performance.Conclusion: This customized DOPS form offers insights into students’ abilities in managing diabetes with PUMP and CGMS, while emphasizing the need for training on both technical skills and interpersonal skills in future educational models.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, direct observation of procedure of skills, insulin pump, continuous glucose monitor system

Published
2025

40. Development and Validation of a Prognostic Molecular Phenotype and Clinical Characterization in Grade III Diffuse Gliomas Treatment with Radio-Chemotherapy

Author

Gu W, Tang J, Liu P, Gan J, Lai J, Xu J, Deng J, Liu C, Wang Y, Zhang G, Yu F, Shi C, Fang K, and Qiu F

Subjects
glioma, radiotherapy, temozolomide, prognosis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Weiguo Gu,1,2,* Jiaming Tang,2,* Penghui Liu,1 Jinyu Gan,1 Jianfei Lai,1 Jinbiao Xu,2 Jianxiong Deng,2 Chaoxing Liu,1 Yuhua Wang,2 Guohua Zhang,3 Feng Yu,1,2 Chao Shi,2,3 Ke Fang,2 Feng Qiu2,3 1Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Gaoxin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Nanchang Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis and Innovative Treatment Research, Gaoxin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Feng Qiu, Department of Oncology, Gaoxin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Email ndyfy01149@ncu.edu.cn Ke Fang, Department of Oncology, Gaoxin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China, Email fangkeqq88@163.comBackground: The relationship between molecular phenotype and prognosis in high-grade gliomas (WHO III and IV, HGG) treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not fully understood and needs further exploration.Methods: The HGG patients following surgery and treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to assess the independent prognostic factors. The nomogram model was established, and its accuracy was determined via the calibration plots.Results: A total of 215 and 88 patients had grade III glioma and grade IV glioma, respectively. Grade III oligodendroglioma (OG-G3) patients had the longest mPFS and mOS than other grade III pathology, while grade III astrocytoma (AA-G3) patients were close to IDH-1 wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) and had a poor prognosis. The IDH-1 mutant group had a better mPFS and mOS than the IDH-1 wildtype group in all grade III patients, OG-G3 and AA-G3 patients. Furthermore, 1p/19q co-deletion group had a longer mPFS and mOS than 1p/19q non-deletion group in all grade III patients. IDH-1 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion patients had the best prognosis than other molecular types. Also, the MGMT methylation and IDH-1 mutation or 1p/19q co-deletion group had a longer mPFS and mOS than the MGMT unmethylation and IDH-1 wildtype or 1p/19q non-codeletion of grade III patients. In addition, the low Ki-67 expression group had a better prognosis than high Ki-67 expression group in grade III patients. Univariate and multivariate COX showed that 1p/19q co-deletion and MGMT methylation were the independent prognostic factors for mPFS and mOS. The calibration curve showed that the established nomogram could well predict the survival based on these covariates.Conclusion: The AA-G3 with IDH-1 wildtype, MGMT unmethylation or 1p/19q non-codeletion patients was resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, has a poor prognosis and needs a more active treatment.Keywords: glioma, radiotherapy, prognosis, nomogram

Published
2025

41. ON THE ACHIEVABLE UPPER LIMIT OF THE ELEVATION ANGLES OF EFFECTIVE DIRECTION FINDING OF TARGETS OVER THE SEA BY THE ROOT-MUSIC METHOD PROVIDED WITH ADEQUATE A PRIORI PARAMETERS

Author

Yu. F. Logvinov, Yu. A. Pedenko, and N. G. Reznichenko

Subjects
root-music, monopulse method, a priori parameters, elevation angle, low-altitude target, measurement errors, sea waves, multipath propagation, thermal noise, computer modeling, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract

