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The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is well suitable for searching for monochromatic and sharp $\gamma$-ray structures in the GeV$-$TeV range thanks to its unprecedented high energy resolution. In this work, we search for $\gamma$-ray line structures using five years of DAMPE data. To improve the sensitivity, we develop two types of dedicated data sets (including the BgoOnly data which is the first time to be used in the data analysis for the calorimeter-based gamma-ray observatories) and adopt the signal-to-noise ratio optimized regions of interest (ROIs) for different DM density profiles. No line signals or candidates are found between 10 and 300 GeV in the Galaxy. The constraints on the velocity-averaged cross section for $\chi\chi \to \gamma\gamma$ and the decay lifetime for $\chi \to \gamma\nu$, both at 95% confidence level, have been calculated and the systematic uncertainties have been taken into account. Comparing to the previous Fermi-LAT results, though DAMPE has an acceptance smaller by a factor of $\sim 10$, similar constraints on the DM parameters are achieved and below 100 GeV the lower limits on the decay lifetime are even stronger by a factor of a few. Our results demonstrate the potential of high-energy-resolution observations on dark matter detection., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures. Update the content to keep up with the published version

A kind of nanoparticular system based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and polydopamine (PDA) modification was developed for improving the dermal delivery of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).

Effective detection of antibiotics and photodegradation using a novel zinc-based metal–organic framework.

The charge density of Co atoms in Co-MOFs is optimized by bimetallic (Fe, Ni) atom substitution, and the reconstructed Co(Ni)OOH on FeNiCo-MOF as the real active site lowers the energy barrier of rate-determining step, conducive to OER processes.

The study aimed to explore the size effect on the in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) in the oral absorption of andrographolide nanosuspensions (Ag-NS). Ag-NS with controllable particle sizes were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion method, and the formulation and process parameters were optimized through single factor experiments using mean particle size, polydispersity index, and stability as evaluation indicators. The morphology of Ag-NS was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the crystalline state of the nanosuspensions was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The dissolution tests were carried out with the paddle method in two different mediums simulating the pH conditions in intestinal fluid (pH 6.8) and gastric fluid (pH 1.2), respectively. The pharmacokinetic behaviors were investigated in rats after oral administration, and a deconvolution approach was introduced to determine the correlation between in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption (IVIVC). The formulation with the use of lecithin and PEG-800 as stabilizers showed its potential in the size-controllable preparation of Ag-NS. Via altering the ultrasonication amplitude and time, three Ag-NS suspensions with three particle sizes, i.e., Ag-NS 250 (249.8 ± 1.3 nm), Ag-NS 450 (485.2 ± 3.7 nm), Ag-NS 1000 (1015 ± 36.1 nm) were prepared. Their morphological and crystal characteristics were not changed during the size reduction process, but both of their in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption were improved. Relatively better IVIVC performance was observed with the in vitro dissolution data at pH 6.8 (r 0.9). With the reduction of particle size, the in vivo absorption fraction was more closed to the level of the in vitro dissolution. In conclusion, the decrease in particle size would improve the dissolution and absorption of Ag-NS, and also affect their IVIVC performance. The study would facilitate the design and quality control of Ag-NS in terms of particle size and dissolution specifications.

Metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) represent an emerging class of materials that have attracted enormous attention in many fields. By comparison with other biomaterials, MNPs own unique optical properties which make them a potential alternative to conventional therapeutic agents in medical applications. Especially, owing to the easy access to the skin, the use of MNPs based on their optical properties has gained importance for the treatment of a variety of skin diseases. This review provides an insight into the different optical properties of MNPs, including photoprotection, photocatalysis, and photothermal, and highlights their implications in treating skin disorders, with a special emphasis on their use in infection control. Finally, a perspective on the safety concern of MNPs for dermatological use is discussed and analyzed. The information gathered and presented in this review will help the readers have a comprehensive understanding of utilizing the photo-triggered activity of MNPs for the treatment of skin diseases.

