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2. Design and Testing of the Front-End Electronics of WCDA in LHAASO

Author

F. Aharonian, Q. An, null Axikegu, L.X. Bai, Y.X. Bai, Y.W. Bao, D. Bastieri, X.J. Bi, Y.J. Bi, H. Cai, J.T. Cai, Z. Cao, J. Chang, J.F. Chang, X.C. Chang, B.M. Chen, J. Chen, L. Chen, M.J. Chen, M.L. Chen, Q.H. Chen, S.H. Chen, S.Z. Chen, T.L. Chen, X.L. Chen, Y. Chen, N. Cheng, Y.D. Cheng, S.W. Cui, X.H. Cui, Y.D. Cui, B.Z. Dai, H.L. Dai, Z.G. Dai, null Danzengluobu, R.S. Dong, X.J. Dong, J.H. Fan, Y.Z. Fan, Z.X. Fan, J. Fang, K. Fang, C.F. Feng, L. Feng, S.H. Feng, Y.L. Feng, B. Gao, C.D. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Gao, M.M. Ge, L.S. Geng, G.H. Gong, Q.B. Gou, J.L. Gu, M.H. Gu, J.G. Guo, X.L. Guo, Y.Q. Guo, Y.Y. Guo, Y.A. Han, H.H. He, H.N. He, J.C. He, S.L. He, X.B. He, Y. He, Z.Q. He, M. Heller, Y.K. Hor, C. Hou, X. Hou, H.B. Hu, S. Hu, S.C. Hu, X.J. Hu, D.H. Huang, Q.L. Huang, W.H. Huang, X.T. Huang, Z.C. Huang, F. Ji, X.L. Ji, H.Y. Jia, K. Jiang, Z.J. Jiang, C. Jin, D. Kuleshov, K. Levochkin, B.B. Li, C. Li, F. Li, H.B. Li, H.C. Li, H.Y. Li, J. Li, K. Li, W.L. Li, X. Li, X.R. Li, Y. Li, Y.Z. Li, Z. Li, E.W. Liang, Y.F. Liang, S.J. Lin, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H.D. Liu, J. Liu, J.L. Liu, J.S. Liu, J.Y. Liu, M.Y. Liu, R.Y. Liu, S.M. Liu, W. Liu, Y.N. Liu, Z.X. Liu, W.J. Long, R. Lu, H.K. Lv, B.Q. Ma, L.L. Ma, X.H. Ma, J.R. Mao, A. Masood, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Montaruli, Y.C. Nan, B.Y. Pang, P. Pattarakijwanich, Z.Y. Pei, B.D. Piazzoli, M.Y. Qi, J.J. Qin, D. Ruffolo, V. Rulev, A. Saiz, L. Shao, O. Shchegolev, X.D. Sheng, J.R. Shi, C.X. Song, H.C. Song, Yu. V. Stenkin, V. Stepanov, Q.N. Sun, X.N. Sun, Z.B. Sun, P.H.T. Tam, Z.B. Tang, W.W. Tian, D. della Volpe, B.D. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, H.G. Wang, J.C. Wang, J.S. Wang, L.P. Wang, L.Y. Wang, R.N. Wang, W. Wang, X.G. Wang, X.J. Wang, X.Y. Wang, Y.D. Wang, Y.J. Wang, Y.P. Wang, Z. Wang, Z.H. Wang, Z.X. Wang, D.M. Wei, J.J. Wei, Y.J. Wei, T. Wen, C.Y. Wu, H.R. Wu, S. Wu, W.X. Wu, X.F. Wu, S.Q. Xi, J. Xia, J.J. Xia, G.M. Xiang, G. Xiao, H.B. Xiao, G.G. Xin, Y.L. Xin, Y. Xing, D.L. Xu, R.X. Xu, L. Xue, D.H. Yan, X.B. Yan, C.W. Yang, F.F. Yang, J.Y. Yang, L.L. Yang, M.J. Yang, R.Z. Yang, S.B. Yang, Y.H. Yao, Z.G. Yao, Y.M. Ye, L.Q. Yin, N. Yin, X.H. You, Z.Y. You, Y.H. Yu, Q. Yuan, H.D. Zeng, T.X. Zeng, W. Zeng, Z.K. Zeng, M. Zha, X.X. Zhai, B.B. Zhang, H.M. Zhang, H.Y. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, J.W. Zhang, L. Zhang, L.X. Zhang, P.F. Zhang, P.P. Zhang, R. Zhang, S.R. Zhang, S.S. Zhang, X. Zhang, X.P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y.F. Zhang, Y.L. Zhang, B. Zhao, J. Zhao, L. Zhao, L.Z. Zhao, S.P. Zhao, F. Zheng, Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, H. Zhou, J.N. Zhou, P. Zhou, R. Zhou, S.Z. Zhou, X.X. Zhou, C.G. Zhu, F.R. Zhu, H. Zhu, K.J. Zhu, and X. Zuo more...

