45 results on '"Xuyu Li"'
Search Results
2. Association of air temperature exposure during pregnancy with risk of preeclampsia in Guangzhou, China
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Shanshui Zeng, Haojing Liu, Bingyu Li, Xuanjie Guo, Shulei Chen, Xuyu Li, Jiarui Liang, Huaaishi Liang, Tingting Shen, Yan Long, Hongwei Zhou, and Dongxin Zhang
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Pregnancy ,Preeclampsia ,Ambient temperature ,Temperature exposure ,BMI ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Environmental exposures during pregnancy have been associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. However, limited and inconsistent evidence exists regarding the association between air temperature exposure and the risk of preeclampsia (PE). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between ambient temperature exposure during pregnancy and PE risk, as well as identify the specific time window of temperature exposure that increases PE risk. A population-based cohort study was conducted from January 2012 to April 2022 in Guangzhou, China. Pregnant women were recruited in early pregnancy and followed until delivery. A total of 3,314 PE patients and 114,201 normal pregnancies were included. Ambient temperature exposures at different gestational weeks were recorded for each participant. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the correlation between ambient temperature exposure and PE risk. Stratified analyses were conducted based on maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI. Distributed lag models were employed to identify the time window of temperature exposure related to PE. Exposure to extreme high temperature (aOR = 1.24, 95 % CI 1.12–1.38) and moderate high temperature (aOR = 1.22, 95 % CI 1.10–1.35) during early pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of PE. Furthermore, women with higher pre-pregnancy BMI had a higher risk of developing PE when exposed to high temperature during early pregnancy compared to normal-weight women. The time window of temperature exposure related to PE was identified as pregnancy weeks 1 to 8. This study provides evidence for the association of high temperature exposure during early pregnancy with the risk of PE, as well as identifies the specific time window of temperature exposure related to PE. These findings have implications for developing potential strategies to protect pregnant women, particularly those with higher pre-pregnancy BMI, from the adverse effects of extreme temperatures during early pregnancy.
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- 2024
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3. The Efficacy and Safety of Tislelizumab as Adjuvant Treatment for Advanced or Metastatic Bladder Cancer in People Living With HIV: A Retrospective Multi-Center Study
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Menghua Wu PhD, Xin Zheng PhD, Xudong Wang MD, Xuyu Li MD, Yu Zhang PhD, and Jimao Zhao PhD
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Background People living with HIV (PLWH) have a worse prognosis than the general population. Locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) in PLWH has gradually been increasing in recent years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors can improve antitumor activity in the general population, but relevant data in PLWH are unknown. We thus evaluated the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab in PLWH with locally advanced or metastatic BCa. Methods This retrospective study included 24 patients with locally advanced or metastatic BCa, both HIV positive or negative who underwent tislelizumab treatment (200 mg i.v. every 3 weeks, Q3W) from the multi-centers between December 2019 and March 2022. Demographic details, clinical data, and cancer status were collected. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were recorded and evaluated. Results A total of 24 individuals were chosen for this study, 10 had HIV and the other 14 did not. The median OS in the HIV-negative group was 62.3 (95% CI, 52.6 to 72.2) was no longer than that of the PLWH group 41.9 (95% CI, 32.9 to 51.0) weeks (HR .7, [95% CI, .17 to 3.30], P = .70). Furthermore, the median PFS in the HIV-negative group was 50.0 (95% CI, 36.2 to 63.9) was also no longer than that of the PLWH group 35.9 (95% CI, 25.5 to 46.3) (HR, 1.34, [95% CI, .38 to 4.69], P = .63). Of 24 patients, treatment-related adverse events, grade 3 or 4 occurred in 2 in the PLWH group and 3 in the HIV-negative group. Conclusion This retrospective multi-center study suggested that tislelizumab may provide encouraging antitumor activity and could be generally well tolerated. In this retrospective analysis of patients with locally advanced or metastatic BCa, it seems that PLWH may have similar overall and progression-free survival compared to HIV-negative cases.
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- 2023
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4. Experimental Investigation of the Machining Characteristics in Graphite-Powder-Mixed Electrochemical Discharge Machining of Microholes in Glass
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Weidong Tang, Jikai Yao, Jize Zhang, Quancai Zhao, Lixiang Fan, Cong Mao, Xiaoming Kang, Xuyu Li, and Shuhan Chen
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electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) ,microhole ,glass ,graphite powder ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
The effect of graphite powder on the machining characteristics in graphite-powder-mixed electrochemical discharge machining of microholes was still not clear. How the discharge mechanism changed with the addition of graphite powder into the electrolyte, which further led to changes in the morphology of the machined holes, remained to be revealed. In this study, a series of microhole machining experiments were conducted in glass. Comparisons of the discharge energy, microhole entrance diameter, hole taper, and tool electrode morphology after machining were made when machining in the electrolytes with and without graphite powder. Experimental results revealed that there were a lot of small pulse currents distributed on the current waveform when machining with the graphite-powder-mixed electrolyte. The average discharge energy of the small pulse current was 2.8 times as much as that of the general electrochemical discharge. After introducing graphite powder into the electrolyte, the entrance diameter of the hole became larger when the hole depth was deeper than 200 μm. The HAZ width increased with increasing hole depth at the voltage of 37–41 V, while it decreased at the voltage of 43 V. A reduction in hole taper angle with a range of 0.5° to 2.3° was achieved. In addition, after machining in electrolytes with and without graphite powder, the tool electrode surfaces showed different morphologies due to different discharges.
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- 2023
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5. Experimental Study on the Compatibility of PD Flexible UHF Antenna Sensor Substrate with SF6/N2
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Xukun Hu, Guozhi Zhang, Guangyu Deng, and Xuyu Li
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flexible UHF antenna sensor ,flexible base ,DC gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) ,compatibility ,SF6/N2 gas mixture ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
The use of flexible, built-in, ultra-high-frequency (UHF) antenna sensors is an effective method to solve the weak high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal sensing of partial discharge (PD) inside gas-insulated switchgears (GISs), and the compatibility of flexible UHF antenna sensor substrate materials and SF6/N2 mixtures is the key to the realization of a flexible UHF antenna sensor inside a GIS. Based on this, this paper builds an experimental platform for the compatibility of a 30% SF6/70% N2 gas mixture and a PD flexible UHF antenna sensor substrate and conducts compatibility experiments between the 30% SF6/70% N2 gas mixture and PD flexible UHF antenna sensor substrate under different temperatures in combination with the actual operating temperature range of the GIS. In this article, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer were used to test and analyze the gas composition, the surface morphology and the elemental change in the PD flexible UHF antenna sensor substrate, respectively. PET material will be slightly oxidized under the environment of a 30% SF6/70% N2 gas mixture at 110 °C, PI material will generate metal fluoride under the environment of a 30% SF6/70% N2 gas mixture and only PDMS material will remain stable under the environment of a 30% SF6/70% N2 gas mixture; therefore, it is appropriate to use PDMS substrate in the development of flexible UHF antenna sensors.
