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Objective: To observe the effect of MJPC cataplasm on the content of epithelial-derived cytokines in lung, skin and intestine of asthmatic mice. Methods: C57/BL6 female mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group, asthma model group, dexamethasone group and MJPC cataplasm group. Ovalbumin sensitized and challenged asthmatic mouse models were established. The spleen index was calculated, and HE staining was used to observe the pathological change in lung tissues. The ova-specific IgE in the mouse serum and the content of TSLP in lung, skin and intestine were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA). The expressions of TSLP mRNA and IL-33 mRNA in skin and intestinal tissue were detected by qRT-PCR. Results: Compared with the control group, the spleen index of mice in asthma model group was increased. Vascular congestion and edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and bronchial wall thickening were observed. The expressions of IgE in the mouse serum were significantly increased, and the content of TSLP in lung and skin tissue increased, but that in intestine tissue did not change significantly. The expression of TSLP mRNA was up-regulated in skin and intestinal tissues. The expression of IL-33 mRNA was up-regulated in skin tissue, but not in intestine, and the differences were statistically significant(P

The Nymphalidae family of cosmopolitan butterflies (Lepidoptera) comprises approximately 7200 species found on all continents and in all habitats. However, debate persists regarding the phylogenetic relationships within this family. In this study, we assembled and annotated eight mitogenomes of Nymphalidae, constituting the first report of complete mitogenomes for this family. Comparative analysis of 105 mitochondrial genomes revealed that the gene compositions and orders were identical to the ancestral insect mitogenome, except for Callerebia polyphemus trnV being before trnL and Limenitis homeyeri having two trnL genes. The results regarding length variation, AT bias, and codon usage were consistent with previous reports on butterfly mitogenomes. Our analysis indicated that the subfamilies Limenitinae, Nymphalinae, Apaturinae, Satyrinae, Charaxinae, Heliconiinae, and Danainae are monophyletic, while the subfamily the subfamily Cyrestinae is polyphyletic. Danainae is the base of the phylogenetic tree. At the tribe level, Euthaliini in Limenitinae; Melitaeini and Kallimini in Nymphalinae; Pseudergolini in Cyrestinae; Mycalesini, Coenonymphini, Ypthimini, Satyrini, and Melanitini in Satyrinae; and Charaxini in Charaxinae are regarded as monophyletic groups. However, the tribe Lethini in Satyrinae is paraphyletic, while the tribes Limenitini and Neptini in Limenitinae, Nymphalini and Hypolimni in Nymphalinae, and Danaini and Euploeini in Danainae are polyphyletic. This study is the first to report the gene features and phylogenetic relationships of the Nymphalidae family based on mitogenome analysis, providing a foundation for future studies of population genetics and phylogenetic relationships within this family.

The theory of the TCM laxative method is rich in content. Doctors of past dynasties have used it to treat febrile diseases. And the theory of “Laxative method used in early stage of Febrile Disease” has been praised by later generations. It advocates chasing away evil influence early and paying attention to the laxative method to prevent the spread of disease. the Novel Coronavirus(COVID-19) Infectious Pneumonia belongs to the category of "epidemic" in traditional Chinese medicine. The reasonable application of the cathartic is an important way to provide a way out for evil. However, don’t be blind to use laxative method, you should get it at the right time. The treatment of COVID-19 has different solution at different stages. You should adapt to the changes of the disease to use cathartic. A case in here is attached for reference.

Strain YIM B00363T, a Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, spore-forming bacterium, was isolated from saline soil samples collected from a salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China, and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. The optimum growth temperature was 37 °C and the optimum pH was 7.5–8.0. The major menaquinone was MK-7; anteiso-C15:0 (53.52%), iso-C15:0 (15.04%) and C16:0 (12.76%) were the predominant cellular fatty acids. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified phospholipids, unidentified glycolipids and unknown lipids. The DNA G + C content of the type strain was 50.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain YIM B00363T belonged to a cluster comprising species of the genus Paenibacillus. The nearest relatives were P. residui MC-246T and P. senegalensis JC66T, with 93.2% and 92.8% gene sequence similarities, respectively. On the basis of its phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic distinctivenes, strain YIM B00363T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus turpanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM B00363T (= CGMCC 1.17507T = KCTC 43184T).

