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Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and effective management at the primary care level are essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden on the healthcare systems. The Eurasian Society of HF and the Turkish Association of Family Medicine developed a guideline that underscores the critical role of natriuretic peptides (NPs) in the early detection, diagnosis, and management of HF. NPs, particularly the N-terminal pro-B-type NP, are a reliable biomarker for identifying HF, guiding treatment decisions, and monitoring disease progression. This guideline emphasizes the importance of measuring the levels of these peptides in primary care so as to detect individuals at risk, confirm the diagnosis of HF in symptomatic patients, and evaluate the treatment response. The recommended thresholds for NP levels account for variations arising from factors such as age, gender, and the presence of other health conditions. B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) levels ≥ 35 pg/ml or N-terminus-proBNP levels ≥ 125 pg/ml are used to confirm the likelihood of HF in symptomatic patients, enabling timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention. Incorporating NP testing into routine clinical practice enables timely referrals and ensures appropriate management at all stages of HF. Beyond diagnosis, the measurement of NPs provides valuable information about treatment effectiveness and prognosis, allowing clinicians to individualize the treatment. By integrating NP testing into primary care, healthcare providers can facilitate early detection, optimize treatment strategies, and improve the quality of life for patients with or at risk of HF. Thus, this guideline highlights the essential role of primary care physicians in addressing the growing challenges of HF through the effective and evidence-based use of NPs.

Purpose: To develop a new model for calculating the long-term production expectation of production lines and to show how this model can be used in production planning and control.Methodology: The methodology leverages real-world data to assess mechanical unit performance and improvement efforts. By calculating transition probabilities and employing Markov Chain and reliability analysis, it predicts long-term production capacity for the production line.Findings: It can predict long-term production expectations with high accuracy for a business with six production lines.Originality: The proposed model and method in this current study are capable of effectively addressing any production line problem where regular data is maintained.

OBJECTIVE: In Türkiye, anti-tobacco legislation (Law No. 4207 on the Prevention and Control of Harms of Tobacco Products) aims to ensure a “tobacco-free” life for current and future generations. Thus, there are observations of violations in the hospitality sector. In this study, we aimed to observe the status of hospitality venues’ violation of the law in 11 different cities in Türkiye. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive study examined 772 hospitality venues in Ankara, Burdur, Diyarbakır, Giresun, Hatay, İstanbul, İzmir, Kars, Kayseri, Samsun, and Zonguldak between August 1 and October 10, 2023. The Google Forms survey, Microsoft Excel, and IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 23) programs were used for data collection, entry, and analysis. A logistic regression model was used to understand the associations between non-compliance and the characteristics of the venues. RESULTS: During the observation of indoor spaces, tobacco products were used in 282 venues (37.1%). Non-compliance in bars, pubs, traditional coffee houses, and hookah cafes was statistically significantly higher than in the other venue types [odds ratio (OR)= 3.031, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.699 to 5.408, P < 0.001]. The presence of a retractable roof and/or side wall (OR=5.362, 95% CI: 3.518 to 8.173, p < 0.001), later hour observations (OR= 2.120, 95% CI: 1.399 to 3.212, p < 0.001), and the existence of outdoor venues where smoking is permitted (OR= 3.165, 95% CI: 2.170 to 4.617, p < 0.001) also increased indoor violations. CONCLUSION: The findings provided scientific evidence that violations of Turkish anti-tobacco legislation exist in hospitality venues. The public authorities are advised to play their vital role in preventing violations in indoor spaces.

Objective: Pneumothorax (PTX) is the accumulation of air in the pleural space, and it poses significant concerns in emergency settings. End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring is potentially significant in PTX management, particularly regarding treatment response. This study aimed to elucidate the role of ETCO2 monitoring in patients undergoing PTX, particularly in assessing treatment response following tube thoracostomy. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital’s emergency department. It included 43 patients diagnosed with spontaneous or traumatic PTX. ETCO2 levels were measured before and after tube thoracostomy, along with other clinical parameters. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in ETCO2 values before tube insertion and at 2 and 4 hours post-insertion(p