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Dynamic range, Cherenkov detector, Detector, law.invention, Root mean square, Air shower, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Observatory, law, Environmental science, Electronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Remote sensing
Abstract

Water Cherenkov detector array (WCDA) is one of the key parts of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), the construction of which was completed by the end of 2020. The WCDA covers a 78 000-m2 area and there exist 3120 large size photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in three ponds: 8-in PMTs are used in WCDA pond No. 1 and 20-in PMTs are used in ponds No. 2 and No. 3. The front-end electronics (FEE) system based on multigain measurement technique is designed to achieve both high-precision time and charge measurements over a large dynamic range from single photon electron (S.P.E.) to 4000 P.E. (for water pond No. 1)/1800 P.E. (for water ponds No. 2 and No. 3). To achieve a high-quality clock distribution and phase alignment as well as mixed transmission of data, clock, and commands in one fiber over a long distance, an enhanced white rabbit (WR) technique is used. Testing of all the 350 FEE modules for the WCDA is presented in this article. Test results indicate that the charge resolution is better than 20% at S.P.E. and 1% at 1800/4000 P.E. and the time resolution is better than 300 ps root mean square (rms), which successfully meets the application requirement. All the FEE modules have been fabricated and installed for the LHAASO WCDA from 2018 to 2020, and the initial commissioning operation indicates that the FEEs function well. more...

Published
2021
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3. Effects of Ni doping on [MnO6] octahedron in LiMn2O4

Author

Y.J. Wei, L.Y. Yan, C.Z. Wang, X.G. Xu, F. Wu, and G. Chen

Subjects
Nickel compounds -- Chemical properties, X-rays -- Diffraction, X-rays -- Methods, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries
Abstract

LiNi(sub x)Mn2-xO4 (x less than or equal to 0.5) powders were synthesized using a sol-gel technique. It was found that partial Ni atoms occupy the 8a sites in heavy doped LiNi(sub x)Mn2-xO4 via X-ray diffraction. more...

Published
2004

4. Corrigendum to 'Performance test of the electromagnetic particle detectors for the LHAASO experiment' [Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 1001 (2021) 165193]

