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Na Cui,1 Xue Li,1 Xin Wen,1 JingJing Xu,2 Li Chen1 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding City, Hebei Province, 071000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ultrasound, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding City, Hebei Province, 071000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li Chen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, No. 320 Changcheng North Street, Baoding City, Hebei Province, 071000, People’s Republic of China, Email chenliphd1407@outlook.comObjective: Analyze women treated with underwent cold knife conization (CKC) to remove advanced squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN) of the cervix. The histopathological upgrading of the lesions previously detected on vaginal biopsy and postoperative pregnancy outcomes of were investigated, to identify high-risk subgroups in women.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the First Central Hospital of Baoding City from June 2019 to December 2022 to analyze confirmed cases of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia CIN-II and CIN-III. Investigation of pathological changes in postoperative pathological tissues, and to perform binary logistic analysis to identify risk factors for histopathological escalation in postoperative lesions. We analyze the effects of CKC surgery on pregnancy outcomes in patients by comparing against a control group of healthy pregnant women.Results: Out of the 176 patients diagnosed with CIN-II who underwent cervical biopsy, 39 (22.16%) were found to have a final specimen diagnosis of CIN-III, while 7 (3.98%) were downgraded to CIN-I. Among the 108 patients diagnosed with CIN-III who underwent cervical biopsy, 7 cases (6.48%) were ultimately confirmed to have CIN-III. Ki67-positive, p16-positive (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.01– 1.15), and colposcopy biopsy for CIN-II (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.33– 3.6) were independent risk factors for pathological upgrade after CKC. Compared with healthy pregnant women, CIN patients had higher rates of premature birth (14.4%), premature rupture of the fetal membrane (13.6%), and cesarean section (37.5%) (P < 0.05). The mode of conception, abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, and postpartum hemorrhage were not different between healthy pregnant women and CIN patients (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Following cervical multi-point biopsy or CKC, along with pathological examination, the accurate diagnosis of cervical lesions is crucial as it allows for more precise identification of such lesions. Additionally, CKC increases the risk of premature birth, premature rupture of membranes, and the need for cesarean section.Keywords: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cold knife conization, pregnant women, colposcopy biopsy

Wei-Chang Xu,1,* Xiao Dong,1,* Jing-Li Ding,2 Ji-Chun Liu,1 Jian-Jun Xu,1 Yan-Hua Tang,1 Ying-Ping Yi,3 Chao Lu,1 Wei Yang,1 Jue-Sheng Yang,1 Yi Gong,1 Jian-Liang Zhou1 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; 3Department of Science and Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Macrophages play important roles in the immune response to, and successful implantation of, biomaterials. Titanium nanotubes are considered promising heart valve stent materials owing to their effects on modulation of macrophage behavior. However, the effects of nanotube-regulated macrophages on endothelial cells, which are essential for stent endothelialization, are unknown. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the inflammatory responses of endothelial cells to titanium nanotubes prepared at different voltages. Methods and results: In this study we used three different voltages (20, 40, and 60 V) to produce titania nanotubes with three different diameters by anodic oxidation. The state of macrophages on the samples was assessed, and the supernatants were collected as conditioned media (CM) to stimulate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), with pure titanium as a control group. The results indicated that titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes induced macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 state and increased the expression of arginase-1, mannose receptor, and interleukin 10. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that M2 macrophage polarization controlled by the TiO2 nanotube surface activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathways through release of vascular endothelial growth factor to influence endothelialization. Conclusion: Our findings expanded our understanding of the complex influence of nanotubes in implants and the macrophage inflammatory response. Furthermore, CM generated from culture on the TiO2 nanotube surface may represent an integrated research model for studying the interactions of two different cell types and may be a promising approach for accelerating stent endothelialization through immunoregulation. Keywords: TiO2 nanotubes, axitinib, stent implant, endothelial cells, conditioned medium

