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3. Smartphone scanning is a reliable and accurate alternative to contemporary residual limb measurement techniques.

Author

Sam Walters, Benjamin Metcalfe, Martin Twiste, Elena Seminati, and Nicola Y Bailey

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Monitoring the volume and shape of residual limbs post-amputation is necessary to achieve optimal socket fit and determine overall limb health, yet contemporary clinical measurement techniques show high variance between measures. Three-dimensional scanning presents an opportunity for improved accuracy and reliability of residual limb measurements, however, three-dimensional scanners remain prohibitively expensive. A cost-effective alternative is the use of software that can utilise the photographs of modern smartphone cameras to create geometrically accurate scans. Whilst several studies have investigated the potential of privately developed photogrammetry algorithms for capturing residual limbs with clinical accuracy, none to the authors knowledge have explored commercially available software to do the same. Three applications were tested, namely Polycam, Luma, and Meshroom, to determine if they could produce clinically acceptable results. Scans of ten residual limbs were created using both smartphone technology and a reference structured-light scanner (Artec EVA), against which the validity and reliability of the resulting limb models were assessed using the Bland-Altman method and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, respectively. Polycam and Luma achieved both Pearson Coefficients and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients of 0.999, and Coefficients of Variation of 1.1% and 1.4%, respectively. Volume reliability coefficients were 58.3 ml and 70.0 ml respectively for Polycam and Luma, whereas Meshroom failed to meet any of the criteria for clinical suitability, with a repeatability coefficient of 790.3 ml. Both Polycam and Luma exhibit sufficient accuracy and reliability to be considered for clinical volume measurements.

Published
2024
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5. An Integrated Kinematic Modeling and Experimental Approach for an Active Endoscope

Author

Andrew Isbister, Nicola Y. Bailey, and Ioannis Georgilas

Subjects
endoscopic robots, experimental validation, Cosserat theory, closed-loop control, actuation, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Continuum robots are a type of robotic device that are characterized by their flexibility and dexterity, thus making them ideal for an active endoscope. Instead of articulated joints they have flexible backbones that can be manipulated remotely, usually through tendons secured onto structures attached to the backbone. This structure makes them lightweight and ideal to be miniaturized for endoscopic applications. However, their flexibility poses technical challenges in the modeling and control of these devices, especially when closed-loop control is needed, as is the case in medical applications. There are two main approaches in the modeling of continuum robots, the first is to theoretically model the behavior of the backbone and the interaction with the tendons, while the second is to collect experimental observations and retrospectively apply a model that can approximate their apparent behavior. Both approaches are affected by the complexity of continuum robots through either model accuracy/computational time (theoretical method) or missing complex system interactions and lacking expandability (experimental method). In this work, theoretical and experimental descriptions of an endoscopic continuum robot are merged. A simplified yet representative mathematical model of a continuum robot is developed, in which the backbone model is based on Cosserat rod theory and is coupled to the tendon tensions. A robust numerical technique is formulated that has low computational costs. A bespoke experimental facility with precise automated motion of the backbone via the precise control of tendon tension, leads to a robust and detailed description of the system behavior provided through a contactless sensor. The resulting facility achieves a real-world mean positioning error of 3.95% of the backbone length for the examined range of tendon tensions which performs favourably to existing approaches. Moreover, it incorporates hysteresis behavior that could not be predicted by the theoretical modeling alone, reinforcing the benefits of the hybrid approach. The proposed workflow is theoretically grounded and experimentally validated allowing precise prediction of the continuum robot behavior, adhering to realistic observations. Based on this accurate estimation and the fact it is geometrically agnostic enables the proposed model to be scaled for various robotic endoscopes.

Published
2021
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6. Internal Rotor Actuation and Magnetic Bearings for the Active Control of Rotating Machines

Author

Gauthier A. Fieux, Nicola Y. Bailey, and Patrick S. Keogh

Subjects
active magnetic bearing, smart rotors, vibration cancellation, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations, TK1001-1841
Abstract

Passive rotors are often limited in rotational speed due to bearing constraints, stability and excessive vibration levels. To address the vibration issue, Active Magnetic Bearings (AMBs) levitating the rotor with a magnetic field can be used. They offer a clearance and variable stiffness and damping to the rotor support, which help to mitigate greatly the vibration issue. However, they are also limited at large rotational speed because of the high frequency control force required to levitate the rotor safely. To overcome the frequency limitation, a dual AMBs/internal bending control concept is investigated with associated modelling and control algorithms. This approach is examined in simulation with a 19 kg rotor running up to 10,000 RPM, where three resonance frequencies are present at 2700, 5300, and 9300 RPM, with the first resonant frequency being the most strongly excited. Using internal rotor bending control, a maximum radial displacement of 15 μm for the rotor mid-point is achieved, which gives a reduction in vibration amplitude of 45% compared to the case of no control. Variations of the algorithm are presented and discussed, showing the potential of the proposed approach.

Published
2022
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7. Probability of Face Contact for a High-Speed Pressurised Liquid Film Bearing Including a Slip Boundary Condition

Author

Nicola Y. Bailey, Andrew Cliffe, Stephen Hibberd, and Henry Power

Subjects
Reynolds equation, slip condition, method of derived distribution, probability density function, face contact, Science
Abstract

An initial deterministic mathematical model for the dynamic motion of a simple pressurised liquid film bearing is derived and utilised to evaluate the possibility of bearing contact for thin film operation. For a very thin film bearing the flow incorporates a Navier slip boundary condition as parametrised by a slip length that in general is subject to significant variability and is difficult to determine with precision. This work considers the formulation of a modified Reynolds equation for the pressurised liquid flow in a highly rotating coned bearing. Coupling of the axial motion of the stator is induced by prescribed axial oscillations of the rotor through the liquid film. The bearing gap is obtained from solving a nonlinear second-order non-autonomous ordinary differential equation, via a mapping solver. Variability in the value of the slip length parameter is addressed by considering it as a random variable with prescribed mean and standard deviation. The method of derived distributions is used to exactly quantify the impact of variability in the slip length with a parametric study investigating the effect of both the deterministic and distribution parameters on the probability of contact. Additionally, as the axial rotor oscillations also have a random aspect due to possible varying excitations of the system, the probability of contact is investigated for both random amplitude of the periodic rotor oscillations and random slip length, resulting in a two parameter random input problem. The probability of contact is examined to obtain exact solutions and evaluate a range of bearing configurations.

Published
2015
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13. Minority Voices From the Academic Superstructure

Author

Erold K. Bailey, Nigel O.M. Brissett, Carol Y. Bailey, Erold K. Bailey, Nigel O.M. Brissett, and Carol Y. Bailey

Subjects
Postcolonialism--Study and teaching--United States, Minority college teachers--United States--Social conditions, Minorities in higher education--United States, Critical race theory--United States, Discrimination in higher education--United States
Abstract

'This book is a critical conversation that bases its argument on interviews with 99 BIPOC faculty from across the United States and across a range of institutions, including large public and private universities, small liberal arts colleges, and mid-size public institutions. Using critical race theory (CRT) and postcolonial studies as the central theoretical frameworks, and critical race feminism as a supporting critical paradigm, the authors bring to attention some of the persistent challenges that FOC face even in the twenty-first century'--

Published
2025

14. Visual Clues

Author

Frankie Y. Bailey

Subjects
Aesthetics, Perception, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychology, media_common
Published
2020
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15. Prediction of flows in enclosed rotor–stator cavities

Author

Nicola Y. Bailey, J. Michael Owen, Isaac F. Mear, and Hui Tang

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, Computational Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract

A robust and fully predictive mathematical representation has been derived to predict the swirl ratio, pressure, and torque in enclosed rotor–stator cavities. For the flow regime of interest, turbulent boundary layers form on the rotor and stator, between which there is an inviscid fluid core. Utilizing the momentum-integral equations with suitable assumptions and the continuity of mass equation, governing equations are derived for the flow behavior, with the assumption that the swirl ratio is dependent on the radius. Predictive initial conditions are formulated, and a robust, computationally inexpensive numerical technique is implemented and predictions are shown to be in reasonable agreement with existing experimental data. The swirl ratio was proven to be highly dependent on the radius, with the distribution modified by the shroud and hub conditions. Additionally, the effects of two geometrical parameters were studied, namely, the gap ratio and non-dimensional inner radius. As the gap ratio increases from 0.05 to 0.5, the swirl ratio at the outer radius decreases from 0.56 to 0.35, leading to an increase in torque coefficient from 0.38 to 0.44. The swirl ratios for different inner radii differ at the inner part of the cavity while converging to a single value at the outer radius. The presented model can easily be integrated into the design code for gas turbine engines, contributing to the design of more efficient engines.

Published
2022
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16. Targeting macrophages by an aza-anthrapyrazole to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Author

Dylan Launder, Heather R. Conti, Jianyang Du, Frank K. Assifuah, Destiny Y. Bailey, Olivia A. Miller, Boyd M. Koffman, and Boren Lin

Subjects
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, medicine.medical_treatment, T cell, Inflammation, Article, Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, medicine, Macrophage, Animals, Anthracyclines, 030212 general & internal medicine, biology, business.industry, Macrophages, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Neurodegenerative Diseases, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cytokine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Immunology, biology.protein, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease in the central nerve system, in which both innate and adaptive immune cells are involved. BBR3378, an aza-anthrapyrazole prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an inflammatory condition similar to MS, by antagonizing T cell autoimmune responses. Here, we report BBR3378’s regulatory effect on macrophages. Methods EAE was induced in ten-week-old female C57BL/6 mice by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptides followed by BBR3378 or sham treatment administered intraperitoneally, and clinical signs were assessed using a 0–5 scoring system. These mice were subjected to serum ELISA for cytokine IFNγ and TNFα levels, RT qPCR analysis of macrophage markers in isolated monocytes, and flow cytometry analysis for macrophage infiltration in the brain. Macrophages derived from primary monocytes and macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 were used to investigate BBR3378’s effect on LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine induction. RAW 264.7 cells expressing NF-κB-driven luciferase reporter were treated with LPS with or without BBR3378, and luciferase assays performed to assess the inhibition on NF-κB activation. LPS-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) with or without the presence of BBR3378 was also investigated by Western blot analysis. Results BBR3378 down-regulated cytokine-induced macrophage differentiation and activation in EAE mice, contributing to protection against macrophage infiltration in the brain and clinical symptoms from EAE. Treating macrophages with BBR3378 counteracted LPS-induced cytokine production via blocking activation of key signal molecules mediating inflammatory responses, such as NF-κB and MAPKs. Conclusions These data suggest that in addition to T cells, BBR3378 can also target macrophages to attenuate the inflammation associated with EAE.

