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The goal of this study is to investigate the relation of self-esteem, hopelessness and communication skill; while testing self-esteem as an intermediary variable. The research, designed in survey model, has been conducted with preschool teacher candidates. The research group comprises 305 teacher candidates that volunteered for the research. According to the findings of the research, teacher candidates' self-esteem is negatively correlated with their level of hopelessness and positively correlated with their communication skills. On the other hand, the relation between their level of hopelessness and communication skill is a negative correlation. According to the results of regression analysis, hopelessness, along with self-esteem, explain 31.6% of communication skill. Furthermore, another very important finding of the regression analysis is that teacher candidates' self-esteem plays a complete intermediary role in the relation between their level of hopelessness and their communication skill. Implications of the findings are discussed in the light of the related literature.

The purpose of this single case study was to investigate the effects of the WATSU training program (WTP) on 21 years old male with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study used a high level of individual and structured interventions to improve the underperforming adaptive functioning areas like social and academic skills in ASD. The individualized intervention of WTP was completed in five days using critical verbal and bodily language, technical demonstration, taking turns, basic skills, and timely feedback in a social and sensory-isolated environment. The results were collected via in-training observation, semi-structured family and athletic trainer interviews to evaluate the participant’s condition before and after the WTP. The structured communication opportunities improved the sense of trust and played a prominent role in the development of the quality of life. The results indicated that WTP reduced repetitive movements, stress reactions, challenging behaviors, and improved communication skills. In addition, changing roles, positions, and transitions in WATSU training increased the participant’s resiliency in his life with more comfort. Finally, tactile-emotional quality afferents, warmth, and buoyancy of the water, altered and enriched proprioceptive and vestibular input, being safely cradled in the arms instructor were likely to be the other factors improving the underperforming areas including communication, repetitive movements, stress reactions and challenging behaviors.

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between maternal acceptance-rejection levels and preschool children's social competence and emotion regulation skills. The study group of the research, which was designed in survey method, consisted of 303 voluntary mother-child dyad. The participant children were attending a preschool in 2014-2015 academic year, in Istanbul and they were selected by random cluster sampling method. The "Personal Information Form", the "Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire-Mother Form (PARQ)", the "Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation-30 (SCBE-30)" and the "Emotion Regulation Checklist" were used as data collection tools. As a result of the study, it has been found that there is a positive significant relationship between maternal acceptance level and children's "Social Competence" subscale of SCBE-30 and their emotional regulation skills. In addition to this result, it has been found that maternal acceptance level didn't differentiated according to age and gender of the child; however the average scores of PARQ's "Warmth/Affection" subscale have been differentiated in favor of the girls. It has been found that "Social Competence" and "Anger-Aggression" subscales of SCBE-30 were significantly differentiated according to gender; "Anger-Aggression" scores of the boys were higher than the girls, whereas "Social Competence" scores of the girls were higher than the boys. Moreover, it has been found that "Lability-Negativity" subscale scores of Emotion Regulation Checklist have been differentiated according to gender; girls showing less labile/negative emotional reactions. Finally, it has been found that child's social competence and emotional regulation skills increase as the age increases.

The aim of this study is to investigate the reliability and validity of the DeMoulin Self-Concept Developmental Scale for 36-72 month old children. In addition, it has been attempted to examine the effects of age and gender variables on the self-concept of children. The study is in survey method. The sample consists of 810 children who attend preschools in Istanbul, Turkey. Data collection tools used in the research are; the Demographic Form, the DeMoulin Self-Concept Developmental Scale for Children, the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale-30 and the Emotion Regulation Scale. The results of the item discrimination and criteria validity analyses support the validity of the scale. It could be said that the founded Cronbach's Alpha value of the total scale and subscales and the results of the split half method and test-retest method analyses indicate that the scale is a reliable measurement tool. In addition, it has been found that the age variable affected the self-concept scores, but the gender variable had no effect on it. The research findings are discussed within the framework of the related literature.

Purpose: For primary and secondary liver tumors oncological resection remains a chance of cure. Augmentation of functional liver tissue may be necessary to preserve sufficient future liver remnant (FLR). Clinical decision-making on liver augmentation techniques and indications may differ internationally. Thus, this study aims to identify standards of liver augmentation in hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) centers in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. Methods: Using a web-based survey, 48 hospitals in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria were invited to report their surgical indication, standard procedures, and results of liver augmentation. Results: Forty (83.3%) of the hospitals invited participated. Most of the hospitals were certified liver centers (55%), performing complex surgeries such as liver transplantation (57.5%) and ALPPS (80%). The standard liver augmentation technique in all countries was portal vein embolization (PVE; 56%), followed by ALPPS (32.1%) in Germany or PVE with hepatic vein embolization (33.3%) in Switzerland and Austria. Standard procedure for liver augmentation did not correlate with certification as liver center, performance of liver transplantation or ALPPS. Surgical indication for PVE varied depending on tumor entity. Most hospitals rated the importance of PVE before resection of cholangiocarcinoma or colorectal metastases as high, while PVE for hepatocellular carcinoma was rated as low. Conclusion: The survey gives an overview of the clinical routine in HPB centers in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. PVE seems to dominate as standard technique to increase the FLR. However, there is a variety in the main indication for liver augmentation. Further studies are necessary evaluating the differing PVE techniques for liver augmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate feto-maternal blood flow parameters using Doppler ultrasonography (USG) in pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment on these parameters. Material and methods: This prospective cohort study was performed at Dr. Sami Ulus Women's and Children's Health Teaching and Research Hospital, in Türkiye between September 2022 and February 2023. Sixty pregnant women, 30 with ICP disease and 30 healthy women were included in the study. Obstetric Doppler parameters were measured by USG at diagnosis and after 48 hours of UDCA treatment for the ICP group. Results: The obstetric Doppler parameters did not significantly differ in the ICP group and the healthy control group. The Doppler findings were similar after UDCA treatment in the ICP group. Gestational week at delivery and birth weight were lower in the ICP group in our study. Conclusions: We demonstrated that pregnant women with ICP had similar obstetric Doppler parameters when compared with healthy pregnant women and that the UDCA agent used for treatment of ICP disease did not affect these parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to find an answer to the question of "Do social problem-solving skills of 5-6 years old children differentiate depending on the levels of maternal acceptance rejection?" The participants of the study included 359 5-6 years old children and their mothers. Wally Social Problem-Solving Test and PARQ (Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire) were used in the study. It was observed that the mean scores that the children got from Wally Social Problem-Solving Test for the social problem-solving skills differed at a statistically significant level according to the low, medium, and high rejection levels that mothers got from the PARQ. According to the scores obtained from "warmth/affection," "hostility/aggression," and "undifferentiated rejection" subscales of PARQ, social problem solving skill scores of the children in three groups, also differed in these three subscales depending on a rejection level of mothers. But it was determined that children's social problem-solving skill scores did not differentiate according to the scores obtained from "indifference/neglect" subscale. This result proves that the interaction between the children and the mothers that accept their children positively contributes to ability of the children's social problem-solving skills.

