Search

We report on the pressure evolution of the electronic and crystal structures of the noncentrosymmetric antiferromagnet EuCoGe3. Using a diamond anvil cell, we performed high pressure fluorescence detected near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Eu L3, Co K, and Ge K edges and synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction. In the Eu L3 spectrum, both divalent and trivalent Eu peaks are observed from the lowest pressure measurement (~2 GPa). By increasing pressure, the relative intensity of the trivalent Eu peak increases, and an average Eu valence continuously increases from 2.2 at 2 GPa to 2.31 at~50 GPa. On the other hand, no discernible changes are observed in the Co K and Ge K spectra as a function of pressure. With the increase in pressure, lattice parameters continuously decrease without changing I4mm symmetry. Our study revealed a robust divalent Eu state and an unchanged crystal symmetry of EuCoGe3 against pressure., Accepted in PRB https://journals.aps.org/prb/accepted/b2073O6fL9e1ca40307905b1de5bf05de12d8fc1a

Among europium compounds, pressure induced valence transitions and/or intermediate valence states are often observed. In such systems, applying pressure of several GPa can drive a Eu valence from divalent to almost trivalent. Non-centrosymmetric EuRhGe3 possesses magnetic Eu2+ ions and exhibits antiferromagnetic ordering at ∼11 K at ambient pressure. Pressure resistant magnetic ordering and stable divalent Eu state have been reported in EuRhGe3. Here, we study the pressure evolution of the Eu valence of EuRhGe3 by high resolution x-ray absorption spectroscopy using the partial fluorescence yield method. Our study reveals a successive increase of the Eu valence with increasing pressure without any valence transition. The obtained mean Eu valence approaches ∼2.4 around 40 GPa at 300 K. The experimental data are also analyzed by a full multiplet configuration interaction calculation based on the single impurity Anderson model. The analysis reveals a decrease of the Eu 4f orbital occupation by applying pressure. Pressure evolution of the electronic structure studied by density functional theory suggests that the Rh ions have little contribution to the pressure evolution of the Eu valence, while it implies an active involvement of the Ge ions.

HinOTORI is a new telescope supported by an international collaboration project between China and Japan. It is a 50 centimeter telescope equipped with simultaneous three-color imagers (u', R C, and I C bands). It is located at Ali Observatory at an altitude of 5100m. Thanks to the high altitude and extreme dryness, Ali site is one of the most suitable sites for optical astrometry. HinOTORI telescope aims at detecting optical transients such as the counterparts of gravitational wave (GW) sources, supernovae, gamma-ray bursts (GRB) and so on. This paper describes the site information, design of simultaneous three-color optical layout, system instruments and whole control system. We also report some telescope characterisations for three bands (u'/R C/I C) respectively, such as Hartmann constant (0.49”/0.56”/0.60”), best focus position (3.922/3.920/3.903 mm), PSF FWHM size (3.755/3.328/3.167pixels), total transmittance and limiting magnitude (15.69/17.57/17.05mag, 10 σ 30 seconds exposure time). With different airmass observation data, the atmospheric extinction coefficients of three bands (0.366/0.061/0.026) were also derived.

The need for new materials is constantly growing as their use becomes more and more critical for technological advances. Materials come in a wide variety of structures, dimensionalities, and phases...

Ozone has been used an oxidation agent in various fields, and production of ozone with high efficiency and high concentration is required. In this study, ozone is produced in coaxial reactors using nanosecond pulsed power discharges. The ozone production with pulsed power discharges is efficient but relatively low-concentrated. In our previous studies, the ozone concentration increased with decrease of the diameter of the coaxial reactor. However, ozone concentration decreased in reversal by further decrease of the diameter of reactor. The surplus energy of applied pulse on the reactor is not consumed and causes long and large wave tail of applied voltage pulse. The wave tail can accelerate occurrence of spark discharges which are inefficient for discharge-chemical reaction. A control of the pulse wave tail on the reactor was investigated by using a winding resistor. Ozone concentration of 14-mm reactor became higher than 17-mm reactor. The effect of applied voltage between reactor electrodes was investigated by changing of charging voltage. Ozone concentration of 14-mm reactor was even or higher than 17-mm reactor. Additionally, the influence of mixed gas including nitrogen gas was investigated. Ozone concentration of 14-mm reactor increased with increase of nitrogen gas ratio from 0 % to 6%. Although spark discharge was prevented, ozone concentration was not sufficiently improved at all experiment.

