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5. Contemporary Management of Severe Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis

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Iung, Bernard, Bax, Jeroen, De Bonis, Michele, Delgado, Victoria, Haude, Michael, Hindricks, Gerhard, Maggioni, Aldo P., Pierard, Luc, Popescu, Bogdan A., Prendergast, Bernard, Price, Susanna, Rosenhek, Raphael, Ruschitzka, Frank, Vahanian, Alec, Wendler, Olaf, Windecker, Stephan, Mekhaldi, Souad, Lemaitre, Katell, Authier, Sébastien, Laroche, Cécile, Abdelhamid, Magdy, Apor, Astrid, Bajraktari, Gani, Beleslin, Branko, Bogachev-Prokophiev, Alexander, Demarco, Daniela Cassar, Pasquet, Agnes, Dogan, Sait Mesut, Erglis, Andrejs, Evangelista, Arturo, Goda, Artan, Ihlemann, Nikolaj, Ince, Huseyin, Katsaros, Andreas, Linhartova, Katerina, Mascherbauer, Julia, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Mizariene, Vaida, Rahman-Haley, Shelley, Ribeiras, Regina, Samadov, Fuad, Saraste, Antti, Simkova, Iveta, Kostovska, Elizabeta Srbinovska, Tomkiewicz-Pajak, Lidia, Tribouilloy, Christophe, Zera, Eliverta, Metalla, Mimoza, Shirka, Ervina, Dado, Elona, Bica, Loreta, Aleksi, Jorida, Knuti, Gerti, Gjyli, Lidra, Pjeci, Rudina, Shuperka, Eritinka, Lleshi, Erviola, Rustemaj, Joana, Qordja, Marsjon, Gina, Mirald, Husi, Senada, Basic, Daniel, Steringer-Mascherbauer, Regina, Huber, Charlotte, Ebner, Christian, Sigmund, Elisabeth, Ploechl, Andrea, Sturmberger, Thomas, Eder, Veronica, Koppler, Tanja, Heger, Maria, Kammerlander, Andreas, Duca, Franz, Binder, Christina, Koschutnik, Matthias, Perschy, Leonard, Puskas, Lisa, Ho, Chen-Yu, Aliyev, Farid, Guluzada, Vugar, Imanov, Galib, Ibrahimov, Firdovsi, Abbasaliyev, Abbasali, Ahmedov, Tahir, Muslumova, Fargana, Babayev, Jamil, Rustamova, Yasmin, Jahangirov, Tofig, Samadov, Rauf, Museyibov, Muxtar, Isayev, Elnur, Musayev, Oktay, Xalilov, Shahin, Huseynov, Saleh, Yuzbashova, Madina, Zamanov, Vuqar, Mammadov, Vusal, Van Camp, Gery, Penicka, Martin, Batjoens, Hedwig, Debonnaire, Philippe, Dendooven, Daniel, Knecht, Sebastien, Duytschaever, Mattias, Vandekerckhove, Yves, Missault, Luc, Muyldermans, Luc, Tavernier, René, De Grande, Tineke, Coussement, Patrick, DeTroyer, Joyce, Derycker, Katrien, De Jaegher, Kelly, Bondue, Antoine, Beauloye, Christophe, Goffinet, Céline, Mirica, Daniela Corina, Eynden, Frédéric Vanden, Van de Borne, Philippe, Van Frachen, Béatrice, Vancraeynest, David, Vanoverschelde, Jean Louis, Pierard, Sophie, Malanca, Mihaela, Sinnaeve, Florence, Tahon, Séverine, De Clippel, Marie, Gayet, Frederic, Loiseau, Jacques, Van de Veire, Nico, Moerman, Veronique, Willems, Anne-Marie, Cosyns, Bernard, Droogmans, Steven, Motoc, Andreea, Kerkhove, Dirk, Plein, Daniele, Roosens, Bram, Weytjens, Caroline, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Dulgheru, Elena Raluca, Parenicova, Ilona, Bedanova, Helena, Tousek, Frantisek, Sindelarova, Stepanka, Canadyova, Julia, Taborsky, Milos, Ostransky, Jiri, Ivona simkova, Vicha, Marek, Jelinek, Libor, Opavska, Irena, Homza, Miroslav, Kvrayola, Miriam, Brat, Radim, Mrozek, Dan, Lichnerova, Eva, Docekalova, Iveta, Zarybnicka, Marta, Peskova, Marketa, Roucka, Patrik, Stastna, Vlasta, Vondrackova, Dagmar Jungwirtova, Hornig, Alfred, Niznansky, Matus, Branny, Marian, Vodzinska, Alexandra, Dorda, Miloslav, Snkouril, Libor, Kluz, Krystyna, Kypusova, Jana, Nezvalova, Radka, Olsen, Niels Thue, Ali, Hosam Hasan, Taha, Salma, Hassan, Mohamed, Afifi, Ahmed, Kabil, Hamza, Mady, Amr, Ebaid, Hany, Ahmed, Yasser, Nour, Mohammad, Talaat, Islam, Sayed, CairoMaiy El, Mostafa, Ahmad Elsayed, Sadek, CairoYasser, Eltobgi, CairoSherif, Bakhoum, Sameh, Doss, Ramy, Sheashea, Mahmoud, Elasry, Abd Allah, Fouad, Ahmed, Baraka, Mahmoud, Samir, Sameh, Roshdy, Alaa, AbdelRazek, Yasmin, Abd Rabou, Mostafa M., Abobakr, Ahmed, Moaaz, Moemen, Mokhtar, Mohamed, Ashry, Mohamed, Elkhashab, Khaled, Ghareeb, Haytham Soliman, Kamal, Mostafa, AbdelRazek, Gomaa, Farag, GizaNabil, Elbarbary, Giza:Ahmed, Wahib, Evette, Kazamel, Ghada, Kamal, Diaa, Tantawy, Mahmoud, Alansary, Adel, Yahia, Mohammed, Mahmoud, Raouf, El Banna, Tamer, Atef, Mohamed, Nasr, Gamela, Ahmed, Salah, El Hefny, Ehab E., Saifelyazal, Islam, El Ghany, Mostafa Abd, El Rahman El Hadary, Abd, Khairy, Ahmed, Lommi, Jyri, Laine, Mika, Kylmala, Minna, Kankanen, Katja, Turpeinen, Anu, Hartikainen, Juha, Kujanen, Lari, Airaksinen, Juhani, Vasankari, Tuija, Szymanski, Catherine, Bohbot, Yohann, Gun, Mesut, Rousseaux, Justine, Biere, Loic, Mateus, Victor, Audonnet, Martin, Rautureau, Jérémy, Cornet, Charles, Sorbets, Emmanuel, Mear, BourgesKarine, Issa, Adi, Jobic, Yannick, Le Ven, Florent, Pouliquen, Marie-Claire, Gilard, Martine, Ohanessian, Alice, Farhat, Ali, Vlase, Alina, Said, Fkhar, Lasgi, Caroline, Sanchez, Carlos, Breil, Romain, Peignon, Marc, Elkaim, Jean-Philippe, Jan-Blin, Virginie, BertrandM'Ban, Sylvain Ropars, Bardet, Hélène, Sawadogo, Samuel, Muschoot, Aurélie, Tchatchoua, Dieudonné, Elhadad, Simon, Maubert, Aline, Lazizi, Tahar, Ourghi, Kais, Bonnet, Philippe, Menager-Gangloff, Clarisse, Gafsi, Sofiene, Mansouri, Djidjiga, Aboyans, Victor, Magne, Julien, Martins, Elie, Karm, Sarah, Mohty, Dania, Briday, Guillaume, David, Amandine, Marechaux, Sylvestre, Le Goffic, Caroline, Binda, Camille, Menet, Aymeric, Delelis, Francois, Ringlé, Anne, Castel, Anne-Laure, Appert, Ludovic, Tristram, Domitille, Trouillet, Camille, Nacer, Yasmine, Ngoy, Lucas, Habib, MarseilleGilbert, Thuny, Franck, Haentjens, Julie, Cautela, Jennifer, Lavoute, Cécile, Robin, Floriane, Armangau, Pauline, Vergeylen, Ugo, Sanhadji, Khalil, Abdallah, Nessim Hamed, Kerzazi, Hassan, Perianu, Mariana, Plurien, François, Oueslati, Chaker, Debauchez, Mathieu, Monin, Jean-Luc, Konstantinos, Zannis, Berrebi, Alain, Dibie, Alain, Lansac, Emmanuel, Veugeois, Aurélie, Diakov, Christelle, Caussin, Christophe, Czitrom, Daniel, Salvi, Suzanna, Amabile, Nicolas, Dervanian, Patrice, Lejeune, Stéphanie, Bagdadi, Imane, Mokrane, Yemmi, Rouault, Gilles, Abalea, Jerome, Leledy, Marion, Horen, Patrice, Donal, Erwan, Bosseau, Christian, Paven, Elise, Galli, Elena, Collette, Edouard, Urien, Jean-Marie, Bridonneau, Valentin, Gervais, Renaud, Bauer, Fabrice, Chopra, Houzefa, Charbonnier, Arthur, Attias, David, Dahouathi, Nesrine, Khounlaboud, Moukda, Daudin, Magalie, Thebault, Christophe, Hamon, Cécile, Couffon, Philippe, Bellot, Catherine, Vomscheid, Maelle, Bernard, Anne, Dion, Fanny, Naudin, Djedjiga, Mouzouri, Mohammed, Rudelin, Mathilde, Berenfeld, Alain, Vanzwaelmen, Thibault, Alloui, Tarik, Radovikj, Marija