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Triboelectrification, a process that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy through friction, holds promise for eco-friendly wastewater treatment. This study delves into the enhancement of tribocatalytic dye degradation using SrTiO3, a material notable for its non-piezoelectric and centrosymmetric properties. The synthesis of uni- and bi-doped SrTiO3 particles, achieved through a solid-state reaction at 1000 °C, results in a high-purity cubic perovskite structure. Doping with rhodium (Rh) and carbon (C) causes crystal lattice contraction, internal stress, and significant oxygen vacancies. These changes notably improve tribocatalytic efficiency under solar irradiation, with Rh-doped SrTiO3 demonstrating an impressive degradation rate of approximately 88% for Rhodamine B (RhB), along with reaction rate constants near 0.9 h−1 at 554 nm and a noticeable blueshift. This study highlights that defects introduced by doping are integral to this process, boosting catalytic activity through energy state modification and enhancing surface redox radical production. Additionally, these defects are instrumental in generating a flexoelectric field, which markedly influences the separation of electron–hole pairs under solar irradiation. Our findings illuminate the complex interplay between material composition, defect states, and environmental conditions, paving the way for advanced strategies in environmental remediation through optimized tribocatalytic activity.

Objective To explore the influence of gender on the prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO). Methods All non-valvular AF patients who were admitted in our hospital and underwent LAAO from August 2014 to August 2021 were enrolled and grouped according to gender. Their general information, including gender, age, comorbid underlying diseases, and results of transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were collected. The incidences of device-related thrombosis (DRT), pericardial tamponade, stroke, bleeding, hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiac death were recorded during follow-up. The influence of gender on the prognosis of these patients was analyzed. Results There were totally 673 patients with non-valvular AF were enrolled, including 366 males and 307 females, at a mean age of 68.2±9.4 years. When compared with the male patients, the female ones had a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score (P < 0.01), but smaller proportions of history of stroke, average compression ratio of occluders, and incidence of residual shunt (< 3 mm) after occlusion (P < 0.05). In 45~60 d after surgery, TEE revealed that there were 17 cases of DRT, including 8 males (2.2%) and 9 females (2.9%), though without statistical difference between the groups. Among the 17 DRT cases, 1 experienced stroke, and the incidence of stroke was 5.9% in those with DRT and 0.5% without. There were 4 cases of postoperative pericardial tamponade, including 1 in the male group and 3 in the female group (no significant difference), and all of them were improved after pericardial puncture and fluid extraction. During the follow-up period of 40.2±20.5 months, no obvious differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of stroke, bleeding, hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiogenic death. Conclusion Gender shows no significant effect on the prognosis of patients with non-valvular AF after LAAO.

Objective To observe the incidence of pericardial tamponade (PT) after left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), and to explore its related factors and outcomes. Methods NVAF patients who were hospitalized and treated with LAAC in Department of Cardiology of our hospital from August 2014 to March 2023 were selected for the study.The general clinical data, preoperative transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography data, results of routine preoperative laboratory tests, intraoperative data and follow-up data of the patients were collected through the hospital medical record management system.The enrolled patients were classified into the non-PT group (n=8) and the PT group (n=1 184) according to whether PT occurred after LAAC or not.The incidence of PT, related risk factors and outcomes were statistically analyzed. Results This study included 639 males (53.6%) and 553 females (46.4%), with an average age of 68.1±9.65 years.The CHA2DS2-VASc score was 4.51±1.72, and the HAS-BLED score was 3.36±1.09.PT occurred in 8 cases (0.67%), among them, 6 cases occurred 1 to 33 h after LAAC, and 2 cases occurred on day 19 and day 27 after LAAC.As for the results of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and LAA angiography, compared with the non-PT group, the PT group had the significantly larger maximum caliber of the LAA (P=0.025, P=0.015), smaller maximum depth of the LAA (P=0.028, P=0.031), and lower success rate of one-time placement of the occluder (P=0.031);The occluder compression rate of the PT group was significantly greater than that of the non-PT group (P=0.046).Multivariate analysis showed that larger maximum diameter of LAA, smaller average effective depth of LAA and larger compression rate of occluder were the main risk factors for PT.All the 8 PT patients were cured by stopping antithrombotic drugs, pericardiocentesis or surgical drainage.During a mean follow-up of 39±27 months, there were no device-related thrombosis (DRT), ischemic stroke, systemic embolism and other complications in the PT group. Conclusion The incidence of PT after LAAC is low, which is related to the large diameter of LAA, the relatively insufficient depth of the LAA and the large compression rate of the occlude.PT can be cured by stopping antithrombotic drugs and pericardiocentesis/surgical drainage.

