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Over the past decade, orbital angular momentum has garnered considerable interest in the field of plasmonics owing to the emergence of surface-confined vortices, known as plasmonic vortices. Significant progress has been made in the generation and manipulation of plasmonic vortices, which broadly unveil the natures of plasmonic spin–orbit coupling and provide accessible means for light–matter interactions. However, traditional characterizations in the frequency domain miss some detailed information on the plasmonic vortex evolution process. Herein, an exotic spin–orbit coupling phenomenon is demonstrated. More specifically, we theoretically investigated and experimentally verified a temporally deuterogenic vortex mode, which can be observed only in the time domain and interferes destructively in the intensity field. The spatiotemporal evolution of this concomitant vortex can be tailored with different designs and incident beams. This work extends the fundamental understanding of plasmonic spin–orbit coupling and provides a unique optical force manipulation strategy, which may fuel plasmonic research and applications in the near future.

Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) open a new perspective in various terahertz research. Multichannel and divergence controllable terahertz vortex beam generation holds the key to promoting the development of OAM related terahertz research. Here, we introduced and experimentally demonstrated quasi-perfect vortex beam (Q-PVB) with a controllable divergence angle independent of the topological charge and multichannel Q-PVBs generation with all-dielectric multifunctional metasurfaces. By superimposing specific phase functions together into the metasurfaces, multiple vortex beams and four-channel Q-PVBs with different topological charges are generated as well as focused at separated positions. High resolution characterization of terahertz electric field shows the good quality and broadband properties of Q-PVBs. Interestingly, compared with conventional perfect vortex beam; Q-PVB displays a smaller divergence angle and thinner ring width. The metasurfaces proposed here provide a promising avenue to realize multichannel vortex beams generation in compact terahertz systems; benefiting OAM related researches such as mode division multiplexing, vortex beam related plasmonic enhancement and spinning objective detection.

[Introduction] The line loss of 10 kV distribution network is an important indicator to measure the economic benefits of power grid enterprises. At present, due to some areas, data collection cannot be synchronized, and the line topology relationship cannot be updated in real time. As a result, power grid companies have greater management line losses when calculating line losses. Using the distribution network synchronous phasor measurement terminal with the distribution network line loss real-time analysis platform for line loss management is an effective way to solve the problem of abnormal line loss. [Method] Firstly, it analyzed the abnormal main causes of the line loss of the medium voltage distribution network, and put forward the idea of improving the accuracy of the line loss. Then, the synchronous phasor measurement technology was introduced, and the synchronous phasor measurement architecture was proposed. Finally, the functional requirements of the line loss real-time synchronization analysis platform were proposed. [Result] Based on the power grid of a demonstration project in a certain area of Guangzhou as the research basis, according to the actual situation and needs of the power grid, the basis A design scheme for real-time synchronous analysis of line loss in 10 kV distribution network based on synchronous phasor measurement. [Conclusion] The solution in this paper provides effective direction and engineering experience for line loss management and governance of distribution network.

[Introduction] Voltage sag is one of the most serious power quality problems in distribution network. At present, due to the lack of a system to locate the source of voltage sag, the problem of responsibility division and attribution has always been the difficulty in dealing with voltage sag accidents. It is an effective way to solve the problem of voltage sag traceability by monitoring and analyzing the synchronous power quality measurement data of distribution network. [Method] Firstly, the architecture and fusion scheme of the integration of synchronous phasor and power quality measurement were analyzed, and a method of voltage sag source tracing and location based on real-time synchronous measurement data was proposed. Then, the case design scheme of distribution network demonstration project was proposed. Finally, the application of synchronous phasor and power quality measurement integration in intelligent distribution network was summarized in this paper. [Results] The results of demonstration construction verify the feasibility of the proposed design scheme. [Conclusion] The demonstration project has accumulated engineering experience for subsequent large-scale promotion and replication.

Sirtuins (SIRTs 1-7) are a group of histone deacetylase enzymes with a wide range of enzyme activities that target a range of cellular proteins in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria for posttranslational modifications by acetylation (SIRT1, 2, 3, and 5) or ADP ribosylation (SIRT4, 6, and 7). A variety of cellular functions, including mitochondrial functions and functions in energy homeostasis, metabolism, cancer, longevity and ageing, are regulated by sirtuins. Compromised sirtuin functions and/or alterations in the expression levels of sirtuins may lead to several pathological conditions and contribute significantly to alterations in metabolic phenotypes as well as oral carcinogenesis. Here, we describe the basic characteristics of seven mammalian sirtuins. This review also emphasizes the key molecular mechanisms of sirtuins in metabolic regulation and discusses the possible relationships of sirtuins with oral cancers. This review will provide novel insight into new therapeutic approaches targeting sirtuins that may potentially lead to effective strategies for combating oral malignancies.