Metal oxide catalysts with different cerium and manganese ratios were synthesized by a co-precipitation method to remove HCN and NO from exhaust gas. Ce1Mn2 exhibited the highest HCN conversion and...

Through showing the full picture of double-arm controlled clinical research and systematic review evidence in the field of orally administrated Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for treatment of lung cancer, to provide a reference for future clinical research and to indicate a direction for future systematic reviews.A comprehensive search of clinical controlled studies was performed regarding orally administered CHM treatment for lung cancer published from January 1970 to September 2020. The language was restricted to Chinese and English. Relevant data were extracted, the quality of systematic reviews was evaluated, and the research evidence was visually displayed.Randomized controlled trials were the most common type of research design. The research sample sizes were typically small. Oral CHM showed certain curative advantages in treating lung cancer. The key stages in oral CHM intervention for lung cancer are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and late palliative treatment. The advantageous outcomes of oral CHM treatment of lung cancer are the short-term efficacy, quality of life, and adverse reactions. The perioperative stage, overall survival, pharmacoeconomic evaluation, and Chinese medicine decoctions are weak research areas.CHM has staged and therapeutic advantages in treating lung cancer. The overall methodological quality is poor, and the level of evidence requires improvement. It is necessary to carry out large-scale, standardized, and higher-quality research in the superior and weak areas of CHM treatment of lung cancer.

Tin-exchanged montmorillonite catalysts were prepared by an ion exchange method and examined as solid acid catalysts. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption analysis, and pyridine adsorption Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Subsequently, the catalysts were examined for use in the conversion of glucose into methyl levulinate in methanol. A high yield of methyl levulinate of 59.7% was obtained upon conversion of 0.3 g glucose in 24 g methanol over 0.15 g catalyst at 220 °C under 2 MPa N2 for 6 h. The recyclability of the catalyst was also examined, and the conversions of glucose and methanol remained mostly unchanged under repeated usage of the catalyst in five catalytic runs; in contrast, the yield of methyl levulinate decreased slightly. The excellent catalytic performance of the tin-exchanged montmorillonite catalyst was attributed to a combination of the presence of a large amount of acidic sites and balanced amounts of Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on the catalyst.

To investigate the effect of gambogic acid (GA) on the growth and cell death of castrate resistant prostate cancer (PC) with phosphate and tension homology (PTEN) and p53 genes deleted in vitro and ex vivo, and elucidate the underlying possible molecular mechanisms. PTEN−/−/p53−/− PC cells and Los Angeles prostate cancer-4 (LAPC-4) cells were treated with GA for 24 h and 48 h, then cell viability was determined by cell proliferation assay. PTEN−/−/p53−/− PC cells organoids number was calculated under GA treatment for 1 week. In addition, cell titer glo assay was performed to analyze 3 dimensional cell viability of patients derived xenografts (PDX) 170.2 organoids. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptotic cells treated with GA. And confocal image was performed to detect the apoptotic mitochondrial morphological changes. Apoptotic cell death related protein levels were measured through Western blot (WB) in GA treated cells and organoids. The expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway related ribonucleic acid (RNAs) and proteins were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and WB, respectively. The treatment of GA significantly reduced cell viability of PTEN−/−/p53−/− PC cells and LAPC-4 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In organoids, GA showed strong inhibition towards organoids’ numbers and diameters and continuously led to a complete organoids inhibition with GA 150 nmol/L. Ex vivo results validated that GA 1 μmol/L inhibited 44.6% PDX170.2 organoids growth. As for mechanism, flow cytometry detected continuously increased apoptotic portion under GA treatment from 1.98% to 11.78% (6 h) and 29.94% (8 h, P

Various metal ion-exchanged montmorillonite catalysts were prepared, characterized, and evaluated in the conversion of glucose to methyl levulinate in methanol. The bulk and surface features of these catalysts were investigated using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption, temperature-programmed NH3 desorption, and pyridine adsorption FT-IR spectroscopy. Al3 +-exchanged montmorillonite had the best activity and maximum methyl levulinate selectivity because of presence of a large number of acid sites and a good balance of Bronsted and Lewis acid sites on the catalyst. The montmorillonite catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by filtration, and reused at least five times without any loss of activity and selectivity after treatment with H2O2 solution to remove carbon species deposited on the catalyst surface.