Correction for 'Composition-dependent charge transfer and phase separation in the V

The substitution of vanadium in vanadium dioxide VO

The substitution of vanadium in vanadium dioxide VO2 influences the critical temperatures of structural and metal-to-insulator transitions in different ways depending on the valence of the dopant. Rhenium adopts valence states between + 4 and + 7 in an octahedral oxygen surrounding and is particularly interesting in this context. Structural investigation of V1-xRexO2 solid solutions (0.01

Correction for ‘Composition-dependent charge transfer and phase separation in the V1−xRexO2 solid solution’ by D. Mikhailova, et al., Dalton Trans., 2017, 46, 1606–1617.

We present magnetization, specific heat, and (27)Al NMR investigations on YbFe2Al10 over a wide range in temperature and magnetic field. The magnetic susceptibility at low temperatures is strongly enhanced at weak magnetic fields, accompanied by a ln(T0/T) divergence of the low-T specific heat coefficient in zero field, which indicates a ground state of correlated electrons. From our hard-x-ray photoemission spectroscopy study, the Yb valence at 50 K is evaluated to be 2.38. The system displays valence fluctuating behavior in the low to intermediate temperature range, whereas above 400 K, Yb(3+) carries a full and stable moment, and Fe carries a moment of about 3.1 μB. The enhanced value of the Sommerfeld-Wilson ratio and the dynamic scaling of the spin-lattice relaxation rate divided by T[(27)(1/T1T)] with static susceptibility suggests admixed ferromagnetic correlations. (27)(1/T1T) simultaneously tracks the valence fluctuations from the 4f Yb ions in the high temperature range and field dependent antiferromagnetic correlations among partially Kondo screened Fe 3d moments at low temperature; the latter evolve out of an Yb 4f admixed conduction band.

The electronic structure of IrO2 has been investigated using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density-functional theory. Excellent agreement is observed between theory and experiment. We show that the electronic structure of IrO2 involves crystal field splitting of the iridium 5d orbitals in a distorted octahedral field. The behavior of IrO2 closely follows the theoretical predictions of Goodenough for conductive rutile-structured oxides [J. B. Goodenough, J. Solid State Chem. 3, 490 (1971).

Dielectric, birefringence and voltage-transmission characteristics of novel cyclic enone compounds are reported. The new materials are shown to exhibit high dielectric anisotropies and modest refractive index anisotropies. These results are explained by structural and substituent effects and are in accordance with the results expected from molecular modelling. The analogy found between structural and physical properties may be used to design improved materials for TFT-LCDs. The use of cyclic enones as dopants to contribute to a reduction in the threshold voltage of liquid crystal mixtures for TFT-LCDs is foreseeable.

Synchrotron radiation is a new high-brilliance and high energy light source for photo processing. It has a remarkable potential as a tool of microfabrication, synthesization and modification of materials. We tried some types of microprocess for microsystem engineering using synchrotron radiation. Vacuum Ultra Violet region of SR is suitable for inducing photochemical reaction at material surfaces. As one of the application to microprocesses, periodic submicrometer resist patterns were formed by Spatial Period Division method. An approach of the SR excited photoetching using SF6 gas enables the achievement of anisotropic submicrometer SiO2 patterns. Furthermore photo-synthesization of epitaxial Si films are successfully grown on Si substrates at near room temperature (40 ∘C). Thus we propose a new type microprocess for material fabrication and synthesization with high accuracy using SR-excited photochemical reaction.

The airflow around a 2D square rib placed within a boundary layer is computed by means of a massive parallel computer. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved by a finite difference method with the well-known simulation method of ABMAC. The present paper deals with the implementation and optimization of this numerical method in connection with the massive parallel computer system, which is a MIMD (Multi-Instructions and Multi-Data Stream) computing system consisting of up to 1024 processors, each with 16 Mbytes of local memory. Parallelization of the algorithm is achieved by regional partitioning, i.e. grid partitioning; a grid system of 242 × 242 cells is divided into subdomains, and data belonging to each subdomain is distributed to each processor. Computations are carried out for different numbers of processors and for different algorithms of data exchange between the processors; the speedup ratio (i.e. increasing ratio of computing speed) and the efficiency of parallelization were measured. The results show that the communication method between individual processors and the size of the divided subdomains are rather crucial in their effects on granularity (i.e. the ratio of calculating time to communicating time for each processor).