Hemicellulose is an important component of the plant cell wall which vary in structure and composition between plant species. The research of hemicellulose structures is primarily focused on fast-growing plants during xylogenesis, with slow-growing and rare trees receiving the least attention. Here, hemicellulose structure of the rare species Castanopsis hystrix during xylogenesis was analyzed. Acetyl methyl glucuronide xylan was the most common type of hemicellulose in C. hystrix, with a unique tetrasaccharide structure at the reducing end. Hemicellulose type, structure, molecular weight, thermal stability, biosynthesis and acetyl substitution content and pattern remained stable during the xylogenesis in C. hystrix, which could be attributed to its slow growth. The stable polymer type, low side chain modification and high acetyl substitution of hemicellulose throughout the stems are among the reasons for the hardness and corrosion resistance properties of C. hystrix wood. Genetic modification can be used to improve these properties.

Application of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) as catalysts in biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass into bioproducts and biofuels reduces both chemical waste production and carbon footprint. The filamentous fungus Penicillium oxalicum can secrete integrated CWDEs, with potential for industrial application.

Heart injury such as myocardial infarction leads to cardiomyocyte loss, fibrotic tissue deposition, and scar formation. These changes reduce cardiac contractility, resulting in heart failure, which causes a huge public health burden. Military personnel, compared with civilians, is exposed to more stress, a risk factor for heart diseases, making cardiovascular health management and treatment innovation an important topic for military medicine. So far, medical intervention can slow down cardiovascular disease progression, but not yet induce heart regeneration. In the past decades, studies have focused on mechanisms underlying the regenerative capability of the heart and applicable approaches to reverse heart injury. Insights have emerged from studies in animal models and early clinical trials. Clinical interventions show the potential to reduce scar formation and enhance cardiomyocyte proliferation that counteracts the pathogenesis of heart disease. In this review, we discuss the signaling events controlling the regeneration of heart tissue and summarize current therapeutic approaches to promote heart regeneration after injury.

Purpose Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of death in uveal melanoma. To date, there is no effective treatment for metastatic uveal melanoma. We present a novel research paradigm, Tongren-Ophthalmology Research Association of Clinical Evaluation - Uveal Melanoma (TRACE-UM), designed to identify new risk factors, biomarkers and molecular mechanisms for uveal melanoma metastasis. Methods TRACE-UM utilizes real-world data of patients treated at a Chinese tertiary center. Sources of data include clinical information, tumor tissue and blood samples collected at diagnosis and follow-up visits. Bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed to explore molecular mechanisms and biomarkers of tumor metastasis. Artificial intelligence computation was employed to build metastasis prediction models using clinical and imaging data. Spatial transcriptome sequencing technology was incorporated to analyze the mechanisms of vascular mimicry. Results We recruited consecutive patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma from August 2014 to January 2020. Demographic and clinical data on 1166 patients and pathological data on 203 patients were collected. TRACE-UM has thus far contributed to two areas of research: (1) clinical prediction models were constructed to predict the risk of metastasis after treatment; (2) the molecular mechanism of metastasis was preliminarily elucidated. Conclusion TRACE-UM provides a unique clinical database and biobank repository collection initiative. Using this large real-world data set, we explored metastatic mechanisms, biomarkers and validated them through cellular and animal experiments. TRACE-UM has the potential to serve as an infrastructure for future clinical trials.

The ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions is crucial for living organisms, as it enables them to successfully compete in natural niches, a process which generally depends upon protein phosphorylation-mediated signaling transduction. In the present study, protein kinase PoxMKK1, an ortholog of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase Ste7 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was identified and characterized in the filamentous fungus Penicillium oxalicum. Deletion of PoxMKK1 in P. oxalicum ΔPoxKu70 led the fungus to lose 64.4–88.6% and 38.0–86.1% of its plant-polysaccharide-degrading enzyme (PPDE) production on day 4 after a shift under submerged- and solid-state fermentation, respectively, compared with the control strain ΔPoxKu70. In addition, PoxMKK1 affected hypha growth and sporulation, though this was dependent on culture formats and carbon sources. Comparative transcriptomics and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR assay revealed that PoxMKK1 activated the expression of genes encoding major PPDEs, known regulatory genes (i.e., PoxClrB and PoxCxrB) and cellodextrin transporter genes (i.e., PoxCdtD and PoxCdtC), while it inhibited the essential conidiation-regulating genes, including PoxBrlA, PoxAbaA and PoxFlbD. Notably, regulons modulated by PoxMKK1 and its downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase PoxMK1 co-shared 611 differential expression genes, including 29 PPDE genes, 23 regulatory genes, and 16 sugar-transporter genes. Collectively, these data broaden our insights into the diverse functions of Ste7-like protein kinase, especially regulation of PPDE biosynthesis, in filamentous fungi.

Gastrochilus tsii Q. Liu, D.P. Ye & X.H. Jin, sp nov. (ằkfiffi±) (Figure 3–4) Type:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Zhenyuan County, Jiujia town, Qianjiazhai Village, Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve. Monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, 2300 m, epiphytic on tree trunks, 09 May 2016, Qiang Liu 354 (holotype: HITBC0056888!). Morphologically, it is similar to G. distichus (Lindley 1858: 36) Kuntze (1891: 661) and G. pseudodistichus (King & Pantling 1896: 341) Schlechter (1913: 315) by having the pendulous and branched stem, but differs from G. distichus by having a sub-triangular epichile without conic calli at base—from G. pseudodistichus by having oblong-elliptic sepals, and sub-triangular epichile wider than hypochile. Description:— Epiphytic herbs. Stem pendulous, 15–20 cm long, with 0.5–0.7 cm internodes, slender, often branched with tiny red-purple spots. Leaves alternate, distichous, ovate, 2.2–1.3 × 0.3–0.5 cm; apex acuminate and unequally 2-lobed with one awn. Inflorescences several, subumbellate, 3–4-flowered; peduncle 0.9–1.1 cm, slender, upper part enlarged, lower part with 2 sheaths; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1.0– 1.2 mm; pedicel and ovary 0.3–0.4 cm. Flower yellow-green, sepals and petals with reddish brown spots. Dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic, concave, 3.2–3.8 × 2.0– 2.2 mm, apex acute. Lateral sepals similar to dorsal sepal, 3.2–4.2 × 2.0– 2.4 mm, apex acute; petals ovate, 3.0–3.2 × 1.5–1.6 mm, apex obtuse. Lip with an epichile and a saccate hypochile; epichile sub-triangular, 2.8–3.0 × 5.0– 5.5 mm, fleshy, adaxially glabrous, apex rounded; hypochile nearly cupular, mouth with lateral purple stripes, sac with reddish brown spots on the underside, 4.0– 4.5 mm tall, 4.0– 4.2 mm in diameter. Column stout with purple spots, ca. 1.2 mm; rostellum bilobed acuminate at the apex; pollinia 2, subglobose, ca. 0.3 mm in diameter; stipe elongate, ca. 0.7 mm; viscidium elliptic, thick and bilobed; anther cap galeate with a recurved–acuminate apex, 1.6 × 1.4mm. Capsules cylindrical, with 3 ridges, 2.0–2.2 × 0.7–0.8 cm. Distribution and ecology:— The new species was found in Zhenyuan County, Dali Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, and Darjeeling state, India. Gastrochilus tsii grows on the tree trunks or rocks at altitudes from 2150 to 2300 m in Monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest. Gastrochilus tsii was observed flowering from June to July in the wild. Etymology:— The species epithet honors the late Prof. Tsi zhanhuo, (1936–2001), who devoted all his life to study Chinese orchids. Taxonomic discussion:— After checking the specimens of Gastrochilus spp. kept at K, we found one specimen (voucher J.S. Gamble 8006) with drawing, collected by J.S. Gamble in 1879, from Darjeeling state, India (Figure 3G), identified as the G. distichus. It is easily distinguished from G. distichus by the illustrated flower characters. During our field expeditions in Yunnan province, we collected the fresh materials and the vegetative and floral characteristics are in congruity with the illustration of the Gamble specimen.