Subject and Purpose. The paper investigates the accuracy of measurements of the elevation angles of targets located near the surface of a disturbed sea in the area from the upper limit of their extremely small values to the free space zone. The main part of the study concerns measurements using the root-MUSIC method based on the analysis of the eigenvalues of the autocorrelation matrix of signals received from the target. Under the same conditions, the accuracy of measurements using the amplitude sum-difference (monopulse) method was obtained. The purpose of the work was to determine the upper limit of the location angles up to which the accuracy of the root-MUSIC method exceeds the accuracy of the monopulse method measurements, and thereby determine the area of its eff ective use. Methods and Methodology. The study was conducted using computer modeling of the measurement of elevation angles by two types of radio direction finders. The first one used the root-MUSIC measurement method, and the second one used the monopulse method. Both operated at a wave of 3.2 cm and had the same receiving antenna aperture of 2.5 m. The modeling was performed for sea waves from calm to heavy. In addition to interference from the sea, interference caused by internal noise of the direction finders’ receiving channels was taken into account. The modeling calculated the distance dependencies of the measurement errors of the target’s position angles moving at a constant height of 20 m at a distance from 2 to 0.5 km. This ensured the overlap of the position angles in the range of 0.57...2.28 of the width of the sum directional pattern of the monopulse direction finder. Results. Under the same sea waves and using equal apertures of the receiving antennas, the values of the errors in measuring the target elevation angles by both methods were obtained. Recommendations for choice the a priori parameters of the root-MUSIC method have been developed, which ensure high measurement accuracy in diff erent interference conditions. Conclusions. It was found that the root-MUSIC method has a higher accuracy of measuring the elevation angles of low-altitude targets over the sea compared to the widely used monopulse method up to position angles equal to twice the width of the sum directional pattern of the monopulse direction finder antenna.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Garlic-Derived Quorum Sensing Inhibitors: A Novel Strategy Against Fungal Resistance

Author

Li N, Zhang J, Yu F, Ye F, Tan W, Hao L, Li S, Deng J, and Hu X

Subjects
fungal infection, drug resistance, garlic, quorum sensing, quorum sensing inhibitors, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Na Li,1,2 Junli Zhang,3 Fei Yu,1,2 Fanghang Ye,1,2 Wanying Tan,4 Liyuan Hao,1,2 Shenghao Li,1,2 Jiali Deng,1,2 Xiaoyu Hu2 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 3Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 4Center for Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoyu Hu, Email TCMxiaoyuhu@aliyun.comAbstract: In recent years, the incidence of fungal infections has been rising annually, especially among immunocompromised populations, posing a significant challenge to public health. Although antifungal medications provide some relief, the escalating problem of resistance sharply curtails their effectiveness, presenting an urgent clinical dilemma that demands immediate attention. Research has shown that fungal resistance is closely related to quorum sensing (QS), and QS inhibitors (QSIs) are considered an effective solution to this issue. Garlic, as a natural QSI, has demonstrated significant effects in inhibiting fungal growth, preventing biofilm formation, enhancing immunity, and combating resistance. This study explores the potential of garlic in mitigating fungal drug resistance and identifies its key role in inhibiting the QS mechanism, these findings offer a new perspective for the treatment of fungal infections, especially in addressing the increasingly severe problem of resistance. However, the clinical application of garlic still faces several challenges, such as ensuring the standardization of active ingredient extraction, as well as issues of safety and stability. Future research should focus on the QS mechanism and promote interdisciplinary collaboration to develop more natural, effective, and safe QSI drugs like garlic, while actively conducting clinical trials to validate their efficacy and safety. Additionally, incorporating advanced technologies such as nanotechnology to enhance drug stability and targeting, provide a more comprehensive strategy for the treatment of fungal infections. Overall, Our study provides scientific evidence supporting the potential of garlic as a novel antifungal treatment and lays the groundwork for the development of future natural QSIs for therapeutic use. It offers new insights, particularly for the treatment of immunocompromised populations and drug-resistant fungal strains. Keywords: fungal infection, drug resistance, garlic, quorum sensing, quorum sensing inhibitors

Published
2024

43. Micro- and ultramorphological features of the leaf cells of Myrtus communis L. as a parameter for the standardization of medicinal plant syrup are the basis for new herbal remedies

Author

V. M. Odyntsova, O. Ye. Matsehorova, S. I. Tertyshnyi, and Yu. F. Polkovnikov

Subjects
myrtus communis l., anatomical structure of leaves, transmission electron microscopy, Medicine
Abstract