Published
2020

19. MANAGEMENT OF THYROTOXICOSIS AMONG GENERAL PRACTITIONERS IN TRINIDAD COMPARED WITH 2016 AMERICAN THYROID ASSOCIATION GUIDELINES FOR HYPERTHYROIDISM

Author

Justin Sooknanan, Anil V. Surujbally, Chelsea D.iedra Kanhai, Danielle J.ustina Stewart, Henr y. Bailey, Mohanchan Shastri Motilal, Surujpal Teelucksingh, Sherr y. A.nn Soongoon-Padarath, Jonathan K.ieran Spann, Andrea Sookram, Scott Peter Sookhai, Videsh Sookram, and Sunita Sudama

Subjects
Male, endocrine system, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Cross-sectional study, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graves' disease, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Hyperthyroidism, Iodine Radioisotopes, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, Continuing medical education, General Practitioners, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Thyroid Neoplasms, Index case, Response rate (survey), business.industry, Thyroid, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Graves Disease, United States, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cross-Sectional Studies, Thyrotoxicosis, Trinidad and Tobago, Etiology, Female, business
Abstract

Objective: A previous Trinidadian survey highlighted the investigative and therapeutic approaches selected by general practitioners (GPs) in managing thyrotoxicosis. The main objective of this study was to compare practice with existing guidelines. Methods: In this cross-sectional study a pretested de novo questionnaire was self-administered to GPs throughout Trinidad. The survey evaluated GPs' choices in management of thyrotoxicosis cases and compared their responses to the 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines as well as with those previously reported locally. Results: A total of 159 completed questionnaires were analyzed (59% response rate). Thyroid stimulating hormone was the preferred (94%) biochemical test to confirm thyrotoxicosis etiology. A combination of ultra-sound and thyroid scintigraphy, thyroid ultrasound alone, and scintigraphy only were the testing options selected by 41%, 38%, and 12%, respectively. Generally medical therapy with antithyroid drugs was the preferred treatment option with 86% of respondents selecting this option for the index case of newly diagnosed female Graves disease. The greatest proportion of respondents that selected radioactive iodine (RAI) was 35% for both the index case as well as the male equivalent. Surgery was the most popular option at 25% for patients with a toxic multinodular goiter. Having access to RAI and scintigraphy was reported by 32% and 28%, respectively. Conclusion: GPs appear to be constrained to making rational choices based upon availability rather than what the guidelines recommend. In the absence of formal continuing medical education for GPs on thyrotoxicosis, dissemination of guidelines at the primary care level may reduce this gap. Abbreviations: ATA = American Thyroid Association; ATD = antithyroid drugs; CME = continued medical education; GP = general practitioner; RAI = radioactive iodine; SURG = surgery; T4 = thyroxine; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone

Published
2019

20. Vitamin D deficiency in a European inflammatory bowel disease inception cohort:an Epi-IBD study

Author

J. Olsen, Vibeke Andersen, Jens Kjeldsen, Natalia Pedersen, Zsuzsanna Vegh, Kaimaklioti Ioannis, Schwartz Doron, Daniel Bergemalm, Gediminas Kiudelis, Stefania Chetcuti Zammit, Ravi Misra, Jens Frederik Dahlerup, Daniela Lazăr, Marko Brinar, Marie Nováková, Colm O'Morain, Pierre Ellul, D. Valpiani, Emma Whitehead, Karen Kudsk, Pia Oksanen, Naila Arebi, Adriana L H Kievit, Sven Almer, Silvija Čuković-Čavka, Martin Bortlik, Odes Shmuel, Pekka Collin, Limas Kupčinskas, Olga Shonová, G. Girardin, Niels Thorsgaard, Shaji Sebastian, Y. Bailey, Riina Salupere, Jesús Martínez-Cadilla, Dana Duricova, Konstantinos H. Katsanos, Adrian Goldis, Dimitrios K. Christodoulou, Fernando Magro, Amalia Carmona, K R Nielsen, Katrine Carlsen, Pia Munkholm, Johan Burisch, and Jonas Halfvarson

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Time Factors, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Inflammatory bowel disease, Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use, Severity of Illness Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Smoking/adverse effects, Medicine, Young adult, Vitamin D, Child, Aged, 80 and over, Smoking, Gastroenterology, Middle Aged, INCEPTION COHORT, Europe, Vitamin D/blood, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MEDLINE, Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use, vitamin D deficiency, Europe/epidemiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Vitamin D Deficiency/blood, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, Vitamin D and neurology, Humans, Aged, Hepatology, business.industry, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis, medicine.disease, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Vitamin D Deficiency, digestive system diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Quality of Life, business, Biomarkers, Biomarkers/blood
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Serum vitamin D level is commonly low in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although there is a growing body of evidence that links low vitamin D level to certain aspects of IBD such as disease activity and quality of life, data on its prevalence and how it varies across disease phenotype, smoking status and treatment groups are still missing.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with IBD between 2010 and 2011 were recruited. Demographic data and serum vitamin D levels were collected. Variance of vitamin D level was then assessed across different treatment groups, disease phenotype, disease activity and quality of life scores.RESULTS: A total of 238 (55.9% male) patients were included. Overall, 79% of the patients had either insufficient or deficient levels of vitamin D at diagnosis. Patients needing corticosteroid treatment at 1 year had significantly lower vitamin D levels at diagnosis (median 36.0 nmol/l) (P=0.035). Harvey-Bradshaw Index (P=0.0001) and Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index scores (P=0.0001) were significantly lower in patients with higher vitamin D level. Serum vitamin D level correlated significantly with SIBQ score (P=0.0001) and with multiple components of SF12. Smokers at diagnosis had the lowest vitamin D levels (vitamin D: 34 nmol/l; P=0.053).CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the high prevalence of low vitamin D levels in treatment-naive European IBD populations. Furthermore, it demonstrates the presence of low vitamin D levels in patients with IBD who smoke.

Published
2018
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21. Crime Fiction

Author

Frankie Y. Bailey

Abstract

The commonly accepted definition of crime fiction is a work in which crime is central to the plot. The roots of crime fiction are traceable to the earliest human narratives, including the Greek and Roman myths and the biblical tale of Cain and Abel. Sensational accounts of real-life crimes and criminals in gallows confessions, broadsides, and pamphlets also contributed to the development of crime fiction. Historically, crime fiction has evolved parallel to political and criminal justice systems. Many authors have explored the nature of crime and punishment in literary works. For example, Susan Glaspell, playwright, novelist, and actress, was inspired by a real-life murder trial she covered as a journalist. In her 1916 play, “Trifles” and in a 1917 short story, “A Jury of Her Peers,” Glaspell offered a feminist critique of gender relations in a domestic setting. However, as a genre, crime fiction has “literary formulas” that distinguish these works from other genres such as romance and adventure. Within the genre, subgenres such as traditional/classic, PI, and police procedural novels have plots, characters, and settings that are recognizable to readers. As a genre, crime fiction has both provided source material for theater, radio, films, television and, now, social media, and, been influenced by these media. One of the enduring questions about crime fiction is why readers enjoy sitting down with a book that is often about murder, sometimes graphically depicted. Critic and writer Edmund Wilson described detective fiction as an addiction to which readers succumb. However, he saw reading mysteries as a minor vice that “ranks somewhere between crossword puzzles and smoking.” He heard claims by readers about “well-written mysteries” as “like the reasons that the alcoholic can always produce for a drink”. When academics attempt to understand and interpret the texts of crime fiction, they draw on a variety of theoretical perspectives (see discussion under Research). In recent decades, mystery reviewers, writers, and readers have used social media, particularly websites and blogs, to share their own perspectives. One question of interest is the influence such non-academic discussion of crime fiction has on the perceptions of readers and on writers engaged in the process of creation. Currently, both publishers and authors are dealing with the challenges and opportunities of a changing marketplace. Self-publishing (now known as “independent publishing”) has allowed writers to by-pass traditional publishing. At the same time, the lack of diversity in the publishing industry has drawn increasing scrutiny.

Published
2017
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22. N11 Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A single-centre experience

Author

Anthony O'Connor, Barbara Ryan, Y. Bailey, D McNamara, Niall Breslin, and C Hanna

Subjects
Crohn's disease, Pregnancy, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Gastroenterology, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Ulcerative colitis, Inflammatory bowel disease, Immune tolerance, Premature birth, Internal medicine, Medicine, business, Live birth, Breast feeding
Abstract

Background This study aimed to examine the current management and outcomes in pregnancy in our cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Methods Following ethical approval patients with at least one pregnancy with known Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative Colitis (UC) were identified. Using a self-assessment questionnaire basic demographic, clinical data and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. Results Eighty-five patients were recruited between January and October 2019; 38 CD, 26 UC and 1 Indeterminate (ID). The mean age was 28.6 years (range 14–46 years) at diagnosis. In total there were 199 pregnancies: 168 live births, 2 stillbirths (1%); lower than the national rate of 3.0 per 1000 and 29 miscarriages (14.5%) compared with national rates of 1 in 5. The majority attended routine combined GP and maternity services, only 17 (20%) attended a specific high-risk maternity clinic. Biologic usage was similar pre and during pregnancy; 16 (22%), 11 (16%) with a slight increase post pregnancy 19 (30%). Overall 26% continued to smoke and 7% drank alcohol during their pregnancy. The total of reported flares were less frequent during pregnancy 45% (n = 35) vs. pre-partum 61% (n = 47) and post-partum 79% (n = 61), p = 0.021. In all there were 138 vaginal deliveries and 32 (19%) caesarean sections (CS). CS rates did not differ by disease type, UC 9/26 & CD 26/58, p = 0.4 There were 12 (7%) preterm deliveries 3 of which had low birth weights. 2 congenital abnormalities 1 % (cleft palate and spina bifida) lower that the national rate of 2–3% of live births and 14–24% of stillbirths, were recorded. Breast feeding rates were reported at 34% (n = 28), significantly lower than the national average rate of 46.3%. 81% of patients reported having had a recent smear test and 18% reported an abnormal smear. Seventy per cent of patients who reported having an abnormal smear were on immunosuppressant therapy. Conclusion The results from our ongoing study have found less disease activity during pregnancy possibly associated with continued use of biological therapy. However, there were higher rate of flares reported post-partum possibly related loss to immune tolerance developed during pregnancy, or lifestyle and environmental factors. Despite not attending a specific IBD pregnancy service outcomes in our cohort were good with lower than National average rates of miscarriage, stillbirths and congenital abnormalities. Worryingly rates of over a quarter of patients continued to smoke during pregnancy and only a third of patients breastfed; factors which could be targets for future education. High rate of abnormal smear tests, low rate of HPV vaccination warrants further research.

Published
2020
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23. Protection Benefits Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) Abundance: The Influence of Three Management Strategies on a Threatened Species

Author

Tracy Y. Bailey, Julie L. Yee, Lisa M. Lyren, and Kristin H. Berry

Subjects
Tortoise, business.industry, Ecology, Vegetation, Biology, Predation, Habitat, Abundance (ecology), Threatened species, Animal Science and Zoology, Livestock, business, Protected area, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

We surveyed an area of ∼260 km2 in the western Mojave Desert to evaluate relationships between condition of Agassiz's Desert Tortoise populations (Gopherus agassizii) and habitat on lands that have experienced three different levels of management and protection. We established 240 1-ha plots using random sampling, with 80 plots on each of the three types of managed lands. We conducted surveys in spring 2011 and collected data on live tortoises, shell-skeletal remains, other signs of tortoises, perennial vegetation, predators, and evidence of human use. Throughout the study area and regardless of management area, tortoise abundance was positively associated with one of the more diverse associations of perennial vegetation. The management area with the longest history of protection, a fence, and legal exclusion of livestock and vehicles had significantly more live tortoises and lower death rates than the other two areas. Tortoise presence and abundance in this protected area had no significant pos...