Gastrochilus fargesii (Kraenzlin 1903: 423) Schlechter (1919: 288) Homotypic synonyms Saccolabium fargesii Kraenzlin (1903: 423). Type: — China: Sichuan: Tschen-keou-tin, Farges 1236 (Isotype: IBSC! & KEW!). = Gastrochilus brevifimbriatus S. R. Yi (2010: 114). Type: — CHINA. Chongqing: Nanchuan Co., Hou he, Jinfo Mtn., on trunk, 680 m, 29 Aug. 2007, Yi Si Rong 075631 (holotype: IMC). Taxonomic discussion:— Gastrochilus brevifimbriatus was published as the new species by Yi et al. (2010), who morphologically compared it with G. acinacifolius Z.H. Tsi (1989: 25). Obviously, the authors lack the comprehensive recognition for genus of Gastrochilus and enough inspection of the specimen. After field investigation in type location of G. brevifimbriatus and comprehensive observe plant and flower characters using the fresh materials, we found that these morphological features were well accordance with the isotype of G. fargesii (Figure 8B) and the sketches of plant and epichile of labellum based on the isotype by Prof. Z.H. Tsi (Figure 8 B-1–2). However, only the specimens and simply draft of G. fargesii previously existed on which the protologue was based, which is the main reason for making the specimen misidentification and new species’ invalid publication. Therefore, we reduced it to the synonymy of G. fargesii and provide additional information for G. fargesii as below. Morphologically, it is similar to G. intermedius (Griffith ex Lindley 1858: 33) Kuntze (1891: 661), G. tianbaoensis Q. Liu & Y.H. Tan (Liu et al. 2016: 67), G. guangtungensis Z. H. Tsi (1996: 139), G. acinacifolius Z. H. Tsi (1989: 25), and G. linearifolius Z. H. Tsi & Garay (1996: 138) by having the repent stem and falcate leaves, but distinguished from latters by having broadly triangular epichile and galeate hypochile (Chen et al. 2009, Liu et al. 2016). Distribution and ecology:— It is an epiphyte on tree trunks at altitudes from 670–750 m in a moist valley. Gastrochilus fargesii was observed flowering from July to August in the wild. Etymology:— The specific epithet ‘ fargesii ’ commemorates Paul Guillaume Farges (1844–1912), a French missionary and plant collector based in Chongqing, China, from 1892 to 1912. Specimens examined:— CHINA. Sichuan Province: Tschen Keou County, Moung Moung Ky près de Tchen Keou, 1600 m, 27 August 1893 P. G. Farges 1236 (Isotype: IBSC!, AMES!, K!, P!); Chongqing City: Nanchuan County, Houhe, Jinfo Montain, epiphytic on trunk, 720 m, 03 July 2017, Qiang Liu 457 (HITBC!); Chongqing City: Nanchuan County, Hou he, Jinfo Montain, on trunk, 680 m, 29 August 2007, Yi Si Rong 075631 (IMC!)., Published as part of Liu, Qiang, Wu, Xun-Feng, Zhou, Shi-Shun, Li, Jian-Wu & Jin, Xiao-Hua, 2023, New species and record of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae) from China and Laos, pp. 210-224 in Phytotaxa 585 (3) on pages 220-223, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.585.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7690809, {"references":["Kraenzlin, F. (1903) Deux orchidees nouvelles. Journal de Botanique (Morot) 17: 422 - 424.","Schlechter, R. (1919) Orchideologlae Sino-Japonicae Prodromus. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 5: 287 - 290.","Yi, S. R., Huang, Y., Xiao, B. & Jin, X. H. (2010) Gastrochilus brevifimbriatus (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae), a new species from Chongqing, China. Novon 20: 113 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2008013","Tsi, Z. H. (1989) New taxa of Orchidaceae from China. Bulletin of Botanical Research 9: 21 - 31.","Lindley, J. (1858) Saccolabium distichum and Saccolabium intermedium. In: Contributions to the orchidology of India, II. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 3: 36. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1858. tb 02055. x","Kuntze, C. E. O. (1891) Gastrochilus. Revisio generum plantarum, volume 2. Felix, Leipzig, pp. 660 - 661.","Liu, Q., Tan, Y. H. & Gao, J. Y. (2016) A new species of Gastrochilus (Aeridinae, Vandeae, Orchidaceae) and a new record species from Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa 282 (1): 66 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 282.1.8","Tsi, Z. H. (1996) A preliminary revision of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae). Guihaia 16: 123 - 154.","Chen, S. C., Tsi, Z. H. & Wood, J. J. (2009) Gastrochilus D. Don. In: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. Y. (Eds.) Flora of China 25 (Orchidaceae). Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 491 - 498."]}