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- 2023
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6. Perilla Leaf Extract (PLE) Attenuates COPD Airway Inflammation via the TLR4/Syk/PKC/NF-κB Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro
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Jiqiao Yuan, Xuyu Li, Nan Fang, Ping Li, Ziqian Zhang, Mingbao Lin, and Qi Hou
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PLE ,COPD ,airway inflammation ,TLR4 ,Syk ,PKC ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation but still lacking effective treatments. Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., an important traditional medicinal plant with excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is widely used for the treatment of respiratory disease in China. However, its protective activity and mechanism against COPD airway inflammation have not been fully studied. Here, the anti-inflammatory effects of the PLE were investigated, and its underlying mechanisms were then elucidated. The presented results suggested a notable effect of the PLE on airway inflammation of COPD, by significantly ameliorating inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue, lessening leukocytes (lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages) and inflammatory mediators (interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-17A, interferon γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of cigarette smoke (CS)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced COPD mice in vivo and inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors (nitric oxide (NO), IL-6, and TNF-α) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells in vitro. For further extent, PLE treatment significantly suppressed the expression and phosphorylation of TLR4, Syk, PKC, and NF-κB p65 in vivo and their mRNA in vitro. Subsequently, by co-treating with their inhibitors in vitro, its potential mechanism via TLR4/Syk/PKC/NF-κB p65 signals was disclosed. In summary, the obtained results indicated a noteworthy effective activity of the PLE on COPD inflammation, and partly, the TLR4/Syk/PKC/NF-κB p65 axis might be the potential mechanism.
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- 2022
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7. Comparative RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis on Pulmonary Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Asthma–COPD Overlap Syndrome
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Pei Ma, Shuyi Li, Hui Yang, Jiqiao Yuan, Ziqian Zhang, Xuyu Li, Nan Fang, Mingbao Lin, and Qi Hou
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ACO ,mouse model ,pulmonary inflammation ,RNA-seq transcriptome analysis ,molecular mechanisms ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized to describe patients with both asthma and COPD clinical characteristics, which has posed a serious threat to patients’ quality of life and life safety. However, there are many difficulties and uncertainties in its diagnosis and treatment in clinic; especially, its animal model has not been fully and thoroughly established, and the evaluation of therapeutic drugs is still in its infancy. Here, we used ovalbumin (OVA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and smoke costimulation to establish an ACO mouse model and then used RNA-seq technology to detect gene expression in mouse lung tissue. The results showed that ACO mice showed an overlap syndrome of asthma and COPD in lung histological changes and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The RNA-seq analysis results showed that 6,324 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between the ACO group and the control group, of which 2,717 (42.7%) were downregulated, and 3,607 (57.3%) were upregulated. Metascape analysis results showed that in the ACO model we established, due to the damage of the respiratory system, the accumulated diseased tissue involves lung, spleen, blood, bone marrow, thymus, etc. It has certain characteristics of pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive airway disease, lung tumors, rheumatoid arthritis. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in inflammation, immune system activation and imbalance, cell proliferation, and adhesion migration, and the upstream signaling pathways of inflammation were mainly affected by HLA-DRA, SYK, CTLA4, VAV1, NRAS, and JAK3. In short, our research established a mouse model that can better simulate the clinicopathological characteristics of ACO and suggested the foundations in elucidating the molecular mechanisms for pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in ACO. This work may help further research and contribute substantially to prevention and clinical treatment of ACO in the future.
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- 2021
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8. Apriori Algorithm for the Data Mining of Global Cyberspace Security Issues for Human Participatory Based on Association Rules
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Zhi Li, Xuyu Li, Runhua Tang, and Lin Zhang
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association rules ,data mining ,network sovereignty ,cyberspace security ,Apriori algorithm ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
This study explored the global cyberspace security issues, with the purpose of breaking the stereotype of people’s cognition of cyberspace problems, which reflects the relationship between interdependence and association. Based on the Apriori algorithm in association rules, a total of 181 strong rules were mined from 40 target websites and 56,096 web pages were associated with global cyberspace security. Moreover, this study analyzed support, confidence, promotion, leverage, and reliability to achieve comprehensive coverage of data. A total of 15,661 sites mentioned cyberspace security-related words from the total sample of 22,493 professional websites, accounting for 69.6%, while only 735 sites mentioned cyberspace security-related words from the total sample of 33,603 non-professional sites, accounting for 2%. Due to restrictions of language, the number of samples of target professional websites and non-target websites is limited. Meanwhile, the number of selections of strong rules is not satisfactory. Nowadays, the cores of global cyberspace security issues include internet sovereignty, cyberspace security, cyber attack, cyber crime, data leakage, and data protection.
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- 2021
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9. Towards Optimizing Spatial Perception of Embedded-Object Visualizations in Optical See-Through Mixed Reality.
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Priyansh Jalan, Xuyu Li, and John Dingliana
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- 2024
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10. Comparative analysis of clinical treatment of HIV positive and HIV negative bladder cancer patients
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Yu, Zhang Yu, primary, Xiaolin, Su Xiaolin, additional, Xuyu, Li Xuyu, additional, Wenrui, Xue Wenrui, additional, Xin, Wang Xin, additional, Xudong, Wang Xudong, additional, Pengfei, Yuan Pengfei, additional, Zhixing, Han Zhixing, additional, Haijian, Zhang Haijian, additional, Yurun, Liang Yurun, additional, Yi, Cui Yi, additional, Qingjun, Liu Qingjun, additional, and Shiqi, Ji Shiqi, additional
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- 2022
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11. Perilla Leaf Extract Attenuates Asthma Airway Inflammation by Blocking the Syk Pathway
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Hui Yang, Wei Sun, Jiqiao Yuan, Shuyi Li, Xuyu Li, Qi Hou, Fan Yannan, Mingbao Lin, and Ziqian Zhang
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Article Subject ,Immunology ,Syk ,Pharmacology ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Allergic inflammation ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Pathology ,medicine ,RB1-214 ,Animals ,Lung ,Inflammation ,Arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone ,Perilla frutescens ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Chemistry ,NF-kappa B ,Cell Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Asthma ,respiratory tract diseases ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,Bronchoalveolar lavage ,Leukocytes, Mononuclear ,Perilla ,Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ,Rottlerin ,Research Article ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton is a classic herbal plant used widely against asthma in China. But its mechanism of beneficial effect remains undermined. In the study, the antiallergic asthma effects of Perilla leaf extract (PLE) were investigated, and the underlying mechanism was also explored. Results showed that PLE treatment significantly attenuated airway inflammation in OVA-induced asthma mice, by ameliorating lung pathological changes, inhibiting recruitment of inflammatory cells in lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines in the BALF, and reducing the level of immunoglobulin in serum. PLE treatment suppressed inflammatory response in antigen-induced rat basophilic leukemia 2H3 (RBL-2H3) cells as well as in OVA-induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Furthermore, PLE markedly inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of Syk, NF-κB, PKC, and cPLA2 both in vivo and in vitro. By cotreating with inhibitors (BAY61-3606, Rottlerin, BAY11-7082, and arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone) in vitro, results revealed that PLE’s antiallergic inflammatory effects were associated with the inhibition of Syk and its downstream signals NF-κB, PKC, and cPLA2. Collectively, the present results suggested that PLE could attenuate allergic inflammation, and its mechanism might be partly mediated through inhibiting the Syk pathway.