To investigate the influence of deep slow-wave sleep deprivation on the oxidative stress of testicular tissue in rats.Thirty-six 5-week-old male Wistar rats were equally randomized into deep slow-wave sleep deprivation group (SD1), deep slow-wave sleep and duration sleep deprivation group ( SD2), and a cage control group (CC). The rat model of deep slow-wave sleep deprivation was established using the flowerpot technique. The rats in the SD1 group were interfered every 24 minutes and deprived of 12 hours of sleep at night, those in the SD2 group deprived of 8 minutes of sleep at an interval of 24 minutes and 12 hours of sleep at night, and those in the CC group exposed to 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. After 28 days, all the rats were executed for measurement of the testis volume and protein content, determination of the methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) level and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and observation of the pathological changes in the testicular tissue under the microscope.Compared with the CC group, the rats in the SD1 and SD2 groups showed significantly reduced body weight (［268.5 ± 1.6］ vs ［248.1 ± 25.1］and［232.9 ± 10.1］g, P0.05) and increased relative testis mass (［50.0 ± 1.3］ vs ［57.9 ± 6.1］ and ［54.9 ± 3.5］ ×10⁻², P0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between the CC and SD2 groups in the contents of protein (［6.3 ± 1.4］ vs ［4.5 ± 0.9］ gpro/L, P0.05) and MDA (［1.1 ± 0.1］ vs ［1.3 ± 0.3］ nmol/mgpro, P0.05) and the activities of SOD (［104.3 ± 33.1］ vs ［135.2 ± 26.9］ U/mgpro, P0.05) and GSH-Px (［15.6 ± 4.0］ vs ［21.7 ± 4.3］ U/mgpro, P0.05), but not between the CC and SD1 groups (P0.05). The lumens in the testis were narrowed, with obvious hyperplasia, hyperemia and edema in the peripheral interstitial tissue, but no significant pathologic changes were observed in the testis tissue of the SD1 group.Long-term deprivation of deep slow-wave sleep impairs the structure of the testis tissue and induces oxidative stress response in rats.目的：研究深慢波睡眠剥夺对大鼠睾丸组织氧化应激反应的影响。 方法：36只5周龄健康雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分为深慢波睡眠时相剥夺组（SD1组）、深慢波睡眠时相及时长剥夺组（SD2组）组和空白对照组（CC组），每组12只，利用小平台水环境建立深慢波睡眠剥夺模型。SD1组每间隔24 min干扰1次，SD2组每间隔24 min剥夺睡眠8 min；夜间都进行12 h的完全睡眠剥夺。CC组模拟正常的12 h光照、12 h黑暗时间。28 d后，大鼠股动脉放血，留取睾丸组织进行称重，测定睾丸组织中蛋白含量、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）水平，显微镜下观察睾丸病理结构的改变。结果：SD1、SD2组大鼠的终末体质量［（248.1±25.1） g、（232.9±10.1） g］均下降，与CC组［（268.5± 1.6）g］相比差异有统计学意义（P均0.05）；与CC组相比，SD2组睾丸相对质量明显升高［（54.9±3.5）×10⁻² vs （50.0±1.3）×10⁻²，P0.05］。与CC组相比，SD2组睾丸组织蛋白含量、MDA含量、SOD活性和GSH-Px均有显著差异［蛋白含量：（4.5±0.9）g pro/L vs 6.3±1.4）g pro/L； MDA含量: （1.3±0.3）nmol/mg pro vs （1.1±0.1）nmol/mg pro；SOD活性：（135.2±26.9）U/mg pro vs （104.3±33.1）U/mg pro； GSH-Px活性： （21.7±4.3）U/mg pro vs（15.6±4.0）U/mg pro，P均0.05］，而与SD1组比较差异无统计学意义。SD1组睾丸病理学改变不明显，但SD2组睾丸生精小管管腔变小，周围间质部分增加，间质充血水肿明显。结论：长期深慢波睡眠剥夺对大鼠睾丸组织结构产生损伤并引起氧化应激反应。.