Yu-Chen Chen,1,2 Huiyou Chen,2 Fan Bo,2 Jin-Jing Xu,3 Yi Deng,3 Han Lv,4 Yuexin Cai,5 Wenqing Xia,6 Xindao Yin,2 Jian-Ping Gu,2 Guangming Lu1 1Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; 2Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; 3Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; 4Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 5Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 6Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Purpose: The default mode network (DMN) has been confirmed to be involved in chronic tinnitus perception. Tinnitus distress may be associated with abnormal functional connectivity (FC) within the DMN regions. The goal of this study was to determine whether tinnitus disrupted the FC patterns within the DMN as measured by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging approach. Patients and methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 40 chronic bilateral tinnitus patients and 41 healthy controls. Both were age, sex, and education well-matched with normal hearing. Two important DMN regions, the anterior cingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex, were chosen as seed regions to detect the FC patterns within the DMN and then determine whether these changes were linked to clinical measures of tinnitus such as tinnitus duration and tinnitus severity. Results: Compared with healthy controls, chronic tinnitus patients manifested significantly enhanced FC between the anterior cingulate cortex and left precuneus, which was correlated with the tinnitus duration (r=0.451, p=0.007). Moreover, enhanced FC between the posterior cingulate cortex and right medial prefrontal cortex in tinnitus patients was positively correlated with the tinnitus distress (r=0.411, p=0.014). Conclusion: Chronic tinnitus patients showed disrupted FC patterns within the DMN regions which are correlated with tinnitus distress. Increased resting-state connectivity pattern of the DMN may play a pivotal role in neuropathological features underlying chronic tinnitus. Keywords: tinnitus, anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, default mode network, resting-state fMRI

Dan Luo,* Jiajun Xu,* Li Hu, Liangming Yu, Leling Xie, Jing Li Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: N2O, or laughing gas, is generally used for anesthesia, especially in stomatology and pediatrics but is also commonly used recreationally. Cognitive dysfunction induced by the recreational use of N2O is rare. Here, we present the case of an 18-year-old female with a history of having used N2O recreationally for 5 months who suffered from encephalatrophy and severe cognitive dysfunction. All of the symptoms gradually subsided with ~20 days of treatment by hyperbaric oxygenation. We hypothesize that the long-term use of N2O may have induced a chronic state of systemic hypoxia that further induced cerebral atrophy with impaired cognitive function. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is reported here for the first time as an important therapeutic element for treating N2O toxicity due to recreational use. Keywords: N2O, recreational use, cognitive dysfunction, encephalatrophy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Background: The anatomic features of left atrial diverticula (LAD) are still unclear in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and morphological characteristics of LAD in patients referred for radiofrequency transcatheter ablation of AF with dual-source computed tomography. Methods and Results: Dual-source computed tomography images were obtained in 214 patients referred for AF catheter ablation and 214 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Images were analyzed to determine the prevalence and morphological characteristics of LAD and their relationship with adjacent pulmonary veins and left atrial appendage. In AF patients 77 (36.0%) (95% confidence interval, 29.6-42.4%) had 90 LAD, whereas in control subjects 70 (32.7%) (95% confidence interval, 26.4-39.0%) had 81 LAD (P=0.551). In patients with AF, LAD locations were right anterosuperior (47.8%), left anterosuperior (8.9%), left lateral (32.2%), interatrial septum (4.4%), right inferior (5.6%), and posterosuperior (1.1%) walls, respectively. The mean size of LAD was 5.3±2.9×5.6±3.3 mm. The wall of the LAD was much thinner than that of adjacent left atrium (0.89±0.46 versus 2.39±0.83 mm). Most LAD were located close to a pulmonary vein or atrial appendage ostium, with a mean distance of 8.7-13.1 mm. Conclusions: LAD are common, with a prevalence of 36.0% in patients with AF, which is not statistically greater than that in patients without AF. Thin-walled LAD are more commonly located on the superior anterior wall of left atrium and close to common ablation sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect of Tongxie Yaofang (TXYF) Granule in treating diarrhea-predominate irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) and its possible mechanism. METHODS: A total of 120 patients were assigned to two groups using stratified block randomization, 80 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group. To the intervention group the TXYF granule was given at one package each time, twice a day; the control group was treated with Miyarisan three times a day, two tablets each time. The course of treatment was 4 weeks for both groups. The total efficacy in them was compared, and data of scoring on stool (Bristol method), abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and mental condition were collected before treatment and 2 and 4 weeks after treatment. The activation of mast cells (MCs) of six patients chosen from each group was detected as well before and after treatment. RESULTS: No significant difference between the two groups in terms of the total efficacy or the scores of symptoms before and after treatment was found (P>0.05). The number of activated MCs was decreased in the intervention group after treatment, showing significant difference as compared with that before treatment as well as with that in the control group after treatment (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: TXYF is an effective preparation for the treatment of D-IBS. It can quickly lessen abdominal pain and distention, improve the property of stool, and improve mental tension and depression in patients. Its mechanism of action might be through the adjustment of MCs activation to decrease visceral hypersensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biopharmaceutical enterprise continues to analyze, refine, and identify key strategic factors predicting success of innovative therapeutic advances to address important unmet medical needs. A key comparison has focused on the relative benefits of the novel mechanism of a first-in-class drug vs. the superior properties that differentiate improved follow-on drugs (best-in-class). A corollary question to first-in-class vs. best-in-class is the impact of patent timing. Surprisingly, first-to-patent does not predict first- or best-in-class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemical self-recharging zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), which are capable of auto-recharging in ambient air, are promising in self-powered battery systems. Nevertheless, the exclusive reliance on chemical energy from oxygen for ZIBs charging often would bring some obstacles in charging efficiency. Herein, we develop photo-assisted chemical self-recharging aqueous ZIBs with a heterojunction of MoS 2 /SnO 2 cathode, which are favorable to enhancing both the charging and discharging efficiency as well as the chemical self-charging capabilities under illumination. The photo-assisted process promotes the electron transfer from MoS 2 /SnO 2 to oxygen, accelerating the occurrence of the oxidation reaction during chemical self-charging. Furthermore, the electrons within the MoS 2 /SnO 2 cathode exhibit a low transfer impedance under illumination, which is beneficial to reducing the migration barrier of Zn 2+ within the cathode and thereby facilitating the uniform inserting of Zn 2+ into MoS 2 /SnO 2 cathode during discharging. This photo-assisted chemical self-recharging mechanism enables ZIBs to attain a maximum self-charging potential of 0.95 V within 3 hours, a considerable self-charging capacity of 202.5 mAh g -1 and excellent cycling performance in a self-charging mode. This work not only provides a route for optimizing chemical self-charging energy storage, but also broadens the potential application of aqueous ZIBs., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Developing organic aggregation-induced delayed electrochemiluminescence (AIDECL) active emitters is attractive due to their full utilization of excited species. However, current molecular designs primarily focus on the electron-deficient core benzophenone, resulting in relatively low ECL efficiency due to its flexible skeleton. Herein, we design a rigid electron acceptor, i.e., xanthenone, by inserting an oxygen bridge into the benzophenone moiety, and an AIDECL-active organic dot (OD) composed of a xanthenone-dimethylacridine compound is constructed. High ECL efficiency is achieved for the resultant ODs, with a 3-fold enhancement compared to control ODs. Oxygen bridge-induced planar moiety rigidifies the molecular configuration, further inhibiting intramolecular motions and thus suppressing nonradiative decay, supported by the single-crystal data together with theoretical calculations. Significantly, an ECL biosensor is constructed employing these ODs as emitters for the sensitive analysis of miR-21 associated with pancreatic cancer, which demonstrates a low detection limit of 2.8 fM. Our investigation provides a promising way to design efficient ECL emitters and deepens the understanding of structure-property relationships.