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- 2021
12. Multiple Components Rapidly Screened from Perilla Leaves Attenuate Asthma Airway Inflammation by Synergistic Targeting on Syk
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Qi Hou, Wei Sun, Ziqian Zhang, Xuyu Li, Mingbao Lin, Chun-Suo Yao, Pei Ma, Jiqiao Yuan, Hui Yang, Fan Yannan, and Shuyi Li
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0301 basic medicine ,Perilla frutescens ,biology ,Rosmarinic acid ,Immunology ,Syk ,hemic and immune systems ,Inflammation ,Pharmacology ,Perilla ,biology.organism_classification ,In vitro ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,In vivo ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,medicine.symptom ,Protein kinase C - Abstract
Background Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., a classic medicinal plant, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects in asthma. Perilla leaves extract (PLE) exerted significant therapeutic effect against allergic asthma inflammation through Syk inhibition. But the active chemical ingredients from PLE are complex and unclear, it is difficult to fully elucidate its pharmacological mechanisms. Methods A method was established for rapid screening and characterization of active ingredients from PLE that targeted Syk, with which three potential active ingredients were identified. By using OVA-induced allergic asthma mouse model in vivo, OVA-induced human PBMCs inflammation model and DNP-IgE/BSA-induced RBL-2H3 cells model in vitro, the effects and mechanisms of PLE and its active components were evaluated. Results Using Syk-affinity screening method, roseoside (RosS), vicenin-2 (Vic-2) and rosmarinic acid (RosA) were identified from PLE. In vitro, PLE and its ingredients showed significant inhibitory activities against Syk, with their mixture (Mix, prepared by RosS, Vic-2 and RosA in accordance with their ratio in Syk-conjugated beads bound fraction) showing a stronger inhibitory activity. RosS, Vic-2 and RosA also showed significant effects on allergic asthma, and a synergistic effect of Mix was observed. Moreover, treatment with PLE, RosS, Vic-2, RosA, and Mix significantly inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of Syk, PKC, NF-κB p65, and cPLA2 in allergic mice lung tissue and in RBL-2H3 cells. Conclusion PLE may alleviate allergic airway inflammation partly through the multiple components synergistic targeting on Syk and its downstream inflammatory pathway.
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- 2020
13. LncRNA PTAR activates the progression of bladder cancer by modulating miR-299-3p/CD164 axis
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Zhixing Han, Ye Tian, Qingjun Liu, Yuqian Zhao, Shiqi Ji, Haijian Zhang, Xudong Wang, and Xuyu Li
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Cell Biology ,Endolyn ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,MicroRNAs ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Humans ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Receptors, Chemokine ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Cell Proliferation - Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) occurs in the urinary system which has high incidence and mortality. During past decades, lots of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to function in cancer progression, including BC. In our research, we targeted at investigating the functions and mechanisms of lncRNA pro-transition associated RNA (PTAR) in BC. Functional assays were implemented to access the changes of BC cell phenotype. Mechanistic assays were applied for confirming the interaction between RNAs. Based on the collected data, PTAR expression was high in BC cells and silenced PTAR repressed BC cell proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities but improved cell apoptotic ability. In vivo study also verified PTAR depletion inhibited BC tumor growth. Furthermore, miR-299-3p was confirmed to bind with PTAR and its overexpression suppressed malignant behaviors of BC cells. Cluster of differentiation 164 (CD164) was proved to be miR-299-3p target. Rescue experiments implied overexpressed CD164 offset the inhibitory function of PTAR depletion on BC cell phenotype. Additionally, CD164 was uncovered to combine with C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) to switch on PI3K/AKT pathway. To conclude, PTAR facilitates BC development via regulating miR-299-3p/CD164 axis and activating PI3K/AKT pathway.
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- 2022
14. Bladder cancer in patients with HIV infection: a retrospective study of 14 cases
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Yu, Zhang, primary, Wenrui, Xue, additional, Xuyu, Li, additional, Xudong, Wang, additional, Pengfei, Yuan, additional, Qingjun, Liu, additional, Zhixing, Han, additional, Haijian, Zhang, additional, and Shiqi, Ji, additional
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- 2022
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15. In-Situ Synthesis of Melanin in Tumor with Engineered Probiotics for Hyperbaric Oxygen-Synergized Photothermal Immunotherapy
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Jun Hu, Yi Xiao, Dongdong Wang, Ban Luo, Xue Chen, Yuzhu Yao, Cheng Song, Puze Li, Xuyu Li, Hong Zhang, Xiaohua Zhu, and Xiangliang Yang
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- 2022
16. In-situ synthesis of melanin in tumor with engineered probiotics for hyperbaric oxygen-synergized photothermal immunotherapy
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Yi Xiao, Dongdong Wang, Ban Luo, Xue Chen, Yuzhu Yao, Cheng Song, Meichan Wu, Puze Li, Xuyu Li, Hong Zhang, Xiaohua Zhu, Xiangliang Yang, and Jun Hu
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Biomedical Engineering ,Pharmaceutical Science ,General Materials Science ,Bioengineering ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
17. Syk-Targeted, a New 3-Arylbenzofuran Derivative EAPP-2 Blocks Airway Inflammation of Asthma–COPD Overlap in vivo and in vitro
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Ziqian Zhang, Nan Fang, Jiqiao Yuan, Shuyi Li, Qi Hou, Mingbao Lin, Xuyu Li, and Yang Hui
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0301 basic medicine ,EAPP-2 ,Immunology ,Syk ,Inflammation ,asthma–COPD overlap ,NF-κB ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,NLRP3 ,In vivo ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Asthma ,Original Research ,ACO ,COPD ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,In vitro ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Phosphorylation ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Journal of Inflammation Research - Abstract
Shuyi Li, Yang Hui, Jiqiao Yuan, Ziqian Zhang, Xuyu Li, Nan Fang, Mingbao Lin, Qi Hou Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mingbao Lin; Qi Hou Tel +86-10-63165192; +86-10-63165191Email mingbaolin@imm.cams.cn; houq@imm.ac.cnIntroduction: Asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) overlap (ACO) coexists with asthma and COPD syndrome characteristics, with more frequent exacerbations, heavier disease burden, higher medical utilization, and even lower quality of life. However, the ACO standard medications supported by evidence-based medicine have not yet appeared.Methods: By using an ACO mouse model established previously and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro, a potential therapeutic candidate, EAPP-2, was screened from derivatives of 3-arylbenzofuran, and its effect and mechanism on ACO inflammation were evaluated.Results: EAPP-2 significantly alleviated airway inflammation in ACO mice and also inhibited the inflammatory reactions in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, EAPP-2 significantly inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), a common target regulating both eosinophils and neutrophils inflammation. In addition to this, EAPP-2 significantly down-regulates the expression of NF-κB, p-NF-κB, and NLRP3 in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, by using specific inhibitors in vitro, it was validated that EAPP-2 targeted on Syk and then regulated its downstream NF-κB and NLRP3.Conclusion: EAPP-2 is shown to be a potentially useful therapeutic candidate for ACO, and its mechanism is at least partially achieved by targeting on Syk and then inhibiting NF-κB or NLRP3. Moreover, this study suggests that Syk may be a potentially effective target for ACO therapy.Keywords: EAPP-2, asthma–COPD overlap, ACO, Syk, NF-κB, NLRP3
