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The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the radial forearm free flap (RFFF) and groin soft tissue free flap (GSFF) on the quality of life (QoL) of patients undergoing reconstructive surgery after resection for oral cancer. A retrospective analysis of 48 patients was performed. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) questionnaire, and 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire were used to evaluate the donor site scars and QoL of the patients. The postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in the RFFF group than in the GSFF group (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the total VSS score (P = 0.011), VSS score for pigmentation (P 0.001), and OHIP-14 scores for psychological discomfort (P = 0.026) and social disability (P = 0.044) were all significantly higher in the RFFF group than in the GSFF group, while the UW-QOL scores for appearance (P = 0.037) and mood (P = 0.036) were significantly lower in the RFFF group than in the GSFF group. Compared with the RFFF, the GSFF scar is more concealed, with better aesthetics at the donor site, and this flap can result in improved postoperative QoL for patients with oral cancer.

PSR B1706$-$44 is an energetic gamma-ray pulsar located inside supernova remnant (SNR) G343.1$-$2.3 and it powers a compact pulsar wind nebula (PWN) that shows torus and jet structure in X-rays. We present a radio study of the PWN using Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations at 3, 6, 13, and 21\,cm. We found an overall arc-like morphology at 3 and 6\,cm, and the ``arc" shows two distinct peaks at 6\,cm. The radio emission is faint inside the X-ray PWN and only brightens beyond that. We develop a thick torus model with Doppler boosting effect to explain the radio PWN structure. The model suggests a bulk flow speed of $\sim 0.2c$, which could indicate significant deceleration of the flow from the X-ray emitting region. Our polarization result reveals a highly ordered toroidal $B$-field in the PWN. Its origin is unclear given that the supernova reverse shock should have interacted with the PWN. At a larger scale, the 13 and 21\,cm radio images detected a semi-circular rim and an east-west ridge of G343.1$-$2.3. We argue that the latter could possibly be a pulsar tail rather than a filament of the SNR, as supported by the flat radio spectrum and the alignment between the magnetic field and its elongation., 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted by APJ

Braille system is widely used worldwide for communication by visually impaired people. However, there are still some visually impaired people who are unable to learn Braille system due to various factors, such as the age (too young or too old), brain damage, etc. A wearable and low-cost Braille recognition system may substantially help these people recognize Braille or assist them in Braille learning. In this work, we fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based flexible pressure sensors to construct an electronic skin (E-skin) for the application of Braille recognition. The E-skin mimics human touch sensing function for collecting Braille information. Braille recognition is realized with a neural network based on memristors. We utilize a binary neural network algorithm with only two bias layers and three fully connected layers. Such neural network design remarkably reduces the calculation burden and, thus, the system cost. Experiments show that the system can achieve a recognition accuracy of up to 91.25%. This work demonstrates the possibility of realizing a wearable and low-cost Braille recognition system and a Braille learning-assistance system. Published version This work is supported by NSFC under project No. 92064004 and Creative Technology Fund of Chengdu under Project No of 2019-YF08-00256-GX.

This study aims at evaluating the prognostic value of LncRNA-HOTAIR for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).A comprehensive databases and literature search was performed on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP database up to the end of February 2022, for published studies on the connection of HCC and HOTAIR. STATA 12.0 software was used for the meta-analysis.Eight studies with 412 patients were selected to be entered in the meta-analysis. We found that high expression of HOTAIR was associated with III+IV tumor stage (HR=2.31, 95% CI:1.32, 4.01), and it was not associated with age (HR=0.86, 95% CI:0.55, 1.34), gender (HR=0.91, 95% CI:0.55, 1.46), tumor number (HR=1.58, 95% CI:0.72, 3.48), tumor size (HR=1.54, 95% CI:0.96, 2.49), lymph node metastasis (HR=0.66, 95% CI:0.38, 1.15), AFP (HR=0.81, 95% CI:0.46, 1.42), cirrhosis (HR=1.34, 95% CI:0.75, 2.41), or portal invasion (HR=1.76, 95% CI:0.83, 3.72). A high expression level of HOTAIR was associated with a poorer OS (HR=3.12, 95% CI:1.31-7.43, p=0.010) and RFS (HR=1.67, 95% CI:1.23-2.26, p=0.010) for patients with HCC.A high expression level of HOTAIR was associated with III+IV tumor stage. Our meta-analysis clearly supports the prognostic value of HOTAIR to predict unfavorable prognostic outcomes for patients with HCC.

