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Objective To discuss prenatal ultrasonographic characteristics of placental lake-like lesions and the significance of prenatal diagnosis of these lesions. Methods Six patients with prenatal placental lake-like lesions (maximal diameter>5 cm) detected by ultrasound were selected from Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University from February 2016 to December 2021. Their demographic data, ultrasound features, clinical diagnoses and pregnancy outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results All the patients had a singleton pregnancy, aged 27-33 years at diagnosis, and were initially found with placental lake-like lesions at 18 weeks and two days of pregnancy to 31 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy. Lake-like lesions with clear margins with placenta were detected by ultrasound in cases 1, 2 and 3, all of them were clinically diagnosed with massive subchorionic hematoma (MSH) , then underwent ceserean section at less than 34 weeks but greater than 33 weeks of pregnancy, less than 30 weeks but greater than 29 weeks of pregnancy, and 32 weeks of pregnancy, respectively, and all of 3 neonates had hypospadias. In case 4, a lake-like lesion with definite border protruding into amniotic cavity was found, which spontaneously disappeared in minutes. Fetal growth was unremarkable during pregnancy. In follow-up, the lesion was decreased significantly. Final diagnosis was real large placental lake. In cases 5 and 6, lake-like lesions diffusely involved most part of placenta, with decreased normal placental tissues. Both cases were complicated by early-onset fetal growth restriction (all biometric parameters

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the first‐trimester ultrasound scan in the detection of fetal structural anomalies in twin pregnancies. To examine the association between increased nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, crown–rump length (CRL) or NT discordance, and detection of structural anomalies in a large twin series in China. Methods: We performed retrospective analysis of twin pregnancies who underwent 11–13+6‐week and second‐trimester anomaly scan and booked at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between January 2012 and December 2016. Measurement of fetal CRL/NT and assessment of fetal anatomic structures were based on standard (not detailed) protocols. Conjoined twins and twin‐reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAPS) were excluded from structural anomalies. The diagnostic performance of first‐trimester ultrasound in detection of fetal structural anomalies in twins was determined and compared with that of second trimester. The accuracy of independent variates associated with structural anomaly detection was calculated. Results: A total of 1442 women with twin pregnancies were included. In 40 women and 45 fetuses, structural anomalies were found. Fetal structural anomalies verified at delivery were detected in 42.5% (17/40) of affected pregnancies in the first trimester and 92.5% (37/40) of affected pregnancies when added second trimester (P =.13). The survival rate of pregnancies detected in second trimester was higher than that of pregnancies detected in first trimester (11.8% vs 65.2%). The mean value of intertwin CRL/NT discordance in cases with fetal structural anomalies was larger in monochorionic twins than dichorionic twins, but monochorionicity was not associated with structural anomalies. CRL discordance ≥10% (OR 3.1, 95%CI 1.5–6.3) and NT ≥95th centile (OR 20.0, 95%CI 9.0–44.2) were associated with fetal structural anomalies. In both dichorionic (DC) and monochorionic (MC) twins, the percentages of CRL discordance ≥10% was larger in twins with structural anomalies than those without structural anomalies (37.5% vs 13.4% in DC twins and 50.0% vs 12.5% in MC twins), and this was also true for NT ≥95th centile (31.3% vs 1.7% in DC twins and 37.5% vs 2.2% in MC twins). In the setting of CRL discordance ≥10%, 40.0% (16/40) of twins with structural anomalies were found, in which the predominant fetal structural anomalies were cardiovascular defects, abdominal wall defects, and central nervous system defects. The AUC for detecting structural anomalies by CRL discordance ≥10% was 0.63. In the setting of NT ≥95th centile, 32.5% (13/40) of twins with structural anomalies were found, in which the predominant fetal structural anomalies were cardiovascular defects, cystic hygroma, and abdominal wall defects. The AUC for detecting structural anomalies by NT ≥95th centile was 0.65. Conclusions: The detection rate of twins with fetal structural anomalies was 42.5% per pregnancy in the first trimester. CRL discordance ≥10% and NT ≥95th centile may indicate higher risk of fetal structural anomalies in twins, but their efficacy was limited. Access the CME test here and search by article title. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Imaging assessment of the female urethra is critical for diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence. High‐frequency 3‐dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) is a novel technique for evaluating the female urethra. The aim of this study was to test the repeatability of 3D TVUS between examiners without prior experience with TVUS. Methods: Fifty women underwent 3D TVUS. Two examiners without prior experience analyzed the urethral volumes and measured the urethral parameters. Two‐dimensional (2D) parameters included urethral sphincter length and urethral sphincter thickness; 3D parameters included urethral sphincter volume, midurethral complex volume, and inner core volume. One of the examiners repeated the evaluations 1 month later. Subsequently, the measurements were compared. Results: The mean age of the patients ± SD was 34.1 ± 8.1 (range, 23–55) years; the mean height, weight, and body mass index were 160.44 ± 5.12 (range, 150–173) cm, 61.80 ± 13.64 (range, 45–110) kg, and 23.98 ± 4.91 (range, 17.53–39.92) kg/m2, respectively. The results of our study showed excellent to good intraobserver repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.75–0.87) for the evaluations of all parameters but urethral sphincter length (moderate ICC, 0.53), whereas they showed good to moderate interobserver repeatability (ICC, 0.44–0.77) for all parameters. The repeatability of 3D volumes (ICC, 0.59–0.87) tended to be better than that of 2D parameters (ICC, 0.44–0.76). Conclusions: The intraobserver and interobserver repeatability of high‐frequency 3D TVUS measurements of the female urethra was excellent to moderate between examiners without previous experience. The repeatability of 3D measurements tended to be better than that of 2D parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] CPZ-exposure for 7days caused an anxiety-like behavior in C57BL/6 mice. [•] It decreased GPC+PCh, ml, NAA, NAA+NAAG, and PCr in the thalamus and hippocampus. [•] The treatment increased levels of GABA in the two brain regions. [•] It reduced the activities of total SOD in CTX and of Mn-SOD in CP. [•] It reduced the activities of catalase and GSH-Px in the hippocampus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]