Search

Neutrophils originate from the bone marrow, differentiating from hematopoietic stem cells, and are the most prevalent polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the blood, accounting for approximately 70% of the total white blood cells in adult peripheral blood. Neutrophils are recognized as one of the relatively short-lived cells in the body, with a normal half-life of just a few hours in the peripheral blood, which rely on continuous replenishment from the bone marrow to maintain the number. As short-lived effectors of the innate immune system, neutrophils participate in various inflammatory and immune processes, and constitute the first line of defense against infection, playing a crucial role in the activation and regulation of both innate and adaptive immunity. Neutrophils were once considered as key effectors of inflammation and infection. Because of their short lifespan and non-proliferative nature, the role of neutrophils in cancer was overlooked. Their role in cancer has been increasingly recognized in recent years. However, more and more studies demonstrate that neutrophils play a much more significant role in cancer than previously thought. Breast cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in women, and its morbidity and mortality are in the forefront of female malignant tumors. The incidence of breast cancer is rising globally, posing a severe threat to the physical and mental health of women worldwide. Recent studies confirm that tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) have become a critical component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a significant role in the development, progression and metastasis of breast cancer. TANs are formed via the interaction of various tumor-derived cytokines which stimulate and recruit neutrophils to accumulate in the TME. The strong plasticity and diversity of neutrophils endow TANs with dual potential to both promote and inhibit tumors. TANs advance breast cancer progression by promoting tumor growth and metastasis, supporting tumor angiogenesis, immune suppression, and generating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Conversely, TANs mediate antitumor responses through direct tumor cell killing and contributing to the formation of antitumor immune network. Research on TANs-related breast cancer therapies, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), has become a research hotspot. This review summarized recent advances in the origin, formation, classification and function of TANs in breast cancer, as well as a detailed discussion of their clinical relevance. We further combined recent clinical studies to systematically summarize the treatment strategies targeting TANs in breast cancer, with the aim of providing new insights into the functional mechanisms of TANs and the treatment of breast cancer.

Abstract Tectonic plate motions drive the earthquake cycle, as they result in the slow accrual and sudden release of energy along plate boundaries. Steadiness of plate motions over the earthquake cycle is a central tenet of the plate tectonics theory and has long been a main pillar in models of earthquake genesis, or of plate-margins seismic potential inferred from slip-deficit estimates. The advent of geodesy in the geosciences and the availability of multi-year-long series of position measurements permit tracking the motions of tectonic plates from before to after the time of significant seismic events that occur along their margins. Here, we present evidence that large earthquakes are capable of modifying the motions of entire microplates. We use high precision Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position time-series covering the periods 2001–2004 and 2014–2017 to demonstrate that, contrary to the tenet above, the South China microplate motion changed after the 2008 $$M_W$$ M W 7.9 Great Wenchuan earthquake. The GNSS data and associated uncertainties indicate a plate motion slowdown of up to 20% that is beyond the possible impact of data noise and is thus tectonically meaningful. We use quantitative models of torque balance to show that generating this kinematic change requires a force upon the South China microplate compatible with that imparted by the Great Wenchuan earthquake of 2008. The existence of a kinematic signal linked to the earthquake cycle that impacts an entire microplate might offer an additional, novel perspective to assessing the hazards of earthquake-prone tectonic regions.

The γ-linolenic acid (GLA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid with three double bonds, has attracted much attention due to its numerous biological properties. Borage, evening primrose, and blackcurrant are the primary sources of GLA, while algae and fungi constitute the majority of microbial sources. Existing GLA separation and purification technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages. A single enrichment method can not meet the requirements for high-purity GLA. The comprehensive use of different methods and the combination of modern separation and extraction technology could be the methods for preparing GLA in the future. Simultaneously, numerous studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of GLA in the body’s metabolism and physiological control, as well as its efficacy in blood lipids, antithrombotic cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. Further research is necessary to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of action. This review of GLA sources, enrichment methods,metabolic pathways and physiological efficacy in humans could provide theoretical support for GLA as a functional health food for the prevention of multiple chronic diseases.