With the increasing complexity of the space mission, the ability of fast reconstruction of manipulator is more and more important. To solve the problem of space manipulator’s fast reconstruction, this paper designs a novel manipulator that contains mechatronics modular joints and a connecting mechanism. Compared to the traditional manipulator, the manipulator in this paper have the advantage of great convenience of assembling and replacement of the modular joint. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between tolerance ability and structural parameters and computed the tolerance ability after optimization of the connecting mechanism; Using the perturbation method, we conducted the simulation of analysis error. Results show that relationship between the end position error and the error of the modular joints is approximate linear, which providing a theory instruction for the design of manipulator.

Fe-based modified activated carbon prepared by impregnation was used for adsorbents in Hg0 purification. The influence of carriers, active components, FeCl3 solution concentration and calcination temperature, were investigated for Hg0 adsorption purification. The effects of the preparation conditions on the adsorbent were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and (FTIR). The samples modified with FeCl3 showed an obvious performance for Hg0 removal, because the chlorine in metal chlorides acts as an oxidant that promotes the conversion of elemental mercury (Hg0) into its oxidized form (Hg2+). The mechanisms of mercury adsorption onto the Cl-impregnated activated carbon were proposed. The optimal conditions for adsorptive purification are an Fe3+ concentration of 0.15 mol L−1, calcination temperature of 300 °C at an adsorption temperature of 40 °C and carrier gas flow rate of 300 mL min−1.

Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture therapy to reduce the duration of postoperative ileus (POI) and to enhance bowel function in cancer patients. Methods. A systematic search of electronic databases for studies published from inception until January 2017 was carried out from six databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving the use of acupuncture and acupressure for POI and bowel function in cancer patients were identified. Outcomes were extracted from each study and pooled to determine the risk ratio and standardized mean difference. Results. 10 RCTs involving 776 cancer patients were included. Compared with control groups (no acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and other active therapies), acupuncture was associated with shorter time to first flatus and time to first defecation. A subgroup analysis revealed that manual acupuncture was more effective on the time to first flatus and the time to first defecation; electroacupuncture was better in reducing the length of hospital stay. Compared with control groups (sham or no acupressure), acupressure was associated with shorter time to first flatus. However, GRADE approach indicated a low quality of evidence. Conclusions. Acupuncture and acupressure showed large effect size with significantly poor or inferior quality of included trials for enhancing bowel function in cancer patients after surgery. Further well-powered evidence is needed.

High activity catalyst for HCN removal were prepared by immobilizing Cu2+on γ-Al2O3. The catalyst showed great activity from 150°C to 250°C. The removal efficiency of HCN were above 98%. Based on the experimental phenomena, it can be assumed that the rate controlling step of the catalytic reaction process was the generation of HNCO by HCN and O2. A prediction model consist of HCN conversion, HCN flow rate, catalyst dosage was derived by combining the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The experimental data fitted with the prediction model very well and the model may be a worthy reference for the catalytic oxidation process of HCN.

Neural network has obvious advantages on dealing with the uncertain problems with a huge amount of data. Some equipment’s faults performance of such characteristics that the date is abundant, and failure phenomenon is not explicit and uncertain. Then, it leads to being hard to diagnose the faults through the traditional diagnosis method in a short time. This paper will analysis the data feature and then build a model to deal with the qualitative data attributes in order that the BP network can use it smoothly. Calculation result shows that using this method, fault diagnosis can be simply and quickly. The paper also provides a new kind of composite way to figure out fault positions for the front-line operators based on experts’experience knowledge but not on measurement signals.

Removal efficiency of CS2 (carbon disulfide) by activated carbon modified with different impregnants has been studied under micro-oxygen conditions. It was found that adsorbent ACCu-CoSPc-Ce possesses markedly enhanced adsorption purification ability. Reaction temperature and oxygen concentration were found to be crucial factors for the adsorption purification processes, and 60 °C as well as 2.0% oxygen seem to be the optimal conditions for CS2 removal. The structure of activated carbon samples and reaction mechanism were closely examined by a number of characterization techniques as follows: N2-BET (N2 adsorption/desorption), XRD (X-ray powder diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscopy–electron diffraction spectroscopy), and CO2-TPD (temperature-programmed desorption of CO2). Presumably, large quantities of SO42– could be formed in the reaction process and then strongly adsorbed. SO2, CS2, and COS were detected in the effluent gas generated from ACCu-CoSPc...