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- 2021
18. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of sinomenine derivatives on rings A and C: Novel compounds screening for aplastic anemia targeting on cytotoxic T lymphocyte
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Qi Hou, Jiqiao Yuan, Mingbao Lin, Ziqian Zhang, Xuyu Li, Nan Fang, Teng-Fei Ji, and Hongjian Wang
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Male ,T cell ,Mice, Inbred Strains ,Pharmacology ,Mice ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Immune system ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Animals ,Cytotoxicity ,IC50 ,Sinomenine ,Cells, Cultured ,Cluster of differentiation ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Molecular Structure ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Anemia, Aplastic ,General Medicine ,CTL ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Morphinans ,Antirheumatic Agents ,Drug Design ,T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic - Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), a key effector cell in aplastic anemia (AA) immune injury, is shown to be a potential target for AA drug therapy. However, there is no candidate for this target till now. Oriented by the inhibition activity of CTL and macrophage derived nitric oxide (NO), a series of novel sinomenine derivatives on rings A and C are designed, synthesized and screened. Among them, compound 3a demonstrates the best inhibitory activity on CTL with an IC50 value of 2.3 μM, and a 97.1% inhibiton rate on macrophage NO production without significant cytotoxicity. Further, compound 3a exhibits substantial therapeutic efficacy on immune-mediated BM failure in AA model mice by improving the symptoms of anemia and the function of BM hematopoiesis, and shows more advantages in life quality improving than cyclosporine A (CsA). Its efficacy on AA at least partly comes from targeting on activated cluster of differentiation (CD)8+ T cell. Additionally, 3a also shows much less toxicity (LD50 > 10.0 g/kg) than sinomenine (LD50 = 1.1 g/kg) in preliminary acute toxicity assessment in mice, and has a low risk to inhibit hERG to cause cardiotoxicity. These results indicate that compound 3a merits further investigation for AA treatment by targeting on CTL.
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- 2021
19. Au Hollow Nanorods-Chimeric Peptide Nanocarrier for NIR-II Photothermal Therapy and Real-time Apoptosis Imaging for Tumor Theranostics
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Jin Zhang, Xinxin Dai, Kai Cai, Yongli Mu, Mohamed F. Foda, Zhaoyu Ma, Heyou Han, Xuyu Li, and Weiyun Zhang
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Infrared Rays ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Au hollow nanorods ,Mice, Nude ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Apoptosis ,Photodynamic therapy ,Peptide ,02 engineering and technology ,chimeric peptide ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Theranostic Nanomedicine ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Peptide synthesis ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Photosensitizer ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,reduced skin damage ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nanotubes ,Photosensitizing Agents ,NIR-II photothermal therapy ,Hyperthermia, Induced ,Neoplasms, Experimental ,Phototherapy ,Photothermal therapy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Drug Liberation ,Photochemotherapy ,chemistry ,real-time apoptosis imaging ,Biophysics ,Nanomedicine ,Female ,Nanorod ,Gold ,Nanocarriers ,Peptides ,0210 nano-technology ,Research Paper ,HeLa Cells - Abstract
The strategy that combines photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) is widely used to achieve strong antitumor efficiency. Since light in the NIR-II window possesses ideal penetration ability, developing NIR-II PTT and NIR-II light triggered photosensitizer release for combined PDT and PTT is very promising in nanomedicine. Methods: We develop a novel nanocarrier (termed AuHNRs-DTPP) by conjugating photosensitizer contained chimeric peptide (DTPP) to Au hollow nanorods (AuHNRs). AuHNRs was obtained by a Te-templated method with the assistance of L-cysteine. The chimeric peptide PpIX-PEG8-GGK(TPP)GRDEVDGC (DTPP) was obtained through a solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method. Results: Under the 1064 nm laser irradiation, the nanocarrier can accumulate heat quickly for efficient PTT, and then release activated photosensitizer for real-time apoptosis imaging. Thereafter, supplementary PDT can be conducted to kill tumor cells survived from the PTT, and meanwhile the normal tissue can be protected from photo-toxicity. Conclusion: This designed AuHNRs-DTPP nanocarrier with remarkable therapy effect, real-time apoptosis imaging ability and reduced skin damage is of great potential in nanomedicine application.
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- 2019
20. Comparative RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis on Pulmonary Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Asthma–COPD Overlap Syndrome
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Ziqian Zhang, Pei Ma, Hui Yang, Shuyi Li, Xuyu Li, Jiqiao Yuan, Nan Fang, Mingbao Lin, and Qi Hou
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0301 basic medicine ,mouse model ,molecular mechanisms ,Inflammation ,pulmonary inflammation ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cell and Developmental Biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fibrosis ,Pulmonary fibrosis ,medicine ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Original Research ,ACO ,COPD ,Lung ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,RNA-seq transcriptome analysis ,business.industry ,Overlap syndrome ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Bronchoalveolar lavage ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,030228 respiratory system ,Immunology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized to describe patients with both asthma and COPD clinical characteristics, which has posed a serious threat to patients’ quality of life and life safety. However, there are many difficulties and uncertainties in its diagnosis and treatment in clinic; especially, its animal model has not been fully and thoroughly established, and the evaluation of therapeutic drugs is still in its infancy. Here, we used ovalbumin (OVA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and smoke costimulation to establish an ACO mouse model and then used RNA-seq technology to detect gene expression in mouse lung tissue. The results showed that ACO mice showed an overlap syndrome of asthma and COPD in lung histological changes and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The RNA-seq analysis results showed that 6,324 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between the ACO group and the control group, of which 2,717 (42.7%) were downregulated, and 3,607 (57.3%) were upregulated. Metascape analysis results showed that in the ACO model we established, due to the damage of the respiratory system, the accumulated diseased tissue involves lung, spleen, blood, bone marrow, thymus, etc. It has certain characteristics of pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive airway disease, lung tumors, rheumatoid arthritis. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in inflammation, immune system activation and imbalance, cell proliferation, and adhesion migration, and the upstream signaling pathways of inflammation were mainly affected by HLA-DRA, SYK, CTLA4, VAV1, NRAS, and JAK3. In short, our research established a mouse model that can better simulate the clinicopathological characteristics of ACO and suggested the foundations in elucidating the molecular mechanisms for pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in ACO. This work may help further research and contribute substantially to prevention and clinical treatment of ACO in the future.