Gjerakaroska, Jordanova, Slavica, Scholtz, Werner, Liberda-Knoke, Eva, Wiemer, Melanie, Mugge, Andreas, Nickenig, Georg, Sinning, Jan-Malte, Sedaghat, Alexander, Heintzen, Matthias, Ballof, Jan, Frenk, Daniel, Hambrecht, Rainer, Wienbergen, Harm, Seidel, Annemarie, Osteresch, Rico, Kramer, Kirsten, Ziemann, Janna, Schulze, Ramona, Fehske, Wolfgang, Eifler, Clarissa, Wafaisade, Bahram, Kuhn, Andreas, Fischer, Sören, Lichtenberg, Lutz, Brunold, Mareike, Simons, Judith, Balling, Doris, Buck, Thomas, Plicht, Bjoern, Schols, Wolfgang, Ebelt, Henning, Chamieh, Marwan, Anacker, Jelena, Rassaf, Tienush, Janosi, Alexander, Lind, Alexander, Lortz, Julia, Lüdike, Peter, Kahlert, Philipp, Rittger, Harald, Eichinger, Gabriele, Kuhls, Britta, Felix, Stephan B., Lehnert, Kristin, Pedersen, Ann-Louise, Dorr, Marcus, Empen, Klaus, Kaczmarek, Sabine, Busch, Mathias, Baly, Mohammed, Er, Fikret, Duman, Erkan, Gabriel, Linda, Weinbrenner, Christof, Bauersachs, Johann, Wider, Julian, Kempf, Tibor, Bohm, Michael, Schulze, Paul-Christian, Poerner, C. Tudor, Möbius-Winkler, Sven, Lenk, Karsten, Heitkamp, Kerstin, Franz, Marcus, Krauspe, Sabine, Schumacher, Burghard, Windmuller, Volker, Kurwitz, Sarah, Thiele, Holger, Kurz, Thomas, Meyer-Saraei, Roza, Akin, Ibrahim, Fastner, Christian, Lossnitzer, Dirk, Hoffmann, Ursula, Borggrefe, Martin, Baumann, Stefan, Kircher, Brigitte, Foellinger, Claudia, Dietz, Heike, Schieffer, Bernhard, Niroomand, Feraydoon, Mudra, Harald, Maier, Lars, Camboni, Daniele, Birner, Christoph, Debl, Kurt, Paulus, Michael, Seither, Benedikt, El Mokhtari, Nour Eddine, Oner, Alper, Caglayan, Evren, Sherif, Mohammed, Yucel, Seyrani, Custodis, Florian, Schwinger, Robert, Vorpahl, Marc, Seyfarth, Melchior, Nover, Ina, Koehler, Till, Christiani, Sarah, Sanchez, David Calvo, Schanze, Barbel, Sigusch, Holger, Salman, Athir, Hancock, Jane, Chambers, John, Demetrescue, Camelia, Prendergast, Claire, Dalby, Miles, Smith, Robert, Rogers, Paula, Riley, Cheryl, Tousoulis, Dimitris, Kanakakis, Ioannis, Spargias, Konstantinos, Lampropoulos, Konstantinos, Panagiotis, Tolis, Koutsoukis, Athanasios, Michalis, Lampros, Goudevenos, Ioannis, Bellos, Vasileios, Papafaklis, Michail, Lakkas, Lampros, Hahalis, George, Makris, Athanasios, Karvounis, Haralampos, Kamperidis, Vasileios, Ninios, Vlasis, Sachpekidis, Vasileios, Rouskas, Pavlos, Poulimenos, Leonidas, Charalampidis, Georgios, Hamodraka, Eftihia, Manolis, Athanasios, Kiss, Robert Gabor, Borsanyi, Tunde, Jarai, Zoltan, Zsary, Andras, Bartha, Elektra, Kosztin, Annamaria, Doronina, Alexandra, Kovacs, Attila, Imre, Barabas Janos, Chao, Chun, Benke, Kalman, Karoczkai, Istvan, Keltai, Kati, Förchécz, Zsolt, Pozsonyi, Zoltán, Jenei, Zsigmond, Patthy, Adam, Sallai, Laszlo, Majoros, Zsuzsanna, Pál, Tamás, Bencze, Jusztina, Sagi, Ildiko, Molnar, Andrea, Kurczina, Anita, Kolodzey, Gabor, Edes, Istvan, Szatmari, Valeria, Zajacz, Zsuzsanna, Cziraki, Attila, Nemeth, Adam, Faludi, Reka, Vegh, Laszlone, Jebelovszki, Eva, Lupkovics, Geza Karoly, Kovacs, Zsofia, Horvath, Andras, Berisha, Gezim, Ibrahimi, Pranvera, Percuku, Luan, Arapova, Rano, Laahunova, Elmira, Neronova, Kseniia, Zhakypova, Zarema, Naizabekova, Gulira, Muratova, Gulnazik, Sime, Iveta, Sorokins, Nikolajs, Kamzola, Ginta, Cgojeva-Sproge, Irina, Rancane, Gita, Valentinaviciene, Ramune, Rudiene, Laima, Raugaliene, Rasa, Bardzilauske, Aiste, Jonkaitiene, Regina, Petrauskaite, Jurate, Bieseviciene, Monika, Verseckaite, Raimonda, Zvirblyte, Ruta, Kalibatiene, Danute, Radauskaite, Greta, Janaviciute-Matuzeviciene, Gabija, Jancauskaite, Dovile, Balkute, Deimile, Maneikyte, Juste, Mileryte, Ingrida, Vaisvilaite, Monika, Gedvilaite, Lina, Biliukas, Mykolas, Karpaviciene, Vaiva, Xuereb, Robert George, Pllaha, Elton, Djaberi, Roxana, Komor, Klaudiusz, Gorgon-Komor, Agnieszka, Loranc, Beata, Myszor, Jaroslaw, Mizia-Stec, Katarzyna, Berger-Kucza, Adrianna, Mizia, Magdalena, Polak, Mateusz, Bogacki, Piotr, Podolec, Piotr, Komar, Monika, Sedziwy, Ewa, Sliwiak, Dorota, Sobien, Bartosz, Rog, Beata, Hlawaty, Marta, Gancarczyk, Urszula, Libiszewska, Natasza, Sorysz, Danuta, Gackowski, Andrzej, Cieply, Malgorzata, Misiuda, Agnieszka, Racibor, Franciszek, Nytko, Anna, Widenka, Kazimierz, Kolowca, Maciej, Bak, Janusz, Curzytek, Andrzej, Regulski, Mateusz, Kamela, Malgorzata, Wisniowski, Mateusz, Hryniewiecki, Tomasz, Szymanski, Piotr, Rozewicz, Monika, Grabowski, Maciej, Duchnowski, Piotr, Budaj, Andrzej, Zaborska, Beata, Pilichowska-Paskiet, Ewa, Sikora-Frac, Malgorzata, Slomski, Tomasz, Joao, Isabel, Cruz, Ines, Pereira, Hélder, Cale, Rita, Marques, Ana, Pereira, Ana Rita, Morais, Carlos, Freitas, Antonio, Roque, David, Antunes, Nuno, Pereira, Antonio Costeira, Vieira, Catarina, Salome, Nuno, Martins, Juliana, Campos, Isabel, Cardoso, Goncalo, Silva, Claudia, Oliveira, Afonso, Goncalves, Mariana, Martins, Rui, Quintal, Nuno, Mendes, Bruno, Silva, Joseline, Ferreira, Joao, Milner, James, Alves, Patricia, Marinho, Vera, Gago, Paula, Amado, Jose, Bispo, Joao, Bento, Dina, Machado, Inocencia, Oliveira, Margarida, Calvo, Lucy, von Hate, Pedro, Faria, Bebiana, Galrinho, Ana, Branco, Luisa, Goncalves, Antonio, Mendonca, Tiago, Selas, Mafalda, Macedo, Filipe, Sousa, Carla, Cabral, Sofia, Oliveira, Filomena, Trepa, Maria, Fontes-Oliveira, Marta, Nunes, Alzira, Araújo, Paulo, Ribeiro, Vasco Gama, Almeida, Joao, Rodrigues, Alberto, Braga, Pedro, Dias, Sonia, Carvalho, Sofia, Ferreira, Catarina, Ferreira, Alberto, Mateus, Pedro, Moz, Miguel, Leao, Silvia, Margato, Renato, Moreira, Ilidio, Guimanaes, Jose, Ribeiro, Joana, Goncalves, Fernando, Cabral, Jose, Almeida, Ines, Goncalves, Luisa, Tarusi, Mariana, Pop, Calin, Matei, Claudia, Tint, Diana, Barbulescu, Sanziana, Micu, Sorin, Pop, Ioana, Baba, Costica, Dimulescu, Doina, Dorobantu, Maria, Ginghina, Carmen, Onut, Roxana, Popescu, Andreea, Zamfirescu, Brandusa, Aflorii, Raluca, Popescu, Mihaela, Ghilencea, Liviu, Rachieru, Andreeea, Stoian, Monica, Oprescu, Nicoleta, Iancovici, Silvia, Petre, Iona, Mateescu, Anca