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We carried out a cyanopolyyne line survey towards a large sample of HMSFRs using the Shanghai Tian Ma 65m Radio Telescope (TMRT). Our sample consisted of 123 targets taken from the TMRT C band line survey. It included three kinds of sources, namely those with detection of the 6.7 GHz CH3OH maser alone, with detection of the radio recombination line (RRL) alone, and with detection of both (hereafter referred to as Maser-only, RRL-only, and Maser-RRL sources, respectively). We detected HC3N in 38 sources, HC5N in 11 sources, and HC7N in G24.790+0.084, with the highest detection rate being found for Maser-RRL sources and a very low detection rate found for RRL-only sources. Their column densities were derived using the rotational temperature measured from the NH3 lines. And we constructed and fitted the far-infrared (FIR) spectral energy distributions. Based on these, we derive their dust temperatures, H2 column densities, and abundances of cyanopolyynes relative to H2. The detection rate, the column density, and the relative abundance of HC3N increase from Maser-only to Maser-RRL sources and decrease from Maser-RRL to RRL-only sources. This trend is consistent with the proposed evolutionary trend of HC3N under the assumption that our Maser-only, Maser-RRL, and RRL-only sources correspond to massive young stellar objects, ultra-compact HII regions, and normal classical HII regions, respectively. Furthermore, a statistical analysis of the integrated line intensity and column density of HC3N and shock-tracing molecules (SiO, H2CO) enabled us to find positive correlations between them. This suggests that HC3N may be another tracer of shocks, and should therefore be the subject of further observations and corresponding chemical simulations. Our results indirectly support the idea that the neutral--neutral reaction between C2H2 and CN is the dominant formation pathway of HC3N., 23 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, Accepted to A&A

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common kidney malignancy that frequently leads to metastasis. Increasing evidence has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles affecting the progression of RCC. The role of lncRNA DUXAP10 in the evolution of RCC has not been defined yet. This project was designed to clarify the effects of DUXAP10 on the proliferation and tumorigenesis of RCC.We examined the expression of DUXAP10 in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ONCOMINE oncology databases. Then, we performed quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to evaluate DUXAP10 expression in human RCC tissues and cell lines. The correlation between the expression of DUXAP10 and clinical characteristics of RCC patients was analyzed by univariate and Kaplan-Meier analyses. To unveil the biological function of DUXAP10 in cell cycle progression, cell growth, and invasion of RCC, we conducted knockdown experiments in vitro. qRT- PCR and western blotting assays were performed to further investigate the function of DUXAP10 in cancer biology.The data from TCGA showed that the expression of DUXAP10 was upregulated in tissues of RCC compared with normal tissues. Moreover, ONCOMINE database analysis indicated that high DUXAP10 levels were correlated with high clinical stages, inferior TNM classification, and poor overall survival. Furthermore, the results indicated that knockdown of DUXAP10 remarkably inhibited the RCC cell growth, mobility, and invasion, in association with the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of cyclin D, cyclin E, CDK4, N-cadherin, and vimentin.Our findings highlight the oncogenic role of DUXAP10 in RCC and that DUXAP10 may serve as a novel predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for RCC.