In order to explore the changes in flavor nucleotide-related compounds in low-salt pickled potherb mustard during storage and transportation, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established to analyze the changes in the contents of flavor nucleotide-associated substances in low-salt pickled potherb mustard during storage at (25 ± 5) ℃ (J-25), (4 ± 1) ℃ (J-4), and (25 ± 5) ℃ after sterilization (M-25) or (4 ± 1) ℃ after sterilization (M-4) were analyzed. Moreover, the changes in sensory quality were monitored. The results showed that 12 compounds related to flavor nucleotides were effectively separated within 33 min. Both sterilization and cold storage inhibited the deterioration of sensory quality and flavor nucleotide-associated substances, and their combination was more effective than either alone. The contents of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and inosine monophosphate (IMP) in group M-4 were 29.7% and 66.4% of the initial values after 60 days, respectively, and the sensory quality was still acceptable. The total amount of ATP-related compounds in pickled potherb mustard stored at (25 ± 5) ℃ increased first and then decreased rapidly, and the sensory acceptance period of group J-25 was only 9 days. Both sterilization and cold storage effectively inhibited the changes of flavor nucleotides including adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cytidine monophosphate (CMP), uridine monophosphate (UMP) in pickled potherb mustard, and the total amount of these four flavor nucleotides in group M-4 was as high as 4.30 mg/100 g at the end of storage. Microbial metabolism in pickled potherb mustard and high temperatures accelerated the deterioration of flavor nucleotide-related compounds during storage, while sterilization and cold storage were beneficial to the maintenance of flavor nucleotide-associated compounds. The results of this study provide theoretical support for the processing and storage of low-salt pickled potherb mustard.

[Objective] Generally, shield machines are launched or received after completing the construction of shield working shaft main structure. However, due to various constraints, considering SLR (shield launching and receiving) beforehand is often necessary. Therefore, it is important to study the impact of SLR on shield working shaft retaining structure. [Method] Taking a standard three-storey island-type underground station of Chengdu Metro as example, the force and deformation of shield shaft retaining structure during SLR are studied when the main lining structure is not yet constructed. The impact of SLR on retaining structure stability is also analyzed. [Result & Conclusion] The research results indicate that: during SLR in an unlined working shaft, the maximum horizontal displacement and maximum bending moment of the retaining structure piles both occur at the fourth steel support of the shield working shaft end wall. The maximum shear force of the retaining structure occurs at the bottom plate of shaft end wall midspan. When main lining structure is not constructed for the shaft, the deformation and force of the retaining structure piles increase, but the displacement and mechanical indicators still meet the requirements of the specifications. The retaining structure can withstand the load and strength requirements under the action of shear force and bending moment. Therefore, SLR in an unlined shaft can improve construction efficiency, effectively saving construction time and reducing engineering costs.

Abstract It is a green route to prepare H2O2 through electrochemical oxygen reduction at normal temperature and pressure using only oxygen and water as feedstock. This method is suitable for the distributed production of H2O2, avoiding the safety problems caused by long-term storage and long-distance transportation. We propose a mild strategy modulating carbon materials i.e., the carbon black is treated by a low-concentration H2O2, where the oxidation reactions occur by hydroxyl radicals. The oxygenated groups and carbon defects were regulated by adjusting the concentration H2O2 used. The modified carbon black showed excellent selectivity and stability in the electrosynthesis of H2O2 under neutral conditions. The optimal catalyst had a selectivity of 99% for H2O2 at a potential of 0.25 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode and remained above 90% in a wide potential window. The activity of optimal catalyst was increased by 19% compared to the pristine carbon black. It was found that the improvement of catalytic activity and selectivity was mainly ascribed to carbon defect. The concentration of H2O2 produced was 0.33 mol L−1 with 80% Faradaic efficiency at 4.5 V in the flow cell. The productivity of H2O2 could reach 2.23 mol g−1 h−1 during a continuous operation of 10 h. Graphical Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the latent tuberculosis infection （LTBI） of close contacts in schools of Xuhui District， and to explore the tuberculin skin test （TST）- interferon-γ release assay （IGRA） two-step method in order to discover the screening strategy of tuberculosis in Xuhui District.MethodsClose contacts of tuberculosis in schools of Xuhui District from 2020 to 2022 were selected as research subjects. Screening was conducted using symptom questionnaire， TST， chest X-rays， IGRA， and the information including the etiological results and grade of the index cases， as well as gender， age， and relationship with the index cases of the research subjects were collected.ResultsTotally 615 close contacts of 32 tuberculosis cases occurred in the schools were finally included. Of the 609 close contacts who completed tuberculosis infection screening and underwent TST testing， 153 TST（+） individuals underwent IGRA testing. The final LTBI rate was 4.6%， and the pulmonary tuberculosis detection rate was 163 per 100 000. The relationship with the index cases was an influencing factor for LTBI. The IGRA positivity rate was higher among close contacts with TST ≥15 mm than among those with 10 mm≤ TST

