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Background Venous thromboembolism represents a crucial perioperative complication and causes morbidity and mortality. It is important to predict deep vein thrombosis (DVT) before surgery under general anesthesia. Purpose We developed a pretest probability score for predicting DVT with perioperative clinical and laboratory variables. Methods Total 7435 patients were planed surgery under general anesthesia between 2017 and 2018. 1313 patients were performed whole leg ultrasonography suspected DVT using cutoff point of D-dimer ≥1μg/ml. We excluded age Results We found 6 clinical and 1 laboratory parameters that predicted DVT in patients before surgery. The prediction rule for DVT assigned 2 points for D-dimer more than 1.44 μg/ml and 1 point for age ≥60 years, female, ongoing steroid, active cancer with high risk of DVT, prolong immobility and antipsychotic drug. In derivation and validation cohorts, area under the curve was 0.73 and 0.70, respectively. New preoperative risk model with these parameters stratified patients into 3 individual categories corresponding to the risk of DVT. Rates of DVT in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively, were 6% and 7% in low-risk (score 0–2), 22% and 21% in intermediate-risk (score 3–4), and 49% and 47% in high-risk (score ≥5) category. Rates of fresh DVT were 1% and 3% in low-risk, 10% and 9% in intermediate-risk, and 33% and 19% in high-risk category. Conclusion This score stratifies perioperative DVT risk and may detect effectively DVT. The findings should be considered with the further prospective research. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Rate of DVT

ARC is a kilojoule petawatt-class laser system which generates high energy x-ray and particle sources for radiography of experiments on the National Ignition Facility. We present recent progress on laser performance measurements and system modeling.

Summary Background Given the unique phenotype of type 2 diabetes in Japanese patients, novel therapies such as oral semaglutide require evaluation in this population. PIONEER 9 aimed to assess the dose-response of oral semaglutide and to compare the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide with placebo and a subcutaneous GLP-1 receptor agonist in a Japanese population. Methods PIONEER 9 was a 52-week, phase 2/3a, randomised, controlled trial done at 16 sites (clinics and university hospitals) in Japan. Japanese patients aged 20 years or older with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes managed by diet or exercise or with oral glucose-lowering drug monotherapy (washed out) were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1:1) to receive double-blind once-daily oral semaglutide (3 mg, 7 mg, or 14 mg) or placebo, or open-label subcutaneous once-daily liraglutide 0·9 mg. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26 with the trial product (primary) estimand (which assumes all patients remained on trial product without rescue medication use) in all randomly assigned patients. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03018028 . Findings Between Jan 10, and July 11, 2017, 243 patients were randomly assigned to oral semaglutide 3 mg (n=49), 7 mg (n=49), or 14 mg (n=48), or placebo (n=49), or to liraglutide 0·9 mg (n=48). Changes in HbA1c from baseline (mean 8·2%) to week 26 were dose-dependent with oral semaglutide (mean change −1·1% [SE 0·1] for oral semaglutide 3 mg, −1·5% [0·1] for 7 mg, and −1·7% [0·1] for 14 mg), −0·1% (0·1) with placebo, and −1·4% (0·1) with liraglutide 0·9 mg. Estimated treatment differences for change in HbA1c compared with placebo were −1·1 percentage points (95% CI −1·4 to −0·8; p Interpretation This study showed that oral semaglutide provides significant reductions in HbA1c compared with placebo in a dose-dependent manner in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, and has a safety profile consistent with that of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Funding Novo Nordisk.

In general, a deep learning needs a lot of samples. However, in a practical pattern recognition problem, the number of training samples is usually limited. We investigate the effect of an image data augmentation by a perspective transformation on a convolution neural network(CNN) for handwritten digit classification in a small training sample size situation. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the image data augmentation by the perspective transformation on the CNN for handwritten digit classification particularly in the small training sample size situation.