Doina, Calin, Andreea, Botezatu, Simona, Enache, Roxana, Rosca, Monica, Ciuperca, Daniela, Babalac, Evelyn, Beyer, Ruxandra, Cadis, Laura, Rancea, Raluca, Tomoaia, Raluca, Rosianu, Adela, Kovacs, Emese, Militaru, Constantin, Craciun, Alina, Mirea, Oana, Florescu, Mihaela, Grigorica, Lucica, Dragusin, Daniela, Nechita, Luiza, Marinescu, Mihai, Chiscaneanu, Teodor, Botezatu, Lucia, Corciova, Costela, Petris, Antoniu Octavian, Arsenescu-Georgescu, Catalina, Salaru, Delia, Alexandrescu, Dan Mihai, Plesoianu, Carmjen, Tanasa, Ana, Mitu, Ovidiu, Costache, Irina Iuliana, Tudorancea, Ionut, Usurelu, Catalin, Eminovici, Gabriela, Manitiu, Ioan, Stoia, Oana, Mitre, Adriana, Nistor, Dan-Octavian, Maier, Anca, Lupu, Silvia, Opris, Mihaela, Ionac, Adina, Popescu, Irina, Crisan, Simina, Mornos, Cristian, Goanta, Flavia, Gruescu, Liana, Voinescu, Oana, Petcu, Madalina, Cozlac, Ramona, Damrina, Elena, Khilova, Liliya, Ryazantseva, Irina, Kozmin, Dmitry, Kiseleva, Maria, Goncharova, Marina, Kitalaeva, Kamila, Demetskay, Victoria, Verevetinov, Artem, Fomenko, Mikhail, Skripkina, Elena, Tsoi, Viktor, Antipov, Georgii, Schneider, Yuri, Yazikov, Denis, Makarova, Marina, Cherkes, Aleksei, Ermakova, Natalya, Medvedev, Aleksandr, Sarosek, Anastasia, Isayan, Mikhail, Voronova, Tatyana, Kulumbegov, Oleg, Tuchina, Alina, Stefanov, Sergei, Klimova, Margarita, Smolyaninov, Konstantin, Dandarova, Zhargalma, Magamet, Victoriya, Spiropulos, Natalia, Boldyrev, Sergey, Barbukhatty, Kirill, Buyankov, Dmitrii, Yurin, Vladimir, Gross, Yuriy, Boronin, Maksim, Mikhaleva, Mariya, Shablovskaya, Mariya, Zotov, Alex, Borisov, Daniil, Tereshchenko, Vasily, Zubova, Ekaterina, Kuzmin, A., Tarasenko, Ivan, Gamzaev, Alishir, Borovkova, Natalya, Koroleva, Tatyana, Botova, Svetlana, Pochinka, Ilya, Dunaeva, Vera, Teplitskaya, Victoria, Semenova, Elena I., Korabel'Nikova, Olga V., Simonov, Denis S., Denisenko, Elena, Harina, Natalia, Yarohno, Natalia, Alekseeva, Svetlana, Abydenkova, Julia, Shabalkina, Lyubov, Mayorova, Olga, Tsechanovich, Valeriy, Medvedev, Igor, Lepilin, Michail, Nemchenko, PenzaEvgenii, Karnahin, Vadim, Safina, Vasilya, Slastin, Yaroslav, Gilfanova, Venera, Gorbunov, Roman, Jakubov, Ramis, Fazylova, Aigul, Poteev, Mansur, Vazetdinova, Laysan, Tarasova, Indira, Irgaliyev, Rishat, Moiseeva, Olga, Gordeev, Mikhail, Irtyuga, Olga, Moiseeva, Raisa, Ostanina, Nina, Zverev, Dmitry, Murtazalieva, Patimat, Kuznetsov, Dmitry, Skurativa, Mariya, Polyaeva, Larisa, Mihaiilov, Kirill, Obrenovic-Kircanski, Biljana, Putnik, Svetozar, Simic, Dragan, Petrovic, Milan, Nikolic, Natasa Markovic, Jovovic, Ljiljana, Ostric, Dimitra Kalimanovska, Brajovic, Milan, Manojlovic, Milica Dekleva, Novakovic, Vladimir, Zamaklar-Trifunovic, Danijela, Orbovic, Bojana, Petrovic, Olga, Boricic-Kostic, Marija, Andjelkovic, Kristina, Milanov, Marko, Despotovic-Nikolic, Maja, Budisavljevic, Sreten, Veljkovic, Sanja, Cvetinovic, Nataša, Lepojevic, Daniijela, Todorovic, Aleksandra, Nikolic, Aleksandra, Borzanovic, Branislava, Trkulja, Ljiljana, Tomic, Slobodan, Vukovic, Milan, Milosavljevic, Jelica, Milanovic, Mirjana, Stakic, Vladan, Cvetkovic, Aleksandra, Milutinovic, Suzana, Bozic, Olivera, Miladinovic, Miodrag, Nikolic, Zoran, Despotovic, Dinka, Jovanovic, Dimitrije, Stojsic-Milosavljevic, Anastazija, Ilic, Aleksandra, Sladojevic, Mirjana, Susak, Stamenko, Maletin, Srdjan, Pavlovic, Salvo, Kuzmanovic, Vladimir, Ivanovic, Nikola, Dejanovic, Jovana, Ruzicic, Dusan, Drajic, Dragana, Cvetanovic, Danijel, Mirkovic, Marija, Omoran, Jon, Margoczy, Roman, Sedminova, Katarina, Reptova, Adriana, Baranova, Eva, Valkovicova, Tatiana, Valocik, Gabriel, Kurecko, Marian, Vachalcova, Marianna, Kollarova, Alzbeta, Studencan, Martin, Alusik, Daniel, Kozlej, Marek, Macakova, Jana, Moral, Sergio, Cladellas, Merce, Luiso, Daniele, Calvo, Alicia, Palet, Jordi, Carballo, Juli, Tura, Gisela Teixido, Maldonado, Giuliana, Gutierrez, Laura, Gonzalez-Alujas, Teresa, Jose Fernando, Rodriguez Palomares, Villalva, Nicolas, Molina-Mora, Ma Jose, Paton, Ramon Rubio, Martinez Diaz, Juan Jose, Ruiz, Pablo Ramos, Valle, Alfonso, Rodriguez, Ana, Alania, Edgardo, Galcera, Emilio, Seller, Julia, Valenzuela, Gonzalo de la Morena, Espin, Daniel Saura, Garcia, Dolores Espinosa, Oliva Sandoval, Maria Jose, Gonzalez, Josefa, Navarro, Miguel Garcia, Perez-Martinez, Maria Teresa, Ortega Trujillo, Jose Ramon, Gallego, Irene Menduina, San Roman, Daniel, Perez Nogales, Eliu David, Medina, Olga, Montiel Quintero, Rodolfo Antonio, Bujanda Morun, Pablo Felipe, Perez, Marta Lopez, Huaripata, Jimmy Plasencia, Morales Gonzalez, Juan Jose, Nelson, Veronica Quevedo, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Gomez, Ariana Gonzalez, Fraile, Alfonso, Alberca, Maria Teresa, Martin, Joaquin Alonso, Fernandez-Golfin, Covadonga, Ramos, Javier, Jimenez, Sergio Hernandez, Mitroi, Cristina, Sanchez Fernandez, Pedro L., Diaz-Pelaez, Elena, Garde, Beatriz, Caballero, Luis, Garcia, Fermin Martinez, Cambronero, Francisco, Castro, Noelia, Castro, Antonio, De La Rosa, Alejandro, Gallego, Pastora, Mendez, Irene, Villegas, David Villagomez, Correa, Manuel Gonzalez, Calvo, Roman, Florian, Francisco, Paya, Rafael, Esteban, Esther, Buendia, Francisco, Cubillos, Andrés, Fernandez, Carmen, Cárdenas, Juan Pablo, Pérez-Boscá, José Leandro, Vano, Joan, Belchi, Joaquina, Iglesia-Carreno, Cristina, Iglesias, Francisco Calvo, Escudero-Gonzalez, Aida, Zapateria-Lucea, Sergio, Duarte, Juan Sterling, Perez-Davila, Lara, Cobas-Paz, Rafael, Besada-Montenegro, Rosario, Fontao-Romeo, Maribel, Lopez-Rodriguez, Elena, Paredes-Galan, Emilio, Caneiro-Queija, Berenice, Gonzalez, Alba Guitian, Bozkurt, Abdi, Demir, Serafettin, Unlu, Durmus, Cagliyan, Caglar Emre, Ikikardes, Muslum Firat, Tangalay, Mustafa, Kuloglu, Osman, Ozer, Necla, Canpolat, Ugur, Kemaloglu, Melek Didem, Demirtas, Abdullah Orhan, Akgün, Didar Elif, Avci, Eyup, Taylan, Gokay, Yilmaztepe, Mustafa Adem, Ucar, Fatih Mehmet, Altay, Servet, Gurdogan, Muhammet, Gudul, Naile Eris, Aktas, Mujdat, Buyuklu, Mutlu, Degirmenci, Husnu, Turan, Mehmet Salih, Mert, Kadir Ugur, Mert, Gurbet Ozge, Dural, Muhammet, Arslan, Sukru, Sayar, Nurten, Kanar, Batur, Sadic, Beste Ozben, Sahin, Ahmet Anil, Buyuk, Ahmet, Kilicarslan, Onur, Bostan, Cem, Yildirim, Tarik, Yildirim, Seda Elcim, Cosansu, Kahraman, Varim, Perihan, Ilguz, Ersin, Demirbag, Recep, Yesilay, Asuman, Cirit, Abdullah, Tusun, Eyyup, Erkus, Emre, Sayin, Muhammet Rasit, Kazaz, Zeynep, Kul, Selim, Karabag, Turgut, Kalayci, Belma, Eugène, Marc, and Bax, Jeroen J.

