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Purpose: To evaluate the potential of whole-body dynamic (WBD) 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) multiparametric imaging in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lung lesions. Procedures: We retrospectively analyzed WBD PET/CT scans from patients with lung lesions performed between April 2020 and March 2023. Multiparametric images including standardized uptake value (SUV), metabolic rate (MRFDG) and distribution volume (DVFDG) were visually interpreted and compared. We adopted SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for semi-quantitative analysis, MRmax and DVmax values for quantitative analysis. We also collected the patients' clinical characteristics. The variables above with P-value < 0.05 in the univariate analysis were entered into a multivariate logistic regression. The statistically significant metrics were plotted on receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: A total of 60 patients were included for data evaluation. We found that most malignant lesions showed high uptake on MRFDG and SUV images, and low or absent uptake on DVFDG images, while benign lesions showed low uptake on MRFDG images and high uptake on DVFDG images. Most malignant lesions showed a characteristic pattern of gradually increasing FDG uptake, whereas benign lesions presented an initial rise with rapid fall, then kept stable at a low level. The AUC values of MRmax and SUVmax are 0.874 (95% CI: 0.763–0.946) and 0.792 (95% CI: 0.667–0.886), respectively. DeLong's test showed the difference between the areas is statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that dynamic [18F]FDG PET/CT imaging based on the Patlak analysis was a more accurate method of distinguishing malignancies from benign lesions than conventional static PET/CT scans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lower strict monotonicity points and lower local uniform monotonicity points are considered in the case of Musielak–Orlicz function spaces L Φ endowed with the Mazur–Orlicz F-norm. The findings outlined in this study extend the scope of geometric characteristics observed in F-normed Orlicz spaces, as well as monotonicity properties within specific F-normed lattices. They are suitable for the Orlicz spaces of ordered continuous elements, specifically in relation to the Mazur–Orlicz F-norm. In addition, in this paper presents results that can be used to derive certain monotonicity properties in F-normed Musielak–Orlicz spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of tumour-to-muscle (T/M) ratios and Patlak Ki images extracted from whole-body dynamic 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) PET/CT Patlak multi-parameter imaging for evaluating the early radiosensitizing effect of oleanolic acid (OA). Twenty-four rats with C6 gliomas were divided into 4 groups and treated with OA (group B), radiotherapy (group C), both (group D) or neither (group A). Whole-body dynamic 18F-FMISO PET/CT scans were performed for 120 min before treatment and 24 h following the treatment course. The tumour samples were dissected for hematoxylin and eosin staining, and HIF-1α, Ki-67 and GLUT-1 immunohistochemical staining. PET images were analysed using kinetic modelling (Patlak Ki) and static analysis (T/M ratios), and correlated with immunohistochemical results. The changes in T/M ratios, Ki values and tumour volume before treatment and 24 h following the treatment course were compared, and the survival time of tumour-bearing rats was recorded. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that OA combined with radiotherapy can inhibit tumour growth and prolong the survival time of tumour-bearing rats. Whole-body dynamic 18F-FMISO PET/CT showed that the Ki values in group D were significantly lower than those in group C, whilst there was no significant difference in T/M ratios between groups C and D. The Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed that Ki values were significantly related to immunohistochemical results. Our study suggests that Patlak Ki images may add value to PET/CT static images for evaluating the early radio-sensitizing effect of OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemiluminescent (CL) functionalized nanomaterials with good CL property, excellent catalytic performance, and fast magnetic separation ability have great help in CL biological analysis. In this study, the magnetic core cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 NPs), possessing good peroxidase (POD)-like activity, were synthesized directly by a one-step solvothermal process. Then, N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol-gold NPs (ABEI-Au NPs) were modified on the CoFe2O4 NPs surface via a redox method to obtain CoFe2O4@ABEI-Au NPs. The synthetic NPs exhibited a spherical structure featuring a mean size of 125 ± 20 nm. The CL property of CoFe2O4@ABEI-Au NPs was more than 100 times that of ABEI-Au NPs, showing the good catalytic property of CoFe2O4 NPs. Furthermore, CoFe2O4@ABEI-Au NPs also displayed good superparamagnetism, which could be quickly separated from the mixture. Hence, a label-free CL immunosensor was established on the basis of CoFe2O4@ABEI-Au NPs for copeptin detection. The immunosensor had a wide linear range from 1.0 × 10–13 to 1.0 × 10–8 g/mL and a low detection limit of 3.3 × 10–14 g/mL, which is better than most of the immunosensors reported so far. The developed immunosensor was used for the analysis of copeptin in human serum specimens, and the measured results were close to the values of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), manifesting the feasibility in AMI clinical diagnosis. This label-free CL immunosensor featuring ease of fabrication, sensitivity, and rapid separation provides a versatile platform for bioanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, Co-Ce-Zr/γ-Al2O33 particle electrodes were prepared for the efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). Co-Ce-Zr/γ-Al2O3 particle electrodes were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). According to the results, significant amounts of Co3O4, CeO2, and ZrO2 were formed on the Co-Ce-Zr/γ-Al2O3 particle electrodes. It was shown that when the conditions of the reaction system were at pH=6, conductivity of 4 ms/cm, current of 0.2 A, initial pollutant concentration of 100 mg/L, and material dosage of 15 g, CIP could be completely degraded within 40 min, and the energy consumed in the reaction was 41.3 kWh/kg CIP. The rate of total organic carbon (TOC) removal by Co-Ce-Zr/γ-Al2O3 particle electrodes was recorded to be approximately 52.6%. Using a response surface methodology, we explored the optimal operating conditions. At the same time, we also explored the influence of inorganic anions in water and actual water medium on the rate of CIP removal. In addition, the ESR data proved that the main active substance in the reaction system was ·OH. The degradation intermediates were investigated, and the possible mechanism was proposed. Thus, this research provided a new solution for the treatment of antibiotic-containing wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with rapid disease progression and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the incremental prognostic value of baseline 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in addition to clinical prognostic factors. Methods. From January 2010 to October 2019, a total of 23 patients who pathologically confirmed to have AITL were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT scan before chemotherapy. The 18F-FDG PET/CT features, clinical data, laboratory indicators, Ki67 labeling index, and survival status were collected and analyzed. Results. The median follow-up was 22 months. The expected 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rate was 72.2%, 49.6%, and 42.5%, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 23 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.459~37.541). AITL is prone to extranodal infiltration, in addition to nodal infiltration (6 patients had nodal infiltration alone, and 17 patients had both nodal and extranodal infiltration). The SUVmax of nodal lesions were higher than that for the extranodal lesions (10.43 ± 4.45 , 6.64 ± 3.51 , F = 2.78 , t = 4.39 , P < 0.01). On multivariate survival analysis, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) and SUVmax of extranodal lesions were independent predictors of OS. Conclusion. Baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT results and SUVmax of extranodal lesions showed an incremental prognostic value in addition to clinical prognostic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]