Class III peroxidases (CIII PRXs) are plant-specific enzymes with high activity that play key roles in the catalysis of oxidation-reduction reactions. In plants, CIII PRXs can reduce hydrogen peroxide to catalyze oxidation–reduction reactions, thereby affecting plant growth, development, and stress responses. To date, no systematic analysis of the CIII PRX gene family in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) has been documented, although the genome has been reported. In this study, a total of 77 CIII PRX (designated LcPRX) gene family members were predicted in the litchi genome to provide a reference for candidate genes in the responses to abiotic stresses during litchi growth and development. All of these LcPRX genes had different numbers of highly conserved PRX domains and were unevenly distributed across fifteen chromosomes. They were further clustered into eight clades using a phylogenetic tree, and almost every clade had its own unique gene structure and motif distribution. Collinearity analysis confirmed that there were eleven pairs of duplicate genes among the LcPRX members, and segmental duplication (SD) was the main driving force behind the LcPRX gene expansion. Tissue-specific expression profiles indicated that the expression levels of all the LcPRX family members in different tissues of the litchi tree were significantly divergent. After different abiotic stress treatments, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the LcPRX genes responded to various stresses and displayed differential expression patterns. Physicochemical properties, transmembrane domains, subcellular localization, secondary structures, and cis-acting elements were also analyzed. These findings provide insights into the characteristics of the LcPRX gene family and give valuable information for further elucidating its molecular function and then enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in litchi through molecular breeding.

Abstract Background Over the past few years, HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China has increased significantly. Chongqing, located in the southwest of China, has the highest prevalence of HIV among MSM in the country. Methods Blood samples were taken from 894 MSM in Chongqing who had recently been diagnosed with HIV-1 infection and had not yet started getting treatment. In order to determine the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes, transmitted drug resistance, and assessments of molecularly transmitted clusters, we sequenced the Pol genes and employed them in phylogenetic analysis. The genetic distance between molecular clusters was 1.5%. To find potential contributing factors, logistic regression analyses were performed. Results Of the 894 HIV-1 pol sequences acquired from study participants, we discovered that CRF07_BC (73.6%) and CRF01_AE (19.6%) were the two most prevalent HIV-1 genotypes in Chongqing among MSM, accounting for 93.2% of all infections. In addition, CRF08_BC (1.1%), B subtype (1.0%), CRF55_01B (3.4%), and URF/Other subtypes (1.3%) were less frequently observed. Among MSM in Chongqing, transmitted drug resistance (TDR) was reported to be present at a rate of 5.6%. 48 clusters with 600 (67.1%, 600/894) sequences were found by analysis of the molecular transmission network. The distributions of people by age, sexual orientation, syphilis, and genotype were significantly differentially related to being in clusters, according to the multivariable logistic regression model. Conclusion Despite the low overall prevalence of TDR, the significance of genotypic drug resistance monitoring needs to be emphasized. CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE were the two main genotypes that created intricate molecular transmission networks. In order to prevent the expansion of molecular networks and stop the virus’s spread among MSM in Chongqing, more effective HIV intervention plans should be introduced.

The MADS-box protein is an important transcription factor in plants and plays an important role in regulating the plant abiotic stress response. In this study, a total of 94 MADS-box genes were predicted in the litchi genome, and these genes were widely distributed on all the chromosomes. The LcMADS-box gene family was divided into six subgroups (Mα, Mβ, Mγ, Mδ, MIKC, and UN) based on their phylogenetical relationships with Arabidopsis, and the closely linked subgroups exhibited more similarity in terms of motif distribution and intron/exon numbers. Transcriptome analysis indicated that LcMADS-box gene expression varied in different tissues, which can be divided into universal expression and specific expression. Furthermore, we further validated that LcMADS-box genes can exhibit different responses to various stresses using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Moreover, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, collinearity, and cis-acting elements were also analyzed. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the MADS-box gene family in litchi, specifically in relation to stress response. The identification of hormone-related and stress-responsive cis-acting elements in the MADS-box gene promoters suggests their involvement in stress signaling pathways. This study contributes to the understanding of stress tolerance mechanisms in litchi and highlights potential regulatory mechanisms underlying stress responses.

The northern areas of China are traditional endemic regions for brucellosis in both animals and humans, while occasional outbreaks of brucellosis have been observed in neglected southern provinces. On 16 December 2020, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CQCDC) received a report of 15 Brucella seropositive employees in a biological products company. The CQCDC and the local health administrative department launched an investigation that included identification of cases, laboratory testing of samples, and employees’ interview to identify the cause of this incident. A case-control study was implemented to compare high-risk factors between cases and serology-negative personals. Human and animal serum samples and environmental swabs were collected for testing. A total of 61 recessive infectors were found with an infection rate of 43.57% (61/140). Fisher’s exact test showed that there were significant differences in Brucella infection rates among different post classifications (p = 0.02), working places (p = 0.007), and buildings (p