Photo-assisted Zn-air batteries can accelerate the kinetics of oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions (ORR/OER); however, challenges such as rapid charge carrier recombination and continuous electrolyte evaporation remain. Herein, for the first time, piezoelectric catalysis is introduced in a photo-assisted Zn-air battery to improve carrier separation capability and accelerate the ORR/OER kinetics of the photoelectric cathode. The designed microhelical catalyst exploits simple harmonic vibrations to regenerate the built-in electric field continuously. Specifically, in the presence of the low-frequency kinetic energy that occurs during water flow, the piezoelectric-photocoupling catalyst of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)@ferric oxide(Fe@P(V-T)) is periodically deformed, generating a constant reconfiguration of the built-in electric field that separates photogenerated electrons and holes continuously. Further, on exposure to microvibrations, the gap between the charge and discharge potentials of the Fe@P(V-T)-based photo-assisted Zn-air battery is reduced by 1.7 times compared to that without piezoelectric assistance, indicating that piezoelectric catalysis is highly effective for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. This study provides a thorough understanding of coupling piezoelectric polarization and photo-assisted strategy in the field of energy storage and opens a fresh perspective for the investigation of multi-field coupling-assisted Zn-air batteries., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Urolithin A (UroA), a dietary phytochemical, is produced by gut bacteria from fruits rich in natural polyphenols ellagitannins (ETs). The efficiency of ETs metabolism to UroA in humans depends on gut microbiota. UroA has shown a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study we investigated the effects of UroA on atherosclerotic lesion development and stability. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE -/- ) mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 3 months to establish atherosclerosis model. Meanwhile the mice were administered UroA (50 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 , i.g.). We showed that UroA administration significantly decreased diet-induced atherosclerotic lesions in brachiocephalic arteries, macrophage content in plaques, expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, intraplaque hemorrhage and size of necrotic core, while increased the expression of smooth muscle actin and the thickness of fibrous cap, implying features of plaque stabilization. The underlying mechanisms were elucidated using TNF-α-stimulated human endothelial cells. Pretreatment with UroA (10, 25, 50 μM) dose-dependently inhibited TNF-α-induced endothelial cell activation and monocyte adhesion. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of UroA in TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were independent of NF-κB p65 pathway. We conducted RNA-sequencing profiling analysis to identify the differential expression of genes (DEGs) associated with vascular function, inflammatory responses, cell adhesion and thrombosis in UroA-pretreated HUVECs. Human disease enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly correlated with cardiovascular diseases. We demonstrated that UroA pretreatment mitigated endothelial inflammation by promoting NO production and decreasing YAP/TAZ protein expression and TEAD transcriptional activity in TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs. On the other hand, we found that UroA administration modulated the transcription and cleavage of lipogenic transcription factors SREBP1/2 in the liver to ameliorate cholesterol metabolism in ApoE -/- mice. This study provides an experimental basis for new dietary therapeutic option to prevent atherosclerosis., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Pharmacological Society.)