In the context of war, developing and standardizing new medicinal plants, such as Myrtus communis L., can significantly enhance the availability and effectiveness of medicinal products. The micro- and ultramorphological features of the leaf cells of this species could become crucial parameters for their identification and standardization, thereby facilitating the introduction of new, effective medications into practice. The aim of the work is to study the morphological and anatomical structure and determine the general diagnostic microscopic features of leaves and the structure of meristem cells of common myrtle. Materials and methods. Microscopic analysis of temporary leaf preparations of Myrtus communis L. was carried out using a Carl ZEISS “AxioStar Plus” and “Primo Star” microscopes with a photographic attachment for work in both direct and reflected light. The ultrastructure of leaf cells was additionally studied using transmission electron microscopy methods. Ultra-thin sections, 60 nm thick, were obtained on a Reichert Om 43 ultramicrotome. Sections were contrasted with a 1 % solution of uranyl acetate and lead citrate for 2 minutes in each solution at room temperature. Ultrathin sections were studied using a PEM-100-01 electron microscope at an accelerating voltage of 75 kV. Results. The external features of common myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) leaves are described, including their shape, color, and type of veining. Anatomical features of the leaf include the presence of convoluted epidermal cells, anomocytic stomata located on the abaxial surface of the leaf, calcium oxalate crystals and druses, simple hairs on the midvein, and schizolysigenous secretory receptacles. The ultrastructure study of common myrtle leaf cells revealed characteristic structural components of various cell types, including a nucleus with a nucleolus, chloroplasts with plastoglobules and starch grains, a Golgi complex with numerous dictyosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosomes, oil droplets, and myrtle characteristic storage inclusions such as amyloplasts. During electron microscopy, mature secretory receptacles were observed, with visible remnants of cells in the lumen. They are surrounded by cells with a high metabolic rate, as well as senescent cells that appear darker, with low organelle definition and tortuous walls. Conclusions. The leaves of Myrtus communis L. have a hypostomatic leaf type, with the lower epidermis containing a significant number of uniformly arranged stomata of the anomocytic type. Simple unicellular hairs are present only on the central vein. Shared anatomical features with other species in the Myrtaceae family include the presence of druses and prismatic calcium oxalate crystals, along with schizogenous secretory receptacles that produce lipophilic substances. The ultrastructure of meristem cells and cells adjacent to the secretory receptacles in Myrtus communis includes cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, Golgi complex with numerous dictyosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, oil droplets, and amyloplasts, which are starch-storing inclusions characteristic for the species. Mature secretory receptacles were found, within which cell remnants are surrounded by metabolically active cells and senescent, darker cells with poorly defined organelles and convoluted walls. Recommended parameters for the standardization of Myrtus communis L. medicinal plant material: microscopic indicators include the anomocytic type of stomatal apparatus with hypostomatic placement, simple hairs, the presence of druses and prismatic calcium oxalate crystals, and schizogenous secretory receptacles. Ultramorphological indicators include cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus with nucleolus, chloroplasts with plastoglobuli and starch granules, Golgi complex with numerous dictyosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosomes, oil droplets, characteristic storage inclusions (amyloplasts), and the presence of secretory receptacles.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Some issues of local drinking water supply of the population during martial law (using the example of Ukrainian cities with a population of over 100 thousand people). Part 1