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- 2021
21. Precise chemodynamic therapy of cancer by trifunctional bacterium-based nanozymes
- Author
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Yanli Zhao, Xuyu Li, Heyou Han, Lianfu Chen, Weiyun Zhang, Jiawei Liu, Zhaoyu Ma, Yue Zheng, Dongdong Wang, Mohamed F. Foda, and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Subjects
Tumor targeting ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Catalysis ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,Chemistry [Science] ,medicine ,Ferroptosis ,General Materials Science ,Interferon gamma ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Bacteria ,biology ,General Engineering ,Cancer ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Intracellular ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) destroys cancer cells by converting H2O2 or O2 into reactive oxygen species (ROS), but its therapeutic efficacy is restricted by the antioxidant capacity of tumor. Previous solutions focused on strengthening the nanodrugs with the ability to increase ROS production or weaken the antioxidant capacity of cancer cells. Conversely, we here develop a mild nanodrug with negligible side effects. Specifically, the Au@Pt nanozyme decorated on a bacterial surface (Bac-Au@Pt) is reported to achieve precise CDT. Due to the tumor targeting ability of bacteria and catalytic property of Au@Pt nanozyme under acidic conditions, this nanosystem can release ROS to tumor cells effectively. In addition, the interferon gamma released by T cells specifically decreases the intracellular reductants in tumor cells, while having no obvious effect on normal cells. Therefore, a low dose of Bac-Au@Pt achieves a satisfactory therapeutic efficacy to tumor cells and is nontoxic to normal cells even at their acidic components. This nanosystem enables CDT and immunotherapy to mutually benefit and improve by each other, providing a promising strategy to achieve high anticancer efficacy even with a low dose usage. National Research Foundation (NRF) This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21778020 and 31950410755), the Sci-Tech Innovation Foundation of Huazhong Agricultural University (2662018PY024), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662015QD026), and the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi (Gui Ke AA18118046). This work is also supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation Investigatorship (NRF-NRFI2018-03).
- Published
- 2021
22. Integrating Phenotypic and Chemoproteomic Approaches to Identify Covalent Targets of Dietary Electrophiles in Platelets
- Author
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Ivy A. Guan, Joanna S. T. Liu, Renata C. Sawyer, Xiang Li, Wanting Jiao, Yannasittha Jiramongkol, Mark D. White, Lejla Hagimola, Freda H. Passam, Denise P. Tran, Xiaoming Liu, Simone M. Schoenwaelder, Shaun P. Jackson, Richard J. Payne, and Xuyu Liu
- Subjects
Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Apriori Algorithm for the Data Mining of Global Cyberspace Security Issues for Human Participatory Based on Association Rules
- Author
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Zhi Li, Xuyu Li, Runhua Tang, and Lin Zhang
- Subjects
Apriori algorithm ,Association rule learning ,cyberspace security ,Internet privacy ,lcsh:BF1-990 ,Sample (statistics) ,02 engineering and technology ,050105 experimental psychology ,association rules ,Web page ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Data Protection Act 1998 ,Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Psychology ,Original Research ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,business.industry ,network sovereignty ,05 social sciences ,data mining ,lcsh:Psychology ,Cyber-attack ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,The Internet ,business ,Cyberspace - Abstract
This study explored the global cyberspace security issues, with the purpose of breaking the stereotype of people’s cognition of cyberspace problems, which reflects the relationship between interdependence and association. Based on the Apriori algorithm in association rules, a total of 181 strong rules were mined from 40 target websites and 56,096 web pages were associated with global cyberspace security. Moreover, this study analyzed support, confidence, promotion, leverage, and reliability to achieve comprehensive coverage of data. A total of 15,661 sites mentioned cyberspace security-related words from the total sample of 22,493 professional websites, accounting for 69.6%, while only 735 sites mentioned cyberspace security-related words from the total sample of 33,603 non-professional sites, accounting for 2%. Due to restrictions of language, the number of samples of target professional websites and non-target websites is limited. Meanwhile, the number of selections of strong rules is not satisfactory. Nowadays, the cores of global cyberspace security issues include internet sovereignty, cyberspace security, cyber attack, cyber crime, data leakage, and data protection.
- Published
- 2020
24. Biogenic Hybrid Nanosheets Activated Photothermal Therapy and Promoted Anti-PD-L1 Efficacy for Synergetic Antitumor Strategy
- Author
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Yang Wu, Jiawei Liu, Heyou Han, Jinjie Li, Mohamed F. Foda, Xuyu Li, and Weiyun Zhang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Combination therapy ,Photothermal Therapy ,Sonication ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Inflammation ,02 engineering and technology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ,03 medical and health sciences ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Combination cancer therapy ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Escherichia coli ,Animals ,Humans ,General Materials Science ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Photothermal therapy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Drug delivery ,Cancer research ,Gold ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology ,Bacteria - Abstract
Bacteria show promise for use in the field of combination cancer therapy because of their abilities to accumulate in tumors and their roles as natural immunologic adjuvants. However, the huge size of bacteria decreases their chances of being delivered into tumor cells. Moreover, their toxins may cause systemic toxicity in living organisms. Here, we proposed a method to in situ synthesize Au nanoparticles on the surface of Escherichia coli (E. coli), followed by sonication to acquire Au nanoparticles loaded membrane nanosheets (AuMNs) for use in photothermal and combination cancer therapy. Compared to E. coli-loaded Au nanoparticles (E. coli@Au), the small size of membrane nanosheets can be successfully delivered into tumor cells. In addition, the enrichment of AuMNs in tumor site is significantly enhanced via EPR effect, facilitating to activate photothermal conversion under 808 nm laser. Besides, the function of bacteria as natural immunologic adjuvants to promote anti-PD-L1 efficacy is still retained in AuMNs, while the inflammation and damage to viscera caused by AuMNs were milder than E. coli@Au. This study aims to decrease the systemic toxicity of bacteria and promote anti-PD-L1 efficacy in bacteria-mediated combination therapy, so as to open up a new avenue for drug delivery via natural processes.
- Published
- 2020
25. Precise Chemodynamic Therapy of Cancer by Trifunctional Bacterium-Based Nanozymes.
- Author
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Weiyun Zhang, Jiawei Liu, Xuyu Li, Yue Zheng, Lianfu Chen, Dongdong Wang, Mohamed Frahat Foda, Zhaoyu Ma, Yanli Zhao, and Heyou Han
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Air Combat Situation Assessment Based on Improved Cloud Model Theory
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Huiming Ji, Hanghang You, Qisong Han, Xuyu Li, and Zelong Ye
- Subjects
Model theory ,050101 languages & linguistics ,Operations research ,Computer science ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Air combat ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,Cloud computing ,02 engineering and technology ,Atmospheric model ,Fuzzy logic ,Data modeling ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Entropy (information theory) ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,business ,Situation analysis - Abstract
In order to improve the processing ability of fuzzy information in air combat situation assessment, this paper improves the cloud model theory and establishes an improved cloud fighter air combat situation assessment model. Firstly, the air combat factors are reduced and the weights are assigned. Then, the cloud model theory is used to generate the cloud diagram of air combat situation. Compared with the evaluation cloud diagram, the air combat situation is evaluated. Finally, the reliability of the model is verified through example calculation.