To investigate the effect of gambogic acid (GA) on the growth and cell death of castrate resistant prostate cancer (PC) with phosphate and tension homology (PTEN) and p53 genes deleted in vitro and ex vivo, and elucidate the underlying possible molecular mechanisms.PTENThe treatment of GA significantly reduced cell viability of PTENGA was a potent anti-tumor compound as for PTEN

The purpose of this work was to explore the application of microwaves for the regeneration of activated carbon fibers saturated with ethanol. The efficacy of the regeneration was analyzed by the rate of desorption and mass loss. When the microwave power was 528W , the dosage of activated carbon fiber was 3.0g , the nitrogen gas flow rate was 1.4m3/h and the microwave irradiation time was 180s, the desorption rate was up to 90.2% and the outlet concentration of ethanol was 95.6%. The adsorption of activated carbon fiber after microwave regeneration for many times was larger than the fresh activated carbon fiber. And the rate of total mass loss was 4.74%.

The purpose of this work was to explore the application of microwaves for the regeneration of activated carbon fibers saturated with ethanol under vacuum condition. The efficacy of the regeneration was analyzed by the rate of desorption and mass loss. When the microwave power was 680W , the dosage of activated carbon fiber was 3.5g , the degree of vacuum is 0.05MPa and the microwave irradiation time was 180s, the desorption rate was up to 95.3% and the outlet concentration of ethanol was 97.5%. The adsorption of activated carbon fiber after microwave regeneration for many times was larger than the fresh activated carbon fiber. And the rate of total mass loss was 3.54%.

Various path planning algorithms have been used to deduce optimal manipulator joint trajectories for spacecraft attitude regulation using arm motion. However, few papers have considered the unexpected factors when applying those planned path into actual situations. Even though conventional feedback control would drive the arm dynamics to the desired one, this only appears when time evolves to infinity which means during some time the actual joint paths deviate from the desired ones. However, the spacecraft attitude change is related to the entire process of arm motion. So, even a small deviation of the actual joint movement from the desired one would cause the failure of spacecraft attitude regulation task. In this paper, sliding mode control technique is adopted to force the actual joint moves along the desired trajectory from the start. Further, saturation function is used to eliminate the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, the relation between attitude regulation accuracy and controller parameters is deduced which gives instructions in tuning the controller parameters. In the end, numerical simulation is conducted to show the feasibility of the proposed controllers.

The microwave desorption azeotropic distillation was used to recover ethanol in waste water from ethanol industry under vacuum condition. The flow charts for microwave desorption azeotropic distillation of ethanol-loaded activated carbon under vacuum condition were designed. Activated carbon is used in adsorption of low concentration ethanol in water, and the saturated carbon is regenerated by microwave irradiation under vacuum condition. The results showed that the ethanol-loaded activated carbon can be desorbed nearly completely after 100s; the microwave power has an important effect on the outlet concentration curve of ethanol; the mass defect of the regenerated carbon is lower than 5%. After several processes of activated carbon adsorption and microwave desorption azeotropic distillation under vacuum condition, the concentration of ethanol can come up to 98%.

The experiment has study on the COD removal influence of the amoxicillin production wastewater of the feed water concentration, pH value, Activated carbon types, Adsorption time and active carbon dosage. The results show that 5g activated carbon mixed with 50ml of the wastewater that diluted 15 times, the pH value is 6, and adsorption for 60 min, the COD removal rates is up to 95.61% and the effluent COD value is 62.14 mg/L. It is far lower than the current the wastewater discharge standards in our country.

This paper makes the amoxicillin production wastewater as the research target and uses the microwave-activated carbon to treat this kind of wastewater. The results show that 6g of the 60 purpose granular activated carbon mixed with 50ml of the wastewater that diluted 10 times and the pH value is 9 under the condition that irradiated power up to 480W and the irradiation time for 7min, the COD removal rates is up to 96.38% and the effluent COD value is 48.28mg/L.