Published
2014
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24. Environmental factors in a population-based inception cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients in Europe — An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Niels Thorsgaard, Vibeke Andersen, Adrian Goldis, Pia Munkholm, I. Kaimakliotis, Riina Salupere, Niels C Pedersen, Sven Almer, Shmuel Odes, L. Barros, Søren Avnstrøm, Nikša Turk, Ebbe Langholz, Fernando Magro, Limas Kupčinskas, K.H. Katsanos, E.V. Tsianos, Dana Duricova, Svetlana Turcan, G. Ragnarsson, Daniela Lazăr, G. Girardin, K R Nielsen, Pekka Collin, Vicent Hernandez, Yaroslava Zhulina, Johan Burisch, Pia Manninen, Naila Arebi, K. Ladefoged, Martin Bortlik, Jonas Halfvarson, David Martínez-Ares, Jens Frederik Dahlerup, Peter L. Lakatos, J. Olsen, Silvija Čuković-Čavka, Colm O'Morain, Ida Vind, Jens Kjeldsen, Olga Shonová, Einar Bjornsson, Gediminas Kiudelis, H. H. Tsai, Doron Schwartz, M. Giannotta, Inna Nikulina, Elena Belousova, Susanne Krabbe, Laszlo Lakatos, Shaji Sebastian, and Y. Bailey

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, Male, Whooping Cough, Population-based, Severity of Illness Index, Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn Disease, Dietary Sucrose, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Inception cohort, Medicine, Prospective Studies, skin and connective tissue diseases, Aged, 80 and over, Crohn's disease, Incidence (epidemiology), Vaccination, Gastroenterology, General Medicine, Middle Aged, INCEPTION COHORT, Europe, Hospitalization, Western europe, Pediatric Infectious Disease, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Population based, Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), environmental factors, population-based inception cohort, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Environmental factors, Appendectomy, Humans, Mumps, book, Aged, business.industry, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Surgery, Fast Foods, book.journal, Colitis, Ulcerative, sense organs, business, Measles
Abstract

Background and Aims: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Eastern Europe possibly due to changes in environmental factors towards a more "westernised" standard of living. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in exposure to environmental factors prior to diagnosis in Eastern and Western European IBD patients. Methods: The EpiCom cohort is a population-based, prospective inception cohort of 1560 unselected IBD patients from 31 European countries covering a background population of 10.1. million. At the time of diagnosis patients were asked to complete an 87-item questionnaire concerning environmental factors. Results: A total of 1182 patients (76%) answered the questionnaire, 444 (38%) had Crohn's disease (CD), 627 (53%) ulcerative colitis (UC), and 111 (9%) IBD unclassified. No geographic differences regarding smoking status, caffeine intake, use of oral contraceptives, or number of first-degree relatives with IBD were found. Sugar intake was higher in CD and UC patients from Eastern Europe than in Western Europe while fibre intake was lower (p.

Published
2014
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25. Crimes of the Centuries : 3 Volumes [3 Volumes]

Author

Steven Chermak Ph.D, Frankie Y. Bailey, Steven Chermak Ph.D, and Frankie Y. Bailey

Subjects
Crime--United States--Case studies, Criminals--United States--Case studies, Trials--United States
Abstract

This multivolume resource is the most extensive reference of its kind, offering a comprehensive summary of the misdeeds, perpetrators, and victims involved in the most memorable crime events in American history.This unique reference features the most famous crimes and trials in the United States since colonial times. Three comprehensive volumes focus on the most notorious and historically significant crimes that have influenced America's justice system, including the life and wrongdoing of Lizzie Borden, the bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, the killing spree and execution of Ted Bundy, and the Columbine High School shootings.Organized by case, the work includes a chronology of major unlawful deeds, fascinating primary source documents, dozens of sidebars with case trivia and little-known facts, and an overview of crimes that have shaped criminal justice in the United States over several centuries. Each of the 500 entries provides information about the crime, the perpetrators, and those affected by the misconduct, along with a short bibliography to extend learning opportunities. The set addresses a breadth of famous trials across American history, including the Salem witch trials, the conviction of Sacco and Vanzetti, and the prosecution of O. J. Simpson.

Published
2016

26. Suicide Ideation in Jamaican Youth: Sociodemographic Prevalence, Protective and Risk Factors

Author

CA Sewell, W. D. Abell, K Fox, Y Bailey-Davidson, and JS Martin

Subjects
Male, Rural Population, Jamaica, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, education, Poison control, Logistic regression, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, Suicidal Ideation, Risk-Taking, Sex Factors, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Injury prevention, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Parent-Child Relations, Child, Psychiatry, Suicidal ideation, Depression, business.industry, Bullying, Human factors and ergonomics, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Self Concept, Aggression, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and examine the association between suicidal ideation and sociodemographic characteristics, protective and risk factors among Jamaican youth. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, an interviewer administered school-based survey was conducted among 2997 students 10-15 years old in Jamaica. Although there were a number of questions on suicide, this paper focusses on one question "During the past year did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?" as the measure of suicidal ideation. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation was 9.7%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that significant correlates of suicidal ideation were being female (odds ratio = 1.49), being depressed (odds ratio = 5.78), living in a rural area (odds ratio = 0.62), likes oneself (odds ratio = 0.58), indulging in aggressive behaviour (odds ratio = 1.43), has considered harming others (odds ratio = 3.11), protective factors in the home (odds ratio = 0.62), involvement in risky behaviour (odds ratio = 1.56) and being teased/bullied (odds ratio = 1.69). CONCLUSION: These findings have implication for prevention and treatment of suicidal behaviour in children and adolescents. Language: en

Published
2012
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27. Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents in Jamaica

Author

JS Martin, Wendel D. Abel, R C Gibson, S James, Y Bailey-Davidson, K Fox, and CA Sewell

Subjects
Male, Jamaica, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, MEDLINE, Depressive symptomatology, Survey methodology, Sex Factors, Residence Characteristics, Sex factors, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Child, Depression (differential diagnoses), Depressive symptoms, Depression, business.industry, General Medicine, Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Family Relations, Self Report, business, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Background Depression in adolescents is often overlooked and misdiagnosed; however it is an important mental health problem which is associated with major functional impairments across daily domains of living, and considerable morbidity. The aim of this research is to examine the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms among Jamaican adolescents, and the associated sociodemographic factors. Subjects and method This cross-sectional study included 3003 students between 10 and 15 years old in Jamaica. Survey methodology was used in the collection of the data. Results Of the sample of students, 47% were males. One hundred and thirty-four (4.5%) reported having depressive symptoms. The factors significantly associated with depressive symptoms were negative community attributes (B = 1.1; p = 0.001), protective factors within the home (B = 0.72; p = 0.000), gender (B = 1.92; p = 0.000), and learning problems (B = 3.1; p = 0.000). Conclusion Results indicate rates of depressive symptomatology reported among adolescents in Jamaica are consistent with rates reported in the literature.

Published
2012
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28. E-health empowers patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomised controlled trial of the web-guided ‘Constant-care’ approach

Author

Hanne Scherfig, Ebbe Langholz, Mary Shuhaibar, Pia Munkholm, Søren Avnstrøm, Elsebeth Lynge, Johan Burisch, Birgit Laugesen, Colm O'Morain, Margarita Elkjaer, and Y. Bailey

Subjects
Adult, Male, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Adolescent, Denmark, Self Administration, Inflammatory bowel disease, law.invention, World Wide Web, Feces, Young Adult, Patient Education as Topic, Quality of life, Randomized controlled trial, law, Health care, medicine, Humans, Outpatient clinic, Mesalamine, Adverse effect, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, Internet, business.industry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Gastroenterology, Health Care Costs, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Ulcerative colitis, Telemedicine, Treatment Outcome, Quality of Life, Feasibility Studies, Patient Compliance, Colitis, Ulcerative, Female, business, Ireland, Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex
Abstract

Background The natural history of ulcerative colitis requires continuous monitoring of medical treatment via frequent outpatient visits. The European health authorities9 focus on e-health is increasing. Lack of easy access to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) clinics, patients9 education and understanding of the importance of early treatment at relapse is leading to poor compliance. To overcome these limitations a randomised control trial ‘Constant-care’ was undertaken in Denmark and Ireland. Methods 333 patients with mild/moderate ulcerative colitis and 5-aminosalicylate acid treatment were randomised to either a web-group receiving disease specific education and self-treatment via http://www.constant-care.dk or a control group continuing the usual care for 12 months. A historical control group was included to test the comparability with the control group. We investigated: feasibility of the approach, its influence on patients9 compliance, knowledge, quality of life (QoL), disease outcomes, safety and health care costs. Results 88% of the web patients preferred using the new approach. Adherence to 4 weeks of acute treatment was increased by 31% in Denmark and 44% in Ireland compared to the control groups. In Denmark IBD knowledge and QoL were significantly improved in web patients. Median relapse duration was 18 days (95% CI 10 to 21) in the web versus 77 days (95% CI 46 to 108) in the control group. The number of acute and routine visits to the outpatient clinic was lower in the web than in the control group, resulting in a saving of 189 euro/patient/year. No difference in the relapse frequency, hospitalisation, surgery or adverse events was observed. The historical control group was comparable with the control group. Conclusion The new web-guided approach on http://www.constant-care.dk is feasible, safe and cost effective. It empowers patients with ulcerative colitis without increasing their morbidity and depression. It has yet to be shown whether this strategy can change the natural disease course of ulcerative colitis in the long term.

Published
2010
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29. Lived experiences of Jamaican hospital patients with delayed wound healing

Author

E Y Bailey, Jascinth L.M. Lindo, E M Duff, and Christopher F. Ekpo

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Evidence-based practice, business.industry, Lived experience, Psychological intervention, Nonprobability sampling, Wound care, Nursing, Informed consent, Family medicine, Health care, Medicine, Social isolation, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Introduction: Many individuals suffer from chronic or complex wounds that can be very difficult to heal and cause severe pain and hardship. In the absence of any evidence based local information on the topic, this study explored the lived experiences of Jamaican hospital patients with delayed wound healing using physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, developmental and spiritual perspectives. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study design with a purposive sampling method was used to select five patients, two males and three females (aged 33 years old to 56 years old) from a regional hospital in western Jamaica, who were recruited into the study. They each had a single chronic ulcer on an extremity. Following ethical approval and informed consent, individual interviews were conducted and thematic analyses were done on the data. Results: Diabetes mellitus and infection were the etiologic factors in their delayed wound healing. All of the participants experienced social isolation, low self-esteem, “frustration”, job loss/loss of man hours, financial dependence and impaired physical mobility. They desired improved communication with healthcare personnel, more supportive and caring attitudes from family and caregivers; as well as enhanced learning experiences to acquire the self-care skills needed for all aspects of diabetes control and wound care. Conclusions: The patients’ lived experiences and stated needs should be noted by all caring health professionals. Future interventions and care plans should address all the perspectives experienced and described by these patients.

Published
2015
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31. The Red Queen Dies : A Mystery

Author

Frankie Y. Bailey and Frankie Y. Bailey

Subjects
Mystery fiction, Fantasy fiction, African Americans--Fiction
Abstract

Frankie Bailey introduces readers to a fabulous new protagonist and an Alice in Wonderland-infused crime in this stunning mystery, which kicks off an exciting new series set in the near future.The year is 2019, and a drug used to treat soldiers for post-traumatic stress disorder, nicknamed'Lullaby,'has hit the streets. Swallowing a little pill erases traumatic memories, but what happens to a criminal trial when the star witness takes a pill and can't remember the crime? When two women are murdered in quick succession, biracial police detective Hannah McCabe is charged with solving the case. In spite of the advanced technology, including a city-wide surveillance program, a third woman is soon killed, and the police begin to suspect that a serial killer is on the loose. But the third victim, a Broadway actress known as'The Red Queen,'doesn't fit the pattern set by the first two murders. With the late September heat sizzling, Detective Hannah McCabe and her colleagues on the police force have to race to find the killer in a tangled web of clues that involve Alice in Wonderland, The Wizard of Oz, and Abraham Lincoln's assassination. Fast-paced and original, this is a one-of-a-kind mystery from an extremely talented crime writer.