In this article, the epidemiology, molecular mechanism of occurrence and development, risk factors, and treatment of diabetic microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were discussed, providing the theoretical basis for more accurate elucidation of the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic microvascular complications.

Due to the chemical properties of Group VIII transition metals and their importance in catalytic processes, the reactions of rhodium and its neighboring organic complexes have received much attention as model systems. In the present experiments, we successfully prepared two new rhodium complexes named [Rh(cod)(TTP)Cl] and [Rh(cod)(CDP)Cl] using tri(o-tolyl)phosphine and clohexyldiphenylphosphine as ligands, respectively, and the proofs of their structures were completed using 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Subsequently, it was applied to the polymerization reaction of phenylacetylene (PA), and the effects of different solvents, time, and temperature on the yield and molecular weight of the polymerization reaction products were discussed. The experimental results show that both complexes can play a catalytic role in the polymerization of PA. From the point of view of polymer molecular weight, the best reaction conditions for both catalysts were 3 h at 20°C in THF solvent (molecular weight up to 2.40 × 105). From the point of view of yield, the best reaction conditions for both catalysts were 4 h at 35°C in THF solvent (yield up to 89.2%).

[Objective] The landscapes and ecological service functions were comprehensively evaluated in order to provide scientific guidance for the selection of urban greening shrub species. [Methods] Several indexes including landscape service functions (such as greenness quantity, leaf greening period, aesthetic degree) and ecological service functions (such as water conservation, dust retention, oxygen generation while carbon fixation, cooling while humidifying, noise reduction) were investigated and measured, and a comprehensive evaluation model was built by using principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate 26 common urban greening shrub species in the Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province. [Results] ① According to the ranking results of the comprehensive evaluation of landscape service functions, Ligustrum quihoui, Viburnum odoratissinum, Photinia fraseri, Chaenomeles speciosa, Buxus megistophylla, Pittosporum tobira, and Buxus bodinieri received the highest grades of comprehensive evaluation (0.63—1.96) and proved to be the preferred shrub species in landscape beautification. ② According to the ranking results of the comprehensive evaluation of ecological service functions, L. quihoui, V. odoratissinum, C. speciosa, P. fraseri, P. tobira and Pyracantha fortuneana received the highest grades of evaluation (0.70—3.04) and performed outstanding in ecological improvement. ③ According to the comprehensive evaluation of landscape services combined with ecological services, the shrubs that received higher grades were L. quihoui (3.54), V. odoratissinum (2.86), C. speciosa (2.05), P. fraseri (1.72), and P. tobira (1.38). [Conclusion] Shrub species with higher grades should be selected preferentially according to different needs, thous can provide a basis for the selection and cultivation of greening shrub species in urban ecological gardens.

Si addition is commonly used to modify the iron-rich intermetallics in Al–Cu–Mn–Fe alloys, which is beneficial to increasing the use of recycled aluminum. Most of the available research has focused on the effect of Si content on the room-temperature mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Mn–Fe alloys. To expand the application of Al–Cu–Mn–Fe–Si alloys as light heat-resistant structural components in the automotive and aerospace industries, it is of great importance to investigate the evolution of iron-rich intermetallics and its effect on the fracture behavior of Al–Cu–Mn–Fe–Si alloys after thermal exposure and high-temperature tensile testing. In this work, the evolution of iron-rich intermetallics and the high-temperature mechanical properties of heat-treated Al-6.5Cu-0.6Mn-0.5Fe alloys with different Si contents after thermal exposure and high-temperature tensile testing were assessed by tensile tests, image analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic probe tomography. The results indicate that the Al-6.5Cu-0.6Mn-0.5Fe alloys with 0.1Si and 0.5Si additions have excellent and stable high-temperature mechanical properties after long thermal exposure, which are better than those of most heat-resistant Al alloys. The high performance of the high-temperature mechanical properties is attributed to the high heat resistance of secondary intermetallics and precipitated particles. The addition of Si is detrimental to the strength of Al-6.5Cu-0.6Mn-0.5Fe alloys after long thermal exposure. This can be attributed to the solid-state phase transformation of iron-rich intermetallics from α-Fe to β-Fe, which results in the increase of needle-like Fe-rich phases and Si particles, the agglomeration of secondary intermetallics, and the consumption of Al2Cu phases.