Vehicle’s wheels were mostly modeled as a point, which can touch the valleys of pavement roughness, creating unrealistic high-frequency oscillation. This can be avoided by using the disk model for the wheels, which however adds significant complexity to the vehicle–bridge interaction (VBI) analysis. In this paper, a refined roughness formula is generated to account for the wheel size effect such that it can be used by point model. Still, the low-frequency part of the roughness presents some masking effect on the bridge scanning by the test vehicle. To this end, two countermeasures are suggested, i.e. residual response and traffic flows. This study has demonstrated that: (1) the roughness generated by the refined formula can reflect the trace of the disk model; (2) the refined formula facilitates the VBI analysis by using the point model; and (3) the two countermeasures for roughness are effective for improving the scanning of bridge frequencies.

The article "Combination therapy with metformin and IL-12 to inhibit the growth of hepatic carcinoma by promoting apoptosis and autophagy in HepG2-bearing mice, by Z. Jin, B.-X. Jia, L.-D. Tan, Q.-M. Chen, Y.-H. Liu, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (23): 12368-12379-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202012_24031-PMID: 33336757" has been retracted by the authors as they cannot ensure the reliability of the manuscript due to inaccuracies in the conclusions and in the experiment (the cell migration and invasion assay along with the cell cycle arrest assay are missing). The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause https://www.europeanreview.org/article/24031.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 -) breast cancer. METHODS: In the study, 3 035 consecutive breast cancer patients diagnosed in Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital from January 2008 to December 2017 were collected. The prognostic signi-ficance of important pathological factors in HR +/HER2 - patients with complete clinicopathological information was analyzed. RESULTS: Within the 1 920 (63.26%) cases of HR +/HER2 - breast cancer, there were 1 624 cases with complete clinicopathological data, of which, 124 cases (7.64%) recurred and/or metastasized and 63 cases died of the disease, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate and disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 93.0% and 92.6% respectively. The stage of pT1-2 was 92.80%, while pN0 was 69.03%. 89.66% cases belonged to histologically non-specific type and 30.11%, 55.60%, 14.29% were credited to Grade 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The distribution of ER negative, low or high expression groups were 1.60%, 2.09% and 96.31%, while PR were 6.83%, 10.47%, 82.70%, respectively. The group of Ki67 index < 10% was 19.52%, ≥10% & < 20% for 32.02%, ≥20% for 48.46%. Survival analysis showed that cases with pT1 stage had lower risk of recurrence than those with pT3, while cases with pT2 and pT3 had shorter DFS than those with pT1, with higher risk of recurrence and metastasis. Analysis proved that both pN stage and histological grade were negatively correlated with DFS. The cases with pN0, pN1 and pN2 were lower risk of recurrence than those with pN3, while cases with Grade 1 and 2 had lower risk of recurrence than cases with Grade 3. And the group of Ki67 index ≥20% showed higher risk of recurrence and metastasis. The prognostic significance of ER expression in HR+/HER2- breast cancer was not significant. However, the negative/low PR expression groups showed higher risk of recurrence and metastasis, of which PR < 10% group had shortest DFS and OS, followed by 10%-60% group and then > 60% group. The most common site of metastasis was bone (55 cases, 44.35%), while cases with liver metastasis (30 cases, 24.20%) had the worst outcome. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that pT, pN, Grade, HR expression level and Ki67 index were important prognostic factors for HR +/HER2 - breast cancer, although there are variables in prognostic value. Factors of pN and Grade showed independent prognostic significance. PR expression level had prognostic significance for the risk of recurrence and metastasis. The stratified level of PR expression (< 10%, 10%-60%, >60%) had independent prognostic value, showing successively longer DFS and OS, lower risk of recurrence. PR>60% group had the longest DFS and OS as well as the lowest risk of recurrence.