Purpose: Hobnail features may enhance the clinical aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, whether a low proportion (<30%) of these features contributes to increased PTC aggressiveness remains unclear. This study investigated whether PTC cases with a low proportion hobnail features (<30%) exhibit clinical invasiveness and pathological features of aggressiveness., Methods: Pathological specimens from patients with postoperatively diagnosed PTC were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 29 PTC cases with a low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) were compared with 173 consecutive classical PTC (cPTC) cases. Data regarding age at presentation, sex, tumor size, number of tumors, and histological characteristics were obtained by reviewing electronic medical records. Postoperative information was obtained during follow-up visits and telephone interviews., Results: Twenty-nine patients with PTC with a low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) were identified, exhibiting a median age of 34 years. At a median follow-up of 31 (IQR, 23-37) months, two patients had recurrent disease in the PTC with a low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) group, whereas there was no recurrence in the cPTC group. No distant metastasis and postoperative mortality were observed in either group. Compared with the cPTC group, patients with PTC and a low proportion of hobnail features exhibited larger tumor volumes and higher susceptibility to capsular invasion and lymph node metastasis. Tumor size and hobnail features emerged as independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis., Conclusion: PTC with a low proportion hobnail features (<30%) and larger tumor volumes are associated with the occurrence of lymph node metastasis. A low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) in PTC may heighten invasiveness, elevating the risk of recurrence., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Research Question: Does frozen embryo transfer (FET) increase the risk of allergic diseases in offspring?, Design: This study followed up 653 singleton children: 166 born through FET and 487 born through natural conception. Demographic characteristics, perinatal information and allergic diseases of children and their parents were collected through clinical medical systems and questionnaires. Among these 653 children, allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) testing was performed using peripheral blood samples collected from 207 children: 145 in the FET group and 62 in the natural conception group. The prevalence of allergic diseases and positive rates of allergen-specific IgE testing were compared between the two groups with adjustments for confounding factors., Results: The prevalence of food allergy was significantly higher in children born through FET compared with children born through natural conception (adjusted OR = 3.154, 95% CI 1.895-5.250; P < 0.001). In addition, positive rates of food allergen sensitization were higher in children in the FET group compared with children in the natural conception group (adjusted OR = 5.769, 95% CI 2.859-11.751, P < 0.001). Children in the FET group had a higher positive sensitization rate to at least one allergen compared with children in the natural conception group (adjusted OR = 3.127, 95% CI 1.640-5.961, P < 0.001). No association was observed between FET and other allergic diseases, including asthma (P = 0.136), atopic dermatitis (P = 0.130) and allergic rhinitis (P = 0.922). Allergen sensitization IgE testing indicated no differences between the two groups in terms of positive sensitization rates of other common allergens, including animal and insect allergens (P = 0.627), inhaled outdoor allergens (P = 0.915) and inhaled outdoor allergens (P = 0.544)., Conclusion: This study suggests that children born through FET have increased risk of developing food allergy in early childhood., (Copyright © 2024 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Constructing versatile metal nanoclusters (NCs) assemblies through noncovalent weak interactions between inter-ligands is a long-standing challenge in interfacial chemistry, while compelling interfacial hydrogen-bond-driven metal NCs assemblies remain unexplored so far. Here, the study reports an amination-ligand o-phenylenediamine-coordinated copper NCs (CuNCs), demonstrating the impact of interfacial hydrogen-bonds (IHBs) motifs on the luminescent behaviors of metal NCs as the alteration of protic solvent. Experimental results supported by theoretical calculation unveil that the flexibility of interfacial ligand and the distance of cuprophilic Cu I ···Cu I interaction between intra-/inter-NCs can be tailored by manipulating the cooperation between the diverse IHBs motifs reconstruction, therewith the IHBs-modulated fundamental structure-property relationships are established. Importantly, by utilizing the IHBs-mediated optical polychromatism of aminated CuNCs, portable visualization of humidity sensing test-strips with fast response is successfully manufactured. This work not only provides further insights into exploring the interfacial chemistry