To establish a 15-plex rapid STR multiplex amplification system.Fourteen auto-chromosome loci and one sex-chromosome were selected to compare the situations of allelic losses and nonspecific amplication under different conditions. FastStart Taq DNA polymerase and DNA standard sample 9947A were used during amplification and optimization process.15-plex rapid STR amplification system was achieved by performing various experiments including selection of amplification conditions and the volume of DNA polymerase, adjustment of inter-locus balance, optimization of rapid amplification, screening of reaction buffers, selection of reaction volume, and a variety of additives.Using 10 μL rapid PCR system, including 1 ng DNA templates, 0.4 μL polymerase and 10xFastStart high fidelity reaction buffer, a complete and well-balance DNA profile of 15 STR loci for standard genomic DNA was obtained in 32 minutes, without the allele drop-out and non-specific amplicons. Meanwhile, 5% glycerinum, 0.01% gelatin, 0.05% gelatin and 5 mmol/L ammonium sulfate could be used as the reactive additive during the amplification procedure.The 15-plex rapid STR multiplex amplification system can be used to decrease reaction time and enhance sample throughput.

The ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) theory has an advantage that no restriction exists for the type of pure component isotherm. One can choose the isotherm that fits the experimental data best. However, the theory requires a lot of numerical calculation, including numerical integration. This study shows that IAS needs very accurate values of numerical integration when the D-R equation is used as a single component isotherm. The error of numerical integration should be set to be no larger than 10-7. Otherwise the error of numerical calculation will occur, which may increase prediction deviation.

Granular activated carbon is used in adsorption of low concentration ethanol in water, and the saturated carbon is desorbed by microwave irradiation under N2 condition for recovery of the ethanol and regeneration of the activated carbon. Through the study on microwave desorption of ethanol-loaded activated carbon under N2 condition, the following conclusions can be drawn. The highest value of the ethanol concentration appears quicker and higher when the microwave power is stronger. For example, the highest value appears before 80s when the microwave power is 320W; the ethanol-loaded activated carbon can be desorbed nearly completely after 120s when the microwave power is not weaker than 320W; the microwave power has an important effect on the outlet concentration curve of ethanol, and it is an important factor that affects the results of microwave desorption; After three processes of activated carbon adsorption and microwave desorption under N2 condition, the concentration of ethanol can come up to over than 94%～95% from 4%～8%. This paper sets forth the process and principle for microwave desorption of ethanol-loaded activated carbon under N2 condition.

The ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) theory has an advantage that no restriction exists for the type of pure component isotherm. One can choose the isotherm that fits the experimental data best. However, the theory requires a lot of numerical calculation, including numerical integration. This study shows that IAS needs very accurate values of numerical integration when the D-R equation is used as a single component isotherm. The error of numerical integration should be set to be no larger than 10-7. Otherwise the error of numerical calculation will occur, which may increase prediction deviation.

To study the pharmacokinetics of puerarin (PUE) in Gegen Qinlian Decoction (, GQD), and the effects of PUE dosage variations on the pharmacokinetics of baicalin (BAL) in mice.GQD is composed of the concentrated granules of four Chinese herbs. Three dosages with different levels of PUE, including GQD, GQD co-administered with PUE, and GQD co-administration with two times the amount of PUE, were used to research the pharmacokinetics of PUE and BAL in mice. The indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) methods based on an anti PUE-monoclonal antibody (MAb)and BAL-MAb were employed to determine the concentration of PUE and BAL in mice blood.After the co-administration of GQD with PUE, the area under the curves (AUCThe icELISA methods were successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of PUE and BAL in GQD in mice. The dosage variability of PUE of the main ingredient in GQD affects its own pharmacokinetic characteristics and the absorption characteristics of BAL.

To establish a sensitive biotin-avidin enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (BA-ELISA) method for detecting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum.CEA which had been purified by affinity chromatography was used to immunize the rabbits to produce polyclonal antibodies. Then the antibodies were connected with biotin and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). So BA-ELISA method was established on the basis of 96 microwell plates coated with biotinylated BSA. Finally we examined the sensitivity, specificity, stability and recovery rate of this system and compared the BA-ELISA method with the traditional ELISA, radioimmunoassay and chemiluminescence in detecting CEA concentrations.The stability of this system was proved good. The linear range was from 0.42 to 50 U/mL, the sensitivity was 0.42 U/mL, and the intra-differences together with inter-differences were less than 10.0%. There was significant difference between BA-ELISA and traditional ELISA, while there was no significant difference between BA-ELISA and radioimmunoassay. The regression equation of this method was y=0.04825+0.99674x and r=0.994, and there was no significant difference between the BA-ELISA and chemiluminescence.The BA-ELISA method we established to detect CEA was easy to operate, highly sensitive, low in price and suitable for application in clinical detection.