Minimal Model (MM) is the top-scoring model for assessing physiological characteristics to diagnose the potential or onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) for the past four decades. Nevertheless it has been arguable that MM method either overestimates glucose effectiveness (GE) or underestimates insulin sensitivity (IS) in some cases by both biologists through in vivo experiments and mathematicians by analysis and/or simulations. We propose a novel model including the interstitial insulin according to physiology and adapted from the well accepted Sturis’ model for the glucose-insulin metabolic system suitable to the IVGTT setting. Our model consistently overcomes the aforementioned defects in a subgroup of subjects. In addition, the variable X for insulin action in MM might be appropriately interpreted as an increment of insulin in the interstitial space in response to the bolus stimulus, rather than being proportional to the interstitial insulin as believed.

Seafood poisoning outbreaks are often caused by biotoxins generated by harmful algal blooms. Shellfish toxins, mainly derived from phytoplankton, cause diarrhea and poisoning in humans who consume contaminated seafood. Many studies suggest that diarrheal shellfish toxins cause functional changes in various cells. In order to protect shellfish products, it is becoming increasingly important to remove these contaminants from the ocean. Public attention plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of acute intoxication caused by contaminated seafood. Monitoring algal toxins is the best way to ensure that seafood is safe and clean. In order to attain these objectives, a variety of technologies were developed and constructed for the purpose of detecting and decontaminating algal toxins in aquatic environments. A review of the current literature regarding the detection and detoxification of diarrheal shellfish toxins is presented in this article.

Three novel rhodium complexes, with l-tyrosine (l-Tyr), l-arginine (l-Arg), or 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine (Dpt) as a ligand, named as [Rh(cod)(l-Tyr)], [Rh(cod)(l-Arg)], and [Rh(cod)(Dpt)2], respectively, had been synthesized for catalyzing the polymerization of phenylacetylene. Their yields were 62.34, 54.87, and 58.21%, respectively, by the most suitable synthesis conditions at 25°C for 4 h. The structures and purity of these complexes were proved by 1H NMR, element analysis, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). It has been examined that phenylacetylene could be polymerized by the three complexes as catalysts with high degrees of polymerization (n = 368, 385, and 664, respectively) and yields (about 87.62, 88.39, and 59.67%, respectively). In conclusion, compared with traditional [Rh–N] type catalysts, the novel [N–Rh–N] type catalyst ([Rh(cod)(Dpt)2]) gained better catalytic performance. By comparing the yield, Mw, and degree of their polymerization, the polymerization mechanism was found under the [N–Rh–N] type rhodium catalyst system.

BackgroundLarge-area plastic scintillators are widely used in radiation monitoring. They are typically employed as gamma radiation counters through signal over-threshold detection. The value of the threshold voltage affects the detector efficiency and minimum detectable activity. When rays are incident at different positions of the large-area plastic, the photon collection efficiencies generated through collecting end pair differ, leading to differences in the detector efficiency.PurposeThis study aims to explore appropriate threshold voltage to reduce the differences and maintain a low minimum detectable activity (MDA), hence achieving high detection efficiency for large-area plastic scintillator.MethodsFirstly, an energy spectra acquisition system was designed using STM32F429 produced by STM semiconductor as the main control chip and a counter for detector efficiency testing of large-area plastic scintillator in size of 400 mm×300 mm×50 mm. Then, the reasonable threshold voltage was determined according to the background energy spectra of the large-area plastic scintillator, the energy spectrum of the 60Co and 137Cs sources at different positions of the large-area plastic scintillator with acquisition time of 3 min, and signal-amplification relationship.ResultsThe determined threshold voltage using above mentioned method for 60Co source is 93.7 mV. To achieve high detector efficiency and low MDA for the large-area plastic scintillator, the best determined threshold voltage for 60Co source is 95 mV. At this voltage, the detector efficiency for 60Co source is 22%, the MDA is 78 Bq.ConclusionsThe proposed method has reference value for large-area plastic scintillation designing and manufacturing detectors.