Liquid sloshing is usually associated with violent changes and breakups of free surfaces and strong fluid structure interactions. These phenomena present unique challenges for traditional computational fluid dynamics methods. In this paper, the material point method (MPM) is extended to solve the dynamic behavior of sloshing liquids in a moving container and a numerical scheme is developed to calculate impact pressure based on a contact algorithm over background grids. Moreover, a weakly compressible equation of state which employs an artificial sound speed is incorporated into the MPM to compute the pressure field of the liquid phase and a special scheme is employed to apply harmonic excitation to the particle-discretized container. The performance of the improved MPM in prediction of liquid impact pressure is verified by modeling a water block dropping test onto an aluminum plate. To further validate the proposed scheme, liquid sloshing experiments in a partially filled tank are conducted. The slosh-induced impact pressures on the vertical walls of the tank obtained from the MPM simulation are in good agreement with the experimental results.

We report on the design, performance, and qualification of the injection laser system designed to deliver joule-level chirped pulse beamlets arranged in dual rectangular beam formats into two main laser amplifier beamlines of the National Ignition Facility. The system is designed to meet the requirements of the Advanced Radiographic Capability upgrade with features that deliver performance, adjustability, and long-term reliability.

The classification of diffuse lung opacities in high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) images is an important step for developing a computer-aided diagnosis(CAD) system. In designing the CAD system for classifying diffuse lung opacities in HRCT images, a histogram feature has been shown to be effective. In order to improve further the classification performance of the CAD system, we have proposed the use of a local histogram feature vector. The experimental results show that the proposed method leads to clear improvement of the classification performance.

In this report, we describe a method and the resultant performance data for precise and efficient laser pulse width stabilization in the ultrafast laser regime. The pulse quality feedback mechanism is based on a two-photon absorption detector, and the adjustments to system dispersion are executed by embedded software tuning the inter-grating distance in the pulse compressor. Relative pulse width variability of only 4% is demonstrated over 8 hours despite changing ambient conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first ever ultrafast laser pulse autonomous stabilization scheme integrated into an industrial platform.

To reduce MBR O&M costs, a new MBR process that conducts efficient simultaneous biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal (BNR) was developed. In the development of this process, various approaches were taken, including reduction of power demand, chemical consumption and sludge disposal costs. To address power demand reductions, air supply requirements for membrane cleaning were reduced. The process adopted an improved membrane that requires less air for cleaning than conventional membranes. It also introduced cyclic aeration, which alternately supplies washing air to the two series of membrane units. Adoption of biological phosphorus removal eliminated chemical costs for phosphorus removal and contributed to the reduction of sludge disposal costs. By combining these technologies, compared to conventional MBR processes, an approximately 27% reduction in O&M costs was achieved.

Number distributions of secondary electrons emitted from a Au metal surface have been measured for atomic and molecular ions of H þ ,H e þ ,C þ ,N þ ,O þ ,H þ ,H þ , HeH þ ,C O þ and O þ in the energy range 0.3-2.0 MeV. The emission statistics obtained are described fairly well by a Pfunction. The P� o parameter b, determining the distribution shape, is found to decrease monotonously with increasing emission yield c, revealing a surprising relationship of bc � 1 over the different projectile species and impact energies. This finding supports certainly the electron cascading model. Also we find a strong negative molecular effect for heavier molecular ions, showing a significant reduction of c com- pared to the estimated values using constituent atomic projectile data. 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Over the past three decades two related forms of violent crime have emerged in the US as subsets of non-accidental, volitional death-dealing: serial killing and mass murder. Today, the US bears the dubious distinction of being the world leader in the production of serial killers and mass murderers. Criminologists, law enforcement officials, and writers of "true crime" books are at a loss to explain the recent proliferation of these expressions of the murderous violence. This article advances the hypothesis that serial killing and mass murder are examples of civilian "blowback" that originates with heightened US military adventurism in the postwar period. During this time most of the victims of state-sanctioned military violence have been yellow people (Korean War, Vietnam War) and the essay connects this with the overrepresentation of Asian Americans who have fallen victim to mass murders and serial killers, the majority of whom are white. As such, the essay also supplies a sorely-needed corrective to the...

(2001). Equity and diversity in media representation. Critical Studies in Media Communication: Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 109-114.