The plasticizer di- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is considered a risk factor for allergic diseases and has attracted public attention for its adverse effects on health. However, respiratory adverse effects after DEHP exposure in food allergies have rarely been reported. MiRNAs are considered to be key regulators in the complex interrelationships between the host and microbiome and may be a potential factor involved in DEHP-induced pulmonary toxicity. To investigate the adverse effects of DEHP on the lung during sensitization, we established an ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mouse model exposed to DEHP and performed 16S rDNA gene sequencing, miRNA sequencing, and correlation analysis. Our results showed that DEHP aggravated the immune disorder in OVA-sensitized mice, which was mainly characterized by an increase in the proportion of Th2 lymphocytes, and further enhanced OVA-induced airway inflammation without promoting pulmonary fibrosis. Compared with the OVA group, DEHP interfered with the lung microbial community, making Proteobacteria the dominant phylum, while Bacteroidetes were significantly reduced. Differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway, which was closely related to immune function and airway inflammation. The expression of miR-146b-5p was elevated in the DEHP group, which was positively correlated with the proportion of Th2 cells and significantly negatively correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidetes. The results indicate that DEHP may interfere with the expression of miR-146b-5p, affect the composition of the lung microbiota, induce an imbalance in T cells, and lead to immune disorders and airway inflammation. The current study uses multi-omics to reveal the potential link between the plasticizer DEHP and allergic diseases and provides new insights into the ecotoxicology of environmental exposures to DEHP.

Hyperbolic metasurfaces with unique dispersion properties can manipulate light–matter interactions according to the demands. However, due to their inherent physical properties, topological transitions (flat bands) exist only in the orthogonal directions, which greatly limit their application. Here, we unveil rich dispersion engineering and topological transitions in hyperbolic metasurfaces. Based on the effective medium theory, the rotation matrix is introduced into the dispersion relation to explain the distorted energy band diagrams, iso-frequency contours and higher-order multi-dipoles of the novel twisted metasurfaces, thereby forming multi-directional topological transitions and surface plasmon polariton propagation. Furthermore, we develop an integrated model to realize new dual-channel negative refraction and nondiffraction negative refraction. The phenomena observed in the experiments match well with the simulations, which proves that the designed metasurfaces make new types of negative refraction possible and will help to overcome the diffraction limit. The hyperbolic metasurfaces presented here exhibit exceptional capabilities for designing microscopes with a super lens at the molecular level, concealment of military aircraft, invisibility cloaks and other photonic devices with higher transmission efficiency.

Over the past 30 years, super rice played an important role in boosting rice yield. The phenotype of erect panicle (EP) architecture controlled by dense and erect panicle 1 (dep1) is the typical characteristic of super rice, and the phenotype has been used in rice breeding for nearly a century. In this review, the molecular genetic basis of EP phenotype, and mechanism of how dep1 affects rice carbon, nitrogen metabolism and grain quality (grain shape and taste quality) were discussed. In addition, we discussed the possible improvement strategies of rice yield and quality. This review provides a quick overview of the whole process for rice quality formation, as well as suggestions and ideas for future research on rice quality improvement.

[Introduction] With the access of large-scale distributed generation and flexible load in distribution network, the accuracy and speed of traditional terminal measurement are difficult to meet the actual needs, while the new generation of distribution micro synchronous phasor measurement unit （D-PMU） is an important way to solve the above problems. [Method] Firstly, the working principle and application of D-PMU were analyzed; secondly, the synchronized phasor measurement system of distribution network and its installation and deployment scheme were proposed; then, according to the requirements of the demonstration area, the architecture and deployment scheme of wide area measurement and control system of distribution network were proposed; finally, the application of D-PMU in intelligent distribution network was summarized. [Results] The effectiveness of the demonstration construction verifies the feasibility and economy of the key technology and design scheme developed by the project. [Conclusion] It provides rich engineering experience for the further integration and promotion of D-PMU with other traditional fields of distribution network.

Abstract Background Biologic bone reconstruction in limb salvage surgery for the treatment of malignant bone tumours has always been controversial. The various inactivation methods, their convenience and stability, the curative effects elicited and associated costs all need to be considered. This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of intraoperative extracorporeal irradiated reimplantation with alcohol-inactivated autograft reimplantation for limb salvage surgery in patients with osteosarcoma. Methods We retrospectively analysed 28 patients with osteosarcoma, 14 patients treated with intraoperative cobalt 60 irradiation and reimplantation (group A), and 14 patients treated by alcohol-inactivated autograft reimplantation (group B). The postoperative complications and clinical efficacy of each treatment method were compared by statistical analysis. Results The local recurrence rate was 14.3% in each group. Complete bony union was achieved in 64.3% of patients in group A and 71.4% of patients in group B. The overall 5-year survival rate was 71.4% in group A and 78.6% in group B. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score was 25.33 ± 4.72 (range 15–30) in group A and 24.00 ± 5.85 (range 15–30) in group B, and the mean International Society of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) score was 25.79 ± 5.13 (range 20–36) in group A and 26.14 ± 5.33 (range 20–30) in group B. P

Cylindrical vector beams (CVBs), being a special kind of beams with spatially variant states of polarizations, are promising in photonics applications, including high-resolution imaging, plasmon excitation, optical trapping, and laser machining. Recently, generating CVBs using metasurfaces has drawn enormous interest owing to their highly designable, multifunctional, and integratable features. However, related studies remain unexplored in the terahertz regime. Here, a generic method for efficiently generating terahertz CVBs carrying orbital angular momentums (OAMs) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated using transmission-type spatial-variant dielectric metasurfaces, which is realized by designing the interference between the two circularly polarized transmission components. This method is based on spin-decoupled phase control allowed by simultaneously manipulating the dynamic phase and geometric phase of each structure, endowing more degree of freedom in designing the vector beams. Two types of metasurfaces which respectively generate polarization-dependent terahertz vector vortex beams (VVBs) and vector Bessel beams (VBBs) are experimentally characterized. The proposed method opens a new window to generate versatile vector beams, providing new capabilities in developing novel, compact, and high-performance devices applicable to broad electromagnetic spectral regimes.