- Published
- 2019
27. Miniature Hollow Gold Nanorods with Enhanced Effect for In Vivo Photoacoustic Imaging in the NIR‐II Window
- Author
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Xuyu Li, Huageng Liang, Heyou Han, Weiyun Zhang, Jin Zhang, Tianyou Zhai, Huiqiao Li, Yeteng Zhong, Mohamed F. Foda, and Kai Cai
- Subjects
Diagnostic Imaging ,Materials science ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Photoacoustic Techniques ,Biomaterials ,Absorbance ,Mice ,law ,Miniaturization ,Animals ,Tissue Distribution ,General Materials Science ,Irradiation ,Plasmon ,Nanotubes ,business.industry ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Laser ,0104 chemical sciences ,Optoelectronics ,Surface modification ,Nanorod ,Gold ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Preclinical imaging ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The miniaturization of gold nanorods exhibits a bright prospect for intravital photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and the hollow structure possesses a better plasmonic property. Herein, miniature hollow gold nanorods (M-AuHNRs) (≈46 nm in length) possessing strong plasmonic absorbance in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window (1000-1350 nm) are developed, which are considered as the most suitable range for the intravital PAI. The as-prepared M-AuHNRs exhibit 3.5 times stronger photoacoustic signal intensity than the large hollow Au nanorods (≈105 nm in length) at 0.2 optical density under 1064 nm laser irradiation. The in vivo biodistribution measurement shows that the accumulation in tumor of miniature nanorods is twofold as high as that of the large counterpart. After modifying with a tumor-targeting molecule and fluorochrome, in living tumor-bearing mice, the M-AuHNRs group gives a high fluorescence intensity in tumors, which is 3.6-fold that of the large ones with the same functionalization. Moreover, in the intravital PAI of living tumor-bearing mice, the M-AuHNRs generate longer-lasting and stronger photoacoustic signal than the large counterpart in the NIR-II window. Overall, this study presents the fabrication of M-AuHNRs as a promising contrast agent for intravital PAI.
- Published
- 2020
28. Bioactive bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from the roots of Stephania tetrandra
- Author
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Xuyu Li, Jie Zhou, Li Li, Renzhong Wang, Yan-Fei Liu, Guo-Ru Shi, Jiqiao Yuan, Jia-Yuan Li, and De-Quan Yu
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Circular dichroism ,Stereochemistry ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Nitric Oxide ,Benzylisoquinolines ,Plant Roots ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Stephania tetrandra ,Mice ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Drug Discovery ,Ic50 values ,Animals ,Humans ,Menispermaceae ,Molecular Biology ,Cell Proliferation ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Molecular Structure ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Macrophages ,Organic Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Hepg2 cells ,Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor - Abstract
Ten new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids (1–10) and eight known analogues (11–18) were obtained from the roots of Stephania tetrandra. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electronic circular dichroism analyses, and chemical method. Compounds 1, 15, and 16 showed the better anti-inflammatory activities with IC50 values of 15.26 ± 2.99, 6.12 ± 0.25, and 5.92 ± 1.89 μM, respectively. Compound 18 possessed cytotoxic activities against MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG2 cell lines with IC50 values of 2.81 ± 0.06, 3.66 ± 0.26, and 2.85 ± 0.15 μM, respectively.
- Published
- 2020
29. Harmony of Protein Tags and Chimeric Molecules Empowers Targeted Protein Ubiquitination and Beyond
- Author
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Aggie Lawer, Luke Schulz, Renata Sawyer, and Xuyu Liu
- Subjects
post-translational modification ,ubiquitination ,PROTAC ,dTAG ,proximity ,phosphorylation ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial mechanisms that underlie the intricacies of biological systems and disease mechanisms. This review focuses on the latest advancements in the design of heterobifunctional small molecules that hijack PTM machineries for target-specific modifications in living systems. A key innovation in this field is the development of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), which promote the ubiquitination of target proteins for proteasomal degradation. The past decade has seen several adaptations of the PROTAC concept to facilitate targeted (de)phosphorylation and acetylation. Protein fusion tags have been particularly vital in these proof-of-concept studies, aiding in the investigation of the functional roles of post-translationally modified proteins linked to diseases. This overview delves into protein-tagging strategies that enable the targeted modulation of ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and acetylation, emphasizing the synergies and challenges of integrating heterobifunctional molecules with protein tags in PTM research. Despite significant progress, many PTMs remain to be explored, and protein tag-assisted PTM-inducing chimeras will continue to play an important role in understanding the fundamental roles of protein PTMs and in exploring the therapeutic potential of manipulating protein modifications, particularly for targets not yet addressed by existing drugs.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Air Combat Situation Assessment Based on Improved RS Theory
- Author
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Huiming Ji, Qisong Han, Zhenxing Zhang, Xuyu Li, and Minjian Yu
- Subjects
History ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Computer science ,Air combat ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,Computer Science Applications ,Education ,Situation analysis - Abstract
In order to improve the ability of the extraction and weight distribution of key air combat factors in air combat situation assessment, this paper improves the rough set theory and establishes an improved rough set theory air combat situation assessment model. Firstly, the air combat information is discretized and decoupled. Then, the improved rough set theory is used to reduce and assign the attributes, and the air combat situation is calculated and evaluated. Finally, the effectiveness of the model is verified by simulation.
- Published
- 2019
31. NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF THE TEMPERATURE FIELD IN SURFACE GRINDING
- Author
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Cong Mao, Xuyu Li, Zhixiong Zhou, and Kexi Guo
- Subjects
Engineering drawing ,Materials science ,Computer simulation ,Mechanical Engineering ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Thermal expansion ,Grinding ,Machining ,Heat flux ,Thermal ,Surface grinding ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
Three-dimensional numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the temperature field in the contact zone due to the thermal loading of the workpiece in surface grinding. This technique considers that the thermophysical properties of the workpiece material are non-linear according to temperature, the contact zone between the wheel and the workpiece is assumed as an arc surface, and the heat flux entering the workpiece is assumed as proportional to the local undeformed chip thickness. A good agreement is found between the simulated results and the experimental observations. The high grinding temperature leads to the thermal expansion of the workpiece material, which causes the thickness of the actual material removal layer to be larger than the cutting depth. The grinding temperature at the central portion is higher than that on the side of the workpiece during the wet grinding, thus the material removal layer in the central zone is thicker than that on the side zone, and the workpiece surface is concave across the grinding width.
- Published
- 2010
32. Continuous Phase Plate design based on Magnetorheological Finishing (MRF) technology.
- Author
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Wei Wang, Xuyu Li, Chaoyang Wei, and Jianda Shao
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Optimal parameter solution for optical design of testing large-aperture off-axis aspheric mirror with computer-generated holograms.