Gastrochilus minutiflorus Averyanov (1997: 145) (小fffiffi±) (Figure 7) Type:— VIETNAM. Cao Bang District: Tra Linh Subdistrict, Quuoc Toan, near Thang Heng Lake in environs of Thang Hen and Lung Tao villages, open dry evergreen Keteleeria davidiana (Bertrand) Beissner (1891: 424) forest on tops of remnant limestone mountains at 850–900 m, 21 Oct 1995, L. Averyanov et al. 009 (holotype: LE!; isotype: HN). Distribution and ecology:— Gastrochilus minutiflorus was only known from Cao Bang District, Vietnam, this is the first record from China (Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province and Jingxi City, Guangxi Province). It was found growing as an epiphyte on the tree trunks at altitudes from 770 to 900 m in limestone forest. Gastrochilus minutiflorus was observed flowering from June to July in the wild. Etymology:— This species epithet refers to its unusually small flowers. Specimens examined:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Wenshan Zhuang-Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Funing County, Xingda Town, limestone forest, 770–820 m, 24 March 2021, Qiang Liu 780 (HFTC!). Taxonomic discussion:— To our knowledge, there had been no subsequent collections of this species since 1997. During recently field work in Yunnan and Guangxi province, we had firstly found and get the fresh materials. Morphologically, it is similar to G. guangtungensis Z. H. Tsi (1996: 139) and G. acinacifolius Z. H. Tsi (1989: 25) by having repent stem and falcate leaves. However, it differs from latters by having the leathery leaves with densely purple-violet spotted or almost entirely purple-violet, inflorescence usually with 3–8-flowered, small flowers (sepals size: 2.5–3.0 × 1.5–1.8 mm), and epichile triangular, adaxially glabrous (Tsi 1996, Averyanov 1997, Chen et al. 2009)., Published as part of Liu, Qiang, Wu, Xun-Feng, Zhou, Shi-Shun, Li, Jian-Wu & Jin, Xiao-Hua, 2023, New species and record of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae) from China and Laos, pp. 210-224 in Phytotaxa 585 (3) on page 220, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.585.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7690809, {"references":["Averyanov, L. V. (1997) New species of orchids (Orchidaceae) from Vietnam. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 82: 131 - 148.","Tsi, Z. H. (1996) A preliminary revision of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae). Guihaia 16: 123 - 154.","Tsi, Z. H. (1989) New taxa of Orchidaceae from China. Bulletin of Botanical Research 9: 21 - 31.","Chen, S. C., Tsi, Z. H. & Wood, J. J. (2009) Gastrochilus D. Don. In: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. Y. (Eds.) Flora of China 25 (Orchidaceae). Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 491 - 498."]}