of NCs based on inter-ligands hydrogen-bond interactions, but also offers a new opportunity to expand the practical application for optical sensing of metal NCs., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Piezocatalysis is considered to be a favorable catalytic technology by utilizing external mechanical stimulation to promote the specific redox reactions. The application of piezocatalysis in batteries is promising but faces formidable challenges. Herein, the operation principles of piezocatalysis were successfully demonstrated by constructing a solid-state Li-Se (S) battery model with interfacial stress accumulation. Lead zirconate titanate with an ultra-high piezoelectric coefficient was applied as the piezoelectric catalyst. The uniformity of the dipole orientation in materials was essential for achieving piezocatalysis in batteries. The accumulated high-stress converts to piezopotential for catalyzing most reaction processes in batteries, while the rapid stress change prevents the internal charge reorganization, ensuring continuous efficient catalysis. The internal stress change alters the internal polarisation strength, driving excess screening charge to participate in the electrochemical reaction. Under piezocatalysis, solid-state Li-Se batteries exhibited a initial discharge capacity of 670.9 mAh g-1 (99.4% of the theoretical value) at 0.1C, and Li-S batteries showed a capacity of 1463 mAh g-1 at 0.2C, which was still maintained up to 1084 mAh g-1 at an elevated rate of 0.5C. This piezocatalysis strategy provides a strong theoretical basis and design specification for enhancing Li-Se (S) cell reaction kinetics., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) is an emerging technology studying photo-electric-biological recognition events. Here, this work reports the three-dimensional (3D) Z-scheme poly (1,4-diethynylbenzene) (pDEB)@Cu 2 O heterojunction as a high-efficacy photogating module and its application for OPECT bioassay. Specifically, 3D Z-scheme pDEB@Cu 2 O heterojunction enabled fast charge transport and ion diffusion in the system, achieving remarkable amplification capability with a current gain as high as ca. 9.6 × 10 3 . By linking with GOx-labeled sandwich immunorecognition, the impact of GOx-generated H 2 O 2 on the OPECT made possible the sensitive bioassay. Exemplified by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as the model target, the OPECT device achieved a linear detection range spanning from 100 fg/mL to 100 ng/mL and coupled with a detection limit as low as 72 fg/mL. This work provided a generic and extensible platform for the designation of novel bioassay systems., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has received growing interest, particularly in younger populations, due to potential long-term survivability and improved bone preservation. Poor bone stock, as seen in osteoporosis, is considered a contraindication for this technique. This study evaluated whether osteoporotic patients < 75 years undergoing cementless TKA demonstrate similar 1) implant-related complications, 2) medical complications, 3) readmission rates, and 4) 3-year implant survivability., Methods: A retrospective query of a national administrative claims database was performed between 2010 and 2022 for patients less than or equal to 75 years old who have osteoporosis and underwent primary TKA. Osteoporotic patients were divided into cementless and cemented cohorts, and propensity scores were matched based on age, sex, obesity, and the Charleston Comorbidity Index (CCI). Matching produced 7,923 patients (1,321 uncemented, 6,602 cemented). Multivariate logistic regressions evaluated the following outcomes: 90-day and 2-year implant-related complications, 90-day postoperative medical complications, and 90-day readmissions. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to assess 3-year all-cause revision implant survivability. The significance threshold was set to P < 0.01 to minimize type 1 bias., Results: There were no statistically significant differences in implant-related complications, medical complications, readmissions, and lengths of stay between cementless and cemented TKA groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated statistically similar 3-year survivability between cohorts (cemented: 97.6%, CI [confidence interval] 96.6 to 98.5; cementless: 97.2%, CI 96.7 to 97.7; P = 0.472)., Conclusion: Patients who have osteoporosis have equivalent medical and implant-related complications as well as 3-year implant survival following cementless TKA compared with a cemented technique. Our results support cementless TKA as a viable option for patients < 75 years, regardless of prior diagnosis of osteoporosis. Intraoperative decisions regarding bone quality are still necessary to discriminate between those who are candidates for cementless TKA with those who are not., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: This study aims to elucidate the impact of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on major depressive disorder (MDD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) globally, regionally, and nationally, informing targeted public