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2021
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13. Clinical outcomes at medium-term follow-up of COVID-19

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Barbara, Jessica-Marie, primary, Gatt, Jessica, additional, Xuereb, Rachel-Anne, additional, Tabone Adami, Nicholas, additional, Darmanin, Jessica, additional, Erasmi, Renee, additional, G Xuereb, Robert, additional, Barbara, Christopher, additional, Stephen, Fava, additional, and Jane Magri, Caroline, additional

Published
2022
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18. Abstract 12832: Yield From Family Screening in a National Adolescent Cardiac Screening Program

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Abela, Mark, primary, Debattista, Jessica, additional, Scerri, Jeanesse, additional, YAMAGATA, KENTARO, additional, Tiziana, Felice, additional, Zammit Burg, Melanie R, additional, Sammut, Mark A, additional, Xuereb, Robert G, additional, Grech, Victor, additional, Scerri, Christian, additional, monserrat, lorenzo I, additional, and Papadakis, Michael, additional

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2021
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21. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European respiratory society (ERS) : The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Author

Konstantinides, Stavros V., Meyer, Guy, Bueno, Hector, Galié, Nazzareno, Gibbs, J. Simon R., Ageno, Walter, Agewall, Stefan, Almeida, Ana G., Andreotti, Felicita, Barbato, Emanuele, Baumbach, Andreas, Beygui, Farzin, Carlsen, Jørn, De Carlo, Marco, Delcroix, Marion, Subias, Pilar Escribano, Gaine, Sean, Goldhaber, Samuel Z., Gopalan, Deepa, Habib, Gilbert, Jenkins, David, Kjellström, Barbro, Lainscak, Mitja, Lee, Geraldine, Le Gal, Grégoire, Messas, Emmanuel, Morais, Joao, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Price, Susanna, Salvi, Aldo, Sanchez, Olivier, Stortecky, Stefan, Thielmann, Matthias, Noordegraaf, Anton Vonk, Becattini, Cecilia, Bueno, Héctor, Geersing, Geert Jan, Harjola, Veli Pekka, Huisman, Menno V., Humbert, Marc, Jennings, Catriona Sian, Jiménez, David, Kucher, Nils, Lang, Irene Marthe, Lankeit, Mareike, Lorusso, Roberto, Mazzolai, Lucia, Meneveau, Nicolas, Áinle, Fionnuala Ní, Prandoni, Paolo, Pruszczyk, Piotr, Righini, Marc, Torbicki, Adam, Van Belle, Eric, Zamorano, José Luis, Windecker, Stephan, Aboyans, Victor, Baigent, Colin, Collet, Jean Philippe, Dean, Veronica, Delgado, Victoria, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gale, Chris P., Grobbee, Diederick E., Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Katus, Hugo A., Landmesser, Ulf, Leclercq, Christophe, Lettino, Maddalena, Lewis, Basil S., Merkely, Bela, Mueller, Christian, Petersen, Steffen E., Petronio, Anna Sonia, Richter, Dimitrios J., Roffi, Marco, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Simpson, Iain A., Sousa-Uva, Miguel, Touyz, Rhian M., Hammoudi, Naima, Hayrapetyan, Hamlet, Mascherbauer, Julia, Ibrahimov, Firdovsi, Polonetsky, Oleg, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Tokmakova, Mariya, Skoric, Bosko, Michaloliakos, Ioannis, Hutyra, Martin, Mellemkjaer, Søren, Mansour, Mostafa, Reinmets, Julia, Jääskeläinen, Pertti, Angoulvant, Denis, Bauersachs, Johann, Giannakoulas, George, Zima, Endre, Vizza, Carmine Dario, Sugraliyev, Akhmetzhan, Bytyçi, Ibadete, Maca, Aija, Ereminiene, Egle, Huijnen, Steve, Xuereb, Robert, Diaconu, Nadejda, Bulatovic, Nebojsa, Asfalou, Ilyasse, Bosevski, Marijan, Halvorsen, Sigrun, Sobkowicz, Bozena, Ferreira, Daniel, Petris, Antoniu Octavian, Moiseeva, Olga, Zavatta, Marco, Obradovic, Slobodan, Šimkova, Iveta, Radsel, Peter, Ibanez, Borja, Wikström, Gerhard, Aujesky, Drahomir, Kaymaz, Cihangir, Parkhomenko, Alexander, and Pepke-Zaba, Joanna

Subjects
thrombolysis, pulmonary embolism, treatment, diagnosis, education, venous thromboembolism, biomarkers, heart failure, shock, Embolectomy, Guidelines, dyspnoea, right ventricle, humanities, Anticoagulation, Pregnancy, Venous thrombosis, Journal Article, echocardiography, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, health care economics and organizations, Risk assessment
Abstract

Guidelines summarize and evaluate available evidence with the aim of assisting health professionals in proposing the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition. Guidelines and their recommendations should facilitate decision making of health professionals in their daily practice. However, the final decisions concerning an individual patient must be made by the responsible health professional(s) in consultation with the patient and caregiver as appropriate.