As valued members of forest ecosystems, fast-growing tree species are of great importance for protecting natural forests, fulfilling the demand for raw wood material, and preserving biodiversity and ecosystem services. In this regard, multi-temporal monitoring and evaluation of poplar planted areas are essential for decision makers and planners to keep the inventory maps of planted areas up-to-date and track the temporal changes accurately. Using a spectral library, available spectral knowledge can be incorporated into inventory mapping and image classification processes. In this study, in situ spectral measurements of five Populus (four clones and one species) planted sites in Türkiye were collected at three phenological stages (early, mid, and late vegetation) and a novel spectral library was created after completing strict processing stages. Analysis of the spectral reflectances of the Populus species revealed that their spectral properties in the visible region are similar, whereas the discrimination in the near-infrared and shortwave infrared (SWIR) regions was noticeably higher. Two types of applications were conducted to effectively use the spectral library. First, the spectral library was used to validate the poplar class labels of the sites visited during the field campaign. The effectiveness of Worldview-3 imagery with eight SWIR bands was evaluated by pairwise comparison of the spectral curves of the sample fields with those of the spectral library. Second, the spectral library facilitated the extraction of poplar samples from Sentinel-2 imagery in an unvisited region, and a supervised classification process was conducted using the random forest algorithm. The results revealed that the Populus species (Samsun and I-214) could be delineated with high accuracy (>70%) using 10-band Sentinel-2 imagery, and object-based classification outperformed pixel-based classification by approximately 5% for the poplar types. The developed spectral library stands as a valuable asset for studies focused on identifying and classifying Populus species using high-resolution imagery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes The Time Machine (1895) by H.G. Wells as a work of dystopian genre, demonstrating its significance in exploring dystopian narratives and Wells’ predictions on a possible apocalyptic future. Dystopian works serve both as a warning against the danger awaiting the current societal order in the future and a criticism of the present order. In this regard, Wells’ work acts as a key example of the dystopian genre and illustrates an apocalyptic world in which the society is divided into two different groups called the Eloi and Morlocks. The novel describes the Eloi as a community who live above the ground and maintain a simple life. On the contrary, the Morlocks live under the ground, having a darker existence. Through this differentiation, Wells underscores conflicts in the current societal order such as class division, rapidly growing technology, and the unrestrained social progress. Even though the setting of the story is in the far away future, Wells in this work successfully portrays the struggles of his own time and warns his readers against the possible paths these struggles might take them in the future. The Time Traveller travels through time, to an apocalyptic future and witnesses the possibilities which the conflicts in his own society might cause in the future firsthand. Consequently, Wells’ work serves not only as a story about the future but also as a warning against the current trends in society such as technological developments and the destruction of environment. Therefore, Wells’ work encourages readers to critically approach the present order of the society by portraying the probable dystopia that is awaiting them. Hence, what makes The Time Machine an important example of the dystopian genre is the fact that it serves as a warning to make a change and to reestablish balance in the present society. This study argues that Wells’ The Time Machine portrays an apocalyptic dystopia which warns against the possible conflicts that might be caused by the workings of the present, underscoring the consequences of societal and technological divides. Consequently, Wells’ work emphasizes on the need for societal change and balance to prevent a dystopian future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childhood trauma in bipolar patients affect multiple clinical variables. Sleep is a parameter affecting the prognosis and functionality in bipolar patients. In this study; we aim to evaluate the effect of childhood trauma on sleep and functionality. The study included a healthy control group (n=50) and a total of 100 participants diagnosed with BD-I according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria who were admitted to our hospital between January 12, 2021, and June 30, 2021. Sociodemographic data form, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Childhood Psychiatric Trauma Scale (CTQ), and Bipolar Disorder Functioning Scale (BDFS) scales were applied to the patient and control groups. Compared to the control group, in the patient group, there was a statistically significant increase in the CTQ total score, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse subscale scores; The sub-scores for work, emotional functionality, mental functionality, stigmatization, introversion, social participation, daily activities and hobbies, and BDFS total scores were found to be statistically lower (p< 0.05). Because of the correlation between the scale scores, there was a negative correlation between the PSQI total score and the BDFS total score. Childhood traumas and sleep problems are more common in patients with bipolar disorder than in healthy controls. Additionally, childhood traumas may cause deterioration in bipolar functionality scores such as emotional functionality and introversion in bipolar patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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