Comprehensive treatment of gastric cancer is mainly based on the pathological staging. The T stage mainly depends on the accurate determination of the depth of the tumor invasion. The accurate T stage should be standardized pathological examination and continuous sectioning. N stage may be influenced by the number of lymph node examined. Insufficient lymph node examined may lead to stage migration. Therefore, standardizing lymph node dissection and lymph node harvest after surgery is important. M stage is mainly to improve the detection rate of peritoneal lavage cytology (CY), identify high risk factors for peritoneal metastasis, and optimize the prediction of peritoneal metastasis molecular markers, as a complementary methods of clinical examination. Currently, the quality of standardized pathological diagnosis of gastric cancer in China still needs to be improved. This article mainly elucidates the related studies and clinical experience of our center on how to do better in the optimization of gastric cancer TNM staging and pathological quality control.胃癌的综合治疗主要以病理分期（TNM）为依据。其中，T分期主要依靠对浸润胃壁深度的准确判定，准确T分期应做到规范化病理取材和必要的连续切片；N分期易受淋巴结捡取数影响，淋巴结捡取不足可导致N分期偏移。因此，规范淋巴结清扫及术后最大限度地捡取淋巴结是关键环节；M分期主要在于提高胃癌腹腔脱落癌细胞（CY1）阳性检出率，确定腹膜转移的高危因素，优化预测腹膜转移的分子标志物，作为临床检查的补充手段。现阶段我国胃癌规范化病理诊断的质量仍有待提升。本文结合国内外相关研究及本中心临床实践经验，就如何做好胃癌TNM分期的优化及病理质量控制等方面进行评述。.

葡萄酒色斑是一种毛细血管畸形，晚期增厚型常形成多发隆起性结节，易与恶性血管肿瘤等相混淆，形态学以真皮层及皮下筋膜层蜂窝状扩张增生的血管为主，诊断需结合临床外观、病史及病理特征综合判断。该文对近期确诊的1例颌面部葡萄酒色斑患者进行报道，探讨其临床病理特征，以提高对该类疾病的认识。.

The aim of this study was to explore the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) FAM83H-AS1 and its clinical significance in ovarian cancer (OC).Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine the expression level of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 in 100 pairs of OC tissues and para-cancerous specimens. Meanwhile, the relationship between lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression and clinical features of OC patients was analyzed. According to the mean expression level of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 (3.693), OC patients were divided into two groups, including the high-expression group (n=48) and low-expression group (n=52). After that, the association between lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression and clinicopathological features of OC patients was analyzed. Moreover, the correlation between the expression level of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 and the survival time of patients was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. After OVCAR-3 cells were transfected with Si-FAM83H-AS1 or si-NC, the expression of FAM83H-AS1 in OVCAR-3 cells was detected by qRT-PCR.First, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 in OC tissues and cell lines. The results showed that lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in both OC tissues and OC cells when compared with normal controls. Meanwhile, lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression was correlated with tumor pathological grade, FIGO stage and distant metastasis of OC patients. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The results indicated that the overall survival time of patients with higher lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression was markedly shorter than those with lower lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 expression. In addition, down-regulation of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 by si-FAM83H-AS1 transfection could remarkably inhibit proliferation and invasion of OC cells in vitro.LncRNA FAM83H-AS1 was a novel factor involved in OC progression. Our findings suggested that FAM83H-AS1 could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for OC.