Objective To assess the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with atrial septal defect (ASD)before and after interventional closure, and analyze the related risk factors. Methods A retrospective study was carried out in the ASD patients over 40 years old undergoing interventional closure in our hospital from August 2014 to June 2021. According the presence of AF or not before interventional closure, they were divided into ASD plus AF group and ASD plus sinus rhythm group. Based on the occurrence of new-onset AF or not after interventional closure, they were also assigned into new-onset AF group and sinus rhythm group. The related factors were analyzed by comparing those in the ASD plus AF group, new-onset AF group and the sinus rhythm groups. Results A total of 280 patients were recruited in this study, including 75 males and 205 females, at a mean age of 40~83(54.51±10.02) years. The incidence of AF in ASD patients before interventional closure was 16.07% (45/280). Of the 235 patients who were in sinus rhythm before interventional closure, 15 (6.38%) patients developed new-onset AF during the follow-up of 42.40±23.98 months. In comparison to the patients who did not have AF, the patients who had AF before interventional closure were significantly older (P < 0.001), and with NYHA functional class Ⅱ or worse (P=0.004), dilated both left and right atriums (P < 0.001) and higher right ventricular pressure (P < 0.001). Compared to the patients with sinus rhythm after interventional closure, those with new-onset AF were older (P < 0.001), and with dilated left atrium (P=0.008), right atrium (P=0.003) and right ventricle (P=0.042), but a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, P=0.004). Logistic regression analysis showed that older age, dilated left atriums, NYHA functional class ≥Ⅱ and elevated right ventricular pressure were risk factors of AF, and age was the main risk factors of new-onset AF in ASD patients after interventional closure. Conclusion The incidence of AF is quite high in ASD patients over 40 years old no matter before or after interventional occlusion. Older age, dilated atriums, worse NYHA functional class and higher right ventricular pressure may be the risk factors for the occurrence of AF, and among them, age is the main risk factor of new-onset AF.

Objective To analyze the effectivity and safety of stent thrombectomy and direct aspiration thrombectomy in the treatment of ischemic stroke caused by acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) M2 segment occlusion. Methods A total of 44 patients with ischemic stroke caused by acute MCA M2 segment occlusion who received endovascular therapy in Wuhan No.1 Hospital from March 2016 to March 2021 were selected, including 22 patients with stent thrombectomy and 22 patients with direct aspiration thrombectomy. Time from onset to the end of surgery, postoperative immediate recanalization rate [modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Score (mTICI)≥2b], postoperative 90⁃day good prognosis rate [modified Rankin Scale（mRS）≤2], mortality, rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (asICH) were recorded. Results The postoperative recanalization rate in the total 44 patients was 77.27% (34/44), while 68.18% (15/22) in the stent group and 86.36% (19/22) in the aspiration group. Five patients in the aspiration group had poor result with aspiration and were remedied with stent thrombectomy. There was no statistic difference in the time from puncture to the end of the surgery (t=0.978, P=0.334), recanalization rate (χ2=2.071, P=0.150), postoperaitve 90⁃day good prognosis rate (χ2=0.364, P=0.546), mortality (χ2=0.193, P=0.660), incidence of sICH (χ2=0.524, P=0.469) and asICH (χ2=0.275, P=0.600). Conclusions This preliminary study showed that stent thrombectomy and direct aspiration thrombectomy in patients with ischemic stroke caused by acute MCA M2 segment occlusion are safe and effective, but further exploration of multicentre, large⁃sample randomised controlled trials is needed.

This study examines the issue in standard and operational scenarios of microgrids that arise during critical conditions. Initially, the ideal energy storage size and discharge depth are identified for optimal microgrid planning under operating conditions. Subsequently, by utilizing the energy storage system and load response, the microgrid’s vulnerability is reduced and the cost of load shedding is minimized when in critical conditions, leading to the microgrid being disconnected from the main network and operating in island mode. This model aims to analyze how the system performance is influenced by the presence of storage systems and load response programs in a numerical scenario, particularly during severe weather events. In addition, the study examines the role of advanced control algorithms and communication systems in optimizing the operation of the microgrid. By implementing smart grid technologies, the microgrid can better manage its energy resources, anticipate fluctuations in demand, and respond quickly to changing conditions. This proactive approach helps to ensure the stability and reliability of the microgrid, even in the face of unforeseen challenges. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities facing microgrids in both normal and emergency situations. By identifying the most effective energy storage solutions, load response strategies, renewable energy integration methods, and advanced control systems, the study aims to enhance the resilience, efficiency, and sustainability of microgrid systems in the future. The results of the proposed approach in critical operational mode represent the optimal condition of the electrical microgrid with minimum cost and load shedding considering storage systems and load response programs.

Flower color variations have increasingly been recognized as playing an important role in the adaptation to UV-B radiation; however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood in perennial fruit trees. Litchi is an important fruit tree, and extremely early maturing (EEM) and middle-to-late-maturing (MLM) cultivars that originated from regions with high and low UV-B radiation have dark brown and light yellow flower buds, respectively, while their hybrid early-maturing (EM) cultivars have an intermediate brown flower bud. This study comprehensively analyzed the metabolome and transcriptome of flower buds of litchi EEM, EM and MLM cultivars to explore the mechanism underlying flower color variation during the adaptation to UV-B radiation for the first time. Metabolomic analysis identified 72 flavonoids in litchi flower buds, among which a higher accumulation of flavonol glycosides was responsible for darker flower buds of EEM cultivars. And transcriptome analysis revealed key structural genes, including LcCHI, LcFLS and seven UGTs, together with two transcription factors (LcMYB12 and LcMYB111), which could be directly up-regulated by UV-B radiation, playing critical roles in regulating the differential accumulation of flavonol glycosides. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying adaptation to UV-B radiation and provide a genetic basis for future breeding of stress-tolerant cultivars of litchi.