Tropical forests are considered the most abundant source of biodiversity in the terrestrial ecosystem and the key to international biodiversity conservation. Due to the rapid process of urbanization and land conflicts, regional ecological security is under tremendous pressure, resulting in biological habitat destruction, ecosystem service degradation, biodiversity reduction, etc. Consequently, the construction and optimization of ecological security patterns can improve ecological environment stability, restore ecological function, and protect biodiversity, which is an important spatial way to solve regional ecological environment problems and improve regional ecological security. In this study of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province of China, ecological sources were obtained through ecological system service and ecological sensitivity comprehensive superposition, followed by ecological source extraction through hot spot analysis. The resistance coefficient was modified on the basis of the land cover type through landscape fragmentation comprehensive index construction, and Linkage Mapper calculation was performed to calculate ecological corridors and nodes with the ArcGIS cost-distance analysis module to construct and optimize the ecological security pattern in the Xishuangbanna area. The main results are as follows: (1) Twenty important ecological source areas were extracted from the Xishuangbanna area, covering a total of 7,709.56 km2 and accounting for 40.33% of the study area. The coincidence rate with the existing nature reserves is 89.92%, which is mainly distributed in natural reserve areas, such as the northern part of Jinghong City, Central and southern parts of Mengla County, and the southern part of Menghai County. (2) Compared with the resistance surface corrected by night light data, the spatial differentiation of the landscape resistance surface corrected on the basis of landscape fragmentation is more significant. Among this, the identification of ecological corridors, the spatial distribution of the corridors, the reduction of conflict points of human activities, network connections, and optimal corridor verification delivered relatively better results. (3) The ecological corridor, which includes the key corridor and the potential corridor of 278.59 km and 631.73 km, respectively, shows a spatial pattern combined with the half ring and the small rings. Moreover, the ecological nodes include 20 resource strategic points, four ecological strategic points, 27 ecological temporary rest points, and 24 ecological fracture points. (4) By referring to the ecological security patterns of Xishuangbanna area, the layout of the ecological spatial structure was optimized as "one belt, one corridor, and four groups." "One belt" was the ecological river corridor belt with the Lancang River as the main axis and the tributaries on both sides. "One corridor" refers to the central corridor structure connecting the national nature reserves of Mengyang, Naban River, and the Mangao Nature Reserve. Based on the existing nature reserves, the four groups were divided into the Bulong-Mangao nature reserves, Menglun three sub-reserves, Mengla-Yiwu-Mengyang-Menglun nature reserves, and Mengla-Shangyong nature reserves. This study provides a practical case for formulating ecological and environmental protection in Xishuangbanna.

The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of hydroxysaff yellow A (HSYA) on diabetic retinopathy (DR). For this, a total of 27 rats were randomly divided into normal control, model, and HSYA groups. The body weight, blood glucose, and blood–retinal barrier damage of the rats were observed and compared. The pathological change of retinal tissue were measured using H&E staining. The apoptosis of retinal tissue ganglion cells was detected by TUNEL. The interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis fator (TNF)-α levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected using thiobarbituric acid method. Superoxide dismutase levels were detected using xanthine oxidase method; Nrf2 and total HO-1 protein expressions were detected using western blot assay; Bcl-2 and P53 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemical staining. The body weight and retinal damage of the HYSA group were significantly improved (p < 0.01, respectively). The apoptosis index of the HYSA group was lower than the model group (p < 0.001). The IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA levels of the HYSA group were significantly improved in comparison with those of the model group (p < 0.01, respectively). The Nrf-2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and P53 protein expression of HYSA group was significantly improved (p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, HYSA can effectively alleviate the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in type 2 diabetic rats and improve the progression of DR.

In view of the problems of large dip angle of coal seam and soft broken coal seam of 32# coal seam in the construction of long borehole along the coal seam in the 313 working face of Qinan Coal Mine, using double power head rig and auxiliary drilling tools, the research on drill pipe and casing double pipe directional drilling technology is carried out; through the selection of key equipment, selection of drill pipe and drill pipe bit, selection of casing and casing bit, optimization of pneumatic directional drilling process parameters, and the proposed drilling pipe in the casing of large diameter screen hole protection methods and tests, all theses effectively improve the depth of drilling along the coal seam, realize the control of the long drilling path along the coal seam, and improve the adaptability of the formation.