Bu çalışmanın konusu, İslâm’ın erken dönemi Arap şiirinde eş olarak kadın algısıdır. Problemi ise döneme ait Arap şiirine eş olarak kadın algısı yansımalarının sorgulanmasıdır. Çalışma konusu kapsamındaki beyitler, dönemin İslâm toplumunda eş olarak kadın algısını yakından tanıma ve konuyla ilgili kanaat edinme bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Her ne kadar son zamanlarda İslâm’da kadının konumuyla ilgili bazı çalışmalar yapılmış olsa bile söz konusu çalışmalarda araştırmaların tabiatı gereği eş olarak kadın algısına yeterince değinilmediği ve genel özellikleri zikretmekle yetinildiği görülmektedir. Çalışmamızı ayrıcalıklı kılan husus, İslâm’ın erken dönemi Arap şiirinde karı-koca ilişkisi, kocaya özlem duyma, kocadan yakınma, sadakatsiz kocadan intikam alma, boşanma ve sonrası ve vefat eden kocanın ardından mersiye okuma gibi beyitlere yansıtılan yaklaşımlar ve detaylardır. Çalışmada nitel yöntem tekniklerinden doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle konunun daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamak amacıyla arka plan mahiyetinde Câhiliye Devri Arap toplumunda ve Hz. Peygamber döneminde kadının konumu hakkında özet bilgiler verilmiştir. Ardından dönemin Arap şiirinde ulaşılabilen ilgili beyitler tercüme edilmiş, gerekli değerlendirmeler yapılmış ve ilginç görülen tespitlere işaret edilmiştir. Hz. Ömer (öl. 23/644) dönemine kadar Câhiliye Devri nikâh geleneğinin sürdürüldüğüne ve üvey anneyle evlilik yapıldığına işaret eden beyitler dönemin Arap şiirinde dikkat çeken ilginç tespitler arasında yer almaktadır. Benzer biçimde İslâm’ın erken dönemi Arap şiirlerinde eş olarak kadına sevgi, saygı ve merhamet duyguları gözetilerek muamelede bulunulduğuna, dahası bazı zamanlar bu hususta İslâm prensiplerinden ödün verilerek aşırıya kaçıldığına işaret eden ilginç tespitler de yer almaktadır. İlgili beyitlerden; eş olarak kadına olan aşırı tutkunun kocayı İslâm prensiplerine muhalif davranışlara sevk etmesi durumunda karı-koca arasındaki sevgi bağlarına itibar edilmediği ve kadını boşamaya zorlayıcı yaptırımların uygulandığı anlaşılmaktadır.

Objective: This study aims to retrospectively examine the demographic characteristics, main causes of pain, diagnoses and applied treatment methods of patients who applied to a pain clinic. It is expected that these data will contribute to the evaluation of current clinical practices and the development of more effective pain management strategies.Methods: The study was conducted with a retrospective design among patients who presented to our clinic between January 2023 and December 2023. During this period, the medical records of the patients who applied to the pain clinic were examined. The patients' (age, gender), reasons for application (pain localization) and treatment approaches (drug therapies, interventional procedures) were recorded.Results: When demographic characteristics were examined, 56.8% of the 1210 patients included in the study were female, 43.2% were male, and the mean age was determined as 47.42±20.56. When the complaints of the patients were examined, the reasons for application were back pain, leg pain and widespread body pain in order of frequency. In terms of treatment methods, the most frequently performed procedure was the plan block, followed by epidural analgesia. Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that the majority of patients applying to the pain clinic applied due to chronic pain and needed multidisciplinary treatment approaches. These data are important for the development of new strategies for pain management in clinical practices and for increasing patient satisfaction. It is recommended that more studies be conducted, especially on the effectiveness of interventional methods and the role of psychological support.