Flavonol synthase (FLS) is the crucial enzyme of the flavonol biosynthetic pathways, and its expression is tightly regulated in plants. In our previous study, two alleles of LcFLS, LcFLS-A and LcFLS-B, have been identified in litchi, with extremely early-maturing (EEM) cultivars only harboring LcFLS-A, while middle-to-late-maturing (MLM) cultivars only harbor LcFLS-B. Here, we overexpressed both LcFLS alleles in tobacco, and transgenic tobacco produced lighter-pink flowers and showed increased flavonol levels while it decreased anthocyanin levels compared to WT. Two allelic promoters of LcFLS were identified, with EEM cultivars only harboring proLcFLS-A, while MLM cultivars only harbor proLcFLS-B. One positive and three negative R2R3-MYB transcription regulators of LcFLS expression were identified, among which only positive regulator LcMYB111 showed a consistent expression pattern with LcFLS, which both have higher expression in EEM than that of MLM cultivars. LcMYB111 were further confirmed to specifically activate proLcFLS-A with MYB-binding element (MBE) while being unable to activate proLcFLS-B with mutated MBE (MBEm). LcHY5 were also identified and can interact with LcMYB111 to promote LcFLS expression. Our study elucidates the function of LcFLS and its differential regulation in different litchi cultivars for the first time.

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a highly valuable fruit crop that is widely grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Studying its genetic diversity and population structure is critical for effective conservation and breeding programs. In this study, we developed 150 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that were evenly spaced across litchi genome and applied them to the evaluation of the genetic diversity of 84 litchi accessions, including old cultivars, modern cultivars, hybrids from known parents and wild accessions. Ninety-one SNP markers, showing high levels of polymorphism and high genotyping success rates, were used for further analysis. The newly developed SNP markers captured a relatively higher level of genetic diversity (He = 0.364) in litchi cultivars and could be successfully applied for the identification of synonymous cultivars and hybrids with close genetic backgrounds. Cluster analysis grouped all genotypes into three clusters that showed perfect association with their fruit maturation period, among which wild accessions clustered with their corresponding domesticated cultivars, and hybrids from different parent combinations showed different inheritance tendencies. Our study not only provided a set of efficient SNP markers for future genetic research, but also laid an important foundation for the conservation and genetic breeding of litchi.

【Objective】Litchi production in Guangdong Province in 2022 was analyzed, with a view to providing reliable data support for guiding the production of litchi in Guangdong.【Method】Based on the data of litchi cultivars, cultivated area, phenological period, flowering rate, fruit setting rate and expected yield provided by litchi industry alliances, experimental stations and large litchi growers, the yield of litchi in Guangdong in 2022 was predicted.【Result】At the end of May and beginning of June, some early maturing varieties in western Guangdong have begun to mature, and the mid-late maturing varieties have passed the third physiological fruit drop period, and the yield is basically stable. It is estimated that the yield of litchi in Guangdong is about 1.19 million tons in 2022, which is about 18.6% lower than that in last year. Among them, the yields of early maturing varieties Feizixiao and Baitangyin are reduced by 21.11% and 15.52%, respectively. The yields of late maturing varieties Guiwei and Nuomici are reduced by 39.72% and 34.57%, respectively. The yield of Huaizhi is increased by more than 9.61%. In recent years, due to the increase of production area, the yield of the main new varieties of Xianjinfeng, Jingganghongnuo, Fengshanhongdenglong, Lingfengnuo, Guanyinlv and Yujinqiu is increased by more than 10% compared with that in last year. Litchi yield of the early maturing area in western Guangdong is decreased significantly, about 30.25% lower than that in 2021. The yield of late maturing area in eastern Guangdong is stable, basically the same as that in 2021. The yield of mid-late maturing areas in central Guangdong is reduced by 8.35%.【Conclusion】In 2022, Guangdong litchi has good flowering and low fruit setting rate due to low temperature and rainy climate, resulting in lower yield, which is a medium low year in recent 5 years, only higher than the yield of 1.09 million tons in 2019. The flowering period of litchi is over 10 days later than that of the year round, and the listing period is expected to be 10-15 days later.

Abstract Microscopy by Achromatic X-rays With Emission of Laminar Light (MAXWELL) is a new X-ray/visible technique with attractive characteristics including isotropic resolution in all directions, large-volume imaging and high throughput. An ultrathin, laminar X-ray beam produced by a Wolter type I mirror irradiates the sample stimulating the emission of visible light by scintillating nanoparticles, captured by an optical system. Three-dimensional (3D) images are obtained by scanning the specimen with respect to the laminar beam. We implemented and tested the technique with a high-brightness undulator at SPring-8, demonstrating its validity for a variety of specimens. This work was performed under the Synchrotrons for Neuroscience—an Asia–Pacific Strategic Enterprise (SYNAPSE) collaboration.