Gastrochilus labrosus Q. Liu & X.H. Jin, sp. nov. (ṾḆfiffi±) (Figure 6) Type: — CHINA. Yunnan Province: Wenshan Zhuang-Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Malipo County, Xiajinchang Village, limestone forest, 1970 m, 16 July 2015, Qiang Liu 373 (holotype: HITBC0056903!). Morphologically, it is similar to Gastrochilus guangtungensis Z.H. Tsi (1996: 139) and G. minutiflorus Averyanov (1997: 145) by having the stout and pendent stem, but differs by having narrow epichile without central cushion and white membranous marginal wings. Description:— Epiphytic plant with stout and pendent stem up to 12 cm long. Leaves lanceolate, falcate, densely purpleviolet spotted, 5.0–5.5 × 1.0– 1.2 cm, sessile with articulation at the base; apex acuminate with 1 awn. Inflorescence short, subumbellate, usually with 4-flowered, bracts small triangular. Flower yellow with white hypochile. Sepals and petals yellow with purplish spots, epichile of lip yellow with densely purplish spots, hypochile of lip white and margin with purple stripes. Dorsal and lateral sepals similar, obovate, 4.0–4.5 × 2.5–3.0 mm, apex obtuse. Petals narrow, ovate- lanceolate, 4.5–5.0 × 2.0– 2.2 mm, apex obtuse. Lip with an epichile and a saccate hypochile; epichile nearly suborbicular, 3.2–3.4 × 2.8–3.0 mm, significantly narrower than hypochile, adaxially glabrous, margin entire, apex obtuse and slightly denticulate; hypochile globose, with 5 ridges on the distal surface, 5.0– 5.5 mm tall, 4.2–4.5 mm in diameter. Column stout with purple spots, ca. 1.0 mm; rostellum bilobed with acuminated tip; pollinia 2, subglobose, ca. 0.3 mm in diamter; stipe elongate, ca. 1.0 mm; viscidium elliptic, thick and bilobed; anther cap galeate, apex narrowed into a beak. Capsules cylindrical, 3.2–3.5 × 1.4–1.6 mm. Distribution and ecology:— The new species has only been found in Malipo County, Yunnan Province, China. It probably also occurs in Vietnam, since the type location is adjacent to the border between the two countries. Gastrochilus labrosus was seen on the tree trunks at altitudes from 1850 to 1970 m in the limestone broad-leaved forests. Gastrochilus labrosus was observed flowering from July to August in the wild. Etymology— The specific epithet refers to the epichile is significantly narrower than hypochile of labellum. Taxonomic discussion:— On the basis of morphological characteristic, the new species should be placed in sect. Gastrochilus (Tsi 1996). However, the phylogenetic study indicates that species in clade III characterized by having long (10–15 cm in length) and slender stems (4–5 mm in diameter), falcate leaves with purple spots, medium-sized flowers (dorsal sepal 5–7 mm in length) and a slightly papillate epichile (Liu et al. 2019). Therefore, G. labrosus should be clustered into the clade III with its related species., Published as part of Liu, Qiang, Wu, Xun-Feng, Zhou, Shi-Shun, Li, Jian-Wu & Jin, Xiao-Hua, 2023, New species and record of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae) from China and Laos, pp. 210-224 in Phytotaxa 585 (3) on pages 218-220, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.585.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7690809, {"references":["Tsi, Z. H. (1996) A preliminary revision of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae). Guihaia 16: 123 - 154.","Averyanov, L. V. (1997) New species of orchids (Orchidaceae) from Vietnam. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 82: 131 - 148.","Liu, Q., Song, Y., Jin, X. H. & Gao, J. Y. (2019) Phylogenetic relationships of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 228 - 243. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / botlinnean / boy 084"]}