By using the fluid dynamics software FLUENT, the 3D numerical simulations of the concentration distribution and motion law of the respirable dust in 22410 fully mechanized mining face of Shendong Halagou Coal Mine were carried out by the two-phase coupling method of discrete phase and continuous phase. The results show that the peak value of the respirable dust concentration generated by the coal cutter is gradually shifted from the lateral coal seam side to the hydraulic prop side, resulting in an increase in the dust concentration on the hydraulic prop side. Meanwhile, it is found that the smaller the particle size of the respirable dust on the coal cutter side, the easier it is to diffuse to the hydraulic prop side. After analyzing the relationship between the concentration distribution of respirable dust and the turbulence intensity, it is found that the turbulence intensity of the flow field in the roadway of the fully mechanized mining face is quasi-periodic, alternating strong and weak, and the turbulence intensity of the coal cutter side and the hydraulic prop side is just complementary. On the side of the coal cutter, the greater the concentration of respirable dust, the smaller the turbulence intensity and the relatively higher wind speed. On the hydraulic prop side, the greater the turbulence intensity, the greater the dust concentration, as opposed to the coal cutter side.

In view of the problems of poor reliability and low accuracy in the monitoring and measurement of gas drainage in surface wells, a set of separate measurement and monitoring system for gas drainage in surface wells has been formed through the research on extraction detection, field self-powered supply, distributed measurement point data acquisition, measurement and monitoring device. The system provides a complete set of technology and equipment for real-time on-line monitoring of surface wells, and improves the accuracy of surface well measurement. At the same time, the surface well gas extraction data is combined with the downhole monitoring system data in real time, which realizes the safety and effective monitoring of mine drainage.

Background: Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) is the gold standard for the measurement of spinal parameters. The aim of this study is to evaluate the practical value of using an iPhone to rapidly measure lumbosacral spine-pelvic sagittal parameters, and compared the measurement time and accuracy between iPhone and PACS. Methods: The study group consisted of 50 patients. They were examined with a lateral x-ray of the whole spine in a standard standing position, as well as by three-dimensional CT scan of the lumbosacral area from January to September 2016. An iPhone was employed to take and observe pictures in order to measure the extent of lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS). We compared the results with those obtained with PACS, and analyzed the reliability and measurement errors between the two acquisition methods. Results: The average measurement values obtained with PACS were as follows: (LL): 53.56 ± 15.76°, (PT): 12.60 ± 5.15°, (SS): 42.16 ± 13.29°. The average measurement values obtained by iPhone were as follows: LL: 52.20 ± 14.46°, PT: 12.48 ± 5.39°, SS: 12.48 ± 5.39°. There was no statistical significance difference found between the values obtained using the two methods, P > 0.05. The two methods of measurement of intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were 0.938(De-LL), 0.812(De-PT) and 0.946(De-SS). There was no statistically significant difference in the deviation between the two measurement methods. PACS measurement time: 18.53 ± 1.44 s; iPhone measurement time: 14.02 ± 1.08 s, iPhone demonstrating statistically significant faster measurement times than PACS, P