Summary: Histone modification H3K27me3 is an important chromatin mark that plays vital roles in repressing expression of developmental genes. Here, we construct high-resolution 3D genome maps using long-read chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET) and characterize H3K27me3-associated chromatin interactions in an elite rice hybrid, Shanyou 63. We find that many H3K27me3-marked regions may function as silencer-like regulatory elements. The silencer-like elements can come into proximity with distal target genes via forming chromatin loops in 3D space of the nuclei, regulating gene silencing and plant traits. Natural and induced deletion of silencers upregulate expression of distal connected genes. Furthermore, we identify extensive allele-specific chromatin loops. We find that genetic variations alter allelic chromatin topology, thus modulating allelic gene imprinting in rice hybrids. In conclusion, the characterization of silencer-like regulatory elements and haplotype-resolved chromatin interaction maps provide insights into the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying allelic gene silencing and plant trait controlling.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, landscapes of EMT-related genes have not been fully established in CAD. We identified the differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Pearson’s correlation analysis, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, and support vector machine reverse feature elimination algorithms were used to screen EMT-related lncRNAs. The cis–trans regulatory networks were constructed based on EMT-related lncRNAs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to validate the expression of EMT-related genes in a cohort of six patients with CAD and six healthy controls. We further estimated the infiltration of the immune cells in CAD patients with five algorithms, and the correlation between EMT-related genes and infiltrating immune cells was analyzed. We identified eight EMT-related lncRNAs in CAD. The area under curve value was greater than 0.95. The immune analysis revealed significant CD8 T cells, monocytes, and NK cells in CAD and found that EMT-related lncRNAs were correlated with these immune cell subsets. Moreover, SNAI2, an EMT-TF gene, was found in the trans-regulatory network of EMT-related lncRNAs. Further, we found SNAI2 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of CAD but it also had a close correlation with immune cell subsets in CAD. Eight EMT-related lncRNAs and SNAI2 have important significance in the diagnosis of CAD patients.

The research progress on optimistic analysis and ultimate bearing capacity of the conventional metal supports, such as mine I-beam, U-shaped steel and concrete filled steel tubes, is summarized. It especially focused on introducing a new type of steel support with corrugated webs. The advantages of steel support with corrugated webs in bearing capacity and economy compared with traditional supports, the global stability bearing capacity and local stability of the steel support structure with corrugated webs in different roadway profiles are introduced herein. It also reviews the research work and achievements on the yieldable connecting configuration, as well as the interaction between the support and the surrounding rock. It can be concluded that the prominent advantages of the support with corrugated web are its high supporting capacity and light weight, which is economical and greatly reducing the labor intensity. The two types of yieldable connecting components (high-strength bolts and wedge sleeves) are developed, which can solve the eccentricity issue of traditional one, besides, the surrounding rock load on the supports can be reduced through connection yielding and pressure relief, which could improve the stability and service life of the steel supports with corrugated webs. The research achievements have vital reference significance to the future development of new support structures for coal mine roadways with rock bursts.

Abstract Wave energy converters (WECs) exhibit higher energy capture capacity when the wave frequency is close to the nature frequency of the device. A possible way to enhance energy capture efficiency is to modify the nature frequency of a WEC to match the incoming wave frequency. This paper presents an inertia self‐tuning phase control strategy which can optimize the wave energy capture efficiency of a floating multi‐body (FMB) WEC by regulating automatically the total mass of the capture energy part according to the incoming wave conditions. A variable‐frequency inertia self‐tuning control system is designed to conduct the proposed control strategy. The mathematical model of rotational motion of the FMB WEC is built and the dynamic performance of the control system is analysed in detail. Simulation results illustrate the proposed control strategy can achieve a phase optimization and hence significantly improve wave energy extraction of the FMB WEC in both regular and irregular waves. For regular waves, the maximum capture width ratio)CWR( under the control strategy is 7.3 times higher than that no control strategy is used. For irregular waves, the maximum CWR under the control strategy is 4.4 times that without the control strategy at the same wave frequency.

Currently, we are developing the user-PC computing (UPC) system based on the master-worker model as a scalable, low-cost, and high-performance computing platform. To run various application programs on personal computers (PCs) with different environments for workers, it adopts Docker technology to bundle every necessary software as one image file. Unfortunately, the Docker file/image are manually generated through multiple steps by a user, which can be the bottleneck. In this paper, we present a web-based Docker image assistant generation (DIAG) tool in the UPC system to assist or reduce these process steps. It adopts Angular JavaScript for offering user interfaces, PHP Laravel for handling logic using RestAPI, MySQL database for storing data, and Shell scripting for speedily running the whole program. In addition, the worker-side code modification function is implemented so that a user can modify the source code of the running job and update the Docker image at a worker to speed up them. For evaluations, we collected 30 Docker files and 10 OpenFOAM jobs through reverse processing from Docker images in Github and generated the Docker images using the tool. Moreover, we modified source codes for network simulations and generated the Docker images in a worker five times. The results confirmed the validity of the proposal.