The subject of airflow through large openings includes a large number of different problems, ranging from steady gravitational flows to fluctuating flows due to wind turbulence, and including recirculating flows caused by boundary layer effects in a thermally driven cavity. After a review describing the various physical phenomena, and the existing solutions available in the literature to solve this problem, we present in this paper a general solution to predict airflow through large vertical openings. This solution is able to take into account effects of density gradients and turbulence on gravitational flows, and is compatible with a pressure network description for multizone modelling of airflow in buildings.

SiO2 and Si3N4 films are shown to be removable by vacuum ultraviolet light irradiation with synchrotron radiation (SR) in an ultrahigh vacuum. The dependence of the photostimulated evaporation rate on substrate temperature shows that the reaction is induced by an electronic mechanism. Polycrystalline Si and crystal Si are unaffected by SR irradiation. By applying this reaction to the thin native oxide film grown during a wet pretreatment, Si surfaces can be cleaned at temperatures as low as 650 °C. Si(100)‐2×1 and Si(111)‐7×7 structures are observed by reflection high‐energy electron diffraction after a few hours irradiation. Two‐dimensional epitaxial growth by gas‐source molecular‐beam epitaxy with Si2H6 occurs selectively on the SR‐irradiated region of a Si(100) surface, indicating cleanliness and flatness of the irradiated area.

In this paper, a novel surface acoustic wave (SAW) continuous liquid flow actuator is described, its fabrication method and the liquid flow characteristics are also discussed.

A nationwide survey documented 117 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) transmitted from cadaveric dura mater grafts in Japan to September 2004. Of these, 110 patients were identified to have received the same type of lyophilized cadaveric dura mater graft during the period between 1978 and 1991. Incubation period from grafting to onset of symptoms varied from 16 months to 23 years, with most patients developing neurological symptoms after 2 to 15 years. We conducted q retrospective review of the full medical records of 107 of dura-related CJD (dCJD) patients. Patients were divided into two groups by site of neurosurgical or orthopedic procedure (supratentorial vs. infratentorial). Hemiparesis or hemianopsia developed as an initial manifestation in 31.9% of 47 patients with supratentorial grafts but did not develop among any of the infratentorial group (p

A fats imile broadcasting receiver has been developed which is compatible with the Group 3 facsimile in both its transmitting and receiving functions. The receiver has a thermal transfer printer and a high resolution LCD. Therefore both hard and soft copies are available.

A field test and an accelerated aging test with composite hollow insulators were conducted to evaluate long-term reliability and predict longevity. An 84 kV gas circuit breaker with composite hollow insulators was subjected to field test at Chita substation, Chubu Electric Power Company in 1996. This field test is scheduled for completion in 2004. An accelerated aging test with a small composite hollow insulators was conducted for up to 5,000 hours with the conditions specified in IEC 61109 Annex-C. Appearances, hydrophobicity, and surface deterioration were periodically analyzed. It was found that green algae deposited on the surface of some portions of the housing rubber of field test specimens, but was not associated with significant deterioration. Erosion developed on the housing of the specimens subjected to the accelerated aging test for 4,000 hours, and 5,000 hours. The number of eroded traces increased with time. Slight deterioration was found even on the areas without erosion analyzed by Fourier Transform Infra-red Ray spectroscopy.