To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of 25% wettable powder of pyriclobenzuron sulphate (WPPS) againstIn October 2020, a snail-infested setting which had been cleared was selected in Nanjian County, Yunnan Province and divided into several blocks, and the natural snail mortality was estimated. 25% WPPS was prepared into solutions at concentrations of 1 and 2 g/L, and 25% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPNES) was prepared into solutions at a concentration of 2 g/L. The different concentrations of drugs were sprayed evenly, and the same amount of water was used as blank control. Snails were surveyed using the systematic sampling method 1, 3 and 7 days post-treatment, and snail survival was observed. A fish pond was selected in Nanjian County, and 2 kg 25% WPPS was evenly sprayed on the water surface to allow the effective concentration of 20 g/L. Fish mortality was estimated 8, 24, 48 and 72 h post-treatment.One-day treatment with 1 and 2 g/L WPPS and 2 g/L WPNES resulted in 97.99%, 97.99% and 94.11% adjusted snail mortality rates (25% WPPS is effective for snail control and highly safe for fish, which is feasible for use in hilly schistosomiasis-endemic regions.

MEK/ERK signalling has been identified as a key factor that terminates diapause in Sarcophaga crassipalpis and Bombyx mori. Paradoxically, high p-MEK/p-ERK signalling induces diapause in pupae of the moth Helicoverpa armigera; however, the regulatory mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we show that p-MEK and p-ERK are elevated in the brain of diapause-destined pupae and suppression of MEK/ERK activity terminates diapause progress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate MEK/ERK signalling, causing large-scale phosphorylation of downstream proteins. The levels of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins are also significantly reduced when ROS or p-ERK level decreased. Moreover, terminated diapause progress by 20-hydroxyecdysone injection significantly decreases p-MEK, p-ERK and phospho-ribosomal S6 kinase levels, while phospho-MAPK substrates and ubiquitin-conjugated protein levels increase. Our data demonstrate that high MEK/ERK signalling mediated by ROS promotes diapause maintenance via increasing phosphorylation and degradation of downstream substrates. The results of this study may provide important information for understanding the regulatory mechanisms during insect diapause.

ABSTRACT: Multistage hydraulic fracturing in horizontal well is the key means to realize efficient development of shale reservoir. Traditional fracturing optimization mainly applies single factor analysis or orthogonal test based on numerical simulation, which is time consuming and is difficult to obtain the global optimal solution. In this paper, an optimization method of hydraulic fracturing design for horizontal shale gas well based on artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. On the basis of collecting geology, engineering, and production data of fractured horizontal wells, the main production influencing factors are obtained with recursive feature elimination and cross validation method, then a data-driven production prediction model is constructed based on ANN, and the GA is used to search the global optimal combination of fracturing parameters. With the data set of 162 fractured horizontal wells from a shale gas field in Sichuan Basin, an ANN production prediction model is trained and tested. The calculation efficiency is high, and the determination coefficient exceeds 0.8. Furthermore, an optimal fracturing parameters combination strategy is proposed for a new completed well in this area. This method can provide some guidance for production evaluation and hydraulic fracturing design of horizontal shale gas wells. 1. INTRODUCTION Shale gas development mainly relies on horizontal well and staged fracturing, optimizing the fracturing strategy is critical to maximize well production and the ultimate recovery. The current fracturing optimization design mainly applies single factor analysis or orthogonal test methods to find the optimal horizontal well length, number of fractures, or fracture length, with the goal to maximize well production or net present value. However, limited by the search method and search interval, it is difficult to obtain the global optimal solution. What’s more, the optimization process is carried out with numerical simulator, involving complex and coupled fluid flow in matrix, natural fractures, artificial fractures and wellbore, so the calculation is time-consuming. Thanks to the increase of shale gas development efforts, data related to development and production are accumulating rapidly and continuously (Tan et al. 2017; Zhang et al. 2022). Therefore, extracting knowledge from the existing data, establishing a reliable and fast model to predict the well production, and then carrying out fracturing optimization with the combination of intelligent algorithm, is of practical interest for fracturing engineers.