Published
2020

22. European society of cardiology

Author

Timmis, Adam, Townsend, Nick, Gale, Chris P., Torbica, Aleksandra, Lettino, Maddalena, Petersen, Steffen E., Mossialos, Elias A., Maggioni, Aldo P., Kazakiewicz, Dzianis, May, Heidi T, De Smedt, Delphine, Flather, Marcus, Zuhlke, Liesl, Beltrame, John F., Huculeci, Radu, Tavazzi, Luigi, Hindricks, Gerhard, Bax, Jeroen, Casadei, Barbara, Achenbach, Stephan, Wright, Lucy, Vardas, Panos, Mimoza, Lezha, Artan, Goda, Aurel, Demiraj, Chettibi, Mohammed, Hammoudi, Naima, Sisakian, Hamayak, Pepoyan, Sergey, Metzler, Bernhard, Siostrzonek, Peter, Weidinger, Franz, Jahangirov, Tofig, Aliyev, Farid, Rustamova, Yasmin, Manak, Nikolay, Mrochak, Aliaksandr, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Pasquet, Agnès, Claeys, Marc, Kušljugić, Zumreta, Dizdarević Hudić, Larisa, Smajić, Elnur, Tokmakova, Mariya Petkova, Gatzov, Plamen Marinov, Milicic, Davor, Bergovec, Mijo, Christou, Christos, Moustra, Hera Heracleous, Christodoulides, Theodoros, Linhart, Ales, Taborsky, Milos, Hansen, Henrik Steen, Holmvang, Lene, Kristensen, Steen Dalby, Abdelhamid, Magdy, Shokry, Khaled, Kampus, Priit, Viigimaa, Margus, Ryödi, Essi, Niemelä, Matti, Rissanen, Tuomas T., Le Heuzey, Jean-Yves, Gilard, Martine, Aladashvili, A., Gamkrelidze, A., Kereselidze, Maia, Zeiher, A., Katus, H., Bestehorn, K., Tsioufis, Costas, Goudevenos, John, Csanádi, Zoltán, Becker, Dávid, Tóth, Kálmán, Jóna Hrafnkelsdóttir, Þórdís, Crowley, James, Kearney, Peter, Dalton, Barbra, Zahger, Doron, Wolak, Arik, Gabrielli, Domenico, Indolfi, Ciro, Urbinati, Stefano, Imantayeva, Gulnara, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bajraktari, Gani, Ahmeti, Artan, Berisha, Gezim, Erkin, Mirrakhimov, Saamay, Abilova, Erglis, Andrejs, Bajare, Iveta, Jegere, Sanda, Mohammed, Malek, Sarkis, Antoine, Saadeh, Georges, Zvirblyte, Ruta, Sakalyte, Gintare, Slapikas, Rimvydas, Ellafi, Khaled, El Ghamari, Fathi, Banu, Cristiana, Beissel, Jean, Felice, Tiziana, Buttigieg, Sandra C, Xuereb, Robert G., Popovici, Mihail, Boskovic, Aneta, Rabrenovic, Miroslav, Ztot, Samir, Abir-khalil, Saadia, van Rossum, A. C., Mulder, B. J. M., Elsendoorn, M. W., Srbinovska-Kostovska, Elizabeta, Kostov, Jorgo, Marjan, Bosevski, Steigen, Terje, Mjølstad, Ole Christian, Ponikowski, Piotr, Witkowski, Adam, Jankowski, Piotr, Gil, Victor Machado, Mimoso, Jorge, Baptista, Sérgio, Vinereanu, Dragos, Chioncel, Ovidiu, Popescu, Bogdan A., Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Oganov, Raphael, Foscoli, Marina, Zavatta, Marco, Dikic, Ana Djordjevic, Beleslin, Branko, Radovanovic, Mina Radosavljevic, Hlivák, Peter, Hatala, Robert, Kaliská, Gabriela, Kenda, Miran, Fras, Zlatko, Anguita, Manuel, Cequier, Ángel, Muñiz, Javier, James, Stefan, Johansson, Bengt, Platonov, Pyotr, Zellweger, Michael Johannes, Pedrazzini, Giovanni B., Carballo, David, Shebli, Hussam Eddin, Kabbani, Samer, Abid, Leila, Addad, Faouzi, Bozkurt, Engin, Kayıkçıoğlu, Meral, Erol, Mustafa Kemal, Kovalenko, Volodymyr, Nesukay, Elena, Wragg, Andrew, Ludman, Peter, Ray, Simon, Kurbanov, Ravshanbek, Boateng, Dennis, Daval, Ghislain, De Benito Rubio, Víctor, Sebastiao, David, De Courtelary, Paola Thellung, Bardinet, Isabel, Cardiology, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, APH - Personalized Medicine, and APH - Aging & Later Life

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Mortality • morbidity, Health infrastructure, Cardiology, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, European Society of Cardiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, RISK FACTORS, SERVICE PROVISION, STATISTICS, Interquartile range, Internal medicine, Statistics, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Service provision, Mortality, Disease burden, business.industry, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular disease, Obesity, Europe, Years of potential life lost, Risk factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypertension, Income, Female, Population Risk, Morbidity, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Body mass index
Abstract

Aims The 2019 report from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas provides a contemporary analysis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics across 56 member countries, with particular emphasis on international inequalities in disease burden and healthcare delivery together with estimates of progress towards meeting 2025 World Health Organization (WHO) non-communicable disease targets. Methods and results In this report, contemporary CVD statistics are presented for member countries of the ESC. The statistics are drawn from the ESC Atlas which is a repository of CVD data from a variety of sources including the WHO, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, and the World Bank. The Atlas also includes novel ESC sponsored data on human and capital infrastructure and cardiovascular healthcare delivery obtained by annual survey of the national societies of ESC member countries. Across ESC member countries, the prevalence of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and diabetes has increased two- to three-fold during the last 30 years making the WHO 2025 target to halt rises in these risk factors unlikely to be achieved. More encouraging have been variable declines in hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption but on current trends only the reduction in smoking from 28% to 21% during the last 20 years appears sufficient for the WHO target to be achieved. The median age-standardized prevalence of major risk factors was higher in middle-income compared with high-income ESC member countries for hypertension {23.8% [interquartile range (IQR) 22.5–23.1%] vs. 15.7% (IQR 14.5–21.1%)}, diabetes [7.7% (IQR 7.1–10.1%) vs. 5.6% (IQR 4.8–7.0%)], and among males smoking [43.8% (IQR 37.4–48.0%) vs. 26.0% (IQR 20.9–31.7%)] although among females smoking was less common in middle-income countries [8.7% (IQR 3.0–10.8) vs. 16.7% (IQR 13.9–19.7%)]. There were associated inequalities in disease burden with disability-adjusted life years per 100 000 people due to CVD over three times as high in middle-income [7160 (IQR 5655–8115)] compared with high-income [2235 (IQR 1896–3602)] countries. Cardiovascular disease mortality was also higher in middle-income countries where it accounted for a greater proportion of potential years of life lost compared with high-income countries in both females (43% vs. 28%) and males (39% vs. 28%). Despite the inequalities in disease burden across ESC member countries, survey data from the National Cardiac Societies of the ESC showed that middle-income member countries remain severely under-resourced compared with high-income countries in terms of cardiological person-power and technological infrastructure. Under-resourcing in middle-income countries is associated with a severe procedural deficit compared with high-income countries in terms of coronary intervention, device implantation and cardiac surgical procedures. Conclusion A seemingly inexorable rise in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes currently provides the greatest challenge to achieving further reductions in CVD burden across ESC member countries. Additional challenges are provided by inequalities in disease burden that now require intensification of policy initiatives in order to reduce population risk and prioritize cardiovascular healthcare delivery, particularly in the middle-income countries of the ESC where need is greatest.