A ceramic pin grid array (PGA) with improved 40- mu m-line thin-film aluminum metallization is described. Fine pitch bonding on 120- mu m centers has been successfully implemented. The 400-pin array package is no larger than the previous 240-pin packages. Worst-case capacitances of 1.94 pF, and inductances of 8.5 nH, have been achieved with further reductions possible. The thermal resistance of the package is 6.5 degrees C/W using an aluminum cap with aluminum fins and solder glass sealing. >

A multifunction communication terminal (MFT) which can perform such functions as videotex, teletext, PC communication, mail, and so on has been developed. A book type wireless remote controller was developed for efficient utilization of these functions. >

Satellite broadcasting services are currently provided in Japan using four orbital positions, one operates in the BSS band (11.7 to 12.2 GHz) and the other operates in the FSS band (12.2 to 12.75 GHz). A number of satellites located in different orbital positions will be provided in the future. A commonly used dish antenna can receive signals from only one satellite at a time. A multihorn-feed reflector antenna can receive signals simultaneously from several satellites in different orbital positions, but the number of satellites may be limited by the arrangement of the feed horns. A multi-beam phased-array antenna can receive signals simultaneously from a great number of satellites in different orbital positions. This paper describes the fundamental design of a multi-beam receiving antenna and measured results of an experimental model.

Ulcerative colitis(UC) is an ulcero inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology affecting only the mucosa and submucosa of colon and, with Crohn's disease, is included in the term idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. The macroscopic and microscopic features vary according to the stage of the disease process, and an acute phase and a chronic or resolving phase can be recognized. The main differential diagnosis of UC is with colorectal Crohn's disease. The most feared long-term complication of UC is cancer. The progression of UC to carcinoma is closely associated with dysplasia arising in multiple sites. The dysplastic changes should be distinguished from the epithelial changes resulting from regenerative atypia, and the evaluation of these changes is difficult. P53 immunohistochemical staining is helpful in confirming the presence of dysplasia. Molecular events in colorectal carcinogenesis of UC may be somewhat different from those of so-called adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

MRI in a 5-year-old girl with Guillain-Barre syndrome showed marked enhancement of nerve roots in the region of the conus medullaris and cauda equina. This enhancement gradually disappeared after high-dose immunoglobulin therapy. This characteristic finding of MRI may have diagnostic utility and represent the clinical course of the disease.

In the present study, the distribution of water content in the membrane of PEFC was analyzed by using a numerical simulation as well as understanding the behavior of internal moisture of PEFC. Eight parameters were selected for the simulation then 18 combinations of the parameters were allocated by design of experiments, thus the data obtained were analyzed by multiple regression analysis to understand the influence factor of operating conditions quantitatively. As a result, the influence of the operating parameters on the dryness of the membrane for the anode side and the cathode side of PEFC was quantitatively shown by using the method of the multiple regression analysis. Further it was found that the area where cerium carbonate ought to be coated for preventing the degradation without decreasing performance.

This paper describes the evaluation method of the mechanical properties of the materials constituting organic semiconductor, and the test result of the relation between applied strain and the fracture of thin films. The final target of this work is the improvement of flexibility of organic light emitting diode(OLED), the tensile test of the thin films coated on flexible substrate is conducted, and the vulnerable parts of the constituent material of the OLED is quantitatively understood, further the guideline for designing OLED structure will be obtained. In the present paper, tensile test of an aluminium oxide thin films deposited on a poly-ethylene-tere-phtalate (PET) substrate was carried out under constant conditions, the following results were obtained:(1)Cracking of the aluminium oxide thin films was observed using an optical transparent formula microscope at more than 40 times magnification; (2)Cracking was initiated at a strain of about 3%; (3)the number of cracks increased proportional to the strain, and saturated at about 9% strain; (4)Organic thin films α-NPD caused the same cracking as oxide thin films.

We investigated the age-related changes of renal cytochrome P450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolism in 3-, 5-, 7-, 9-, 11-, 13- and 20-week-old male Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and -resistant (DR) rats on a low sodium diet (0.3% NaCl). NADPH-dependent arachidonic acid metabolism was separated and measured by a radio-HPLC system. The formation of 19-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), 20 HETE, 1,20-dioic acid, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) was age dependent in both DS and DR rats. omega-Hydroxylase (20-HETE and 1,20-dioic acid formation) and (omega-1)-hydroxylase (19-HETE formation) were increased from 3 to 5 weeks age, then decreased with aging in DR rats. Whilst omega/(omega-1)-hydroxylase activities were increased from 3- to 9-week-old rats, they decreased with aging in DS rats. omega/(omega-1)-Hydroxylase activities were higher in 3-5-week-old DR than DS rats. Epoxygenase activities (EETs and DHET formations) were highest in 3-week-old DS and DR rats, and showed no significant differences between two strains of rats at any ages tested. Renal cytochrome P450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites have a wide and contrasting spectrum of biological and renal effects, and their relative rates of production may influence not only renal hemodynamics but also pro- and antihypertensive mechanisms of hypertension in Dahl rats.