Objective To investigate characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic deep white matter lesions (DWMLs) and the correlation of cognitive impairment with changes in cortical functionality in different brain regions. Methods We analyzed the data of 38 hospitalized patients or outpatients with mild ischemic DWMLs in our department, including 18 with cognitive impairment and 20 with normal cognitive function. Eighteen patients without DWMLs matched for age, gender and education level served as the control group. The cognitive function of the participants was assessed with neuropsychological tests, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed to detect the cortical regions with functional abnormalities based on the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF). Results We found that the patients with DWMLs had significant impairment of executive, attention, memory and visuospatial functions (P < 0.05), and deterioration of executive function and attention function could occur in early stage of cognitive impairment. The fALFFs of the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, bilateral cuneiform lobe, left anterior cuneiform lobe, left anterior cingulate gyrus, bilateral middle temporal gyrus, and left medial occipitotemporal gyrus were markedly reduced, while those of the left hippocampus-amygdaloid nucleus, left superior parietal gyrus, and left cerebellum vermis were obviously increased in patients with both DWMLs and cognitive impairment as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In patients with DWMLs but normal cognitive function, the fALFFs of the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, left anterior cingulate gyrus, and bilateral middle temporal gyrus were also significantly decreased in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05), but no brain regions with increased fALFF were detected in these patients. Pearson correlation analysis suggested a significant correlation between these abnormalities in the brain regions and cognitive impairment in the patients with DWMLs. Conclusion DWMLs can induce impairment of the executive, attention, memory and visuospatial functions, and deteriorated executive and attention functions can be the initial symptoms of cognitive impairment caused by DWMLs. Resting-state fMRI can detect functional deterioration in multiple brain regions, which was significantly correlated with cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic DWMLs. Impaired cortical function may be one of the causes of cognitive impairment induced by ischemic DWMLs.

Based on researches of frost indexes of Lycium barbarum during 2016-2018, tests of frost index are performed using an artificial frost box in 2019, focusing on flower bud, early flowering and full flowering periods. The temperature of treatment is -8—-1℃, and time duration is 1-6 h, which forms 32 combinations of low temperature and time. Frozen symptoms of Lycium barbarum are divided into 3 degrees (P1, P2, P3) according to observation after freezing. The mild frost is defined as 0≤P1≤50%, 0≤P2 < 50% and 0≤P3 < 10% (P1, P2, P3 not to be zero at the same time). The medium frost is defined as 0≤P1 < 50%, P2≥50% and 0≤P3 < 10%, or 0≤P1 < 50%, 0≤P2 < 50% and 10%≤P3 < 50%. The severe frost is defined as 0≤P1 < 50%, 0≤P2 < 50% and P3≥50%. P2 and P3 are decisive for confirming frost levels. The frozen rate of each frozen degree is counted and the judgment standard of frost are formulated. In terms of these studies, frost indexes are established based on low temperature, time of duration, cold level, and rate of cold. Frost indexes are verified by using results of field experiments at 13 sites and investigations into natural frost disaster at 25 Lycium barbarum planting regions. Results indicate that frosts of Lycium barbarum are closely related to the low temperature and its duration. Lower temperature and longer duration lead to more seriously frost disasters. The frost resistance of flower bud period is the strongest, which is significantly stronger than that of early flowering period. The frost resistance of full flowering period is weaker than early flowering to some degree. The result of judgment with frost indexes and the situation of actual disaster have high compliance, coincidence rates are 92.9%, 81.8% and 91.7%, respectively. The indexes have strong practicability which can be used as basics for forecast and assessment of frost damage at different stages of Lycium barbarum flowering phase.

The purpose is to explore the factors affecting consumers’ purchase intention from the massive live broadcast of agricultural products e-commerce, and explore the evolution mechanism from consumers’ psychological contract to purchase intention in the live broadcast of agricultural products e-commerce, so as to provide decision-making basis for improving the delivery effect of agricultural products e-commerce. In the first study, through text analysis of live broadcast barrage, the influencing factors of consumers’ purchase intention are explored. In the second study, the structural equation model is constructed with the influencing factors as independent variables, the psychological contract as intermediary variables, the involvement degree as regulatory variables, and the purchase intention as dependent variables to explore the evolution mechanism of the consumer’s psychological contract to the purchase intention in the live broadcast of agricultural products e-commerce. The first study found that the factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention are the content of the anchor, the content of the product, the scene atmosphere of the live room and the third-party guarantee and service. The second study found that anchor attraction, logistics service and other factors positively affect the relationship type psychological contract, while anchor professionalism, organic certification and service positively affect the transaction type psychological contract; The relational psychological contract affects consumers’ purchase intention through influencing the transactional psychological contract. The psychological contract plays a part of the mediating role in the path that the live broadcast content of agricultural products affects the purchase intention.