Kur’an-ı Kerim’de “hatmü’n-nübüvve” terkibi açıkça zikredilmemesine rağmen Resûl-i Ekrem’in nebîlerin sonuncusu (hâtemü’n-nebiyyîn) olduğu vurgulanmış buradan hareketle ilgili husus İslâm inanç esasları arasında yerini almış dolayısıyla söz konusu itikadı zedeleyecek tüm görüşler geçersiz addedilmiştir. Nitekim Resûlullah (s.a.v.), İsrâiloğulları’nın peygamberler tarafından idare edildiklerini ve bundan dolayı onlara gönderilen bir nebînin ölmesi peşi sıra yerine gelen bir başka peygamberin bu görevi icra ettiğini beyan etmiş ancak kendisi ile bu durumun değiştiğini, zatının levh-i mahfûzda peygamberlerin sonuncusu şeklinde kaydedildiğini belirtmiş hatta nübüvvet binasının eksik kalan tuğlasının kendi risâleti ile tamamlandığını ifade etmiştir. Bu bağlamda mezkûr ilke ile özellikle Yahudiler arasında görülen nübüvvetin babadan oğula intikali yönündeki beklenti ve insanlar arasında dönüp dolaşan, “Muhammed’in oğullarından biri yaşasaydı”, “Zeyd b. Hârise, Muhammed’in öz oğlu olsaydı o da nebî ve resûl olacaktı” ve “Zeyd yaşasaydı Resûlullah (s.a.v.), onu kendi yerine bırakırdı” şeklindeki söylemlere cevap verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Resûlullah (s.a.v.), kendisinin son peygamber olduğu yönündeki ilgili açıklamalarına rağmen kıyamet öncesinde peygamberlik iddiasında bulunacak yalancıların zuhur edeceğini de hatırlatmış ve hayatının sonlarına doğru ortaya çıkan bu yöndeki teşebbüs ve girişimlere müsaade etmeyerek de bu inancı pekiştirmiştir. Hatmü’n-nübüvve meselesi sahâbe arasında da üzerinde ittifak edilen hususlardan birini teşkil etmiş ve söz konusu dönemde nübüvvet iddiasında bulunanlar mürted kabul edilerek onlarla savaşılmıştır. Hatmü’n-nübüvve konusundaki sözü edilen açıklama ve uygulamalara rağmen, hadislerin bağlamından kopartılarak anlaşılmaya çalışılması ve mevzuya dair diğer nasların dikkate alınmamasının ortaya çıkardığı yanlış anlamalar, Resûl-i Ekrem’in, oğlu İbrâhim’in vefatı esnasında, “İbrâhim yaşasaydı sıddîk bir nebî olurdu.” beyanı için de söz konusu olmuştur. Rivayete göre o (s.a.v.), hicri 10 yılında İbrâhim’in ahirete irtihali akabinde, “Göz yaşarır, yaş boşalır, kalp sızlar ve hüzünlenir. Ey İbrâhim! Biz senin ölümünle gerçekten çok üzgünüz. Şayet ölüm doğru bir vaat, herkes için geçerli bir gerçek olmasaydı ve arkada kalan önde gidene hiç kavuşmayacak olsaydı biz şu anda hissettiğimizden çok daha fazla üzülürdük.” şeklinde bir konuşma yapmış ve peşinden de “(İbrâhim) yaşasaydı sıddîk bir nebî olur, Kıbtî dayıları azat edilir ve hiçbir Kıbtî de köle yapılmazdı.” yönünde bir izahta bulunmuştur. Resûlullah’ın (s.a.v.), oğlunun vefatında yaptığı, “(İbrâhim) yaşasaydı sıddîk bir nebî olurdu.” açıklaması hatmü’n-nübüvve açısından müşkil addedilmiş ve bu ifade farklı değerlendirmelere konu edilmiştir. Nitekim ilgili hadisten yola çıkılarak Hz. Peygamber’den sonra bir nebînin olmaması İbrâhim’in vefatıyla ilişkilendirilmiş ayrıca mezkûr haberin bâtıl/mevzu olduğu; her bir peygamberin çocuğunun nebî olması halinde bu durumun tarihî verilere aykırılık arz edeceği; ilgili sözün İbrâhim’in faziletini beyan sadedinde sarf edildiği ve gerek Asr-ı Saâdet’te gerekse sonradan peygamberlik iddiasında bulunacaklara bir cevap mahiyeti taşıdığı yönünde bazı açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca hatmü’n-nübüvve meselesi özellikle 19. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan Kâdiyâniler tarafından yeniden gündeme getirilmiş ve inceleme konumuzu teşkil eden rivayet, sözü edilen grup tarafından nübüvvetin son bulmadığı yönündeki düşüncelerini desteklemek üzere kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma bazı lafız farklılıkları ile biri merfû diğer ikisi ise mevkuf nitelikli, “İbrâhim yaşasaydı sıddîk bir nebî olurdu.” biçiminde nakledilen ilgili rivayetin hatmü’n-nübüvve bağlamında sened ve metin tahlilini ihtiva etmektedir.