To investigate the relationship between follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and AZF microdeletion on Y chromosome.Fifteen loci of 4 regions of the AZF gene were investigated by multiplex PCR in 100 patients with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia. The reproductive hormone FSH was detected by access 2 immunoassay system from BECKMAN COULTER. Epidata was set up and analyzed for means. F test of anova was performed.The rate of microdeletion was 13% (13 out of 100 patients). The deletion was on AZFa in 1 patient, AZFb+c+d in 4 patients, AZFc+d in 7 patients, AZFd in 1 patient, respectively. The level of FSH (40.8±11.3 U/L) in the AZFb+c+d deletion group was significantly higher than that in the group without Y chromosome deletion (16.7±14.3 U/L) and the other types of deletion (11.8±6.7 U/L) (P0.01).The common microdeletion regions were AZFc and AZFd on Y chromosome in azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia. The microdeletion of AZFb+c+d was one of the important causes of the high level of FSH.

Prepare the rabbit antiserum against gecko japonicus Hoxc10 and to identify its properties.Prokaryotic expression vector of g-Hoxc10 were constructed and then transform into E.coli (BL21). To make GST-g-Hoxc10 fusion protein in E.coli (BL21) under the optimized induction of Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside(IPTG). The recombination proteins were purified using affinity chromatography. The purified fusion protein was inoculated into adult rabbits to develop antiserum. Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining were then performed to evaluate the feature of the prepared antiserum.Prokaryotic expression vectors of g-Hoxc10 were successfully constructed. The soluble recombinant protein was highly expressed in E.coli BL21 and inoculated into adult rabbits to obtain high titer antiserum. Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining were then performed to evaluate the specificity of the prepared antiserum.We successfully amplified and expressed the g-Hoxc10 in E.coli BL21. The purified fusion protein was inoculated into adult rabbits to develop antiserum. The obtained antiserum of g-Hoxc10 showed a high titer against Hoxc10 proteins. The protein and antiserum prepared in this study can be used for further research of the function investigation of Hoxc10.

A clinical chromatographic fingerprinting of 18 standard strains of Mycobacteria commercialized in China by high-performance liquid chromatography approach was developed and improved in this laboratory. A comparison of clinical chromatographic fingerprintings of mycolic acids was carried out.Mycolic acids were extracted from whole cultured cells of Mycobacteria by biochemical methods, and then samples was prepared for analysis after the mycolic acids were saponified, acidified and derived. The samples were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography under optimum conditions.Using above techniques a clinical chromatographic fingerprinting of Mycolic acids analysis was successfully established. The repeatability of the mycolic acids fingerprinting was evaluated. Coefficient of variation (CV) of chromatographic fingerprinting was between 0.20% - 0.83%.The first clinical chromatographic fingerprinting of 18 standard strains of Mycobacteria in China was established in this laboratory. Mycobacteria can be accurately identified according to chromatographic fingerprinting in a short time. Moreover, there was significant difference between BCG vaccine and Mycobacterium bovis when their peak was compared, which may lead to research of new tools for identifying insidious infection of tuberculosis and for the study of the mechanism of drug tolerance.

By the reaction Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ with fiber containing amidoxime groups modified polyacrylonitrile fiber (AOCF), a series of coordinate complexes-AOCF-Fe(III), AOCF-Co(II), AOCF-Ni(II), AOCF-Cd(II) and AOCF-Hg(II) were prepared in acid medium. The fibers containing amidoxime groups with and without metal ions were taken for FTIR in the range of 4000-400 cm(-1). Their major bonds were assigned and compared. The results showed that in all complexes some bands (vC-N, vC=N and vN-O) were strengthened and a certain shift to higher wave number took place in the FTIR spectra with 4-21 cm(-1) shifts observed. The amidoxime groups and metal ions were bonding with coordinated bond.