Author

F. Aharonian, Q. An, null Axikegu, L.X. Bai, Y.X. Bai, Y.W. Bao, D. Bastieri, X.J. Bi, Y.J. Bi, H. Cai, J.T. Cai, Z. Cao, J. Chang, J.F. Chang, X.C. Chang, B.M. Chen, J. Chen, L. Chen, M.J. Chen, M.L. Chen, Q.H. Chen, S.H. Chen, S.Z. Chen, T.L. Chen, X.L. Chen, Y. Chen, N. Cheng, Y.D. Cheng, S.W. Cui, X.H. Cui, Y.D. Cui, B.Z. Dai, H.L. Dai, Z.G. Dai, null Danzengluobu, D. della Volpe, B. D’Ettorre Piazzoli, X.J. Dong, J.H. Fan, Y.Z. Fan, Z.X. Fan, J. Fang, K. Fang, C.F. Feng, L. Feng, S.H. Feng, Y.L. Feng, B. Gao, C.D. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Gao, M.M. Ge, L.S. Geng, G.H. Gong, Q.B. Gou, M.H. Gu, J.G. Guo, X.L. Guo, Y.Q. Guo, Y.Y. Guo, Y.A. Han, H.H. He, H.N. He, J.C. He, S.L. He, X.B. He, Y. He, M. Heller, Y.K. Hor, C. Hou, X. Hou, H.B. Hu, S. Hu, S.C. Hu, X.J. Hu, D.H. Huang, Q.L. Huang, W.H. Huang, X.T. Huang, Z.C. Huang, F. Ji, X.L. Ji, H.Y. Jia, K. Jia, K. Jiang, Z.J. Jiang, C. Jin, D. Kuleshov, K. Levochkin, B. Li, B.B. Li, C. Li, F. Li, H. Li, H.B. Li, H.C. Li, H.Y. Li, J. Li, K. Li, W.L. Li, X. Li, X.R. Li, Y. Li, Y.Z. Li, Z. Li, E.W. Liang, Y.F. Liang, S.J. Lin, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H.D. Liu, J. Liu, J.L. Liu, J.S. Liu, J.Y. Liu, M.Y. Liu, R.Y. Liu, S.M. Liu, W. Liu, Y.N. Liu, Z.X. Liu, W.J. Long, R. Lu, H.K. Lv, B.Q. Ma, L.L. Ma, X.H. Ma, J.R. Mao, A. Masood, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Montaruli, Y.C. Nan, B.Y. Pang, P. Pattarakijwanich, Z.Y. Pei, M.Y. Qi, D. Ruffolo, V. Rulev, A. Sáiz, L. Shao, O. Shchegolev, X.D. Sheng, J.R. Shi, H.C. Song, Yu.V. Stenkin, V. Stepanov, Q.N. Sun, X.N. Sun, Z.B. Sun, P.H. T. Tam, Z.B. Tang, W.W. Tian, B.D. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, H.G. Wang, J.C. Wang, J.S. Wang, L.P. Wang, L.Y. Wang, R.N. Wang, W. Wang, X.G. Wang, X.J. Wang, X.Y. Wang, Y.D. Wang, Y.J. Wang, Y.P. Wang, Z. Wang, Z.H. Wang, Z.X. Wang, D.M. Wei, J.J. Wei, Y.J. Wei, T. Wen, C.Y. Wu, H.R. Wu, S. Wu, W.X. Wu, X.F. Wu, S.Q. Xi, J. Xia, J.J. Xia, G.M. Xiang, G. Xiao, H.B. Xiao, G.G. Xin, Y.L. Xin, Y. Xing, D.L. Xu, R.X. Xu, L. Xue, D.H. Yan, C.W. Yang, F.F. Yang, J.Y. Yang, L.L. Yang, M.J. Yang, R.Z. Yang, S.B. Yang, Y.H. Yao, Z.G. Yao, Y.M. Ye, L.Q. Yin, N. Yin, X.H. You, Z.Y. You, Y.H. Yu, Q. Yuan, H.D. Zeng, T.X. Zeng, W. Zeng, Z.K. Zeng, M. Zha, X.X. Zhai, B.B. Zhang, H.M. Zhang, H.Y. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, J.W. Zhang, L. Zhang, L.X. Zhang, P.F. Zhang, P.P. Zhang, R. Zhang, S.R. Zhang, S.S. Zhang, X. Zhang, X.P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y.F. Zhang, Y.L. Zhang, B. Zhao, J. Zhao, L. Zhao, L.Z. Zhao, S.P. Zhao, X. Zhao, F. Zheng, Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, H. Zhou, J.N. Zhou, P. Zhou, R. Zhou, X.X. Zhou, C.G. Zhu, F.R. Zhu, H. Zhu, K.J. Zhu, and X. Zuo more...