Published
2020

23. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European respiratory society (ERS): The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

Author

HAG Trombose, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Cancer, Global Health, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 9, Konstantinides, Stavros V., Meyer, Guy, Bueno, Hector, Galié, Nazzareno, Gibbs, J. Simon R., Ageno, Walter, Agewall, Stefan, Almeida, Ana G., Andreotti, Felicita, Barbato, Emanuele, Baumbach, Andreas, Beygui, Farzin, Carlsen, Jørn, De Carlo, Marco, Delcroix, Marion, Subias, Pilar Escribano, Gaine, Sean, Goldhaber, Samuel Z., Gopalan, Deepa, Habib, Gilbert, Jenkins, David, Kjellström, Barbro, Lainscak, Mitja, Lee, Geraldine, Le Gal, Grégoire, Messas, Emmanuel, Morais, Joao, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Price, Susanna, Salvi, Aldo, Sanchez, Olivier, Stortecky, Stefan, Thielmann, Matthias, Noordegraaf, Anton Vonk, Becattini, Cecilia, Bueno, Héctor, Geersing, Geert Jan, Harjola, Veli Pekka, Huisman, Menno V., Humbert, Marc, Jennings, Catriona Sian, Jiménez, David, Kucher, Nils, Lang, Irene Marthe, Lankeit, Mareike, Lorusso, Roberto, Mazzolai, Lucia, Meneveau, Nicolas, Áinle, Fionnuala Ní, Prandoni, Paolo, Pruszczyk, Piotr, Righini, Marc, Torbicki, Adam, Van Belle, Eric, Zamorano, José Luis, Windecker, Stephan, Aboyans, Victor, Baigent, Colin, Collet, Jean Philippe, Dean, Veronica, Delgado, Victoria, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gale, Chris P., Grobbee, Diederick E., Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Katus, Hugo A., Landmesser, Ulf, Leclercq, Christophe, Lettino, Maddalena, Lewis, Basil S., Merkely, Bela, Mueller, Christian, Petersen, Steffen E., Petronio, Anna Sonia, Richter, Dimitrios J., Roffi, Marco, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Simpson, Iain A., Sousa-Uva, Miguel, Touyz, Rhian M., Hammoudi, Naima, Hayrapetyan, Hamlet, Mascherbauer, Julia, Ibrahimov, Firdovsi, Polonetsky, Oleg, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Tokmakova, Mariya, Skoric, Bosko, Michaloliakos, Ioannis, Hutyra, Martin, Mellemkjaer, Søren, Mansour, Mostafa, Reinmets, Julia, Jääskeläinen, Pertti, Angoulvant, Denis, Bauersachs, Johann, Giannakoulas, George, Zima, Endre, Vizza, Carmine Dario, Sugraliyev, Akhmetzhan, Bytyçi, Ibadete, Maca, Aija, Ereminiene, Egle, Huijnen, Steve, Xuereb, Robert, Diaconu, Nadejda, Bulatovic, Nebojsa, Asfalou, Ilyasse, Bosevski, Marijan, Halvorsen, Sigrun, Sobkowicz, Bozena, Ferreira, Daniel, Petris, Antoniu Octavian, Moiseeva, Olga, Zavatta, Marco, Obradovic, Slobodan, Šimkova, Iveta, Radsel, Peter, Ibanez, Borja, Wikström, Gerhard, Aujesky, Drahomir, Kaymaz, Cihangir, Parkhomenko, Alexander, Pepke-Zaba, Joanna, HAG Trombose, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Cancer, Global Health, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 9, Konstantinides, Stavros V., Meyer, Guy, Bueno, Hector, Galié, Nazzareno, Gibbs, J. Simon R., Ageno, Walter, Agewall, Stefan, Almeida, Ana G., Andreotti, Felicita, Barbato, Emanuele, Baumbach, Andreas, Beygui, Farzin, Carlsen, Jørn, De Carlo, Marco, Delcroix, Marion, Subias, Pilar Escribano, Gaine, Sean, Goldhaber, Samuel Z., Gopalan, Deepa, Habib, Gilbert, Jenkins, David, Kjellström, Barbro, Lainscak, Mitja, Lee, Geraldine, Le Gal, Grégoire, Messas, Emmanuel, Morais, Joao, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Price, Susanna, Salvi, Aldo, Sanchez, Olivier, Stortecky, Stefan, Thielmann, Matthias, Noordegraaf, Anton Vonk, Becattini, Cecilia, Bueno, Héctor, Geersing, Geert Jan, Harjola, Veli Pekka, Huisman, Menno V., Humbert, Marc, Jennings, Catriona Sian, Jiménez, David, Kucher, Nils, Lang, Irene Marthe, Lankeit, Mareike, Lorusso, Roberto, Mazzolai, Lucia, Meneveau, Nicolas, Áinle, Fionnuala Ní, Prandoni, Paolo, Pruszczyk, Piotr, Righini, Marc, Torbicki, Adam, Van Belle, Eric, Zamorano, José Luis, Windecker, Stephan, Aboyans, Victor, Baigent, Colin, Collet, Jean Philippe, Dean, Veronica, Delgado, Victoria, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gale, Chris P., Grobbee, Diederick E., Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Katus, Hugo A., Landmesser, Ulf, Leclercq, Christophe, Lettino, Maddalena, Lewis, Basil S., Merkely, Bela, Mueller, Christian, Petersen, Steffen E., Petronio, Anna Sonia, Richter, Dimitrios J., Roffi, Marco, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Simpson, Iain A., Sousa-Uva, Miguel, Touyz, Rhian M., Hammoudi, Naima, Hayrapetyan, Hamlet, Mascherbauer, Julia, Ibrahimov, Firdovsi, Polonetsky, Oleg, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Tokmakova, Mariya, Skoric, Bosko, Michaloliakos, Ioannis, Hutyra, Martin, Mellemkjaer, Søren, Mansour, Mostafa, Reinmets, Julia, Jääskeläinen, Pertti, Angoulvant, Denis, Bauersachs, Johann, Giannakoulas, George, Zima, Endre, Vizza, Carmine Dario, Sugraliyev, Akhmetzhan, Bytyçi, Ibadete, Maca, Aija, Ereminiene, Egle, Huijnen, Steve, Xuereb, Robert, Diaconu, Nadejda, Bulatovic, Nebojsa, Asfalou, Ilyasse, Bosevski, Marijan, Halvorsen, Sigrun, Sobkowicz, Bozena, Ferreira, Daniel, Petris, Antoniu Octavian, Moiseeva, Olga, Zavatta, Marco, Obradovic, Slobodan, Šimkova, Iveta, Radsel, Peter, Ibanez, Borja, Wikström, Gerhard, Aujesky, Drahomir, Kaymaz, Cihangir, Parkhomenko, Alexander, and Pepke-Zaba, Joanna

Published
2020

25. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD: The Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).

Author

Rydén, Lars, Grant, Peter J., Anker, Stefan D., Berne, Christian, Cosentino, Francesco, Danchin, Nicolas, Deaton, Christi, Escaned, Javier, Hammes, Hans-Peter, Huikuri, Heikki, Marre, Michel, Marx, Nikolaus, Mellbin, Linda, Ostergren, Jan, Patrono, Carlo, Seferovic, Petar, Uva, Miguel Sousa, Taskinen, Marja-Riita, Tendera, Michal, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Valensi, Paul, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Achenbach, Stephan, Baumgartner, Helmut, Bax, Jeroen J., Bueno, Héctor, Dean, Veronica, Deaton, Christi, Erol, Çetin, Fagard, Robert, Ferrari, Roberto, Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kirchhof, Paulus, Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Linhart, Ales, Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Piepoli, Massimo F., Ponikowski, Piotr, Sirnes, Per Anton, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Tendera, Michal, Torbicki, Adam, Wijns, William, Windecker, Stephan, De Backer, Guy, Sirnes, Per Anton, Ezquerra, Eduardo Alegria, Avogaro, Angelo, Badimon, Lina, Baranova, Elena, Baumgartner, Helmut, Betteridge, John, Ceriello, Antonio, Fagard, Robert, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Gulba, Dietrich C., Hasdai, David, Hoes, Arno W., Kjekshus, John K., Knuuti, Juhani, Kolh, Philippe, Lev, Eli, Mueller, Christian, Neyses, Ludwig, Nilsson, Peter M., Perk, Joep, Ponikowski, Piotr, Reiner, Željko, Sattar, Naveed, Schächinger, Volker, Scheen, André, Schirmer, Henrik, Strömberg, Anna, Sudzhaeva, Svetlana, Tamargo, Juan Luis, Viigimaa, Margus, Vlachopoulos, Charalambos, and Xuereb, Robert G.

Published
2013
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27. CYP2C19*2 genetic polymorphism and incidence of in-stent restenosis in patients on clopidogrel: a matched case-control study.

Author

Osama, Sara, Wirth, Francesca, Zahra, Graziella, Barbara, Christopher, Xuereb, Robert G., Camilleri, Liberato, and Azzopardi, Lilian M.