Background Laparoscopic reduction in the treatment of intussusception in children who failed fluoroscopy-guided air enema has gained popularity recently. The question arises as to how many laparoscopic procedures are required before the technique is safely performed. This study aimed to evaluate and quantify the learning curve associated with laparoscopic reduction for intussusception at the authors’ center. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic reduction by the same surgeon at our center between August 2014 and December 2020. Patient data including age, gender, BMI (body mass index), ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists fitness grade), clinical manifestation, preoperative air enema attempts, operative time, anatomic type of intussusception, length of intussusception, No. of intussusception, recurrence of intussusception, pathologic lead point, concomitant procedure, complications, conversion, length of postoperative stay were analyzed over time to evaluate the learning curve.Results A total of 34 patients received laparoscopic reduction of intussusception during the study period. The two groups were comparable, with their baseline demographics and clinical characteristics remained similar over time. Complications were experienced by 27% of the first 15 patients, which decreased to 0% during the next 19 patients (p = 0.029). The median operative time between the first 15 patients (45 min) and the next 19 patients (65 min) was not significantly different (p = 0.822). The median postoperative hospital stay was 4 days for the first 15 patients and 6 days for the next 19 patients (p = 0.253). The conversion rates were not significantly different between the first 15 patients (13%) and next 19 patients (16%) (p = 1.0).Conclusions The complication rate was sharply decreased after 15 laparoscopic procedures. This indicates that the learning curve for laparoscopic reduction for intussusception of an experienced surgeon is approximately 15 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status and influencing factors of anxiety tendency among occupational population in China and to examine the joint association between sedentary behavior and physical activity with anxiety tendency. METHODS: The data were from the 2021 Asia Best Workplace (Chinese mainland) program. The Generalized Anxiety Tendency scale was used to assess employees' anxiety status, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing anxiety tendency and calculate the odds ratio (OR) within different groups. The OR of sitting for each sitting-physical activity (PA) combination group and within PA strata were calculated to explore the joint association. RESULTS: A total of 11 903 workers with an average age of 32.9 years were included in this study. Among them, 3 562 workers had anxiety tendency (29.9%) and the prevalence of those under 40 years old (30.6%) was significantly higher than the other age group (26.7%). 41.0% of the respondents had the moderated to vigorous physical activity. Their average daily sitting time was 9.4 h, and the percentage of those who exceeded 8 h sitting reached 73.9% in the past week. The analysis of Logistic regression showed that smoking (OR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.23-1.39), longer sedentary time and lower physical activity level were risk factors for anxiety tendency, and longer average daily sleep time (OR=0.56, 95%CI: 0.51-0.61) was a protective factor. The joint association analysis and stratified analysis of physical activity and sedentary behavior with anxiety tendency showed that increased sedentary time combined with decreased physical activity intensity was significantly associated with increased risk of anxiety tendency (range of OR: 1.64-3.14). The threshold for sedentary time in total as a risk factor for anxiety tendency gradually decreased as physical activity intensity increased. CONCLUSION: The anxiety tendency and sedentary behavior among the occupational population should recieve more attention. Lack of physical activity and sedentary behavior are both risk factors for anxiety tendency, and strengthening the intensity of physical activity can attenuate the harmful effects of sedentary behavior on anxiety tendency.

We study two types of bright solitons in zero and non-zero detuning spin–orbit-coupled (SOC) Bose–Einstein condensates in fractional effect by variational and imaginary-time evolution method. The results show that the variation of SOC with fractional kinetic energy operator affects the existence and form of solitons. In particular, we found that SOC strength γ = 1.0 could be a transition point. In other words, for γ < 1.0 and γ ⩾ 1.0 , the soliton states and pseudo-spin polarization in non-zero detuning show opposite changes. In addition, moving bright solitons with zero and non-zero detuning are studied.