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Detector, Particle, Instrumentation
Published
2022
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5. Performance of LHAASO-WCDA and observation of the Crab Nebula as a standard candle *

Author

F. Aharonian, Q. An, 克古 Axikegu, L.X. Bai, Y.X. Bai, Y.W. Bao, D. Bastieri, X.J. Bi, Y.J. Bi, H. Cai, J.T. Cai, Z. Cao, J. Chang, J.F. Chang, X.C. Chang, B.M. Chen, J. Chen, L. Chen, M.J. Chen, M.L. Chen, Q.H. Chen, S.H. Chen, S.Z. Chen, T.L. Chen, X.L. Chen, Y. Chen, N. Cheng, Y.D. Cheng, S.W. Cui, X.H. Cui, Y.D. Cui, B.Z. Dai, H.L. Dai, Z.G. Dai, 罗布 Danzengluobu, D. della Volpe, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, X.J. Dong, J.H. Fan, Y.Z. Fan, Z.X. Fan, J. Fang, K. Fang, C.F. Feng, L. Feng, S.H. Feng, Y.L. Feng, B. Gao, C.D. Gao, Q. Gao, W. Gao, M.M. Ge, L.S. Geng, G.H. Gong, Q.B. Gou, M.H. Gu, J.G. Guo, X.L. Guo, Y.Q. Guo, Y.Y. Guo, Y.A. Han, H.H. He, H.N. He, J.C. He, S.L. He, X.B. He, Y. He, M. Heller, Y.K. Hor, C. Hou, X. Hou, H.B. Hu, S. Hu, S.C. Hu, X.J. Hu, D.H. Huang, Q.L. Huang, W.H. Huang, X.T. Huang, Z.C. Huang, F. Ji, X.L. Ji, H.Y. Jia, K. Jiang, Z.J. Jiang, C. Jin, D. Kuleshov, K. Levochkin, B.B. Li, C. Li, F. Li, H.B. Li, H.C. Li, H.Y. Li, J. Li, K. Li, W.L. Li, X. Li, X.R. Li, Y. Li, Y.Z. Li, Z. Li, E.W. Liang, Y.F. Liang, S.J. Lin, B. Liu, C. Liu, D. Liu, H. Liu, H.D. Liu, J. Liu, J.L. Liu, J.S. Liu, J.Y. Liu, M.Y. Liu, R.Y. Liu, S.M. Liu, W. Liu, Y.N. Liu, Z.X. Liu, W.J. Long, R. Lu, H.K. Lv, B.Q. Ma, L.L. Ma, X.H. Ma, J.R. Mao, A. Masood, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Montaruli, Y.C. Nan, B.Y. Pang, P. Pattarakijwanich, Z.Y. Pei, M.Y. Qi, B.Q. Qiao, D. Ruffolo, V. Rulev, A. Sáiz, L. Shao, O. Shchegolev, X.D. Sheng, J.R. Shi, H.C. Song, Yu.V. Stenkin, V. Stepanov, Q.N. Sun, X.N. Sun, Z.B. Sun, P.H.T. Tam, Z.B. Tang, W.W. Tian, B.D. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, H.G. Wang, J.C. Wang, J.S. Wang, L.P. Wang, L.Y. Wang, R.N. Wang, W. Wang, X.G. Wang, X.J. Wang, X.Y. Wang, Y.D. Wang, Y.J. Wang, Y.P. Wang, Z. Wang, Z.H. Wang, Z.X. Wang, D.M. Wei, J.J. Wei, Y.J. Wei, T. Wen, C.Y. Wu, H.R. Wu, S. Wu, W.X. Wu, X.F. Wu, S.Q. Xi, J. Xia, J.J. Xia, G.M. Xiang, G. Xiao, H.B. Xiao, G.G. Xin, Y.L. Xin, Y. Xing, D.L. Xu, R.X. Xu, L. Xue, D.H. Yan, C.W. Yang, F.F. Yang, J.Y. Yang, L.L. Yang, M.J. Yang, R.Z. Yang, S.B. Yang, Y.H. Yao, Z.G. Yao, Y.M. Ye, L.Q. Yin, N. Yin, X.H. You, Z.Y. You, Y.H. Yu, Q. Yuan, H.D. Zeng, T.X. Zeng, W. Zeng, Z.K. Zeng, M. Zha, X.X. Zhai, B.B. Zhang, H.M. Zhang, H.Y. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, J.W. Zhang, L. Zhang, L.X. Zhang, P.F. Zhang, P.P. Zhang, R. Zhang, S.R. Zhang, S.S. Zhang, X. Zhang, X.P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y.F. Zhang, Y.L. Zhang, B. Zhao, J. Zhao, L. Zhao, L.Z. Zhao, S.P. Zhao, F. Zheng, Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, H. Zhou, J.N. Zhou, P. Zhou, R. Zhou, X.X. Zhou, C.G. Zhu, F.R. Zhu, H. Zhu, K.J. Zhu, X. Zuo, and (The LHAASO Collaboration) more...