Long non-coding RNA DUXAP10 plays a significant role in the tumorigenesis and development of human cancer. The present study was performed to investigate the role of DUXAP10 in biological functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer cells.First, the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of DUXAP10 in human prostate cancer cell lines 22RV1, PC3, and DU145. Subsequently, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting at DUXAP10 mRNA were used to downregulate DUXAP10 expression. Then, the biological functions of DUXAP10 in prostate cancer cells, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were studied by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony-formation assay, cell cycle analysis, transwell migration assay, wound healing assay, and cell apoptosis assay, respectively. Finally, qRT-PCR analysis and Western blot assay were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of DUXAP10 underlying the progression of prostate cancer.Results showed that the expression of DUXAP10 was higher in PC3 and DU145 cell lines than that in the 22RV1 cell line. Additionally, the knockdown of DUXAP10 could remarkably inhibit the proliferation, migration, and induce apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, and significantly increase the number of G0/G1 cells in PC3 and DU145 cell lines. Moreover, DUXAP10 could promote the development of prostate cancer by regulating the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).The findings of this study suggested that the down-regulation of DUXAP10 expression suppressed the progression of prostate cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and promote cell apoptosis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of microRNA-539-3p (miR-539-3p) on the development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and to explore the possible underlying mechanism.A total of 40 paired EOC tissues and adjacent normal ovarian tissues were surgically resected in Hanchuan People's Hospital. Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-539-3p in EOC tissues and cell lines. Targeted regulatory mechanism of miR-539-3p on SPARC-like protein 1 (SPARCL1) was identified by luciferase reporter and Western blot assays. Furthermore, the effects of miR-539-3p/SPARCL1 axis on the malignant behaviors of EOC cells, including proliferation, invasion and migration abilities, were confirmed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell and scratch wound assays.QRT-PCR showed that the expression of miR-539-3p was significantly up-regulated in EOC tissues and cell lines. SPARCL1 was a direct target of miR-539-3p in EOC cells. Overexpression of miR-539-3p significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells. Furthermore, co-transfection of miR-539-3p inhibitor and si-SPARCL1 could remarkably restore the migration and invasion abilities of SKOV3 cells.MiR-539-3p acted as an oncogene in EOC by targeting SPARCL1. MiR-539-3p/SPARCL1 axis, as a target for the treatment of EOC, might become a feasible and new method of tumor treatment.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) TCL6 in early abortion and to explore its underlying mechanism.The expression levels of lncRNA-TCL6 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in placental tissues of normal pregnancy, threatened abortion pregnancy, spontaneous abortion pregnancy, and induced abortion pregnancy were detected by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Trophoblast cells were transfected with siRNA to knock-down lncRNA-TCL6. Cell viability of trophoblast cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The protein expression levels of EGFR, extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) in trophoblast cells after lncRNA-TCL6 knockdown were detected by Western blot. Rescue experiments were performed to investigate the relationship between EGFR and lncRNA-TCL6.The expression of lncRNA-TCL6 in placenta tissues of threatened abortion pregnancy was significantly higher than that of normal pregnancy. Meanwhile, the expression of lncRNA-TCL6 in placenta tissues of spontaneous abortion pregnancy was also markedly higher than induced abortion pregnancy. However, the expression of EGFR showed an opposite trend. After knockdown of lncRNA-TCL6 in trophoblast cells, the protein expression levels of EGFR, ERK, and AKT were significantly increased when compared with those of the control group. CCK-8 assay indicated that cell viability was remarkably increased after knockdown of lncRNA-TCL6, which could be reversed by EGFR knockdown.Compared with normal pregnancy, lncRNA-TCL6 was highly expressed in placental tissues of threatened abortion pregnancy. Moreover, the expression of lncRNA-TCL6 in placenta tissues of spontaneous abortion pregnancy was significantly higher than induced abortion pregnancy. Knockdown of lncRNA-TCL6 promoted the proliferation of trophoblast cells and inhibited the abortion via the EGFR signaling pathway.

The pollination efficiency hypothesis has long been proposed as an explanation for interspecific variation in pollen-ovule (P:O) ratios. However, no empirical study on P:O ratios has directly and quantitatively measured pollen transfer efficiency (PE). Here, we use a PE index, defined as the proportion of pollen grains removed from anthers that are subsequently deposited on conspecific stigmas, as a direct and quantitative measure of PE. We investigated P:O ratios, pollen removal and pollen deposition in 26 plant species in an alpine meadow, over three consecutive years. Our community survey showed that nearly 5% of removed pollen was successfully deposited on conspecific stigmas. The PE index ranged from 0.01% up to 78.56% among species, and correlated negatively with the P:O ratio across years. This correlation was not changed by controlling for phylogenetic relationships among species, suggesting that the interspecific variation in P:O ratios can be attributed to the probability of pollen grains reaching a stigma. The results indicate that the pollination efficiency hypothesis can help to explain interspecific variation in P:O ratios.