Many digital rock methodologies use a direct simulation approach, where only resolved pores are accounted for. This approach limits the types of rocks that can be analyzed, excluding some types of carbonates, unconventionals, and complex sandstones from the digital rock analysis. This is due to the challenge for single scale imaging to capture the full range of relevant pore sizes present in multiscale rocks. In this paper, a physical model is presented, within the context of an established direct simulation approach, to predict the production of hydrocarbons including the contribution of sub-resolution pores. The direct simulation component of the model employs a multiphase lattice Boltzmann method to simulate multiphase fluid flow displacement in resolved pores. In the production model, the amount of hydrocarbons present in the sub-resolution pores is identified and a physical description of the production behavior is provided. This allows a relative permeability curve to be predicted for rocks where mobile hydrocarbons are present in pores smaller than the image resolution. This simplified model for the oil movement in the unresolved pore space is based on a physical interpretation of different regions marked by simulation resolution limits in a USBM wettability test curve. The proposed methodology is applied to high-resolution microCT images of a sandstone that contains pores at multiple scales, some resolved and some not resolved. To allow for benchmarking, experimental routine and special core analysis data was also obtained. Good agreement to experimental results is observed, specifically in absolute and relative permeability. The presented multiscale model has the potential to extend the classes of reservoir rocks eligible for digital rock analysis and paves the way for further advancements in the modelling of multiscale rocks, particularly unconventionals and carbonates.

To obtain a low-cost anode with low oxygen evolution potential and high catalytic activity for zinc electrowinning, Pb-0.2%Ag alloy was coated on an aluminum matrix surface by extrusion cladding technology, and a film layer with high catalytic performance was formed on the surface of the Pb-0.2%Ag alloy and Al-rod-Pb-0.2%Ag anode by anodization in a fluorine-containing sulfuric acid solution. The thickness and hardness of the film were studied using a microscopic image analyzer and digital microhardness tester, and the ultimate tensile strengths of the two anodes were compared using an electronic tensile tester. The phase, morphology, and electrochemical performance of the Al-rod-Pb-0.2%Ag and Pb-0.2%Ag anode surface film were investigated using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, anodic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the Al-rod-Pb-0.2%Ag anode surface forms a dense and thick oxide film layer more easily than the Pb-0.2%Ag anode and the hardness of the film layer is increased by 41.64%; moreover, the main phase is β-PbO2, and the oxide film layer exhibits good electrocatalytic activity. The ultimate tensile strength of the new anode was 1.3 times that of the traditional anode, which greatly improves the mechanical properties of the anode material. Analytical data of anodic polarization curves reveal that the Al-rod-Pb-0.2%Ag/PbO2 anode shows low oxygen evolution potential (1.35 V vs MSE, 500 A·m-2) and high exchange current density (7.079×10-5 A·m-2) in zinc electrowinning system. Analytical data of cyclic voltammetry and EIS curves indicate that the Al-rod-Pb-0.2%Ag/PbO2 anode has higher electrocatalytic activity, larger surface roughness, and smaller charge transfer resistance. In the zinc electrowinning experiment, the average cell voltage of the fence-like Al-rod-Pb-0.2%Ag/PbO2 anode was 75 mV less than that of the traditional Pb-0.2% Ag anode, and the production of anode slime was greatly reduced.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Complex coils as the framing coils on the embolization of intracranial lobulated aneurysms. Methods From April 2017 to April 2018, 34 patients with lobulated aneurysms admitted in our neurosurgery department were enrolled in this study. They all underwent implantation of Complex coils as the framing coils, and their clinical data were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The results of intraoperative cerebral angiography and follow-up outcomes were discussed. Results According to the Raymond standard of aneurysm occlusion, grade Ⅰ occurred in 27 of 34 patients (79.4%), and grade Ⅱ in 5 patients (14.7%), in intraoperative assessment. In the 31 patients who were followed-up through digital subtraction angiography at 6 months after operation, no recurrence was found. In the assessment of aneurysm occlusion, Raymond grade Ⅰ was achieved in 28 patients (90.3%), and Raymond grade Ⅱ in 3 patients (9.7%). No complications associated with Complex coils were observed during perioperative period. Conclusion Complex coils achieves a high success rate as forming frame in the embolization of lobulated aneurysms, with no obvious increase in complications.