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cherenkov detector, Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic distance ladder, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Crab Nebula, law, 0103 physical sciences, Spectral energy distribution, Angular resolution, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation
Abstract

The first Water Cherenkov detector of the LHAASO experiment (WCDA-1) has been operating since April 2019. The data for the first year have been analyzed to test its performance by observing the Crab Nebula as a standard candle. The WCDA-1 achieves a sensitivity of 65 mCU per year, with a statistical threshold of 5 . To accomplish this, a 97.7% cosmic-ray background rejection rate around 1 TeV and 99.8% around 6 TeV with an approximate photon acceptance of 50% is achieved after applying an algorithm to separate gamma-induced showers. The angular resolution is measured using the Crab Nebula as a point source to be approximately 0.45° at 1 TeV and better than 0.2° above 6 TeV, with a pointing accuracy better than 0.05°. These values all match the design specifications. The energy resolution is found to be 33% for gamma rays around 6 TeV. The spectral energy distribution of the Crab Nebula in the range from 500 GeV to 15.8 TeV is measured and found to be in agreement with the results from other TeV gamma ray observatories. more...

Published
2021
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7. Spectrum and features of congenital heart disease in Xi'an, China as detected using fetal echocardiography

Author

B.M. Liu, Y.J. Wei, Yun Zhou, X.R. Gao, Yan Zhang, M.L. Yang, S.G. Mu, and X.H. Jia

Subjects
Adult, Heart Defects, Congenital, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Heart disease, Fetal heart, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Young Adult, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Atrioventricular Septal Defect, Molecular Biology, Tetralogy of Fallot, Fetus, Geography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General Medicine, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Pathophysiology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Echocardiography, Ventricle, Cardiology, Female, business, Fetal echocardiography
Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the spectrum and features of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Xi'an, China using fetal echocardiography. All pregnant women referred for fetal echocardiography underwent a systematic fetal echocardiographic examination. Each case of complex defects was diagnosed according to the predominant pathophysiology, and the overall frequency of each defect was recorded and classified according to its location in the fetal heart. CHD was diagnosed in 195 fetuses. The top 5 types of CHD were, in order, single ventricle (15.9%, 31/195), atrioventricular septal defect (12.3%, 24/195), ventricular septal defect (VSD) (11.8%, 23/195), tetralogy of Fallot (10.8%, 21/195), and double-outlet right ventricle (8.2%, 16/195). The 195 cases of CHD comprised 316 defects in total. The most common defect was ventricular malformation (40.5%, 128/316), followed by great artery anomalies (38.0%, 120/316), endocardial cushion abnormalities (11.7%, 37/316), atrial abnormalities (6.6%, 21/316), and semilunar valve abnormalities (3.2%, 10/316). VSD accounted for the largest proportion (24.4%, 77/316) of the ventricular malformations. The total proportion of obstructive lesions in this group was much higher for the right than for the left side of the heart (18.4% (58/316) vs 9.5% (30/316), respectively). The spectrum of fetal CHD detected by echocardiography was much different compared to that accepted in the past. Complex defects were more common prenatally. Ventricular malformations were the largest constituent of all of the defects associated with fetal CHD, and VSD was the most common component of complex defects. Chinese fetal CHD encompassed more right-sided than left-sided obstructive lesions. more...