Published
2013

32. P691. Frequency of anaemia and anaemia subtypes in east-west European inception cohort: an ECCO-EpiCom cohort study

Author

Bjørn Moum, I. Kaimakliotis, Svetlana Turcan, Vicent Hernandez, K. Kofod Vinding, Naila Arebi, U. Gerdes, Adrian Goldis, Sven Almer, Ebbe Langholz, Pia S. Munkholm, D. Duricova, Limas Kupčinskas, Vibeke Andersen, Shmuel Odes, Niels C Pedersen, Péter Lakatos, Johan Burisch, Renata D'Incà, Jens Frederik Dahlerup, Olga Shonová, Pia Manninen, K.H. Katsanos, Elena Belousova, Riina Salupere, Jonas Halfvarson, Fernando Magro, K R Nielsen, Shaji Sebastian, S. Cukovic-Cavka, Y. Bailey, K. Ladefoged, and Marte Lie Høivik

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, East west, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Gastroenterology, medicine, General Medicine, business, INCEPTION COHORT, Cohort study
Abstract

Frequency of anaemia and anaemia subtypes in east-west European inception cohort : an ECCO-EpiCom cohort study

Published
2016
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34. Costs and Resource Utilization for Diagnosis and Treatment During the Initial Year in a European Inflammatory Bowel Disease Inception Cohort:An ECCO-EpiCom Study

Author

Jens Kjeldsen, Ebbe Langholz, Svetlana Turcan, Sven Almer, Shaji Sebastian, Y. Bailey, Jónger Olsen, Doron Schwartz, Niels Thorsgaard, Selwyn Odes, Daniela Lazăr, Riina Salupere, Susanne Krabbe, Michael Friger, Juan R. Pineda, Adrian Goldis, Konstantinnos H. Katsanos, Her-Hsin Tsai, Vibeke Andersen, Søren Avnstrøm, Hillel Vardi, L. Barros, Laimas Virginijus Jonaitis, I. Kaimakliotis, Angelo De Padova, Limas Kupčinskas, S. Cukovic-Cavka, Dan Greenberg, Jens Frederik Dahlerup, Colm A. OʼMorain, Dana Duricova, Peter L. Lakatos, Epameinondas V. Tsianos, Inna Nikulina, Laszlo Lakatos, Pekka Collin, Alberto Fernandez, Fernando Magro, K. Ladefoged, K R Nielsen, Natalia Pedersen, Johan Burisch, Pia Manninen, Jonas Halfvarson, Marko Brinar, Guido Lupinacci, Pia Munkholm, Elena Belousova, Martin Bortlik, Ida Vind, and Olga Shonová

Subjects
Male, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Population, Inflammatory bowel disease, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, education, Economics of IBD therapies, Aged, Health Resources/statistics & numerical data, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Crohn's disease, business.industry, Standard treatment, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis, Health Care Costs, Middle Aged, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Ulcerative colitis, Eastern european, Europe, Outcomes research, Cohort, Health Resources, Female, business, Health Care Costs/trends, Cohort study, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

BACKGROUND: No direct comparison of health care cost in patients with inflammatory bowel disease across the European continent exists. The aim of this study was to assess the costs of investigations and treatment for diagnostics and during the first year after diagnosis in Europe.METHODS: The EpiCom cohort is a prospective population-based inception cohort of unselected inflammatory bowel disease patients from 31 Western and Eastern European centers. Patients were followed every third month from diagnosis, and clinical data regarding treatment and investigations were collected. Costs were calculated in euros (€) using the Danish Health Costs Register.RESULTS: One thousand three hundred sixty-seven patients were followed, 710 with ulcerative colitis, 509 with Crohn's disease, and 148 with inflammatory bowel disease unclassified. Total expenditure for the cohort was €5,408,174 (investigations: €2,042,990 [38%], surgery: €1,427,648 [26%], biologicals: €781,089 [14%], and standard treatment: €1,156,520 [22%)]). Mean crude expenditure per patient in Western Europe (Eastern Europe) with Crohn's disease: investigations €1803 (€2160) (P = 0.44), surgery €11,489 (€13,973) (P = 0.14), standard treatment €1027 (€824) (P = 0.51), and biologicals €7376 (€8307) (P = 0.31). Mean crude expenditure per patient in Western Europe (Eastern Europe) with ulcerative colitis: investigations €1189 ( €1518) (P < 0.01), surgery €18,414 ( €12,395) (P = 0.18), standard treatment €896 ( €798) (P < 0.05), and biologicals €5681 ( €72) (P = 0.51).CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based unselected cohort, costs during the first year of disease were mainly incurred by investigative procedures and surgeries. However, biologicals accounted for >15% of costs. Long-term follow-up of the cohort is needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of biological agents.

Published
2015
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35. The Use of Papaya on Pressure Ulcers

Author

Hermi H. Hewitt, Sheryll Lopez, Omkar Parshad, Steve Weaver, Laurel Talabere, Yvonne Wint, and E Y Bailey

Subjects
Text mining, business.industry, Medicine, General Medicine, business, General Nursing, Biotechnology
Published
2002
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36. Health-related quality of life improves during one year of medical and surgical treatment in a European population-based inception cohort of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease - An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

L. Barros, Yaroslava Zhulina, Svetlana Turcan, L Sanroman, D. Valpiani, T Diggory, Pekka Collin, Ebbe Langholz, Niels Thorsgaard, Naila Arebi, Adrian Goldis, Martin Bortlik, John Olsen, Petra Weimers, Pia Munkholm, Elena Belousova, Ida Vind, Sven Almer, Natalia Pedersen, Jens Kjeldsen, Selwyn Odes, Alberto Fernandez, Johan Burisch, Pia Manninen, Søren Avnstrøm, Olga Shonová, Inna Nikulina, Einar Bjornsson, K. Ladefoged, Laszlo Lakatos, Jonas Halfvarson, Vibeke Andersen, Silvija Čuković-Čavka, Shaji Sebastian, Doron Schwartz, Y. Bailey, Riina Salupere, Daniela Lazăr, Laimas Virginijus Jonaitis, Jens Frederik Dahlerup, Peter L. Lakatos, Colm O'Morain, Fernando Magro, Boris Vucelić, Dana Duricova, K R Nielsen, Konstantinnos H. Katsanos, Limas Kupčinskas, I. Kaimakliotis, Epameinondas V. Tsianos, MC Boni, G. Ragnarsson, and Sussane Krabbe

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Population, Gastroenterology, Inflammatory bowel disease, Young Adult, Quality of life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Inception cohort, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Disease course, education, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Crohn's disease, business.industry, Disease Management, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Ulcerative colitis, Europe, Eastern european, Population Surveillance, Quality of Life, Female, Morbidity, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is impaired in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The aim was prospectively to assess and validate the pattern of HRQoL in an unselected, population-based inception cohort of IBD patients from Eastern and Western Europe.METHODS: The EpiCom inception cohort consists of 1560 IBD patients from 31 European centres covering a background population of approximately 10.1million. Patients answered the disease specific Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and generic Short Form 12 (SF-12) questionnaire at diagnosis and after one year of follow-up.RESULTS: In total, 1079 patients were included in this study. Crohn's disease (CD) patients mean SIBDQ scores improved from 45.3 to 55.3 in Eastern Europe and from 44.9 to 53.6 in Western Europe. SIBDQ scores for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients improved from 44.9 to 57.4 and from 48.8 to 55.7, respectively. UC patients needing surgery or biologicals had lower SIBDQ scores before and after compared to the rest, while biological therapy improved SIBDQ scores in CD. CD and UC patients in both regions improved all SF-12 scores. Only Eastern European UC patients achieved SF-12 summary scores equal to or above the normal population.CONCLUSION: Medical and surgical treatment improved HRQoL during the first year of disease. The majority of IBD patients in both Eastern and Western Europe reported a positive perception of disease-specific but not generic HRQoL. Biological therapy improved HRQoL in CD patients, while UC patients in need of surgery or biological therapy experienced lower perceptions of HRQoL than the rest.

Published
2014
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37. Health care and patients' education in a European inflammatory bowel disease inception cohort:An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Jens Frederik Dahlerup, Peter L. Lakatos, Colm O'Morain, K. Ladefoged, Pia Munkholm, Martin Bortlik, Dana Duricova, K.H. Katsanos, Johan Burisch, Pia Manninen, G. Ragnarsson, Yaroslava Zhulina, Ebbe Langholz, Svetlana Turcan, Olga Shonová, Susanne Krabbe, Einar Bjornsson, Niels C Pedersen, P. Politi, A. Santini, Y. Houston, Vibeke Andersen, Doron Schwartz, Limas Kupčinskas, D. Martinez-Ares, Jonas Halfvarson, Inna Nikulina, Shmuel Odes, Gediminas Kiudelis, Silvija Čuković-Čavka, Shaji Sebastian, Z. Vegh, Y. Bailey, Naila Arebi, L. Sanromán, Sven Almer, Nikša Turk, Elena Belousova, E.V. Tsianos, Pekka Collin, Daniela Lazăr, Niels Thorsgaard, Adrian Goldis, Riina Salupere, L. Barros, Fernando Magro, J. Olsen, I. Kaimakliotis, Jens Kjeldsen, and K R Nielsen

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, Population, Alternative medicine, Population based, Population-based, Inflammatory bowel disease, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Patient Education as Topic, Internal medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health care, Inception cohort, medicine, Humans, Europe, Eastern, education, Aged, Quality of Health Care, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, INCEPTION COHORT, Eastern european, Europe, Patient Satisfaction, Family medicine, Quality of health care, Female, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The EpiCom study and inception cohort was initiated in 2010 in 31 centers from 14 Western and 8 Eastern European countries, covering a 10.1million person background population. Our aim was to investigate whether there is a difference between Eastern and Western Europe in health care and education of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).METHODS: A quality of care (QoC) questionnaire was developed in the EpiCom group consisting of 16 questions covering 5 items: time interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, information, education, empathy and access to health care providers.RESULTS: Of 1,515 patients, 947 (217 east/730 west) answered the QoC questionnaire. Only 23% of all patients had knowledge about IBD before diagnosis. In Eastern Europe, significantly more patients searched out information about IBD themselves (77% vs. 68%, pCONCLUSION: Health care differed significantly between Eastern and Western Europe in all items, but satisfaction rates were high in both geographic regions. Because of the low awareness and the rising incidence of IBD, general information should be the focus of patient organizations and medical societies. In Western Europe IBD nurses play a very important role in reducing the burden of patient management.

Published
2014
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38. East-West gradient in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Europe:The ECCO-EpiCom inception cohort

Author

I Mihu, Konstantinos Katsanos, K. Ladefoged, I. Kaimakliotis, J. Olsen, Vibeke Andersen, D. Martinez-Ares, Naila Arebi, Ebbe Langholz, Johan Burisch, A. De Padova, L. Barros, Svetlana Turcan, Daniela Lazăr, E.V. Tsianos, Yaroslava Zhulina, Jonas Halfvarson, Veronica Moset Hernandez, O Tighineanu, Shaji Sebastian, Niels Thorsgaard, Ida Vind, Y. Bailey, Silvija Čuković-Čavka, Jens Frederik Dahlerup, Peter L. Lakatos, Adrian Goldis, Olga Shonová, Gediminas Kiudelis, K R Nielsen, Dana Duricova, Niels C Pedersen, Riina Salupere, Matteo Martinato, Pekka Collin, Pia Munkholm, Pekka Manninen, Søren Avnstrøm, Monica Milla, Shmuel Odes, Fernando Magro, Guido Lupinacci, Einar Björnsson, Inna Nikulina, M Beltrami, G. Ragnarsson, Marko Brinar, Laszlo Lakatos, Sven Almer, Doron Schwartz, Simon Laiggard Krabbe, Limas Kupčinskas, Elena Belousova, and Renata D'Incà

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Colorectal cancer, Inflammatory bowel disease, Young Adult, Crohn Disease, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), inception cohort, East-West gradient, medicine, Humans, Europe, Eastern, Prospective Studies, skin and connective tissue diseases, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Crohn's disease, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Gastroenterology, Colonoscopy, Middle Aged, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, medicine.disease, INCEPTION COHORT, Ulcerative colitis, digestive system diseases, Surgery, Endoscopy, Europe, Colitis, Ulcerative, Female, sense organs, business
Abstract

Objective: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Eastern Europe. The reasons for these changes remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an East-West gradient in the incidence of IBD in Europe exists. Design: A prospective, uniformly diagnosed, population based inception cohort of IBD patients in 31 centres from 14 Western and eight Eastern European countries covering a total background population of approximately 10.1 million people was created. One-third of the centres had previous experience with inception cohorts. Patients were entered into a low cost, web based epidemiological database, making participation possible regardless of socioeconomic status and prior experience. Results: 1515 patients aged 15 years or older were included, of whom 535 (35%) were diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD), 813 (54%) with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 167 (11%) with IBD unclassified (IBDU). The overall incidence rate ratios in all Western European centres were 1.9 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.4) for CD and 2.1 (95% CI 1.8 to 2.6) for UC compared with Eastern European centres. The median crude annual incidence rates per 100 000 in 2010 for CD were 6.5 (range 0-10.7) in Western European centres and 3.1 (range 0.4-11.5) in Eastern European centres, for UC 10.8 (range 2.9-31.5) and 4.1 (range 2.4-10.3), respectively, and for IBDU 1.9 (range 0-39.4) and 0 (range 0-1.2), respectively. In Western Europe, 92% of CD, 78% of UC and 74% of IBDU patients had a colonoscopy performed as the diagnostic procedure compared with 90%, 100% and 96%, respectively, in Eastern Europe. 8% of CD and 1% of UC patients in both regions underwent surgery within the first 3 months of the onset of disease. 7% of CD patients and 3% of UC patients from Western Europe received biological treatment as rescue therapy. Of all European CD patients, 20% received only 5-aminosalicylates as induction therapy. Conclusions: An East-West gradient in IBD incidence exists in Europe. Among this inception cohort-including indolent and aggressive cases-international guidelines for diagnosis and initial treatment are not being followed uniformly by physicians.