Receptors for estrogen and for androgen in the nucleus and cytosol (ERn, ERc, ARn, and ARc, respectively) were studied on two newly established human esophageal carcinoma cell lines, ES-25C and ES-8C. ES-25C was ERn+ (the binding content 4.0 fmol/mg protein, Kd 0.09 nM), ERc-, ARn-, and ARc-. No receptors were found in ES-8C. Various doses of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) were added in vitro to investigate its effect on the growth of these cell lines. No effect of E2 was observed on ER--ES-8C cell line. The growth of ES-25C cell was significantly inhibited at the doses of 10(-10) and 10(-12) mol/l E2 compared with the control. The doubling time of 10(-12) mol/l E2-treated cells was 32 hours whereas that of control was 20 hours. This slower growth was reflected in the deduction of cells in S-phase utilizing 5-bromo 2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. The current results strongly suggest that the growth inhibition of ER+ esophageal cancer cell by E2 is mediated by signal transduction induced by the estrogen-estrogen receptor system.

A number of deposition techniques for cubic BN films from the vapor phase at low pressures have been proposed. We show that the essential factor for creating cubic BN films is a negative self-bias applied to the substrate. The optical and mechanical properties of the deposited films are characterized by reflectance and stress measurements, respectively.

Magneto-optical video disk drive whose recording modulation method is the FM has been developed. The SNratio over 45 dB and the horizontal resolution of 400 lines were obtained. These experimental results agree well with theoretical prediction.1. INTRODUCTION VkieoVCRs are currently used for recording moving pictures. But they / have disadvantages of low access speed. Video disks which provides / movies are known for their high quality, and high resolution pictures, Audio I and have advantages of high speed random access and a non contact diskperformance. The problem, however, is that the systems are for pre-re- 76 MHz MHz corded disk only, recording is not available. i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Frequency (MHz)On the other hand, magneto-optical disk memory, whose character- .istics are suitable for digital code storage, has been commercialized to . . . . . . . Figure 1 . Frequency allocation . . of direct frequency modulation . the personal computer s external storage. Under these circumstance, itis very useful to apply this re-writable magneto-optical disk to video 70recording.60There are two ways to store moving pictures. One is by digital 50recording '

Agarose gel electrophoresis and immunofixation of CSF and serum from 16 patients aged from 1 day to 13 years with CNS infectious diseases (5 with purulent meningitis, 5 with aseptic meningitis, 4 with acute encephalitis, 1 with subdural empyema and 1 with SSPE) revealed oligoclonal IgG bands in 10 cases. In 4 cases, a high CSF/serum albumin ratio was recognized without an increase of IgG-index, probably representing a systemic immune response. Neither IgA nor IgM bands were recognized. IgG light chain was examined in 7 cases and IgG kappa bands predominated in 6 cases. IgG lambda bands predominance presented in only one case. Free IgG kappa or lambda chain was not found. These results suggested that the measurement of not only IgG-index but oligoclonal bands may have a diagnostic usefulness to know about local production of immunoglobulins in CSF.

A simple method of fabricating blazed diffraction gratings using synchrotron radiation lithography was developed that employs an ordinary binary mask with a line-and-space pattern, a step-and-expose procedure that provides a linear cumulative-dose distribution, and a thick resist with a linear sensitivity curve. This method enables the fabrication of blazed gratings with a grating pitch of 1μm and a blaze angle of 15°–40°. The angle and pitch can be changed by changing the dose from step to step and/or by using mask spaces of different widths.

The effective dielectric permittivity of microstrip-line-type liquid crystal devices was determined in the 3-33 GHz frequency range by using a newly developed inductive coupled ring resonator. The frequency performance of /spl epsiv/'/sub /spl par// and /spl epsiv/'/sub /spl perp// can be obtained from the measured and simulated resonant frequencies of an inductive coupled ring resonator with or without a DC electric field E/sub 0/.