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Objective: Motherwort injection (MI) is a modern patented injection extracted from motherwort (Leonurus japonicus Hoult). Empirical studies and systematic reviews have shown the benefits of motherwort injection for preventing postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery and cesarean section. This study was conducted to explore the efficacy and safety of motherwort injection for women with the prevention of post-abortion uterine hemorrhage.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify RCTs regarding the effect of the use of motherwort injection in women after abortion. Data from trials were pooled by meta-analysis and a random-effects model was used to calculate the summarized relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) methodology was used to access the quality of the evidence.Results: Nine trials with a total of 1,675 participants were identified. Overall, motherwort injection combined with oxytocin compared to oxytocin had a significantly lower blood loss within 2 hours (MD = −50.00, 95% CI −62.92 to −37.08, very low quality); lower blood loss within 24 h (MD = −50.00, 95% CI −62.92 to −37.08, very low quality); however, there was no significant difference between motherwort injection and oxytocin (24 h: MD: 0.72, 95% CI −7.76 to 9.20; 48 h: MD: −0.01, 95% CI −11.35 to 11.33; 72 h: MD: −1.12, 95% CI −14.39 to 12.15, very low quality). Compared with oxytocin or no intervention, both motherwort injection and motherwort injection combined with oxytocin had a significantly decreased duration of blood loss (MI vs. O: MD −2.59, 95% CI −4.59 to −0.60, very low quality; MI + O vs. O: MD −2.62, 95% CI -3.02 to −2.22, very low quality; MI + O vs. No intervention: MD: −1.80, 95% CI −2.28 to −1.33, low quality). Seven of nine included trials reported adverse event outcomes. Three cases were found in the motherwort injection group, and five induced abortion syndromes were found in the motherwort injection plus oxytocin group. 29 adverse events were reported in the oxytocin group instead. The recovery time of normal menstruation after abortion was significantly earlier in the group using motherwort injection compared with oxytocin (MDs −3.77, 95% CI −6.29 to −1.25, very low quality), and the endometrial thickness in the motherwort injection group was significantly different from that in the oxytocin group (MD: 2.24, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.90, very low quality).Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis indicate prophylactic use of motherwort injection may reduce the risk of uterine hemorrhage in women after abortion, and more high-quality research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of motherwort injection in preventing uterine hemorrhage after abortion.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=274153, identifier CRD42021274153

To explore the possible novel microRNA (miRNA) regulatory pathways in Zhengmai 1860, a newly cultivated drought-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, miRNA transcriptome sequencing of the flag leaves of Zhengmai 1860, drought-sensitive variety Zhoumai 18, and drought-resistant variety Bainong 207 was performed during the grain filling stage. We also observed changes in the chloroplast ultrastructure, phytohormone levels, and antioxidant- and photosynthesis-related physiological indicators in three wheat varieties. The results showed that the flag leaves of the drought-tolerant variety Zhengmai 1860 had higher chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rates than those of Zhoumai 18 under drought stress during the grain filling stage; in addition, the chloroplast structure was more complete. However, there was no significant difference between Zhengmai 1860 and Bainong 207. MiRNA transcriptome analysis revealed that the differential expression of the miRNAs and mRNAs exhibited variable specificity. The KEGG pathway enrichment results indicated that most of the genes were enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, photosynthetic antennae protein, and amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. In the drought-tolerant cultivar Zhengmai 1860, tae-miR408 was targeted to regulate the allene oxide synthase (AOS) gene, inhibit its expression, reduce the AOS content, and decrease the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA). The results of this study suggest that Zhengmai 1860 could improve the photosynthetic performance of flag leaves by inhibiting the expression of genes involved in the JA pathway through miRNAs under drought conditions. Moreover, multiple miRNAs may target chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes, phytohormone signal transduction, and other related pathways; thus, it is possible to provide a more theoretical basis for wheat molecular breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular imaging technologies, such as PET imaging, have evolved into powerful tools for tumor diagnosis. Radiolabeled dimeric molecular probes have emerged as a promising strategy in PET imaging due to their outstanding characteristics. IF7, a peptide targeting Anxa1 overexpressed in endothelial cells of various tumor blood vessels, serves as an excellent tumor-targeting agent. This research aims to prepare IF7 dimer and evaluate its imaging performance and biological characteristics. The biological properties of the tracer were evaluated through in vitro experiments using U87 cells. MicroPET imaging and biodistribution were also studied in tumor-bearing mice. MicroPET studies showed a high tumor uptake at 30 and 60 min post-injection with 4.09 ± 0.83%ID/g and 2.66 ± 0.55%ID/g, respectively. Co-injection of excess nonradiolabelled peptide significantly reduced tumor uptake at 30 min (0.33 ± 0.15%ID/g), confirming the tumor-targeting specificity of IF7 dimer. The IF7 dimer tracer demonstrated excellent imaging performance as a tumor-targeting molecular probe, indicating potential clinical applicability and offering new possibilities for future early tumor diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high cost of manual weed control and the overuse of herbicides restrict the yield and quality of soybean. Intelligent mechanical weeding and precise application of pesticides can be used as effective alternatives for weed control in the field, and these require accurate distinction between crops and weeds. In this paper, images of soybean seedlings and weeds in different growth areas are used as datasets. In the aspect of soybean recognition, this paper designs a YOLOv8nGP algorithm with a backbone network optimisation based on GhostNet and an unconstrained pruning method with a 60% pruning rate. Compared with the original YOLOv8n, the YOLOv8nGP improves the Precision (P), Recall (R), and F1 metrics by 1.1% each, reduces the model size by 3.6 mb, and the inference time was 2.2 ms, which could meet the real-time requirements of field operations. In terms of weed recognition, this study utilises an image segmentation method based on the Normalized Excess Green Index (NExG). After filtering the soybean seedlings, the green parts of the image are extracted for weed recognition, which reduces the dependence on the diversity of the weed datasets. This study combines deep learning with traditional algorithms, which provides a new solution for weed recognition of soybean seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of robotics has great implications for future food security, sustainable agricultural development, improving resource efficiency, reducing chemical pesticide use, reducing manual labor, and maximizing field output. Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity and labor shortage in the fields of pesticide application, weeding, and field information collection, a multifunctional and electric field management robot platform is designed, which has four switching steering modes (Ackermann steering, four-wheel steering, crab steering, and zero-radius steering), and its wheel-track can be automatically adjusted. Commonly used spraying booms, weeders, crop information collectors, and other devices can be easily installed on the robot platform. A multi-sensor integrated navigation system including a satellite positioning system, an RGB camera, and a multi-line lidar is designed to realize the unmanned driving of the robot platform in a complex field environment. Field tests have shown that the robot can follow the set route, and tests under simulated conditions have indicated that it can also dynamically correct paths based on crop rows by using a visual system. Results from multiple trials showed that the trajectory tracking accuracy meets the requirements of various field management operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]