Abstract

The cytochrome P450 2C19*2 (CYP2C19*2) genetic polymorphism is associated with reduced clopidogrel bioactivation, increasing the risk of atherothrombotic complications after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In-stent restenosis (ISR) is a complication that limits the long-term prognosis of PCI. The aim was to investigate the association between presence of the CYP2C19*2 allele and ISR within one-year after PCI in patients prescribed dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. Sixty patients with angiographically-confirmed drug eluting stent (DES)-ISR within 12 months post-PCI when on DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel were retrospectively identified (Cases). Another 60 patients with no documented ISR post-PCI in the study period (Controls) were case-matched for age, gender, ethnicity, diabetes mellitus and estimated glomerular filtration rate value, and were invited for CYP2C19*2 genotyping. The association between presence of the CYP2C19*2 allele and ISR was analysed using the Fisher's exact test and binary logistic regression. Twenty-six (43.3%) cases and 5 (8.3%) controls were carriers of one or two CYP2C19*2 alleles. As to non-carrier status of the CYP2C19*2 allele, 34 (56.7%) cases and 55 (91.7%) controls were identified. The association between CYP2C19*2 carrier status and DES-ISR within one-year post-PCI was statistically significant (p<0.001) in both the univariate and multivariate analysis. The proportion of patients who were carriers of one or two CYP2C19*2 alleles who presented with DES-ISR within one-year post-PCI while on clopidogrel was significantly higher compared to patients with no documented ISR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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32. European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2017

Author

Timmis, Adam, Townsend, Nick, Gale, Chris, Grobbee, Rick, Maniadakis, Nikos, Flather, Marcus, Wilkins, Elizabeth, Wright, Lucy, Vos, Rimke, Bax, Jeroen, Blum, Maxim, Logstrup, Susanne, Pinto, Fausto J., Vardas, Panos, Goda, Artan, Demiraj, Aurel F, Weidinger, Franz, Metzler, Bernard, Ibrahimov, Firdovsi, Pasquet, Agnes A, Claeys, Marc, Thorton, Yolanda, Kusljugic, Zumreta, Smajic, Elnur, Velchev, Vasil, Ivanov, Nikolay, Antoniades, Loizos, Agathangelou, Petros, Táborský, Miloš, Gerdes, Christian, Viigima, Margus, Juhani, Pietila Mikko, Juilliere, Yves, Cattan, Simon, Aladashvili, Alexander, Hamm, Christian, Kuck, Karl-Heinz, Papoutsis, Konstantinos, Bestehorn, Kurt, Foussas, Stefanos, Giannoulidou, Georgia, Varounis, Christos, Kallikazaros, Ioannis, Kiss, Robert Gabor, Czétényi, Tunde, Becker, Dávid, Gudnason, Thorarinn, Kearney, Peter, McDonald, Kenneth, Rozenman, Yoseph, Ziv, Batia, Bolognese, Leonardo, Luciolli, Paola, Boriani, Giuseppe, Berkinbayev, Salim, Rakisheva, Amina, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Erglis, Andrejs, Jegere, Sandra, Marinskis, Germanas, Beissel, Jean, Marchal, Nathalie, Kedev, Sasko, Xuereb, Robert G, Tilney, Terence, Felice, Tiziana, Popovici, Mihail, Mulder, Barbara, Simoons, Maarten, Elsendoorn, Moniek, Steigen, Terje K, Atar, Dan, Kalarus, Zbigniew, Tendera, Michal, Cardoso, Jose Silva, Ribeiro, José, Mateus, Cristina, Tatu-Chitoiu, Gabriel, Seferovic, Petar, Beleslin, Branko, Simkova, Iveta, Durcikova, Petra, Belicova, Veronica, Fras, Zlatko, Radelj, Sasa, Gonzalez Juanatey, Jose Ramon, Legendre, Sharon, Braunschweig, Frieder, Kaufmann, Urs Philipp, Rudiger-Sturchler, Marjam, Tokgozoglu, Lale, Unver, Ahmet, Kovalenko, Volodymir, Nesukay, Elena, Naum, Anastasia, de Courtelary, Paola Thellung, Martin, Stephan, Sebastiao, David, Ghislain, Daval, Bardinet, Isabel, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Inequality, media_common.quotation_subject, Health infrastructure, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, European Society of Cardiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Economic indicator, Internal medicine, Health care, Statistics, medicine, Cardiovascular disease, Morbidity, Mortality, Risk factors, Service provision, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Disease burden, Cause of death, media_common, business.industry, medicine.disease, Obesity, Years of potential life lost, Cardiology, business
Abstract

Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2017. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com., Aims: The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas has been compiled by the European Heart Agency to document cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics of the 56 ESC member countries. A major aim of this 2017 data presentation has been to compare high-income and middle-income ESC member countries to identify inequalities in disease burden, outcomes, and service provision. Methods and results: The Atlas utilizes a variety of data sources, including the World Health Organization, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, and the World Bank to document risk factors, prevalence, and mortality of cardiovascular disease and national economic indicators. It also includes novel ESC-sponsored survey data of health infrastructure and cardiovascular service provision provided by the national societies of the ESC member countries. Data presentation is descriptive with no attempt to attach statistical significance to differences observed in stratified analyses. Important differences were identified between the high-income and middle-income member countries of the ESC with regard to CVD risk factors, disease incidence, and mortality. For both women and men, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was lower in high-income countries (18% and 27%) compared with middle-income countries (24% and 30%). Smoking prevalence in men (not women) was also lower (26% vs. 41%) and together these inequalities are likely to have contributed to the higher CVD mortality in middle-income countries. Declines in CVD mortality have seen cancer becoming a more common cause of death in a number of high-income member countries, but in middle-income countries declines in CVD mortality have been less consistent where CVD remains the leading cause of death. Inequalities in CVD mortality are emphasized by the smaller contribution they make to potential years of life lost in high-income countries compared with middle-income countries both for women (13% vs. 23%) and men (20% vs. 27%). The downward mortality trends for CVD may, however, be threatened by the emerging obesity epidemic that is seeing rates of diabetes increasing across all the ESC member countries. Survey data from the National Cardiac Societies showed that rates of cardiac catheterization and coronary artery bypass surgery, as well as the number of specialist centres required to deliver them, were greatest in the high-income member countries of the ESC. The Atlas confirmed that these ESC member countries, where the facilities for the contemporary treatment of coronary disease were best developed, were often those in which declines in coronary mortality have been most pronounced. Economic resources were not the only driver for delivery of equitable cardiovascular health care, as some middle-income ESC member countries reported rates for interventional procedures and device implantations that matched or exceeded the rates in wealthier member countries. Conclusion: In documenting national CVD statistics, the Atlas provides valuable insights into the inequalities in risk factors, health care delivery, and outcomes of CVD across the ESC member countries. The availability of these data will underpin the ESC’s ambitious mission ‘to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease’ not only in its member countries but also in nation states around the world.

Published
2018

33. Did the introduction of high-sensitivity Troponin T for the assessment of suspected acute coronary syndrome in Malta result in reduction of hospitalization time? A retrospective review

Author

Chilmeran, Ahmed, Alwatari, Yahya, Zintilis, Stuart, and Xuereb, Robert

Subjects
Myocardial infarction -- Treatment, Peptides -- Therapeutic use, Troponin I, macromolecular substances, Acute diseases -- Malta, Myocardial infarction -- Malta, musculoskeletal system
Abstract

Aims: Troponins I and T are biomarkers used for diagnosing myocardial infarction. The recently developed high-sensitivity Troponin T assay can detect levels as low as 3 ng/L which gives the advantage of rapid diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) allowing earlier intervention and theoretically earlier discharge. The aim of the study was to audit the hospital practice and its adherence to international guidelines in using Troponin for diagnosing ACS, and to assess the average hospital admission length when using Troponin T compared to the older Troponin I. Methodology: A retrospective study that included all patients who had Troponin T taken between January 1st and January 31st, 2016 at Mater Dei Hospital (MDH), comparing them to patients who had Troponin I taken between November 1st and November 30th, 2015. Results: Data collection yielded a total of 1,032 patients in the Troponin T group and 1,004 patients in the Troponin I group. The average length of stay when using Troponin T was 5.53 days whereas the average length of stay when using Troponin I was 8.29 days. Data analysis of those patients also showed that the average time interval between the first and second Troponin was in the region of 9 hours, which is not what the current guidelines recommend. Conclusion: The use of the new highly sensitive Troponin T resulted in an average reduction in hospitalization time of 2.76 days per patient at MDH. Adherence to the “0/3 hours” guideline of the second Troponin is highly recommended., peer-reviewed

Published
2018

38. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy for non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes in a general hospital

Author

Mason, Giorgia, Wirth, Francesca, Cignarella, Andrea, Xuereb, Robert G., and Azzopardi, Lilian M.