In this study, besides the etiological causes of spinal fractures and dislocations of cats and dogs, the effects of the posttraumatic period, deep pain sensations and trauma localization on recovery were evaluated. A total of 112 animals, including 80 cats (71.43%) from 8 different breeds and 32 dogs (28.57%) from 9 different breeds, with spinal fractures and/or dislocations were included in the study. In the neurological evaluation, paraplegia, tetraplegia, paraparesis, tetraparesis conditions were recorded. Considering the neurological and radiographic examination results, the trauma area was classified as cervical (C1–C5), cervico-thoracic (C6-Th2), thoracolumbar (Th3–L3) and lumbosacral (L4-S3), according to the affected spinal cord segment. In the current study, it was observed that falling from a height was more common in cats exposed to spinal traumas, and vehicle accidents were more common in dogs. It was determined that cats and dogs exposed to spinal trauma were mostly domestic and adult. In cats, spine fractures were seen the most (58/80, 72.5%), followed by spine dislocations (20/80, 25%), and fractures and dislocations in combination (2/80, 2.5%). In dogs, it was similar to that of cats (24/32, 75%; 7/32, 21.88%; and 1/32, 3.13%, respectively). The most affected vertebrae range was found to be between Th3-L3 in cats (40/80, 50%) and L4-S3 in dogs (18/32, 56%). The recovery rate was higher in cats and dogs where the spine segment between L4-S3 was affected. The recovery status of the cases brought within the first 24 hours was better. When neurological conditions were examined, it was determined that, compared to cases without deep pain sensation, recovery rates were higher in cases with paraparesis and deep pain sensation. In the light of all these data, it was concluded that euthanasia would not be a priority choice in the first place, as there were also patients who recovered, albeit at a very low rate, among the cases without deep pain sensation.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the preferences of orthopedics and traumatology specialists in evaluating the spinopelvic relationship in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in Türkiye. Methods: Members of the Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Association (n=2485) were invited to fill out the questionnaire. The survey was created using Google Forms and distributed to participants via WhatsApp and Gmail by sharing the link. A total of 205 orthopedic surgeons responded and completed the questionnaire. The survey included 13 questions about the duration of their experience, the number of THA and spinal instrumentation procedures they performed, the dislocation rates they encountered after surgery, and the radiological assessments they performed for the spinopelvic relationship. Results: Sixty-three percent of the participants evaluated spinopelvic parameters in patients undergoing THA. Forty-seven percent of surgeons state that in their daily practice, they determine the angle of the acetabular component according to whether the spinal deformity is rigid, flexible, balanced, or unstable. While 88% of the participants stated the rate of encountering dislocation after primary THA as less than 2%, 12% of the participants stated it as more than 2%. It was observed that 40% of the surgeons with a prosthetic dislocation rate of more than 2% evaluated the spinopelvic relationship, while 67% of the surgeons with a dislocation rate of less than 2% evaluated the spinopelvic relationship. Conclusion: Approximately half of the orthopedic surgeons in Türkiye plan component placement in primary THA cases by considering the spinopelvic relationship. In order to increase awareness about the spinopelvic relationship, it would be beneficial to give more space to this subject in training programs and conferences. Level of Evidence: N/A.

İnsanlık tarihi boyunca varlığı koruma içgüdüsü, gelir dağılımında hakkaniyetten uzaklaşma ve çıkara dayalı çarpık ilişkiler gibi nedenlerle topluluklar arasında savaşlar sürüp gitmiştir. Cāhiliye dönemi Arap topluluklarında da benzer sebeplere dayalı savaşlar sıkça yaşanmıştır. Sınırlı sayıdaki su kaynaklarını ele geçirmek amacıyla çoğu defa hasım kabilelere baskınlar düzenlenmiş veya göğüs göğüse çarpışmalar meydana gelmiştir. Baskınlar ve savaşlar sırasında ele geçirilenler arasında kadınlar da yer almıştır. Yapılacak esir değiş tokuşu pazarlıklarında koz olarak kullanılmak üzere özellikle hatırı sayılır ailelere mensup kadınlar hedef seçilmiştir. Saray veya köşklerde refah içerisinde yaşayan elit tabakaya mensup kadınlar beklenmedik bir anda kendilerini hasım tarafın eline esir düşmüş olarak bulabilmişlerdir. Arkada gözleri yaşlı çocuklar, ebeveynler ve yakınlar bırakmışlardır. Bu çalışma, baskınlar ve savaşlar sırasında tutsak alınan kadınların akıbetlerinin ve karşılaştıkları muamelelerin Cāhiliye dönemi Arap şiirine olan yansımalarını ele almaktadır. Cāhiliye dönemi Arap şairlerine ait ilgili beyitler çalışmanın esasını oluşturmaktadır. Zira şair, yaşadığı çevrenin kültürünü, tanık olduğu hadiseleri ve hadiseler karşısındaki duygularını beyitlere yansıtır. Çalışma, şiirlerdeki tutsak kadın tasvirleri üzerinden Câhiliye döneminde savaşlar nedeniyle oluşan olumsuz durumu ortaya koymak bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada tarama, tasnif ve tahlil yöntemleri kullanılmıştır.