Abstract Identifying ecologically fragile areas by assessing ecosystem vulnerability is an essential task in environmental conservation and management. Benin is considered a vulnerable area, and its coastal zone, which is subject to erosion and flooding effects, is particularly vulnerable. This study assessed terrestrial ecosystems in Benin by establishing a hybrid ecological vulnerability index (EVI) for 2016 that combined a composite model based on principal component analysis (PCA) with an additive model based on exposure, sensitivity and adaptation. Using inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation, point data were spatially distributed by their geographic significance. The results revealed that the composite system identified more stable and vulnerable areas than the additive system; the two systems identified 48,600 km2 and 36,450 km2 of stable areas, respectively, for a difference of 12,150 km2, and 3,729 km2 and 3,007 km2 of vulnerable areas, for a difference of 722 km2. Using Moran’s I and automatic linear modeling, we improved the accuracy of the established systems. In the composite system, increases of 11,669 km2 in the potentially vulnerable area and 1,083 km2 in the highly vulnerable area were noted in addition to a decrease of 4331 km2 in the potential area; while in the additive system, an increase of 3,970 km2 in the highly vulnerable area was observed. Finally, southern Benin was identified as vulnerable in the composite system, and both northern and southern Benin were identified as vulnerable in the additive system. However, regardless of the system, Littoral Province in southern Benin, was consistently identified as vulnerable, while Donga Province was stable.

Aim: to determine of peculiarities of personal cognitive styles in qualified badminton players. Material and methods. The studies were carried out using the hardware-software computer complex "Multipsychometer-05". The modified Stroop test was selected. The indicators of the test "Field dependence" were determined: field independence, left hemispheric dominance, functional asymmetry, and the effectiveness of the test. The obtained results of the study were analyzed for the entire sample of badminton players, as well as separately for men and women. Results. According to the results of scientific research on the field dependence of qualified badminton players, it was found that all athletes in our sample demonstrate a slight bias towards field dependence; dominated by right hemisphere dominance; in functional asymmetry and efficiency, qualified badminton players demonstrate an average level. The analysis of test indicators, taking into account gender dimorphism, showed that among men 72% demonstrate a predominance of right hemispheric dominance of varying degrees, 28% have left hemispheric dominance. As for women, 54% demonstrate a predominance of right hemispheric dominance of varying degrees, and 37% demonstrate left hemispheric dominance of varying degrees. Conclusions. Men show a tendency towards better test performance and have more pronounced functional asymmetry. The cognitive style of skilled badminton players determines the strategy of selection and processing of information, problem solving, learning and other types of cognitive activities. Because human cognitive-activity styles are genetically determined and demonstrate a pronounced stability of cognitive-stylistic characteristics in ontogenesis, they can be used as prognostic and diagnostic criteria.

Litchi fruit contains abundant polyphenols and is susceptible to browning after harvest. Herein the combined treatments of malic acid (MA) and lycopene (LYC) to delay the development of browning in litchi fruit stored at room temperature (25°C) and low temperature (4°C) was investigated. The results showed that the pericarp browning could be alleviated, and the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative leakage rate was retarded by the combined MA and LYC during storage. As compared to control, the content of pericarp anthocyanins, flavonoids, and the total phenols maintained higher levels; and the decrease of antioxidant activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity and reducing power were slowed down in treated fruit. The enzyme activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) related to oxidation of polyphenols were depressed by the combined treatments. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that the content of phenols in the pericarp negatively affected the changes in the browning index, and was positively related to the DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Taken together, the combined treatments of MA and LYC exhibited potential effects in delaying the pericarp browning of litchi fruit by maintaining the content of polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and membrane integrity.

The world is currently facing disruption of the climate system related to global warming. Climate is a crucial factor in ecosystem assessment. Benin is considered a vulnerable area, particularly its south, which is a coastal zone. The current study evaluated the impact of climate on ecosystems in the Oueme basin. An understanding of indicator difference between 2000 and 2016 was provided. Afterwards, systems to calculate the sensitivity index (S) to accurately identify the extremely sensitive area within the basin were designed for 2016. Indeed, detecting sensitive areas is a suitable vehicle to promote sustainability. Then, using ten indicators, mainly obtained from satellite images, grouped into three factors (climate, land use, and warming), and based on multicriteria methods, specifically the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and principal component analysis (PCA), the index S was performed. Results revealed decreases in normalized difference water index (NDWI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and increases in land surface temperature (LST), normalized difference building index (NDBI), and potential evapotranspiration (PET). According to the AHP system, percentages of 39%, 46%, and 15% were determined to be the lowly, moderately, and extremely sensitive areas. In comparison, the PCA system identified ratios of 44%, 41%, and 15% as, respectively, the lowly, moderately, and extremely sensitive areas. Spatially and regardless of the established systems, the southern Oueme basin (Littoral, Atlantique, and Oueme) was consistently identified as extremely sensitive. In contrast, the northern Oueme basin (Donga and Borgou) was stable. Referring to Pearson's correlation, climate (extremely) and land use (moderately) were highlighted to be considered threats to ecosystems in the Oueme basin.