Published
2014
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39. Initial Disease Course and Treatment in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Inception Cohort in Europe : The ECCO-EpiCom Cohort

Author

Doron Schwartz, Yaroslava Zhulina, Svetlana Turcan, Konstantinnos H. Katsanos, Matteo Martinato, Pekka Collin, Jóngerd Olsen, Vicent Hernandez, I. Kaimakliotis, Niels Thorsgaard, Alberto Fernandez, Ida Vind, Olga Shonová, Vibeke Andersen, Ebbe Langholz, Jens Kjeldsen, Adrian Goldis, Nikša Turk, Epameinondas V. Tsianos, L. Barros, Selwyn Odes, Limas Kupčinskas, Inna Nikulina, Elena Belousova, Riina Salupere, Fernando Magro, Laimas Virginijus Jonaitis, Dana Duricova, Laszlo Lakatos, Susanne Krabbe, Sven Almer, K. Ladefoged, Frederik Dahlerup Jens, Natalia Pedersen, Daniela Lazăr, Peter L. Lakatos, Colm O'Morain, Pia Munkholm, K R Nielsen, Johan Burisch, Pia Manninen, Søren Avnstrøm, S. Cukovic-Cavka, Jonas Halfvarson, Silvia Lombardini, Her Hsin Tsai, Shaji Sebastian, and Y. Bailey

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Databases, Factual, Epidemiology, Population, Gastroenterology, Inflammatory bowel disease, Young Adult, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, education, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Crohn's disease, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Remission Induction, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, epidemiology, outcomes research, ulcerative colitis, Middle Aged, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Combined Modality Therapy, Ulcerative colitis, digestive system diseases, Europe, Outcomes research, Cohort, Disease Progression, Female, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

The EpiCom cohort is a prospective, population-based, inception cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients from 31 European centers covering a background population of 10.1 million. The aim of this study was to assess the 1-year outcome in the EpiCom cohort. Patients were followed-up every third month during the first 12 (±3) months, and clinical data, demographics, disease activity, medical therapy, surgery, cancers, and deaths were collected and entered in a Web-based database (www.epicom- ecco.eu). In total, 1367 patients were included in the 1- year follow-up. In western Europe, 65 Crohn's disease (CD) (16%), 20 ulcerative colitis (UC) (4%), and 4 IBD unclassified (4%) patients underwent surgery, and in eastern Europe, 12 CD (12%) and 2 UC (1%) patients underwent surgery. Eighty-one CD (20%), 80 UC (14%), and 13 (9%) IBD unclassified patients were hospitalized in western Europe compared with 17 CD (16%) and 12 UC (8%) patients in eastern Europe. The cumulative probability of receiving immunomodulators was 57% for CD in western (median time to treatment 2 months) and 44% (1 month) in eastern Europe, and 21% (5 months) and 5% (6 months) for biological therapy, respectively. For UC patients, the cumulative probability was 22% (4 months) and 15% (3 months) for immunomodulators and 6% (3 months) and 1% (12 months) for biological therapy, respectively in the western and eastern Europe. In this cohort, immunological therapy was initiated within the first months of disease. Surgery and hospitalization rates did not differ between patients from eastern and western Europe, although more western European patients received biological agents and were comparable to previous population- based inception cohorts.

Published
2014
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40. Callous-unemotional traits, proactive aggression, and treatment outcomes of aggressive children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Author

David M. Margulies, Judith A. Crowell, Jeffrey Sverd, Thomas L. Matthews, Steven R. Pliszka, Brigitte Y. Bailey, W. Burleson Daviss, Colin L. Sauder, Gabrielle A. Carlson, Carmel Foley, Christa Sinha, Vivian Kafantaris, and Joseph C. Blader

Subjects
Conduct Disorder, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Psychopathy, Aggression Scale, Poison control, Comorbidity, Severity of Illness Index, Article, Cohort Studies, Clinical Protocols, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Humans, Psychiatry, Child, Modified Overt Aggression Scale, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Aggression, Antisocial personality disorder, Remission Induction, Antisocial Personality Disorder, medicine.disease, Combined Modality Therapy, Psychiatry and Mental health, Treatment Outcome, Conduct disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Methylphenidate, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Family Therapy, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Objective Stimulant treatment improves impulse control among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Decreased aggression often accompanies stimulant pharmacotherapy, suggesting that impulsiveness is integral to aggressive behavior in these children. However, children with high callous-unemotional (CU) traits and proactive aggression may benefit less from ADHD pharmacotherapy, because their aggressive behavior seems more purposeful and deliberate. This study's objective was to determine whether pretreatment CU traits and proactive aggression affect treatment outcomes among aggressive children with ADHD receiving stimulant monotherapy. Method We implemented a stimulant optimization protocol with 160 children 6 to 13 years of age (mean [SD] age of 9.31 [2.02] years; 78.75% male) with ADHD, oppositional defiant or conduct disorder, and significant aggressive behavior. Family-focused behavioral intervention was provided concurrently. The primary outcome was the Retrospective Modified Overt Aggression Scale. The Antisocial Process Screening Device and the Aggression Scale, also completed by parents, measured CU traits and proactive aggression, respectively. Analyses examined moderating effects of CU traits and proactive aggression on outcomes. Results In all, 82 children (51%) experienced remission of aggressive behavior. Neither CU traits nor proactive aggression predicted remission (CU traits: odds ratio [OR] = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.80–1.11; proactive aggression, OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.86–1.29). Children whose overall aggression remitted showed decreases in CU traits (effect size = −0.379, 95% CI = −0.60 to −0.16) and proactive aggression (effect size = −0.463, 95% CI = −0.69 to −0.23). Conclusions Findings suggest that pretreatment CU traits and proactive aggression do not forecast worse outcomes for aggressive children with ADHD receiving optimized stimulant pharmacotherapy. With such treatment, CU traits and proactive aggression may decline alongside other behavioral improvements. Clinical trial registration information—Medication Strategies for Treating Aggressive Behavior in Youth With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT00228046; and Effectiveness of Combined Medication Treatment for Aggression in Children With Attention Deficit With Hyperactivity Disorder (The SPICY Study); http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT00794625.

Published
2013

41. BOOK REVIEWS

Author

Sue Mahan, Nicole Hahn Rafter, Elizabeth Kandel-Englander, Frankie Y. Bailey, Frances P. Bernat, Karen Collamore Sullivan, Suzanne M. Morin, and Alissa Pollitz Worden

Subjects
Gender Studies, Law
Published
1993
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43. The ATLAS Collaboration