- Author
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Xuyu Li, Chaoyang Wei, and Wendong Xu
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Numerical Investigation of the Influence of a Splitter Plate on Mixing Transfer in the Ducts of a Rotary Energy Recovery Device
- Author
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Kai Liu, Xuyu Liu, Lijuan Wu, Xingkai Zhang, Baocheng Shi, and Lixing Zheng
- Subjects
RO ,ERD ,mixing ,splitter plate ,Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering ,VM1-989 ,Oceanography ,GC1-1581 - Abstract
The rotary energy recovery device (RERD) is integral in reducing energy consumption in desalination processes. The absence of a physical piston in RERD ducts allows salinity transfer from the brine to the seawater stream, which reduces RERD efficiency. To address this challenge, this study investigates the potential of utilizing splitter plates as a flow control technique to decrease the mixing degree within RERDs. Numerical simulations were performed to examine five different splitter plate configurations in RERD ducts in order to identify optimal designs for reducing the mixing degree. The analysis of internal streamlines and vortex distributions revealed that horizontal splitter plates positioned at the duct inlet effectively suppressed swirling flows, while splitter plates positioned at the center of the duct suppressed the formation of flow-induced vortices. This resulted in a more uniform salinity distribution and a reduction in the mass transfer rate between brine and seawater streams. The most significant reduction in the volumetric mixing rate was observed when employing cross-spread splitter plates positioned at the center of the duct. This paper presents an innovative method to reduce the mixing degree in the RERD.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Influence of structural and operating factors on mixing transfer of rotary energy recovery device through CFD simulation
- Author
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Kai Liu, Xuyu Liu, Xingkai Zhang, Baocheng Shi, Lijuan Wu, and Lixing Zheng
- Subjects
ro ,ERD ,computational fluid dynamic ,mixing ,vortex ,General Works - Abstract
The rotary energy recovery device (RERD) is an essential component in seawater desalination for decreasing the energy consumption of reverse osmosis plants. To research the complex flow fields and mixing motion in ducts of a rotary energy recovery device, a 3D numerical simulation was studied in this work. Three-dimensional vortex structures were visualized and identified based on the Q criterion. The effects of the operating condition and the structure parameter on the flow fields and the mixing motion had been discussed. Simulation results indicated that the interaction between vortices in the mixing zone and vortices in the duct entrance led to a high level of turbulence intensity and mixing degree. The mixing process could be controlled by the operating condition and the structure parameter. This paper provides a new approach to researching structural and operating factors on the mixing process of the rotary energy recovery device.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Z-REX uncovers a bifurcation in function of Keap1 paralogs
- Author
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Alexandra Van Hall-Beauvais, Jesse R Poganik, Kuan-Ting Huang, Saba Parvez, Yi Zhao, Hong-Yu Lin, Xuyu Liu, Marcus John Curtis Long, and Yimon Aye
- Subjects
Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant response ,electrophile signaling ,paralog-specific signaling ,zebrafish ,REX technologies ,covalent drug mode-of-action ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Studying electrophile signaling is marred by difficulties in parsing changes in pathway flux attributable to on-target, vis-à-vis off-target, modifications. By combining bolus dosing, knockdown, and Z-REX—a tool investigating on-target/on-pathway electrophile signaling, we document that electrophile labeling of one zebrafish-Keap1-paralog (zKeap1b) stimulates Nrf2- driven antioxidant response (AR) signaling (like the human-ortholog). Conversely, zKeap1a is a dominant-negative regulator of electrophile-promoted Nrf2-signaling, and itself is nonpermissive for electrophile-induced Nrf2-upregulation. This behavior is recapitulated in human cells: (1) zKeap1b-expressing cells are permissive for augmented AR-signaling through reduced zKeap1b–Nrf2 binding following whole-cell electrophile treatment; (2) zKeap1a-expressing cells are non-permissive for AR-upregulation, as zKeap1a–Nrf2 binding capacity remains unaltered upon whole-cell electrophile exposure; (3) 1:1 ZKeap1a:zKeap1b-co-expressing cells show no Nrf2-release from the Keap1-complex following whole-cell electrophile administration, rendering these cells unable to upregulate AR. We identified a zKeap1a-specific point-mutation (C273I) responsible for zKeap1a’s behavior during electrophilic stress. Human-Keap1(C273I), of known diminished Nrf2-regulatory capacity, dominantly muted electrophile-induced Nrf2-signaling. These studies highlight divergent and interdependent electrophile signaling behaviors, despite conserved electrophile sensing.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Improving treatment for acute ischemic stroke—Clot busting innovation in the pipeline
- Author
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Joanna Shu Ting Liu, Yiran Ding, Simone Schoenwaelder, and Xuyu Liu
- Subjects
thrombolysis (for acute ischaemic stroke) ,tissue plasminogen activator ,anticoagulants ,antiplatelets ,PROTACs ,tick-derived salivary proteins/peptides ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a consequence of disrupted blood flow to the brain, caused by thrombosis—the pathological formation of occlusive clots within blood vessels, which can embolize distally to downstream tissues and microvasculature. The highest priority of stroke treatment is the rapid removal of occlusive clots and restoration of tissue perfusion. Intravenous thrombolysis is the pharmacological standard-of-care for the dissolution of blood clots, wherein thrombolytic drugs are administered to restore vessel patency. While the introduction of recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rtPA) in 1996 demonstrated the benefit of acute thrombolysis for clot removal, this was countered by severe limitations in terms of patient eligibility, lytic efficacy, rethrombosis and safety implications. Development of safer and efficacious treatment strategies to improve clot lysis has not significantly progressed over many decades, due to the challenge of maintaining the necessary efficacy-safety balance for these therapies. As such, rtPA has remained the sole approved acute therapeutic for ischemic stroke for over 25 years. Attempts to improve thrombolysis with coadministration of adjunct antithrombotics has demonstrated benefit in coronary vessels, but remain contraindicated for stroke, given all currently approved antithrombotics adversely impact hemostasis, causing bleeding. This Perspective provides a brief history of stroke drug development, as well as an overview of several groups of emerging drugs which have the potential to improve thrombolytic strategies in the future. These include inhibitors of the platelet receptor glycoprotein VI and the signaling enzyme PI3-Kinase, novel anticoagulants derived from hematophagous creatures, and proteolysis-targeting chimeras.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Inheritance of Solanum chloroplast genomic DNA in interspecific hybrids
- Author
-
Dandan Li, Guiyun Gan, Weiliu Li, Wenjia Li, Yaqin Jiang, Xuyu Liang, Ning Yu, Riyuan Chen, and Yikui Wang
- Subjects
solanum ,chloroplast genome ,interspecific hybrid ,inheritance ,maternal ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
The chloroplast genomic information was obtained from three wild Solanum and four hybrids by chloroplast genome sequencing. The chloroplast genomes of the seven samples comprise of a circular structure and sizes from 155,581 to 155,612 bp and composed of 130 genes. The genome structures of the two hybrids were identical, while the other two hybrids showed 2 bp differences in the LSC when compared with their maternal parent. The total sites of SNP and InDel were 39–344 and 54–90, respectively. With the exception of one hybrid with two additional sites, the other hybrids were identical to their maternal.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Synthetic Thiol and Selenol Derived Amino Acids for Expanding the Scope of Chemical Protein Synthesis
- Author
-
Ivy Guan, Kayla Williams, Joanna Shu Ting Liu, and Xuyu Liu
- Subjects