Abstract Background The present study investigated and evaluated the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in patients during bilateral mandibular third molars extraction by systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were retrieved, and the effect of PRF on the healing process of the alveolar socket after surgical extraction of the mandibular third molars was evaluated by meta-analysis. The postoperative pain, swelling, trismus, osteoblastic activity, and soft tissue healing were assessed, and the incidence of alveolar osteitis, weighted mean difference (WMD)/standard mean difference (SMD), the risk ratio (RR), and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results The current results showed that the local application of PRF during lower third molar extraction prevented postoperative complications. Subsequently, the pain (SMD = − 0.53, 95% CI: − 1.02–-0.05, P heterogeneity = 0.001, I 2 = 75.7%) and swelling (WMD = − 0.55, 95% CI: − 1.08–-0.01, P heterogeneity = 0.573, I 2 = 0) were relieved and the incidence of alveolar osteitis was reduced (RR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16–0.75, P heterogeneity = 0.597, I 2 = 0%). However, no significant difference was observed in trismus, osteoblastic activity, and soft tissue healing between the PRF and non-PRF groups. Conclusion The current study confirms that PRF only reduces some of the postoperative complications but does not prevent all the postoperative complications. PRF significantly relieved the pain and swelling and reduced the incidence of alveolar osteitis after the extraction of an impacted lower third molar.

Using solid-phase reaction process to synthesize La0.7Ca0.3CrO3-δ(LCC) primary powder, composite hollow fiber membrane of NiO/LCC (1:1) was prepared by phase-conversion spinning method and then sintered at 1400℃ in air as micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) support. The particle size distribution, TG-DTA thermal analysis, structure, morphologies, electrical conductivity, thermal expansion and bending strength were characterized by laser particulate size analyzer, thermal analyzer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, standard DC four-probe technique, thermal expansion dilatometer and universal material testing machine. Results indicate that LCC and NiO powders have considerable chemical and sintering compatibilities at SOFC co-firing temperature (1400℃). The fracture section of the hollow fiber membrane exhibits a sandwich-like structure with homogeneous porous surfaces. Two layers of obviously bigger parallel finger-like pores distribute uniformly between the inner and outer surfaces of the microtubule section. The porosity of the sample is 60.6%, and increases to a relatively high value of 68.1% after reduction. Electrical conductivity of the sintered specimen decreases as the temperature increasing in pure H2. The value reaches 10.8S·cm-1 at 700℃. Bending strength before and after reduction are 39.6MPa and 33.2MPa respectively. Thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) value of the NiO/LCC hollow fiber membrane gets to 12.4×10-6K-1, which is very close to that of other SOFC components, such as NiO/YSZ anode and LCC interconnect.

Research on the mathematical model and the real-time simulation of the ship motion is investigated. An equation of three degrees of freedom (DOF) nonlinear maneuvering motion is established by means of the unified model in short-crested irregular waves in deep water. The resistance and propulsion dynamics are modeled by the classical methods as well as forces and moments of the rudder and the viscous crossflow. The three-dimensional boundary element method (BEM) using Green function source is adopted to solve the boundary value problem (BVP) in the frequency domain. The added mass and potential damping coefficients are calculated by Cummins method, and the mean wave drift forces by far-field formulas along with numerical verifications. After that, the turning motions of two ships (a rescue ship NHJ111 and the Mariner) in calm water are performed, and the relative error is approximately 7% by comparing calculated results with the experimental data. The maneuvering motion of the Mariner in short-crested irregular waves is then carried out. The turning trajectory, surge speed, and drift forces agree well with the theoretical results in regular waves. Finally, the synchronous interpolation method with two-thread double-timer is conceived. The real-time maneuvering simulation of NHJ111 using the validated model is then realized. The developed method can lay the foundation for fast computations of predicting the rescue ship motions in waves.

Preparation technology of an organic high friction composite materials was optimized by RSM(response surface methodology) and Design-Expert software. The friction tests were performed by MMS-2A friction tester. The quadratic regression model was established between process parameters and friction coefficient and wear rate. The results show that the correlation between predictive value and test value of the quadratic regression models has good fitting precision which are 91.97% and 87.85% respectively. There is strong interaction between molding temperature and holding time in the hot-pressing technology. Macro and micro surface morphologies were observed by the metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope, 3D measuring laser microscopy and hardness tester. The interfacial properties of the composites are affected by hot pressing process, which determine the tribological properties of composites. The optimum process parameters can be optimized by response surface methodology with the analysis of the wear mechanism, and the optimum hot pressing process are 19-25MPa,165-174℃,18-22min.