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Copyright of Gazi Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Klimik Journal / Klimik Dergisi is the property of DOC Design & Informatics Co. Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Infection, Microbes & Antimicrobials is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: In this study, agents of candidemia and predictive factors in patients with haematological malignancy are evaluated. Methods: All positive blood culture results of inpatients in haematology unit between January 2006 and December 2013 were determined using laboratory information system. Blood cultures in which Candida species grew were evaluated. The data collected included demographic characteristics, underlying diseases, type of stem cell transplantation, absolute neutrophil counts, the causative Candida spp. and co-infecting fungi or bacteria, occurrence of chorioretinitis-endophthalmitis, occurrence of rash, antifungal therapies and risk factors like diabetes mellitus, dialysis, total parenteral nutrition, surgery, presence of central venous catheter and corticosteroid use. Results: In the 8-year period, among 1379 positive blood cultures, 67 (4.9%) were due to fungal species. The agents were 57 (85.1%) Candida spp., 3 (4.5%) Aspergillus spp., 3 (4.5%) Trichosporon spp., 2 (3%) Saccharomyces spp. and 2 (3%) Geotrichium spp. Among the Candida species, the most frequently isolated species were non-albicans Candida (86%) dominated by C. tropicalis (51%). Five (8.7%) patients had a concomitant bacterial or fungal bloodstream infection other than Candida spp. The concomitant organisms included C. tropicalis and Enterococcus faecium (n=2), C. kefyr and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=1), C. kefyr and Klebsiella sp. (n=1), and C. kefyr and C. glabrata (n=1). Caspofungin (33 patients, 57.9%) was the most frequently administered antifungal agent in candidemia, followed by amphotericin B (15 patients, 26.3%) and fluconazole (8 patients, 14%). Neutropenia (<500/mm3) was found to be associated with candidemias with non-albicans species. Conclusions: The proportion of bloodstream infections due to non-albicans Candida species was high (86%). This changing epidemiology must be taken into consideration for optimal empirical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Medical & Surgical Intensive Care Medicine / Dahili ve Cerrahi Yoğun Bakım Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Increased side effects, treatment failures, high morbidity, mortality and antimicrobial resistance are the results of inappropriate usage of antibiotics. In this study antibiotic consumption in a university hospital was evaluated. Methods: All inpatients that were receiving antimicrobial treatment at the hospital on the day of the survey were included in the study. The following data were collected: age and gender of the patient, hospital ward, existence of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (IDCM) consultation and compliance with consultation, dosage, route of administration and indication of the used antibiotics. Results: Of 1058 patients, 392 (37%) were receiving antimicrobial treatment and the total number of antimicrobials prescribed was 609 on the day of the survey. 57% of patients receiving antimicrobial treatment were in the intensive care units. Antimicrobial usage was appropriate in 291 (74.2%) patients while 101 (25.8%) received at least one inappropriate antimicrobial. The percentage of the appropriate antimicrobial usage was higher in internal medicine wards than in surgical wards (85% versus 65%) (p<0.001). Appropriateness of antibiotics which were prescribed without an IDCM consultation was also higher in internal medicine wards than in surgical wards (71% vs. 48%) (p<0.001). The most frequent cause of noncompliance with IDCM consultation was erroneous dosing. Appropriate antimicrobial usage was highest in restricted antimicrobial group of nationwide antibiotic restriction program (95%) and lowest in antimicrobial group which can be prescribed without any restriction (52%) (p<0.001). Of the antimicrobials used for prophylaxis, 69% were inappropriate while in 33%, prophylaxis was unnecessary. Interestingly, 6.5% of the antibiotics prescribed for targeted therapy were inappropriate. Conclusions: Judicious antibiotic usage is important for preventing antimicrobial resistance and reducing costs. As seen in our study, all prescribed antimicrobials should be monitored in terms of indication, dosage and adverse effects. Further improvement must be planned accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]