Gastrochilus wenshanensis Q. Liu, D.P. Ye & X.H. Jin, sp nov. (Ẋψfiffi±) (Figure 4–5) Type:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Wenshan Zhuang-Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Malipo County, Xiajinchang Village, limestone forest, 2155 m, 16 June 2016, Qiang Liu 342 (holotype: HITBC0056874!). Morphologically, it is similar to Gastrochilus tsii for having a pendulous and branched stem and a fleshy and glabrous epichile, but differs from the latter by the yellow-green flowers, petals oblanceolate with an acute apex, the slightly erose margin of the epichile, and the absence of purple stripes along the margin of the hypochile. Description:— Epiphytic herbs. Stem pendulous, 12–18 cm long, with 0.4–0.6 cm internodes, slender, often branched. Leaves alternate, distichous, ovate, 1.3–1.6 × 0.4–0.7 cm; apex acuminate and unequally 2-lobed with 1 awn (young leaf). Inflorescences several, opposite to leaves, subumbellate, 4–6-flowered; peduncle 1.6–2.7 cm long, slender, upper part enlarged, lower part with 2 sheaths; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm long; pedicel and ovary 3.2–4.0 mm long. Flowers yellow-green. Dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic, concave, 3.0–3.2 × 2.0– 2.2 mm, apex acute. Lateral sepals similar to dorsal sepal, 3.8–4.0 × 2.0– 2.2 mm, apex acute. Petals oblanceolate, 3.5–3.8 × 1.6–1.8 mm, apex acute. Lip with an epichile and a saccate hypochile; epichile sub-triangular, 2.5–2.8 × 5.0– 5.2 mm, fleshy, yellowish, adaxially glabrous, margin slightly erose, apex rounded; hypochile nearly cupular, with 3-ridges externally, 4.0– 4.5 mm tall, 4.0– 4.2 mm in diameter. Column stout with purple spots, ca. 1.0 mm; rostellum bilobed with acuminate apex; pollinia 2, subglobose, ca. 0.3 mm in diameter; stipe elongate, ca. 1.2 mm; viscidium elliptic, thick and bilobed; anther cap galeate with recurved–acuminate apex, 1.5 × 1.2 mm; Capsules not seen. Distribution and ecology:— This new species occurs in Malipo County, Yunnan Province, China. It grows on the rock at altitudes from 2055 to 2155 m in the limestone broad-leaved forests. Gastrochilus wenshanensis was observed flowering from June to July in the wild. Etymology:—Referring to the type locality, Wenshan Zhuang-Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Additional specimens examined(paratype):— CHINA: Yunnan Province: Wenshan MiaoAutonomous Prefecture, Malipo County, Xiajinchang Village, limestone forest, 2055 m, 16 June 2016, Qiang Liu 375 (HITBC 0056905!). Taxonomic discussion:— According to the characteristic of the long and pendulous stem, G. wenshanensis can be placed in section Microphyllae (Tsi 1996). However, some species were isolated from section Microphyllae by having dense hairs on the epichile, and clustered into clade V (Liu et al. 2019). While, other species with glabrous epichile were clustered into clade IV and new species of G. tsii and G. wenshenensis should be placed in this clade.