Author

Yu. F. Rudenko, N. A. Yurkova, O. V. Gural, and V. Yu. Saprykin

Subjects
local drinking water supply, groundwater, ukrainian shield, operational groundwater reserves, forecast groundwater resources, cities with a population of 100 000 inhabitants, martial law, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The results of the analysis and generalization of geological, hydrogeological and hydrochemical data for four cities of Ukraine with a population of 107,000 inhabitants (Nikopol) to 370,000 inhabitants (Vinnytsia), located within the Ukrainian Shield, are presented. The availability of their approved operational groundwater reserves or forecast resources is determined. For local water supply of these cities, it is necessary to attract from 770 to 2600 m³/day of groundwater and surface water. Recommendations are provided for the creation of an extensive system of local (pump-station) water supply in case of extraordinary natural and man-made events in particular the introduction of martial law. The research is funded by the National Academy Sciences of Ukraine. Their implementation is planned for 2023–2025. The reliability of drinking water supply in cities is increased by creating a branched system of pump-station water supply with autonomous power supply of pumps and portable water purification systems where necessary. When assessing and subsequently designing and constructing pump stations, depending on the type of development, we can proceed from estimates that for 2–5 thousand people in a microdistrict, from 10 to 35 m³ of water per day is required, with a reserve of up to 50 m³. The construction of pump stations must be carried out in protected areas. Using groundwater, it is possible to organize a local water supply network in the cities of Vinnytsia, Kropyvnytskyi, Nikopol and Bila Tserkva. Local water supply of the cities of Zaporizhzhia, Kryvyi Rih, Dnipro, Zhytomyr and Kremenchuk should be based on the use of surface water with partial involvement of groundwater. These issues will be considered in the next issue of the journal.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Analysis of shortcomings in the strategy and practice of water supply to the population, based on the war experience

Author

Yu. F. Rudenko, N. B. Kasteltseva, A. V. Klisko, and T. R. Garanenko

Subjects
centralised and local water supply, surface water and groundwater, analysis, strategy, proposals, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The problems associated with the quantitative, qualitative, environmental, economic and other aspects of water resources, in particular the quality of drinking water, are of paramount importance today. The amount of water used is many times greater than other extractive resources. Water is the most important substance on our planet, primarily because it is necessary to sustain life. Providing the population with a sufficient amount of good quality drinking water is a strategic task for the national government. Drinking water used for centralised water supply to the population is drawn from surface water sources and groundwater aquifers. Historically, surface water has been preferred as the main source of water supply. The Dnipro River and its numerous tributaries are the main source of water supply for 75% of the Ukrainian population. However, due to significant technogenic pressures on the water quality in the Dnipro River and its catchment area the surface water is characterised as polluted and highly polluted in terms of chemical and bacterial contamination. In order to improve the quality component of the domestic drinking water supply to the population and industrial enterprises (mainly food production), particular attention should be paid to the increased use of groundwater. The experience gained during the war suggests the need to establish a local water supply system based on pumping stations (i.e., buvettes) with reserve water sources and means of delivering water to the consumption network. The article analyses the existing shortcomings and problems in the organisation of domestic drinking water supply in Ukraine and outlines some steps to improve the situation.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Chinese Visceral Adipose Index is Associated with Arterial Stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Liu Q, Yu F, Zhou Q, Zhou H, Lu H, Luo J, and Gan S

Subjects
chinese visceral adipose index、arterial stiffness、type 2 diabete, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Qin Liu,1 Fang Yu,1 Quan Zhou,2 Haifeng Zhou,1 Huilin Lu,1 Jian Luo,1 Shenglian Gan1 1Department of Endocrinology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changde, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Science and Education, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changde, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shenglian Gan, Department of Endocrinology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 818 Renmin Road, Changde, Hunan, 415000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0736 7788026, Email gslghy03@sina.comPurpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between Chinese Visceral Adipose Index(CVAI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of macrovascular complications in T2D.Patients and Methods: This research adopts the cross-sectional study design. Anthropometric assessment, baPWV assessment and biochemical assessment were performed in 2906 T2D patients. CVAI was calculated from the combination of triglycerides, age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, waist circumference, body mass index. Multivariate regression analysis and generalized additive model were used to analyze the association between bapwv and CVAI. Subgroup analysis and interaction analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results: After adjustment for covariates, baPWV tended to increase in the quartiles of CVAI. In males, As CVAI increases by a unit, baPWV was increased by 0.28 cm/s (95% CI: − 0.05, 0.61 P=0.0934). In females, As CVAI increases by a unit, baPWV was increased by 1.60 cm/s (95% CI: 1.07, 2.14). A non-linear connection in males and a linear connection in females between the CVAI and baPWV was revealed. In males, we found that CVAI interacted with baPWV in different duration of diabetes (P interaction = 0.0052), alcohol consumption status (P interaction = 0.0375). In females, CVAI interacted with baPWV in glycated hemoglobin (P interaction = 0.0003), systolic blood pressure (P interaction = 0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (P interaction< 0.0001), duration of diabetes (P interaction = 0.0014), the use or non-use of glucose-lowering drugs (P interaction = 0.0006), the use or non-use antihypertensive drugs (P interaction = 0.0004), females’ menopausal status (P interaction = 0.0012).Conclusion: The relationship between CVAI and baPWV in T2D patients is positively non-linear in males and linear in females. In all subjects, this relationship was influenced by diabetes duration. In males, drinking status affected this relationship, and in females, It is influenced by blood pressure, glycemic control, menopausal status, and the use of glucose-lowering and hypotensive drug, highlighting the complex interplay between visceral fat and arterial stiffness in the T2D population.Keywords: Chinese visceral adipose index, arterial stiffness, type 2 diabetes