Published
2014
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8. X-ray diffraction analysis of uranium tritide after aging for 420 days

Author

Y.Z. Zhang, Y.J. Wei, Bingyun Ao, and Xin Wang

Subjects
Uranium hydride, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear fuel, Radiochemistry, Metallurgy, chemistry.chemical_element, Uranium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Vacancy defect, X-ray crystallography, General Materials Science, Embrittlement, Helium, Diffractometer
Abstract

Uranium tritide aging leads to continuous creation of decayed product 3He, vacancies, vacancy clusters, self interstitials, dislocations and helium bubbles. These defects result in the changes of material properties such as degradation of tritium storage, swelling, hardening and intergranular embrittlement. In our previous study, a simple hermetic sample holder that fits the Philip X’Pert Pro X-ray diffractometer has been developed for X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of uranium hydride. In order to help resolve unknowns regarding aging effects of uranium during long-term storage of tritium, XRD techniques with the hermetic method are applied to obtain the structural changes of aged uranium tritide. XRD analysis of uranium tritide aged for 420 days have shown that noticeable peak shifts appear in the diffraction patterns of uranium tritide, which indicate lattice distortion occurrence during the formation and growth of helium bubbles and other associated defects. more...

Published
2009
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9. Path tracking based on H8suboptimal filter and fuzzy control

Author

X.H. Yang, Y.J. Wei, and W.J. Huang M.H. Lin

Subjects
Control theory, Filter (video), Computer science, law, Obstacle, Path tracking, Autopilot, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Mobile robot, Fuzzy control system, law.invention
Abstract

The unmanned automated vehicle which is also called as the wheeled mobile robot is an intelligent vehicle. It mainly depends on the computer system of intelligent autopilot to achieve unmanned control. The intelligent autopilot can make a safe and reliable driving on the road within the vehicle sensor which can control vehicles’ steering and speed by perceiving the road, vehicle location and obstacle information[1]. more...

Published
2013
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13. Cryopreservation of Ginseng Pollen

Author

L.X. Zhang, Y.J. Wei, Ying Wang, W.C. Chang, and Li Liu

Subjects
Germplasm, biology, Stamen, Horticulture, Liquid nitrogen, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, Cryopreservation, Ginseng, Pollen, Botany, medicine, Araliaceae, Plant breeding
Abstract

Cryopreservation of pollen from two ginseng species —Panax ginseng L. and P. quinquefolium L.—was studied. Freezing anthers that served as pollen carriers to -40C before liquid N storage affected pollen viability little after liquid N storage. Anther moisture content affected pollen viability significantly when stored in liquid N. The ideal anther moisture content to carry pollen for liquid N storage was 32% to 26% for P. ginseng and 27% to 17% for P. quinquefolium . Viability of pollen from P. quinquefolium anthers with 25.3% moisture content changed little after 11 months of liquid N storage. Maintaining pollen viability and fertility for along period is important in plant breeding and conserving plant germplasm resources. Studies have shown that cryopreservation of pollen in liquid N (-196C) is art ideal strategy for long-term preservation (Towill, 1985). We report a study of pollen viability and fertility in two ginseng species —Panax ginseng and P. quinquefolium —after liquid N storage. Five- year-old plants of both species were used. Anthers served as the pollen carriers because ginseng pollen is too small to handle individu- ally. Unopened mature anthers were collected. Some of them were wrapped with paper, placed in 1.2-m-diameterplastic test tubes, and sealed with stoppers. The tubes with anthers were immersed in liquid N, either directly or after prefreezing. Prefreezing was stepwise: tem- perature was lowered from 0 to 10C at 1C/min and kept at -10C for 15 min, then cooled to -40C at the same freezing rate, and kept at -40C for more...

Published
1993
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14. Synthesis of optimal block controllers for multivariable control systems and its inverse optimal-control problem

Author

Y.J. Wei and L.S. Shieh

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, Quadratic equation, Control theory, Control system, General Engineering, Process (computing), Inverse optimal control, General Medicine, Multivariable control systems, Transfer function, Block (data storage), Mathematics
Abstract

A new method is presented to synthesise optimal block controllers for a class of multivariable control systems represented by the block companion form. The reverse process of obtaining the optimal block controller is used to determine the block-weighting matrices of the quadratic performance index from prescribed control specifications. more...

Published
1979
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