Subjects
Prescriptions, ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES, Acute diseases, CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES, pharmacological therapy, Anticoagulants -- Therapeutic use, Hospitals -- Case management services, Pharmacist and patient
Abstract

Aim: To audit compliance with the 2011 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for prescribing antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in patients diagnosed with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS). Methods: Five-month audit at Cardiac Catheterisation Suite, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta. A data collection form for inpatients diagnosed with NSTE-ACS was developed, psychometrically evaluated and completed for each patient by the investigator. Comparative analysis to assess whether these patients were being managed according to the guidelines was undertaken. Results: 165 patients were recruited; 73% were male, 37% were between 66 and 75 years and 44% were active smokers. The most common risk factors for cardiovascular disease in these patients were hypertension (27%), dyslipidemia and obesity (both 16%). 41% of the patients underwent a percutaneous coronary intervention, either ad hoc (34%) or elective (7%). Compliance to guidelines for prescription of aspirin and clopidogrel 300mg loading dose was 95% and 88% respectively. Compliance to guidelines for prescription of aspirin and clopidogrel 75mg daily maintenance dose was 97% and 96% respectively. Compliance to guidelines for prescription of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was only 19%; 81% of the patients were prescribed omeprazole against guideline recommendations. Compliance to guidelines for prescription of anticoagulation therapy was 95% with respect to prescription of heparin treatment in combination with DAPT. Compliance to guidelines for prescription of enoxaparin was 81%. Compliance to guidelines for other antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs recommended in the guidelines, including ticagrelor, prasugrel, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists, fondaparinux and bivalirudin, was not measured. Conclusions: Prescription of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy for NSTE-ACS in Malta is predominantly in accordance with ESC guidelines. Alternative antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs and PPIs should be included in the Maltese hospital formulary to improve NSTE-ACS management in line with guideline recommendations., peer-reviewed

Published
2014

41. CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms in Maltese patients on clopidogrel therapy.

Author

Wirth, Francesca, Zahra, Graziella, Xuereb, Robert G., Barbara, Christopher, Camilleri, Liberato, Fenech, Albert, and Azzopardi, Lilian M.

Subjects
GENETIC polymorphisms, DRUG metabolism, GENE frequency, ALLELES, GENOTYPES
Abstract

Introduction and Aims: The CYP2C19 enzyme is involved in the metabolism of various therapeutically-important drugs including clopidogrel. The aims were to determine CYP2C19 *2 and *17 variant allele frequencies and CYP2C19 genotype distribution in a cohort of Maltese patients on clopidogrel and to compare observed frequencies of the CYP2C19 *2 allele and *2/*2 genotype in this cohort to other populations bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Methods: CYP2C19 genotyping in a cohort of Maltese patients on clopidogrel was performed using TaqMan? Drug Metabolism Genotyping Assays. Frequencies of the CYP2C19 *2 and *17 variant alleles and six genotypes (*1/*1, *1/*2, *2/*2, *1/*17, *17/*17, *2/*17) were determined. Observed frequencies of the *2 allele and *2/*2 genotype were compared to fourteen populations bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Results: Frequency of the CYP2C19 *2 and *17 allele in the 244 Maltese patients genotyped was 12.3% and 15.4% respectively. CYP2C19 genotype distribution was: *1/*1 (52.1%), *1/*17 (22.5%), *1/*2 (18.0%), 2/*17 (6.6%), *17/*17 (0.8%) and *2/*2 (0). There was no statistically significant difference in *2 allele frequency between the Maltese cohort and all fourteen populations bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Conclusions: This study reports the frequency of CYP2C19 *2 and *17 variant alleles in a cohort of Maltese patients treated with clopidogrel. The high percentage of patients genotyped as carriers of the *2 (25%) or *17 (23%) variant alleles indicates that CYP2C19 genotyping could be used to guide clinicians in the individualisation of antiplatelet therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

42. Renal thromboembolism in tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy in spite of anticoagulation

Author

Sammut Mark Adrian, Xuereb Robert George, and Bonello Spiteri Danica

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Cardiomyopathy, Heparin, Kidney, medicine.disease, Chest pain, Tissue plasminogen activator, Article, Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy, Coronary artery disease, Anticoagulation, Thromboembolism, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, ST segment, cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial infarction, Thrombus, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

SummaryAn elderly lady was admitted with chest pain and an electrocardiogram depicting ST segment elevation, indicative of a myocardial infarction. She was treated with intra-venous tissue plasminogen activator. On coronary angiography there was a dilated and akinetic left ventricular apex but no significant coronary artery disease. She was diagnosed with tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy. An echocardiogram performed two days later demonstrated a thrombus in the left ventricular apex. Despite immediate anticoagulation with intravenous unfractionated heparin, she sustained a renal thromboembolic phenomenon.

Published
2010

46. Atrial fibrillation : a common arrhythmia with possible dire consequences

Author

Xuereb, Robert G., robert.g.xuereb@um.edu.mt, and robert.g.xuereb@um.edu.mt

Subjects
cardiovascular system, cardiovascular diseases, Atrial fibrillation
Abstract

The diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) is clinched on the electrocardiogram with the finding of fine baseline oscillations, absent P waves and irregular ventricular rhythm.1 It is the most common type of arrhythmia requiring medical care, with a prevalence of 1-2%.2 More than half of AF episodes are detected by continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring. Although uncommon in the younger age groups, less than 0.5% in 40-50 year olds, it affects 5-15% of the population by the age of 80 years., peer-reviewed

Published
2010

47. ‘Twiddling’ of the pacemaker resulting in lead dislodgement

Author

Cassar DeMarco, Daniela and Xuereb, Robert G.

Subjects
Cardiac pacemakers -- Implantation, Cardiac pacemakers -- Complications -- Case studies, Cardiac pacemakers -- Complications -- Malta
Abstract

Twiddler’s syndrome is a rare condition in which patient manipulation of the pulse generator within its pocket may result in coiling of the lead and lead dislodgement, thereby causing pacemaker malfunction. Retraction of the electrode may cause phrenic nerve stimulation resulting in diaphragmatic stimulation and a sensation of abdominal pulsations. As the leads are further wrapped around the generator, rhythmic arm twitching may occur as a result of pacing of the brachial plexus.1 Twiddler’s syndrome was first described by Bayliss et al in 1968 as a complication of pacemaker implantation.2 It has also been reported with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs)3 and cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT).4 This is a case report of an elderly lady with Twiddler’s syndrome resulting in pacemaker malfunction secondary to lead retraction, who emphatically denied any manipulation of her device. She subsequently underwent lead repositioning and appropriate counselling., peer-reviewed

Published
2009

49. Transcatheter device closure of atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale in Malta

Author

Grech, Victor E., Aquilina, Oscar, Felice, Herbert, Fenech, Albert, Xuereb, Robert G., Xuereb, Mariosa, Tilney, Terrence, Aquilina, Josanne, Vella, Norbert, Galea Debono, Anthony, and DeGiovanni, Joseph V.

Subjects
Foramen Ovale, Patent -- Malta, Atrial septal defects -- Treatment, Cerebrovascular disease -- Malta, Heart valve prosthesis
Abstract

Significant atrial septal defects (ASD) are closed, surgically or through a transcatheter device, in order to avoid pulmonary hypertension in late life. A patent foramen ovale (PFO) may need to be closed because of transient shunt reversal resulting in transient ischaemic events or stroke. We report the Maltese experience to date in transcatheter closure of these defects. A total of 46 ASDs and 51 PFOs have been successfully closed at our unit (total 97), with very low complication rates, rates that compare very favourably with results from larger international centres., peer-reviewed

Published
2008

50. The long and winding road: the management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Malta

Author

Xuereb, Robert G. and Xuereb, Mariosa

Subjects
education, Myocardial infarction -- Prevention, Coronary heart disease -- Treatment -- Malta, Catheterization
Abstract

The treatment of acute coronary syndromes in Malta has been revolutionized over the past decade by the introduction of the catheterization laboratory. With the set-up of on-call cardiac invasive teams for primary percutaneous coronary interventions in ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Malta may be counted among the elite cardiac centres. The recent completion of numerous multicentre international clinical trials has led to an upheaval in the strategy and armamentarium for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes., peer-reviewed

Published
2003

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