Author

Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abdallah, J. Abdelalim, A.A. Abdesselam, A. Abdinov, O. Abi, B. Abolins, M. Abramowicz, H. Acerbi, E. Acharya, B.S. Adams, D.L. Addy, T.N. Adelman, J. Adorisio, C. Adragna, P. Adye, T. Aefsky, S. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Aharrouche, M. Ahlen, S.P. Ahles, F. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, H. Ahsan, M. Aielli, G. Akdogan, T. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimoto, G. Akimov, A.V. Alam, M.S. Alam, M.A. Albert, J. Albrand, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexander, G. Alexandre, G. Alexopoulos, T. Alhroob, M. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Aliyev, M. Allport, P.P. Allwood-Spiers, S.E. Aloisio, A. Alon, R. Alonso, A. Alviggi, M.G. Amako, K. Amelung, C. Ammosov, V.V. Amorim, A. Amorós, G. Amram, N. Anastopoulos, C. Anders, C.F. Anderson, K.J. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Anduaga, X.S. Angerami, A. Anghinolfi, F. Anjos, N. Antonaki, A. Antonelli, M. Antonelli, S. Antunovic, B. Anulli, F. Arabidze, G. Aracena, I. Arai, Y. Arce, A.T.H. Archambault, J.P. Arfaoui, S. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, T. Arik, M. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnault, C. Artamonov, A. Arutinov, D. Asai, M. Asai, S. Asfandiyarov, R. Ask, S. Åsman, B. Asner, D. Asquith, L. Assamagan, K. Astbury, A. Astvatsatourov, A. Atoian, G. Auerbach, B. Auge, E. Augsten, K. Aurousseau, M. Austin, N. Avolio, G. Avramidou, R. Axen, D. Ay, C. Azuelos, G. Azuma, Y. Baak, M.A. Bacci, C. Bach, A. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Badescu, E. Bagnaia, P. Bai, Y. Bailey, D.C. Bain, T. Baines, J.T. Baker, O.K. Baker, M.D. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, F. Banas, E. Banerjee, P. Banerjee, S. Banfi, D. Bangert, A. Bansal, V. Baranov, S.P. Baranov, S. Barashkou, A. Barber, T. Barberio, E.L. Barberis, D. Barbero, M. Bardin, D.Y. Barillari, T. Barisonzi, M. Barklow, T. Barlow, N. Barnett, B.M. Barnett, R.M. Baroncelli, A. Barr, A.J. Barreiro, F. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J. Barrillon, P. Barros, N. Bartoldus, R. Bartsch, D. Bastos, J. Bates, R.L. Bathe, S. Batley, J.R. Battaglia, A. Battistin, M. Bauer, F. Bazalova, M. Beare, B. Beauchemin, P.H. Beccherle, R. Becerici, N. Bechtle, P. Beck, G.A. Beck, H.P. Beckingham, M. Becks, K.H. Beddall, A.J. Beddall, A. Bednyakov, V.A. Bee, C. Begel, M. Behar Harpaz, S. Behera, P.K. Beimforde, M. Belanger-Champagne, C. Bell, P.J. Bell, W.H. Bella, G. Bellagamba, L. Bellina, F. Bellomo, M. Belloni, A. Belotskiy, K. Beltramello, O. Ben Ami, S. Benary, O. Benchekroun, D. Bendel, M. Benedict, B.H. Benekos, N. Benhammou, Y. Benincasa, G.P. Benjamin, D.P. Benoit, M. Bensinger, J.R. Benslama, K. Bentvelsen, S. Beretta, M. Berge, D. Bergeaas Kuutmann, E. Berger, N. Berghaus, F. Berglund, E. Beringer, J. Bernardet, K. Bernat, P. Bernhard, R. Bernius, C. Berry, T. Bertin, A. Besson, N. Bethke, S. Bianchi, R.M. Bianco, M. Biebel, O. Biesiada, J. Biglietti, M. Bilokon, H. Binet, S. Bingul, A. Bini, C. Biscarat, C. Bitenc, U. Black, K.M. Blair, R.E. Blanchot, G. Blocker, C. Blondel, A. Blum, W. Blumenschein, U. Bobbink, G.J. Bocci, A. Boek, J. Boelaert, N. Böser, S. Bogaerts, J.A. Bogouch, A. Bohm, C. Bohm, J. Boisvert, V. Bold, T. Boldea, V. Boldyrev, A. Bondarenko, V.G. Bondioli, M. Boonekamp, M. Borisov, A. Borissov, G. Borjanovic, I. Borroni, S. Bos, K. Boscherini, D. Bosman, M. Boterenbrood, H. Bouchami, J. Boudreau, J. Bouhova-Thacker, E.V. Boulahouache, C. Bourdarios, C. Boyd, J. Boyko, I.R. Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I. Bracinik, J. Braem, A. Branchini, P. Brandenburg, G.W. Brandt, A. Brandt, G. Brandt, O. Bratzler, U. Brau, J.E. Braun, H.M. Brelier, B. Bremer, J. Brenner, R. Bressler, S. Breton, D. Britton, D. Brochu, F.M. Brock, I. Brock, R. Brodet, E. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooks, W.K. Brubaker, E. Bruckman de Renstrom, P.A. Bruncko, D. Bruneliere, R. Brunet, S. Bruni, A. Bruni, G. Bruschi, M. Bucci, F. Buchanan, J. Buchholz, P. Buckley, A.G. Budagov, I.A. Budick, B. Büscher, V. Bugge, L. Bulekov, O. Bunse, M. Buran, T. Burckhart, H. Burdin, S. Burgess, T. Burke, S. Busato, E. Bussey, P. Buszello, C.P. Butin, F. Butler, B. Butler, J.M. Buttar, C.M. Butterworth, J.M. Byatt, T. Caballero, J. Cabrera Urbán, S. Caforio, D. Cakir, O. Calafiura, P. Calderini, G. Calfayan, P. Calkins, R. Caloba, L.P. Calvet, D. Camarri, P. Cameron, D. Campana, S. Campanelli, M. Canale, V. Canelli, F. Cantero, J. Capasso, L. Caprini, I. Caprini, M. Capua, M. Caputo, R. Caracinha, D. Caramarcu, C. Cardarelli, R. Carli, T. Carlino, G. Carminati, L. Caron, B. Caron, S. Carrillo Montoya, G.D. Carron Montero, S. Carter, A.A. Carter, J.R. Carvalho, J. Casadei, D. Casado, M.P. Cascella, M. Castaneda Hernadez, A.M. Castaneda-Miranda, E. Castillo Gimenez, V. Castro, N. Cataldi, G. Catinaccio, A. Catmore, J.R. Cattai, A. Cattani, G. Caughron, S. Cauz, D. Cavalleri, P. Cavalli, D. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Cavasinni, V. Ceradini, F. Cerqueira, A.S. Cerri, A. Cerrito, L. Cerutti, F. Cetin, S.A. Cevenini, F. Chafaq, A. Chakraborty, D. Chan, K. Chapman, J.D. Chapman, J.W. Chareyre, E. Charlton, D.G. Chatterjii, S. Cheatham, S. Chekanov, S. Chekulaev, S.V. Chelkov, G.A. Chen, H. Chen, S. Chen, X. Cheplakov, A. Chepurnov, V.F. Cherkaoui El Moursli, R. Tcherniatine, V. Chesneanu, D. Cheu, E. Cheung, S.L. Chevalier, L. Chevallier, F. Chiarella, V. Chiefari, G. Chikovani, L. Childers, J.T. Chilingarov, A. Chiodini, G. Chizhov, M. Chouridou, S. Christidi, I.A. Christov, A. Chromek-Burckhart, D. Chu, M.L. Chudoba, J. Ciapetti, G. Ciftci, A.K. Ciftci, R. Cindro, V. Ciobotaru, M.D. Ciocca, C. Ciocio, A. Cirilli, M. Citterio, M. Clark, A. Cleland, W. Clemens, J.C. Clement, B. Clement, C. Clements, D. Coadou, Y. Cobal, M. Coccaro, A. Cochran, J. Coggeshall, J. Cogneras, E. Cole, B. Colijn, A.P. Collard, C. Collins, N.J. Collins-Tooth, C. Collot, J. Colon, G. Conde Muiño, P. Coniavitis, E. Consonni, M. Constantinescu, S. Conta, C. Conventi, F. Cook, J. Cooke, M. Cooper, B.D. Cooper-Sarkar, A.M. Cooper-Smith, N.J. Copic, K. Cornelissen, T. Corradi, M. Corriveau, F. Corso-Radu, A. Cortes-Gonzalez, A. Cortiana, G. Costa, G. Costa, M.J. Costanzo, D. Costin, T. Côté, D. Coura Torres, R. Courneyea, L. Cowan, G. Cowden, C. Cox, B.E. Cranmer, K. Cranshaw, J. Cristinziani, M. Crosetti, G. Crupi, R. Crépé-Renaudin, S. Cuenca Almenar, C. Cuhadar Donszelmann, T. Curatolo, M. Curtis, C.J. Cwetanski, P. Czyczula, Z. D'Auria, S. D'Onofrio, M. D'Orazio, A. Da Via, C. Dabrowski, W. Dai, T. Dallapiccola, C. Dallison, S.J. Dam, M. Danielsson, H.O. Dannheim, D. Dao, V. Darbo, G. Darlea, G.L. Davey, W. Davidek, T. Davidson, N. Davidson, R. Davison, A.R. Dawson, I. Daya, R.K. De, K. de Asmundis, R. De Castro, S. De Castro Faria Salgado, P.E. De Cecco, S. de Graat, J. De Groot, N. de Jong, P. De La Cruz-Burelo, E. De La Taille, C. De Mora, L. De Oliveira Branco, M. De Pedis, D. De Salvo, A. De Sanctis, U. De Santo, A. De Vivie De Regie, J.B. De Zorzi, G. Dean, S. Deberg, H. Dedovich, D.V. Defay, P.O. Degenhardt, J. Dehchar, M. Del Papa, C. Del Peso, J. Del Prete, T. Dell'Acqua, A. Dell'Asta, L. Della Pietra, M. della Volpe, D. Delmastro, M. Delsart, P.A. Deluca, C. Demers, S. Demichev, M. Demirkoz, B. Deng, W. Denisov, S.P. Derkaoui, J.E. Derue, F. Dervan, P. Desch, K. Deviveiros, P.O. Dewhurst, A. DeWilde, B. Dhaliwal, S. Dhullipudi, R. Di Ciaccio, A. Di Ciaccio, L. Di Domenico, A. Di Girolamo, A. Di Girolamo, B. Di Luise, S. Di Mattia, A. Di Nardo, R. Di Simone, A. Di Sipio, R. Diaz, M.A. Diblen, F. Diehl, E.B. Dietrich, J. Diglio, S. Dindar Yagci, K. Dingfelder, D.J. Dionisi, C. Dita, P. Dita, S. Dittus, F. Djama, F. Djilkibaev, R. Djobava, T. do Vale, M.A.B. Dobos, D. Dobson, E. Dobson, M. Doherty, T. Dolejsi, J. Dolenc, I. Dolezal, Z. Dolgoshein, B.A. Donega, M. Donini, J. Dopke, J. Doria, A. Dos Anjos, A. Dotti, A. Dova, M.T. Doxiadis, A. Doyle, A.T. Dragic, J. Drasal, Z. Dris, M. Dubbert, J. Duchovni, E. Duckeck, G. Dudarev, A. Dudziak, F. Dührssen, M. Duflot, L. Dufour, M.-A. Dunford, M. Duperrin, A. Duran Yildiz, H. Dushkin, A. Duxfield, R. Dwuznik, M. Düren, M. Ebenstein, W.L. Ebke, J. Eckert, S. Eckweiler, S. Edmonds, K. Edwards, C.A. Eerola, P. Egorov, K. Ehrenfeld, W. Ehrich, T. Eifert, T. Eigen, G. Einsweiler, K. Eisenhandler, E. Ekelof, T. El Kacimi, M. Ellert, M. Elles, S. Ellis, K. Ellis, N. Elmsheuser, J. Elsing, M. Ely, R. Emeliyanov, D. Engelmann, R. Engl, A. Epp, B. Eppig, A. Epshteyn, V.S. Ereditato, A. Eriksson, D. Ermoline, I. Ernst, J. Ernst, M. Ernwein, J. Errede, D. Errede, S. Ertel, E. Escalier, M. Escobar, C. Espinal Curull, X. Esposito, B. Etienvre, A.I. Etzion, E. Evans, H. Fabbri, L. Facius, K. Fakhrutdinov, R.M. Falciano, S. Falou, A.C. Fang, Y. Fanti, M. Farbin, A. Farilla, A. Farley, J. Farooque, T. Farrington, S.M. Farthouat, P. Fassnacht, P. Fassouliotis, D. Fatholahzadeh, B. Fayard, L. Fayette, F. Febbraro, R. Federic, P. Fedin, O.L. Fedorko, I. Feligioni, L. Felzmann, C.U. Feng, C. Feng, E.J. Fenyuk, A.B. Ferencei, J. Ferland, J. Fernando, W. Ferrag, S. Ferrando, J. Ferrari, A. Ferrari, P. Ferrari, R. Ferrer, A. Ferrer, M.L. Ferrere, D. Ferretti, C. Fiascaris, M. Fiedler, F. Filipčič, A. Filippas, A. Filthaut, F. Fincke-Keeler, M. Fiolhais, M.C.N. Fiorini, L. Firan, A. Fischer, G. Fisher, M.J. Flechl, M. Fleck, I. Fleckner, J. Fleischmann, P. Fleischmann, S. Flick, T. Flores Castillo, L.R. Flowerdew, M.J. Fonseca Martin, T. Formica, A. Forti, A. Fortin, D. Foster, J.M. Fournier, D. Fowler, A.J. Fowler, K. Fox, H. Francavilla, P. Franchino, S. Francis, D. Franklin, M. Franz, S. Fraternali, M. Fratina, S. Freestone, J. Froeschl, R. Froidevaux, D. Frost, J.A. Fukunaga, C. Fullana Torregrosa, E. Fuster, J. Gabaldon, C. Gabizon, O. Gadfort, T. Gadomski, S. Gagliardi, G. Gagnon, P. Gallas, E.J. Gallas, M.V. Gallop, B.J. Gallus, P. Galyaev, E. Gan, K.K. Gao, Y.S. Gaponenko, A. Garcia-Sciveres, M. García, C. García Navarro, J.E. Gardner, R.W. Garelli, N. Garitaonandia, H. Garonne, V. Gatti, C. Gaudio, G. Gauzzi, P. Gavrilenko, I.L. Gay, C. Gaycken, G. Gazis, E.N. Gee, C.N.P. Geich-Gimbel, Ch. Gellerstedt, K. Gemme, C. Genest, M.H. Gentile, S. Georgatos, F. George, S. Ghazlane, H. Ghodbane, N. Giacobbe, B. Giagu, S. Giakoumopoulou, V. Giangiobbe, V. Gianotti, F. Gibbard, B. Gibson, A. Gibson, S.M. Gilbert, L.M. Gilchriese, M. Gilewsky, V. Gingrich, D.M. Ginzburg, J. Giokaris, N. Giordani, M.P. Giordano, R. Giovannini, P. Giraud, P.F. Girtler, P. Giugni, D. Giusti, P. Gjelsten, B.K. Gladilin, L.K. Glasman, C. Glazov, A. Glitza, K.W. Glonti, G.L. Godfrey, J. Goebel, M. Göpfert, T. Goeringer, C. Gössling, C. Göttfert, T. Goggi, V. Goldfarb, S. Goldin, D. Golling, T. Gollub, N.P. Gomes, A. Gonçalo, R. Gong, C. González de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez Silva, M.L. Gonzalez-Sevilla, S. Goodson, J.J. Goossens, L. Gordon, H. Gorelov, I. Gorfine, G. Gorini, B. Gorini, E. Gorišek, A. Gornicki, E. Gosdzik, B. Gosselink, M. Gostkin, M.I. Gough Eschrich, I. Gouighri, M. Goujdami, D. Goulette, M. Goussiou, A.G. Goy, C. Grabowska-Bold, I. Grafström, P. Grahn, K.