Gastrochilus menglaensis Q. Liu, Jian W. Li & X.H. Jin, sp. nov. (ƦOififfi±) (Figure 1–2) Type:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Mengla County, Yiwu town. Mountain rainforest, 1000 m, 15 October 2010, Jian-Tao Yin 1874 (holotype: HITBC!). Morphologically, Gastrochilus menglaensis is similar to G. somae (Hayata 1914: 93) Hayata (1915) and G. hainanensis Z.H. Tsi (1989: 21), particularly in the same erect and stout stem, epichile of lip with a reverse T-shaped groove at its base. But the new species could be distinguished from latters by having membranous sepals and petals, spatulate petals and sepals and petals with markedly 1-ridge in the middle. Description:— Epiphytic herbs. Stem erect, 1.5–2.0 cm long and 5.0 mm in diameter, with 4–5 leaves. Leaves nearly basal, distichous, blade falcate-oblong, 5.5–7.0 × 1.0– 1.2 cm, fleshy, apex obtuse and unequally 2-lobed. Inflorescences subumbellate, 5–6-flowered; peduncle straight, 5.0–6.0 mm, stout; floral bracts ovate, ca. 3.0 mm; pedicel and ovary 8.0–9.0 mm. Flowers with faint yellow and membranous sepals and petals, and white lip with purplish or yellow spots. Dorsal sepal, obovate- elliptic, 4.0–5.0 × 2.0– 2.2 mm, markedly 1-ridge in the middle, apex acuminate; lateral sepals similar to dorsal sepal slightly narrower; petals spatulate, 4.0–4.2 × 1.5–1.6 mm, markedly 1-ridge in the middle, apex acuminate. Lip with an epichile and a saccate hypochile; epichile subtriangular, 4.0–4.2 × 8.0–9.0 mm, thickly fleshy, glabrous, basal margin membranous and slightly erose, with a large central cushion, and a reverse T-shaped groove at its base, apex rounded, slightly recurved; hypochile subglobose, ca. 5.0 mm tall, 5.5–6.0 mm in diameter, white tinged with yellow at bottom and purplish blotches on margin, outside with 5 ridges. Column ca. 1.0 mm, stout; rostellum deeply 2–lobed; pollinia 2, ca. 1.0 mm in diameter; stipe elongate, ca. 1.5 mm; anther cap nearly subglobose, apex narrowed into a beak. Distribution and ecology:— Until present, this new species is known only from Mengla County, Yunnan Province, China and Namta Province, Laos. Gastrochilus menglaensis grows on tree trunks at altitudes from 720 to 1100 m in tropical mountane rainforest. Gastrochilus menglaensis was observed flowering in October in the wild. Etymology:— Referring to the type locality, Mengla County, Yunnan Province, China. Additional specimens examined (paratype):— LAOS. Namta Province: Louang Namtha National Natural Reserve, Mountain rainforest, 720 m, 20 October 2019, Shi-Shun Zhou 15855 (HITBC!). Taxonomic discussion:— On the basis of the stout (c. > 5 mm in diameter) stem, Gastrochilus menglaenensis can be placed in section Gastrochilus (Tsi 1996). However, the recently phylogenetic study shown that sect. Gastrochilus was well supported to divided into three clades, and G. somae was clustered into clade III by having long (10–15 cm in length) and slender stems (4–5 mm in diameter), falcate leaves with purple spots, medium-sized flowers (dorsal sepal 5–7 mm in length) and a slightly papillate epichile (Liu et al. 2019). Actually, the new species and G. somae should cluster into clade I by having short ( 8 mm in length) and a non-fimbriate, nonpapillate epichile (Liu et al. 2019). Therefore, it still needs to establish the robust classification schemes to resolve the infrageneric relationships of Gastrochilus in the further phylogenetic study., Published as part of Liu, Qiang, Wu, Xun-Feng, Zhou, Shi-Shun, Li, Jian-Wu & Jin, Xiao-Hua, 2023, New species and record of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae) from China and Laos, pp. 210-224 in Phytotaxa 585 (3) on page 211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.585.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7690809, {"references":["Hayata, B. (1914) Saccolabium somae. In: Icones Plantarum Formosanarum nec non et Contributiones ad Floram Formosanam volume 4. Bureau of Productive Industries, Government of Formosa, Taihoku, 93 pp.","Hayata, B. (1915) Gastrochilus somae. Icones plantarum Formosanarum, volume 4. Bureau of Productive Industries, Government of Formosa, Taihoku, Additions and Corrections.","Tsi, Z. H. (1989) New taxa of Orchidaceae from China. Bulletin of Botanical Research 9: 21 - 31.","Tsi, Z. H. (1996) A preliminary revision of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae). Guihaia 16: 123 - 154.","Liu, Q., Song, Y., Jin, X. H. & Gao, J. Y. (2019) Phylogenetic relationships of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 228 - 243. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / botlinnean / boy 084"]}

Series novel 3D Ln-MOFs containing both carboxyphenyl and pyridinyl moieties have been constructed. Tb-MOF fluorescence turn-on sensor of levofloxacin solution with highly sensitive and excellent selective was achieved through d-PET approach.