Miyun reservoir, the only surface water source for Beijing city, has experienced water supply decline in recent decades. Previous studies suggest that both land use change and climate contributes the changes of water supply in this critical watershed. However, the specific causes of the decline in Miyun reservoir are debatable in a non-stationary climate in the past four decades. The central objective of this study was to quantify the separate and collective contributions of land use change and climate variability to the decreasing inflow into Miyun reservoir during 1961–2008. Different from previous studies, this work objectively identified breakpoints by analyzing the long-term historical hydrometeorology and land cover records. To effectively study the different impacts of the climate variation and land cover change during different sub-periods, annual water balance model (AWB), climate elasticity model (CEM), and rainfall–runoff model (RRM) were employed to conduct attribution analysis synthetically. We found a significant decrease in annual streamflow (p < 0.01), a significant positive trend in annual potential evapotranspiration (p < 0.01), and an insignificant negative trend in annual precipitation (p > 0.1) during 1961–2008. Combined with historical records, we identified two breakpoints as in 1983 and 1999 for the period 1961–2008 by the sequential Mann–Kendall Test and Double Mass Curve. Climate variability alone did not explain the decrease in inflow to Miyun reservoir. Reduction of water yield was closely related to increase in evapotranspiration rates due to the expansion of forestlands and reduction in cropland and grassland, and was likely exacerbated by increased water consumption for domestic and industrial uses in the basin. Our study found that the contribution to the observed streamflow decline from land use change fell from 64–92 % during 1984–1999 to 36–58 % during 2000–2008, whereas the contribution from climate variation climbed from 8–36 % during the 1984–1999 to 42–64 % during 2000–2008. Model uncertainty analysis further demonstrated that climate warming played a dominant role in streamflow reduction in the 2000s. We conclude that future climate change and variability will further challenge the goal of water supply of Miyun reservoir to meet water demand. A comprehensive watershed management strategy needs to consider the climate variations besides vegetation management.

an analysis of a two-section folded waveguide TWT for terahertz radiation is performed. The theory of high frequency characteristics including the dispersion properties and the beam-wave interaction impedance of this structure are analyzed for nonlinear interaction analysis. A THz-band folded waveguide TWT using 10.8kV, 50mA electron beam is designed and the nonlinear beam-wave interaction in the TWT is investigated by the use of MAGIC3D. The maximum radiation power of 34.7W corresponding to the saturated gain of 25.4dB is predicated at 140GHz.

This paper gives a introduction to the research activities on the millimeter wave traveling wave tube (TWT) in UESTC, including some development of the novel slow wave structures, the design and experiment work of MM TWT.

The instability caused by the interaction among the electron beam, plasma, and electromagnetic (EM) waves in a radially non-uniform ion channel is studied. The dispersion relation of the interaction is derived in this paper. The study shows that the EM instability can be induced nearby the center of the beam through the coupling between the fast plasma wave and forward EM wave. On the other hand, the beam mode instability is found in the region relatively far from the center, which means the beam mode can couple with the slow plasma wave so that the electron beam can provide energy to the plasma wave. The distributions of the instability with radius and plasma density are given, respectively, by the numerical simulation, and the result shows that the instability frequency is increased exponentially with the increase of the plasma density. When the plasma density reaches 1×1024m−3, the scale of the frequency can be 10 THz, which provides a theoretical basis for developing the new kind of high-power teraher...

Ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is a newly developed bionics method, which has been successfully applied to several kinds of optimization problems as the traveling salesman problem, sequential ordering, and management of communications networks and so on. In this paper the ACO algorithms for optimization problems of engineering structure as the antenna structure was presented. It was shown how to construct the responding relations between the ACO algorithms and structural optimization problems. For improving the performance of ACO algorithms, several parameters of the algorithm, particularly the pheromone evaluation, had been improved here. Three examples on structural optimization were presented and solved by the improved ACO algorithms, Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing Algorithm and so on. The comparisons between the improved ACO algorithm and other algorithm for the three examples have been obtained in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. The comparisons show the improved ACO algorithm is a very effective approach for solving structural optimization problems. And the improved ACO algorithm can greatly enforce the robustness of the optimal result.