-J. Granado Cardoso, L. Grancagnolo, F. Grancagnolo, S. Grassi, V. Gratchev, V. Grau, N. Gray, H.M. Gray, J.A. Graziani, E. Green, B. Greenshaw, T. Greenwood, Z.D. Gregor, I.M. Griesmayer, E. Grigalashvili, N. Grillo, A.A. Grimm, K. Grishkevich, Y.V. Groer, L.S. Grognuz, J. Groh, M. Groll, M. Gross, E. Grosse-Knetter, J. Groth-Jensen, J. Grybel, K. Guicheney, C. Guida, A. Guillemin, T. Gunther, J. Guo, B. Gupta, A. Gusakov, Y. Gutierrez, A. Gutierrez, P. Guttman, N. Gutzwiller, O. Guyot, C. Gwenlan, C. Gwilliam, C.B. Haas, A. Haas, S. Haber, C. Hadavand, H.K. Hadley, D.R. Härtel, R. Hajduk, Z. Hakobyan, H. Haller, J. Hamacher, K. Hamilton, A. Hamilton, S. Han, L. Hanagaki, K. Hance, M. Handel, C. Hanke, P. Hansen, J.R. Hansen, J.B. Hansen, J.D. Hansen, P.H. Hansl-Kozanecka, T. Hansson, P. Hara, K. Hare, G.A. Harenberg, T. Harrington, R.D. Harris, O.M. Harrison, K. Hartert, J. Hartjes, F. Harvey, A. Hasegawa, S. Hasegawa, Y. Hashemi, K. Hassani, S. Haug, S. Hauschild, M. Hauser, R. Havranek, M. Hawkings, R.J. Hayakawa, T. Hayward, H.S. Haywood, S.J. Head, S.J. Hedberg, V. Heelan, L. Heim, S. Heinemann, B. Heisterkamp, S. Heller, M. Hellman, S. Helsens, C. Hemperek, T. Henderson, R.C.W. Henke, M. Henrichs, A. Henriques Correia, A.M. Henrot-Versille, S. Hensel, C. Henß, T. Hershenhorn, A.D. Herten, G. Hertenberger, R. Hervas, L. Hessey, N.P. Higón-Rodriguez, E. Hill, J.C. Hiller, K.H. Hillier, S.J. Hinchliffe, I. Hirose, M. Hirsch, F. Hobbs, J. Hod, N. Hodgkinson, M.C. Hodgson, P. Hoecker, A. Hoeferkamp, M.R. Hoffman, J. Hoffmann, D. Hohlfeld, M. Holy, T. Holzbauer, J.L. Homma, Y. Horazdovsky, T. Hori, T. Horn, C. Horner, S. Horvat, S. Hostachy, J.-Y. Hou, S. Houlden, M.A. Hoummada, A. Howe, T. Hrivnac, J. Hryn'ova, T. Hsu, P.J. Hsu, S.-C. Huang, G.S. Huang, J. Hubacek, Z. Hubaut, F. Huegging, F. Hughes, E.W. Hughes, G. Hurwitz, M. Husemann, U. Huseynov, N. Huston, J. Huth, J. Iacobucci, G. Ibragimov, I. Iconomidou-Fayard, L. Idarraga, J. Iengo, P. Igonkina, O. Ikegami, Y. Ikeno, M. Ilchenko, Y. Iliadis, D. Ince, T. Ioannou, P. Iodice, M. Ishikawa, A. Ishino, M. Ishmukhametov, R. Isobe, T. Issakov, V. Issever, C. Istin, S. Ivashin, A.V. Iwasaki, H. Izen, J.M. Izzo, V. Jackson, J.N. Jackson, P. Jaekel, M. Jahoda, M. Jain, V. Jakobs, K. Jakubek, J. Jana, D. Jansen, E. Jantsch, A. Janus, M. Jared, R.C. Jarlskog, G. Jeanty, L. Jen-La Plante, I. Jenni, P. Jez, P. Jézéquel, S. Ji, W. Jia, J. Jiang, Y. Jin, S. Jinnouchi, O. Joffe, D. Johansen, M. Johansson, K.E. Johansson, P. Johns, K.A. Jon-And, K. Jones, G. Jones, R.W.L. Jones, T.J. Joos, D. Jorge, P.M. Juranek, V. Jussel, P. Kabachenko, V.V. Kaci, M. Kaczmarska, A. Kado, M. Kagan, H. Kagan, M. Kaiser, S. Kajomovitz, E. Kalinovskaya, L.V. Kalinowski, A. Kama, S. Kanaya, N. Kaneda, M. Kantserov, V.A. Kanzaki, J. Kaplan, B. Kapliy, A. Kaplon, J. Karagounis, M. Karagoz Unel, M. Kartvelishvili, V. Karyukhin, A.N. Kashif, L. Kasmi, A. Kass, R.D. Kastoryano, M. Kataoka, M. Kataoka, Y. Katsoufis, E. Katzy, J. Kaushik, V. Kawagoe, K. Kawamoto, T. Kayl, M.S. Kayumov, F. Kazanin, V.A. Kazarinov, M.Y. Kazi, S.I. Keates, J.R. Keeler, R. Keener, P.T. Kehoe, R. Keil, M. Kekelidze, G.D. Kelly, M. Kennedy, J. Kenyon, M. Kepka, O. Kerschen, N. Kerševan, B.P. Kersten, S. Kessoku, K. Khakzad, M. Khalilzade, F. Khandanyan, H. Khanov, A. Kharchenko, D. Khodinov, A. Khomich, A. Khoriauli, G. Khovanskiy, N. Khovanskiy, V. Khramov, E. Khubua, J. Kim, H. Kim, M.S. Kim, P.C. Kim, S.H. Kind, O. Kind, P. King, B.T. Kirk, J. Kirsch, G.P. Kirsch, L.E. Kiryunin, A.E. Kisielewska, D. Kittelmann, T. Kiyamura, H. Kladiva, E. Klein, M. Klein, U. Kleinknecht, K. Klemetti, M. Klier, A. Klimentov, A. Klimkovich, T. Klingenberg, R. Klinkby, E.B. Klioutchnikova, T. Klok, P.F. Klous, S. Kluge, E.-E. Kluge, T. Kluit, P. Klute, M. Kluth, S. Knecht, N.S. Kneringer, E. Ko, B.R. Kobayashi, T. Kobel, M. Koblitz, B. Kocian, M. Kocnar, A. Kodys, P. Köneke, K. König, A.C. Köpke, L. Koetsveld, F. Koevesarki, P. Koffas, T. Koffeman, E. Kohn, F. Kohout, Z. Kohriki, T. Kolanoski, H. Kolesnikov, V. Koletsou, I. Koll, J. Kolos, S. Kolya, S.D. Komar, A.A. Komaragiri, J.R. Kondo, T. Kono, T. Konoplich, R. Konovalov, S.P. Konstantinidis, N. Koperny, S. Korcyl, K. Kordas, K. Korn, A. Korolkov, I. Korolkova, E.V. Korotkov, V.A. Kortner, O. Kostka, P. Kostyukhin, V.V. Kotov, S. Kotov, V.M. Kotov, K.Y. Koupilova, Z. Kourkoumelis, C. Koutsman, A. Kovar, S. Kowalewski, R. Kowalski, H. Kowalski, T.Z. Kozanecki, W. Kozhin, A.S. Kral, V. Kramarenko, V.A. Kramberger, G. Krasny, M.W. Krasznahorkay, A. Kreisel, A. Krejci, F. Kretzschmar, J. Krieger, P. Krobath, G. Kroeninger, K. Kroha, H. Kroll, J. Kroseberg, J. Krstic, J. Kruchonak, U. Krüger, H. Krumshteyn, Z.V. Kubota, T. Kuehn, S. Kugel, A. Kuhl, T. Kuhn, D. Kukhtin, V. Kulchitsky, Y. Kuleshov, S. Kummer, C. Kuna, M. Kupco, A. Kurashige, H. Kurata, M. Kurchaninov, L.L. Kurochkin, Y.A. Kus, V. Kuznetsova, E. Kvasnicka, O. Kwee, R. La Rotonda, L. Labarga, L. Labbe, J.A. Lacasta, C. Lacava, F. Lacker, H. Lacour, D. Lacuesta, V.R. Ladygin, E. 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Teixeira-Dias, P. Ten Kate, H. Teng, P.K. Terada, S. Terashi, K. Terron, J. Terwort, M. Testa, M. Teuscher, R.J. Tevlin, C.M. Thananuwong, R. Thioye, M. Thoma, S. Thomas, J.P. Thomas, T.L. Thompson, E.N. Thompson, P.D. Thompson, P.D. Thompson, R.J. Thompson, A.S. Thomson, E. Thun, R.P. Tic, T. Tikhomirov, V.O. Tikhonov, Y.A. Tipton, P. Tique Aires Viegas, F.J. Tisserant, S. Toczek, B. Todorov, T. Todorova-Nova, S. Tojo, J. Tokár, S. Tokushuku, K. Tomasek, L. Tomasek, M. Tomasz, F. Tomoto, M. Tompkins, D. Tompkins, L. Toms, K. Tonoyan, A. Topfel, C. Topilin, N.D. Torrence, E. Torró Pastor, E. Toth, J. Touchard, F. Tovey, D.R. Tovey, S.N. Trefzger, T. Tremblet, L. Tricoli, A. Trigger, I.M. Trincaz-Duvoid, S. Tripiana, M.F. Triplett, N. Trischuk, W. Trivedi, A. Trocmé, B. Troncon, C. Trzupek, A. Tsarouchas, C. Tseng, J.C.-L. Tsiakiris, M. Tsiareshka, P.V. Tsipolitis, G. Tsiskaridze, V. Tskhadadze, E.G. Tsukerman, I.I. Tsulaia, V. Tsuno, S. Turecek, D. Turk Cakir, I. Turlay, E. Tuts, P.M. Twomey, M.S. Tylmad, M. Tyndel, M. Tzanakos, G. Uchida, K. Ueda, I. Uhrmacher, M. Ukegawa, F. Unal, G. Underwood, D.G. Undrus, A. Unel, G. Unno, Y. Urbaniec, D. Urkovsky, E. Urquijo, P. Urrejola, P. Usai, G. Vacavant, L. Vacek, V. Vachon, B. Vahsen, S. Valenta, J. Valente, P. Valentinetti, S. Valkar, S. Vallecorsa, S. Valls Ferrer, J.A. van der Graaf, H. van der Kraaij, E. van der Poel, E. Van Der Ster, D. van Eldik, N. van Gemmeren, P. van Kesteren, Z. van Vulpen, I. VanBerg, R. Vandelli, W. Vaniachine, A. Vankov, P. Vannucci, F. Vari, R. Varnes, E.W. Varouchas, D. Vartapetian, A. Varvell, K.E. Vassilakopoulos, V.I. Vassilieva, L. Vazeille, F. Veillet, J.J. Vellidis, C. Veloso, F. Veneziano, S. Ventura, A. Ventura, D. Venturi, M. Venturi, N. Vercesi, V. Verducci, M. Verkerke, W. Vermeulen, J.C. Vetterli, M.C. Vichou, I. Vickey, T. Viehhauser, G.H.A. Villa, M. Villani, E.G. Villaplana Perez, M. Villate, J. Vilucchi, E. Vincter, M.G. Vinogradov, V.B. Viret, S. Virzi, J. Vitale, A. Vitells, O.V. Vivarelli, I. Vives Vaques, F. Vlachos, S. Vlasak, M. Vlasov, N. Vokac, P. Volpi, M. von der Schmitt, H. von Loeben, J. von Radziewski, H. von Toerne, E. Vorobel, V. Vorobiev, A.P. Vorwerk, V. Vos, M. Voss, R. Voss, T.T. Vossebeld, J.H. Vranjes, N. Vranjes Milosavljevic, M. Vrba, V. Vreeswijk, M. Vu Anh, T. Vudragovic, D. Vuillermet, R. Vukotic, I. Wagner, P. Wahlen, H. Walbersloh, J. Walder, J. Walker, R. Walkowiak, W. Wall, R. Wang, C. Wang, J. Wang, S.M. Ward, C.P. Warsinsky, M. Watkins, P.M. Watson, A.T. Watts, G. Watts, S. Waugh, A.T. Waugh, B.M. Webel, M. Weber, J. Weber, M.D. Weber, M. Weber, M.S. Weber, P. Weidberg, A.R. Weingarten, J. Weiser, C. Wellenstein, H. Wells, P.S. Wemans, A. Wen, M. Wenaus, T. Wendler, S. Wengler, T. Wenig, S. Wermes, N. Werner, M. Werner, P. Werthenbach, U. Wessels, M. Whalen, K. Wheeler-Ellis, S.J. White, A. White, M.J. White, S. Whiteson, D. Whittington, D. Wicek, F. Wicke, D. Wickens, F.J. Wiedenmann, W. Wielers, M. Wienemann, P. Wiglesworth, C. Wildauer, A. Wildt, M.A. Wilkens, H.G. Williams, E. Williams, H.H. Willocq, S. Wilson, J.A. Wilson, M.G. Wilson, A. Wingerter-Seez, I. Winklmeier, F. Wittgen, M. Wolter, M.W. Wolters, H. Wosiek, B.K. Wotschack, J. Woudstra, M.J. Wraight, K. Wright, C. Wright, D. Wrona, B. Wu, S.L. Wu, X. Wulf, E. Xella, S. Xie, S. Xu, N. Yamada, M. Yamamoto, A. Yamamoto, S. Yamamura, T. Yamanaka, K. Yamaoka, J. Yamazaki, T. Yamazaki, Y. Yan, Z. Yang, H. Yang, U.K. Yang, Z. Yao, W.-M. Yao, Y. Yasu, Y. Ye, J. Ye, S. Yilmaz, M. Yoosoofmiya, R. Yorita, K. Yoshida, R. Young, C. Youssef, S.P. Yu, D. Yu, J. Yuan, J. Yuan, L. Yurkewicz, A. Zaidan, R. Zaitsev, A.M. Zajacova, Z. Zambrano, V. Zanello, L. Zarzhitsky, P. Zaytsev, A. Zeitnitz, C. Zeller, M. Zema, P.F. Zemla, A. Zendler, C. Zenis, T. Zenonos, Z. Zenz, S. Zerwas, D. Zevi della Porta, G. Zhan, Z. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Zhang, X. Zhao, L. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhu, C.G. Zhu, H. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhuravlov, V. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Živković, L. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. zur Nedden, M.