Background/Objectives: As an endocrine organ, adipose tissue produces adipokines that influence coronary artery disease (CAD). The objective of this study was to assess the potential value of CTRP5 and chemerin in differentiating coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) versus non-CAD. Secondarily, within the CCTA-confirmed CAD group, the aim was to investigate the relationship between the severity and extent of CAD, as determined by coronary artery calcium score (CACS), and the levels of CTRP5 and chemerin. Methods: Consecutive individuals with chest pain underwent CCTA to evaluate coronary artery anatomy and were divided into two groups. The CCTA-confirmed CAD group included patients with any atherosclerotic plaque (soft, mixed, or calcified) regardless of calcification, while the non-CAD group consisted of individuals without plaques on CCTA, with zero CACS, and without ischemia on stress ECG. Secondarily, in the CCTA-confirmed CAD group, the severity and extent of CAD were evaluated using CACS. Blood samples were collected and stored at −80 °C for analysis of CTRP5 and chemerin levels via ELISA. Results: Serum CTRP5 and chemerin levels were significantly higher in the CAD group compared to the non-CAD group (221.83 ± 103.81 vs. 149.35 ± 50.99 ng/mL, p = 0.003 and 105.02 ± 35.62 vs. 86.07 ± 19.47 ng/mL, p = 0.005, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that a CTRP5 cutoff of 172.30 ng/mL had 70% sensitivity and 73% specificity for identifying CAD, while a chemerin cutoff of 90.46 ng/mL had 61% sensitivity and 62% specificity. A strong positive correlation was observed between CTRP5 and chemerin, but neither adipokine showed a correlation with the Agatston score, a measure of CAD severity and extent, nor with coronary artery stenosis as determined by CCTA. Conclusions: CTRP5 and chemerin were significantly elevated in the CCTA-confirmed CAD group compared to the non-CAD group, with CTRP5 showing greater sensitivity and specificity. However, neither adipokine was linked to CAD severity and extent, differing from findings based on invasive coronary angiography (ICA). CTRP5 may serve as a promising “all-or-none biomarker” for CAD presence.

If asphalt pavements are exposed to cold weather conditions and high humidity for long periods of time, cracking of the pavement is an inevitable consequence. In such cases, it would be a good decision to focus on the filler material, which plays an important role in the performance variation in the hot asphalt mixtures used in the pavement. Although the use of hydrated lime as a filler material in hot asphalt mixtures is a common method frequently recommended to eliminate the adverse effects of low temperature and to keep moisture sensitivity under control in asphalt pavements, the sensitivity of the quantities of the material cannot be ignored. Therefore, in this study, an amount of filler in the mixture was replaced with hydrated lime (HL) filler additive at different rates of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. These asphalt briquettes, designed according to the Marshall method, have optimum asphalt contents for samples with specified HL content. In this study, where the temperature effect was examined at five different levels of −10 °C, −5 °C, 0 °C, 5 °C and 25 °C, the samples were produced in two different groups, conditioned and unconditioned, in order to examine the effect of water. The indirect tensile strength (ITS) test was applied on the produced samples. Experimental study showed that HL additive strengthened the material at low temperatures and made it more resistant to cold weather conditions and humidity. In the second part of the study, two different prediction models with varying configurations were introduced using nonlinear regression and feed-forward neural networks (FFNNs) and the best prediction performance among these was investigated. Examination of the performance measures of the prediction models indicated that ITS can be accurately predicted using both methods. As a result of comparing the developed models with the experimental data, the model provides significant contributions to the evaluation of the relationship between the ITS values obtained with the specified conditioning, temperature changes and HL contents.