前庭系统不仅在维持躯体平衡方面发挥重要作用，也参与认知功能。前庭功能障碍患者的认知受损主要体现在视觉空间认知能力和非视觉空间认知能力，其中儿童群体认知受损主要体现在执行功能及日常学习表现。目前关于两者关系的机制尚不明确，多认为与前庭信息参与更高级的皮层区域投射有关。临床常见前庭疾病，如前庭性偏头痛、双侧前庭病等也可能对患者的认知功能产生影响。此外，听力损失、焦虑等情感反应可能参与介导前庭功能与认知的关系。本文围绕前庭功能与认知的关系，从影响维度、机制、常见前庭疾病与认知的关系及前庭功能与其他可能导致认知下降因素的关系等方面进行综述，从而为前庭功能患者的认知管理提供参考。.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are two of the respiratory diseases with the highest mortality, which have posed huge threat to human health and brought great burden to society and family. The mechanism of COPD with lung cancer is very complicated. In order to clarify the linkage between these two diseases, this review summarized the present researches of COPD and lung cancer from the aspects of immunology and genetics. The immunologic aspect focused on innate immune of neutrophil and macrophage, adaptive immune of B cell, T cell and oxidative stress. The genetic aspect focused on susceptibility gene and microRNA. Through the thorough elaboration of these researches, we hope to provide useful insights into the further research of mechanism, diagnosis and targeted therapy of COPD with lung cancer.慢性阻塞性肺疾病（简称慢阻肺）和肺癌是当今病死率最高的两大呼吸系统疾病，给人类健康造成严重威胁，给社会和家庭带来巨大负担。慢阻肺合并肺癌的机制非常复杂，为更好理清两者关系，本文从免疫角度和基因角度对现有研究进行逐一梳理。其中，免疫聚焦中性粒细胞及巨噬细胞的固有免疫和B细胞及T细胞的获得性免疫及氧化应激角度，基因聚焦遗传易感基因和调控microRNA角度。本文全面阐释慢阻肺合并肺癌的机制，以期对未来机制的研究、诊断和靶向治疗等临床方面的探索提供有益方向。.

To compare the effectiveness of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and microscopic examinations for detection ofFour hilly schistosomiasis-endemic villages where transmission interruption was achieved were selected in Heqing County of Yunnan Province as the study villages, including Xinzhuang and Gule villages in hilly regions and Lianyi and Yitou villages in dam regions. Snail survey was performed by means of systematic sampling combined with environmental sampling in July 2018. All captured snails were identified forA total of 7 949 living snails were captured from 83 snail habitats in 4 villages, and noLAMP assay is more sensitive to detect

Proteases are widely used in the food industry to hydrolyze proteins and prepare bioactive peptides. Peptide mapping identification supports the application of proteases in the food industry. The site-specified peptide identification method, which was developed for site-specific proteases like trypsin, is relatively mature and reliable but cannot be applied using most industrial proteases with weak site specificity. To address this issue, the performance and reliability of the site-unspecified peptide identification method should be investigated and evaluated. In this study, tryptic hydrolysates of a single protein and a protein mixture were used to evaluate the site-unspecified identification method. The species origin of the hydrolyzed proteins was not specified in a database search, meaning that millions of protein sequences were included for calculating and matching. At least 98% of the tryptic peptides were successfully identified via the site-unspecified method, demonstrating that the site-unspecified method shows promising reliability. Moreover, the site-unspecified method identified more peptides than the site-specified method, including those from the low-frequency site-unspecific hydrolysis of trypsin, suggesting that the method has strong capabilities for peptide mapping. The results indicate the applicability of the site-unspecified peptide identification method in the study of site-unspecific industrial proteases.

Cold stress is one major threats to field crops. The cold tolerant ability is a key limiting factor for the popularization of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in cold areas. Our previous research showed three key metabolic change time points of peanut buds in response to low temperature. The present study applied iTRAQ proteomic to further quantify differentially expressed proteins in three key metabolic change time points. A total of 2684 non-redundant proteins and 333 differentially expressed proteins across the three cold stress treatment points were identified. The results enrich the cold stress regulation network and provide useful information for further improving the ability of peanut under cold stress.