Published
2009

44. A criminal justice contribution to a general education diversity requirement

Author

David E. Duffee and Frankie Y. Bailey

Subjects
business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), Resistance (psychoanalysis), General education, Public relations, Criminology, Education, Human diversity, Sociology, business, Law, Criminal justice, Diversity (politics), media_common
Abstract

In the United States, colleges and universities have recently increased attention to diversity of faculty, staff, and student populations. Among the manifestations of the diversity movement are calls for modifications of general education courses to include coverage of cultural or human diversity. At the University at Albany, one of the first human diversity courses was offered by the School of Criminal Justice. The authors review the objectives of the course, the teaching materials selected, and students' reactions to the first offering of the course. Among the most troubling reactions was students' resistance to history, to explorations of context of criminal justice practice, and to examination of current discriminatory policy and practice.

Published
1991
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46. Electrophysiological effects of stimulant treatment on inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Author

Mario Liotti, David C. Glahn, Margaret Semrud-Clikeman, Steven R. Pliszka, Brigitte Y. Bailey, and Ricardo Perez

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Electroencephalography, Audiology, Stop signal, Placebo, Double-Blind Method, Event-related potential, mental disorders, Task Performance and Analysis, medicine, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Psychiatry, Child, Evoked Potentials, Cerebral Cortex, Cross-Over Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, Methylphenidate, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Stimulant, Psychiatry and Mental health, Inhibition, Psychological, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Female, Psychology, human activities, medicine.drug
Abstract

To examine the electrophysiological effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on inhibitory control in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Twelve children with ADHD performed the Stop Signal Task (SST) while event related potentials (ERP) were obtained. Each child completed two testing sessions, once on placebo and again on an individualized dose of MPH, with the order of medication administration counterbalanced. The following ERP parameters were studied: the N200, often seen as a measure of the activation of the inhibitory process, and the NoGo-P3, which may represent the degree of performance monitoring and/or error detection.MPH significantly improved behavioral performance on the SST. During successful inhibitions, MPH also significantly increased the amplitude of the right frontal N200, while during unsuccessful inhibitions MPH increased the amplitude of the NoGo-P3.MPH may improve inhibitory control by enhancing brain mechanisms that trigger the inhibitory process and make stopping a motor act more probable (reflected by increased N200) and by increasing attentional resources to the task when unsuccessful inhibitions occur (as reflected by increased NoGo-P3). These results are consistent with functional imaging studies suggesting a role for the right frontal inferior cortex and the cingulate cortex in the pathophysiology of ADHD.

Published
2007

47. Knowledge, motivation and barriers to diabetes control in adults in Jamaica

Author

Norma McFarlane-Anderson, R Wright-Pascoe, E Y Bailey, Yvonne Wint, A O'Connor, and E M Duff

Subjects
Gerontology, Adult, Male, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Jamaica, Low education, Population, MEDLINE, Interviews as Topic, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, education, Life Style, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Motivation, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Risk perception, Diabetes control, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Structured interview, Female, Descriptive research, business
Abstract

In this descriptive study, individual structured interviews were conducted on a random sample of 35 men and 98 women from a population (n = 510) of clinic patients. Open questions sought to determine the extent of knowledge, motivation and barriers to lifestyle changes for control of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Jamaican adults. These were coded into themes and described. Other data were analysed using SPSS. Men (61.8 +/- 14.8 years) were older than women (54.9 +/- 13.7 years) and demonstrated less knowledge (p = 0.006). The respondents (71%) indicated the need for more education. Barriers to lifestyle changes and glycaemic control included a low education level (64%), inadequate knowledge (80%), lack of perceived risk (80.4%) and lack of self-monitoring (93%). Only 23% were controlled to HbA1c < or = 6.5%. The patients' reference to the physicians as a primary source of information indicated the need for a collaborative team approach, and the incorporation of diabetes education as an indispensable service at this clinic.

Published
2007

48. Self-care, compliance and glycaemic control in Jamaican adults with diabetes mellitus

Author

Yvonne Wint, A O'Connor, R Wright-Pascoe, E Y Bailey, E M Duff, and Norma McFarlane-Anderson

Subjects
Gerontology, Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Jamaica, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Overweight, Interviews as Topic, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Mass index, education, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Glycated Hemoglobin, education.field_of_study, Anthropometry, business.industry, Insulin, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Obesity, Self Care, Health Care Surveys, Patient Compliance, Median body, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Appropriate self-care practices, including nutrition and medication compliance, are essential to satisfactory control of diabetes mellitus (DM). This descriptive study assesses self-care practices, and their relationships to glycaemic control in adults with DM in Jamaica. A pre-tested structured interview and anthropometric measurements were carried out on 98 women and 35 men, randomly selected from a population (n = 510) of adult clinic patients. HbA1c was used as the index of glycaemic control. Self-care practice scores indicated the extent of compliance with appropriate lifestyle practices. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Men (median age, 62 years) were significantly older (z = -2.64, p = 0.008) than the women (55 years). The median duration of DM was: men, seven years; women: 10.5 years. Sixty-nine per cent were being treated with insulin. Only 45% reported full compliance with medications. Their median body mass index (BMI) was 29.1, (16.6-47.4) kg/m2. Eighty-one per cent were overweight or obese. Forty-six per cent described diet and/or obesity as contributing to their diabetes. Eighty-five per cent had consulted a dietitian but only 56.4% reported being on a "special diet". Only 16.5% reported not taking any sugar. Self-care scores were inversely related to HbA1c% (p = 0.008), BMI (p = 0.001), sugar intake (p = 0.005) and were lowest in the area of weight control and exercise. Only 23% had blood glucose controlled to HbA1c < or = 6.5%. In women, HbA1c% levels were inversely related to compliance with medication (p = 0.004). Glycaemic control in adults with diabetes mellitus is related to their self-care practices, especially weight control, exercise and medication compliance.

Published
2007

49. OP008 The cost of investigations and medical treatment including biological therapy in a European inception cohort from the biological era – An ECCO-EpiCom study

Author

Johan Burisch, K R Nielsen, Pia S. Munkholm, Ebbe Langholz, E.V. Tsianos, I. Kaimakliotis, Sven Almer, Jonas Halfvarson, Svetlana Turcan, Vicent Hernandez, Limas Kupčinskas, Vibeke Andersen, Niels Thorsgaard, Shaji Sebastian, Y. Bailey, Renata D'Incà, Adrian Goldis, Dana Duricova, Elena Belousova, Shmuel Odes, K. Ladefoged, and Fernando Magro

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Medical treatment, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Physical therapy, Medicine, General Medicine, business, Intensive care medicine, INCEPTION COHORT
Abstract

The cost of investigations and medical treatment including biological therapy in a European inception cohort from the biological era : An ECCO-EpiCom study

Published
2014
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50. Coping with occupational stress in an accident and emergency department

Author

D, McFarlane, E M W, Duff, and E Y, Bailey

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adaptation, Psychological, Medical Staff, Hospital, Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Emergency Service, Hospital, Stress, Psychological
Abstract

Kingston Regional Hospital's Accident and Emergency Department (AE), located in a volatile area of Kingston, Jamaica, treats 90-170 patients daily. It does so with limited staff and a potentially stressful work environment. This study explores the factors associated with occupational stress in the Department, and the coping strategies used by the doctors and nurses working there. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was completed by 28 (84.8%) of the total population (n = 33) of health personnel working in the AE. The participants were 15 (53.6%) doctors, eight (28.6%) registered nurses and five (17.8%) enrolled assistant nurses. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 7.5. Qualitative data were analyzed by sorting texts into related themes and describing the ideas of the subjects. The median age was 32 years, range 23-50 years. Median duration of employment in the AE was three years, range 0.5-22 years. Eighteen (60%) rated the AE as "stressful". The major sources of stress were the external environment and the amount and quality of the workload. Ninety-six per cent reported experiencing one to seven emotional and physical symptoms. Forty-six per cent also reported behavioural symptoms. The emotional, physical and behavioural symptoms of stress were associated (p0.05). The number of behavioural symptoms experienced was associated with age (p0.05). The majority (89.2%) of doctors and nurses reported that they were satisfied with their jobs and had no intention of leaving their jobs within a year. This suggested the effectiveness of the reported humour, teamwork and "extracurricular" activities in buffering the effects of stress. Nurses were more likely to be "burned out" than doctors (p = 0.03). The respondents suggested increased monetary compensation, more staff and positive feedback from managers as factors which may relieve work stress. They suggested that organized counselling and stress management programmes would be useful.

Published
2004

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