Published
2024

47. Association of Six Complex Inflammatory Indicators with Prognosis in Patients with Intravenous Thrombolysis Stroke

Author

Li Y, Xi L, Sun H, Yu F, Liang Q, Qie T, and Dai B

Subjects
acute ischemic stroke, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Yinglei Li,1,&ast; Lingyun Xi,2,&ast; Haichuan Sun,1 Feifei Yu,1 Qing Liang,1 Tao Qie,1 Bing Dai1 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory and Pathology, The Hospital of 82nd Group Army PLA, Baoding, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bing Dai, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, People’s Republic of China, Email 447023235@qq.comObjective: The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) with the outcome following 3 months of thrombolysis in individuals diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 762 patients who received intravenous thrombolysis between January 2019 and December 2022. The values of NLR, PLR, LMR, SII, SIRI and PIV were calculated based on relevant blood indices obtained upon admission. Logistic regression analysis using R software was employed to examine the correlation between SIRI, SII, PIV, and poor prognosis following 3 months of thrombolysis, with their distribution analyzed across the study population and various outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to analyze and evaluate their predictive efficacy for adverse outcomes.Results: The unfavorable prognosis group exhibited significant differences from the favorable prognosis group in various hematological markers, including PLR, NLR, LMR, SII, SIRI, and PIV, as indicated by ROC values of 0.613 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.564– 0.661), 0.707 (95% CI, 0.663– 0.751), 0.614 (95% CI, 0.567– 0.662), 0.715 (95% CI, 672– 0.758), 0.631 (95% CI, 0.584– 0.679), and 0.569 (95% CI, 0.520– 0.619) respectively. (4) Conclusions: PLR, NLR, LMR, SII, SIRI, and PIV demonstrated associations with adverse outcomes at the 3-month mark in patients who underwent intravenous thrombolysis, with NLR (ROC is 0.707) and SII (ROC is 0.715) showing the most pronounced significance and PIV (ROC is 0.569) exhibiting the least significance.Keywords: acute ischemic stroke, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index

Published
2024

48. Analysis of Predictive Value of Cellular Inflammatory Factors and T Cell Subsets for Disease Recurrence and Prognosis in Patients with Acute Exacerbations of COPD