peptide ligation ,unnatural amino acid ,cysteine ,chemical protein synthesis ,semisynthesis ,protein modification ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Cells employ post-translational modifications (PTMs) as key mechanisms to expand proteome diversity beyond the inherent limitations of a concise genome. The ability to incorporate post-translationally modified amino acids into protein targets via chemical ligation of peptide fragments has enabled the access to homogeneous proteins bearing discrete PTM patterns and empowered functional elucidation of individual modification sites. Native chemical ligation (NCL) represents a powerful and robust means for convergent assembly of two homogeneous, unprotected peptides bearing an N-terminal cysteine residue and a C-terminal thioester, respectively. The subsequent discovery that protein cysteine residues can be chemoselectively desulfurized to alanine has ignited tremendous interest in preparing unnatural thiol-derived variants of proteogenic amino acids for chemical protein synthesis following the ligation-desulfurization logic. Recently, the 21st amino acid selenocysteine, together with other selenyl derivatives of amino acids, have been shown to facilitate ultrafast ligation with peptidyl selenoesters, while the advancement in deselenization chemistry has provided reliable bio-orthogonality to PTMs and other amino acids. The combination of these ligation techniques and desulfurization/deselenization chemistries has led to streamlined synthesis of multiple structurally-complex, post-translationally modified proteins. In this review, we aim to summarize the latest chemical synthesis of thiolated and selenylated amino-acid building blocks and exemplify their important roles in conquering challenging protein targets with distinct PTM patterns.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Precision Targeting of pten-Null Triple-Negative Breast Tumors Guided by Electrophilic Metabolite Sensing
- Author
-
Xuyu Liu, Marcus J. C. Long, Benjamin D. Hopkins, Chaosheng Luo, Lingxi Wang, and Yimon Aye
- Subjects
Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The first complete mitochondrial genome of eggplant (Solanum melongena)
- Author
-
Dandan Li, Weiliu Li, Guiyun Gan, Wenjia Li, Yaqin Jiang, Xuyu Liang, Riyuan Chen, and Yikui Wang
- Subjects
solanum ,mitochondrial genome ,rna editing ,phylogenetic relationships ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Eggplant is an important vegetable crop because of its rich nutrition, but to date no mitochondrial genome has been reported. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of the eggplant was sequenced. The complete mitochondrial genome was 498,136bp, linear structure, containing 54 protein-coding genes, four rRNAs, and 32 tRNAs. The phylogenetic tree supported the hypothesis that the eggplant is most closely related to Solanum tuberosum and Solanum lycopersicum.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Comparative transcriptome analysis provides insights into the molecular mechanism underlying double fertilization between self-crossed Solanum melongena and that hybridized with Solanum aethiopicum.
- Author
-
Dandan Li, Siqi Li, Wenjia Li, Ake Liu, Yaqin Jiang, Guiyun Gan, Weiliu Li, Xuyu Liang, Ning Yu, Riyuan Chen, and Yikui Wang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Wild relatives represent a source of variation for many traits of interest for eggplant (Solanum melongena) breeding, as well as for broadening its genetic base. However, interspecific hybridization with wild relatives has been barely used in eggplant breeding programs, and reproductive barriers have resulted in reduced seed numbers in interspecific combinations. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. We hybridized females of cultivated eggplant 177 (Solanum melongena) with males of wild relatives 53 and Y11 (Solanum aethiopicum). Self-crossed 177 was the control. The seed number per control fruit was significantly higher than that of the hybrids. Paraffin sections showed no significant difference between control and 177×53 and 177×Y11. Double fertilization began 4 days post-pollination. Sperm cells were fused with egg cells 6 days post-pollination. To understand the differences in molecular mechanisms underlying this process, transcriptomes of ovaries at 0, 4, and 6 days after self-crossing and hybridization were analyzed. We screened 22,311 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control and hybrids 4 and 6 days post-pollination. A total of 497 DEGs were shared among all pollination combinations. These DEGs were enriched in plant hormone transduction, cell senescence, metabolism, and biosynthesis pathways. DEG clustering analysis indicated distinct expression patterns between the control and hybrids but not between the hybrids. The DEGs in hybrids involved secondary metabolic process, phenylpropanoid metabolic process, and carboxypeptidase activity, while those in the control involved xyloglucan metabolic process, auxin-activated signaling pathway, cell wall polysaccharide metabolic process, and xyloglucosyl transferase activity. Additionally, 1683 transcription factors, including members of the AP2-ERF, MYB, bHLH, and B3 families may play important roles in self-crossing and hybridization. Our results provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying variations between ovaries of self-crossed and hybrid eggplants and a basis for future studies on crossbreeding Solanum and genetic mechanisms underlying double fertilization.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Mosquito-Derived Anophelin Sulfoproteins Are Potent Antithrombotics
- Author
-
Emma E. Watson, Xuyu Liu, Robert E. Thompson, Jorge Ripoll-Rozada, Mike Wu, Imala Alwis, Alessandro Gori, Choy-Theng Loh, Benjamin L. Parker, Gottfried Otting, Shaun Jackson, Pedro José Barbosa Pereira, and Richard J. Payne
- Subjects
Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A Quadruped Robot with Three-Dimensional Flexible Legs
- Author
-
Wenkai Huang, Junlong Xiao, Feilong Zeng, Puwei Lu, Guojian Lin, Wei Hu, Xuyu Lin, and Yu Wu
- Subjects
quadruped mobile robots ,rigid–flexible coupling ,motion planning and control ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
As an important part of the quadruped robot, the leg determines its performance. Flexible legs or flexible joints aid in the buffering and adaptability of robots. At present, most flexible quadruped robots only have two-dimensional flexibility or use complex parallel structures to achieve three-dimensional flexibility. This research will propose a new type of three-dimensional flexible structure. This passive compliant three-dimensional flexibility reduces the weight and complex structure of the robot. The anti-impact performance of the robot is verified by a side impact experiment. The simulation and experiments show that the robot still has good stability even under a simple algorithm and that the flexible leg can reduce the impact on the quadruped robot and improve the environmental adaptability of the robot.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Chemical Biology Gateways to Mapping Location, Association, and Pathway Responsivity
- Author
-
Marcus J. C. Long, Xuyu Liu, and Yimon Aye
- Subjects
chemical biology methods ,T-REX ,G-REX ,APEX ,Bio-ID ,PUP-IT ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Here we discuss, how by applying chemical concepts to biological problems, methods have been developed to map spatiotemporal regulation of proteins and small-molecule modulation of proteome signaling responses. We outline why chemical-biology platforms are ideal for such purposes. We further discuss strengths and weaknesses of chemical-biology protocols, contrasting them against classical genetic and biochemical approaches. We make these evaluations based on three parameters: occupancy; functional information; and spatial restriction. We demonstrate how the specific choice of chemical reagent and experimental set-up unite to resolve biological problems. Potential improvements/extensions as well as specific controls that in our opinion are often overlooked or employed incorrectly are also considered. Finally, we discuss some of the latest emerging methods to illuminate how chemical-biology innovations provide a gateway toward information hitherto inaccessible by conventional genetic/biochemical means. Finally, we also caution against solely relying on chemical-biology strategies and urge the field to undertake orthogonal validations to ensure robustness of results.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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