Author

Deng H, Zhu S, Yu F, Song X, Jin X, and Ding X

Subjects
cellular inflammatory factors, t cell subsets, copd, acute phase, disease recurrence, predictive value, prognosis., Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Haoran Deng, Shiping Zhu, Fei Yu, Xue Song, Xinlai Jin, Xuchun Ding Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xuchun Ding, Email archon_01@163.comObjective: To explore the predictive value of cellular inflammatory factors and T cell subsets for disease recurrence and prognosis in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: Serum samples were collected from the two groups to detect and compare the levels of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], T cell subsets (CD4+, CD8+), and clinical related indicators. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between inflammatory cytokines, T cell subsets, and clinical indicators. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the predictive value of serum inflammatory factors and T cell subsets for acute exacerbations of COPD.Results: The observation group had higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CD8+, and lower CD4+ levels (P< 0.05). The ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) was lower, while procalcitonin (PCT) and white blood cell count (WBC) were higher (P< 0.05). Correlation analysis showed positive correlations between IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CD8+, and negative correlations with CD4+ and FEV1/FVC (P< 0.05). After 6 months, 15 out of 73 patients had acute recurrences, with higher IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CD8+ levels (P< 0.05). Binary logistic regression identified IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CD8+ as significant predictors of exacerbations, while CD4+ was protective. ROC analysis showed that combined biomarkers had the highest predictive efficiency (AUC = 0.907).Conclusion: This study is the first to integrate multiple serum inflammatory factors and T cell subsets into a comprehensive predictive model for acute recurrence of COPD within six months (AUC = 0.907), offering a more accurate prediction than traditional methods. The findings underscore the value of these biomarkers in clinical follow-up and highlight their independent predictive power, providing new insights into the interaction between immune markers and clinical indicators in COPD exacerbations.Keywords: Cellular inflammatory factors, T cell subsets, COPD, acute phase, disease recurrence, predictive value, prognosis

Published
2024

49. The NRF-2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Author

Li N, Hao L, Li S, Deng J, Yu F, Zhang J, Nie A, and Hu X

Subjects
the nrf-2/ho-1 signaling pathway, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, natural compounds, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Na Li,1,2 Liyuan Hao,1,2 Shenghao Li,1,2 Jiali Deng,1,2 Fei Yu,1,2 Junli Zhang,3 Aiyu Nie,1,2 Xiaoyu Hu2 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 3Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoyu Hu, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610075, People’s Republic of China, Email TCMxiaoyuhu@aliyun.comAbstract: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a progressive liver disorder with a rising prevalence. It begins with lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and gradually progresses to Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and potentially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathophysiology of MASLD is complex and involves multiple factors, with oxidative stress playing a crucial role. Oxidative stress drives the progression of MASLD by causing cellular damage, inflammatory responses, and fibrosis, making it a key pathogenic mechanism. The Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 / Heme Oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling axis provides robust multi-organ protection against a spectrum of endogenous and exogenous insults, particularly oxidative stress. It plays a pivotal role in mediating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic responses. Many studies indicate that activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway can significantly mitigate the progression of MASLD. This article examines the role of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in MASLD and highlights natural compounds that protect against MASLD by targeting Nrf2/HO-1 activation. The findings indicate that the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway holds great promise as a therapeutic target for MASLD. Keywords: the NRF-2/HO-1 signaling pathway, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, natural compounds, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Published
2024

50. Data-driven Modeling of a Coronal Magnetic Flux Rope: from Birth to Death

Author

Guo, J. H., Ni, Y. W., Guo, Y., Xia, C., Schmieder, B., Poedts, S., Zhong, Z., Zhou, Y. H., Yu, F., and Chen, P. F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

Magnetic flux ropes are a bundle of twisted magnetic field lines produced by internal electric currents, which are responsible for solar eruptions and are the major drivers of geomagnetic storms. As such, it is crucial to develop a numerical model that can capture the entire evolution of a flux rope, from its birth to death, in order to predict whether adverse space weather events might occur or not. In this paper, we develop a data-driven modeling that combines a time-dependent magneto-frictional approach with a thermodynamic magnetohydrodynamic model. Our numerical modeling successfully reproduces the formation and confined eruption of an observed flux rope, and unveils the physical details behind the observations. Regarding the long-term evolution of the active region, our simulation results indicate that the flux cancellation due to collisional shearing plays a critical role in the formation of the flux rope, corresponding to a substantial increase in magnetic free energy and helicity. Regarding the eruption stage, the deformation of the flux rope during its eruption can cause an increase in the downward tension force, which suppresses it from further rising. This finding may shed light on why some torus-unstable flux ropes lead to failed eruptions after large-angle rotations. Moreover, we find that twisted fluxes can accumulate during the confined eruptions, which would breed the subsequent eruptive flares., Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for ApJ

Published
2023

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results