health interventions and policy., Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019, we assessed the impact of CSA on MDD and AUD, analyzing disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per 100,000 population. Our analysis included age, sex, geographic locations, temporal trends in age-standardized rates (ASR), and examined the relationship between the social development index (SDI) and the burden of these disorders., Results: From 1990 to 2019, the global ASR for MDD attributable to CSA increased by 1.9 %, while AUD decreased by 17.1 %. Significant gender disparities emerged, with females showing higher ASRs for MDD and males for AUD. The highest burden was observed in the 35-44 age group. Geographical analysis revealed the highest ASRs for MDD in Sub-Saharan Africa and for AUD in Eastern Europe, Central Europe, and High-income North America. A U-shaped relationship between SDI and disorder burdens was also identified., Conclusions: Our findings indicate a slight increase in MDD and a significant decrease in AUD burdens globally due to CSA, underscoring the need for targeted interventions considering gender, geographical, and developmental differences. This calls for strategies tailored to each country's unique development, culture, and regional specifics., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper. They have not received any financial support or other benefits from any individuals or organizations that could potentially bias their work or influence their decision-making., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Reproducing human nervous systems with endogenous mechanisms has attracted increasing attention, driven by its great potential in streamlining the neuro-electronic interfaces with bilateral signaling. Here, an artificial aquatic autonomic nervous system (ANS) with switchable excitatory/inhibitory characteristics and acetylcholine (ACh)-mediated plasticity is reported based on the newly emerged organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT). Under the modulation of spatial light and ACh, the system exhibits an immediate switch between excitation and inhibition, and many pulse patterns as well as advanced ANS functions are mimicked. To demonstrate its potential usage, the artificial ANS is then utilized to control artificial pupils and muscles to emulate real biological responses during an emergency. In contrast to previous solid-state attempts, this ANS is aqueous compatible just like biological nervous systems, which are capable of real neurotransmitter mediation., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The lack of stable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with high-ionic conductivity and the rational design of electrode/electrolyte interfaces remains challenging for solid-state lithium batteries. Here, for the first time, a high-performance solid-state lithium-oxygen (Li-O 2 ) battery is developed based on the Li-ion-conducted hydrogen-bonded organic framework (LHOF) electrolyte and the HOF-DAT@CNT composite cathode. Benefiting from the abundant dynamic hydrogen bonding network in the backbone of LHOF-DAT SSEs, fast Li + ion transport (2.2×10 -4  S cm -1 ), a high Li + transference number (0.88), and a wide electrochemical window of 5.05 V are achieved. Symmetric batteries constructed with LHOF-DAT SSEs exhibit a stably cycled duration of over 1400 h with uniform deposition, which mainly stems from the jumping sites that promote a uniformly high rate of Li + flux and the hydrogen-bonding network structure that can relieve the structural changes during Li + transport. LHOF-DAT SSEs-based Li-O 2 batteries exhibit high specific capacity (10335 mAh g -1 ), and stable cycling life up to 150 cycles. Moreover, the solid-state lithium metal battery with LHOF-DAT SSEs endow good rate capability (129.6 mAh g -1 at 0.5 C), long-term discharge/charge stability (210 cycles). The design of LHOF-DAT SSEs opens an avenue for the development of novel SSEs-based solid-state lithium batteries., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Decreased regenerative capacity of central nervous system neurons is the main cause for failure of damaged neuron regeneration and functional recovery. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abundant in mammalian transcriptomes, and many time- and tissue-specific lncRNAs are thought to be closely related to specific biological functions. The promoting effect of Pim-1 gene on neural differentiation and regeneration has been documented, but the effect and mechanism of its neighbor gene Lnc-Pim1 in regulating the response of central neurons to injury remain unclear. RT-PCR in this study demonstrated that the expression of Lnc-Pim1 was upregulated in acrylamide (ACR)-induced neuronal injury. FISH and nucleus-cytoplasmic assay demonstrated that Lnc-Pim1 was mainly expressed in the neuron cytoplasm, with a small amount in the nucleus. Western blot analysis proved that Lnc-Pim1 overexpression induced by the lentivirus vector could promote neurite outgrowth in Neuro-2a cells by activating the Erk1/2 signal pathway, and improve neurite regeneration of injured neurons by upregulating GAP-43 and β-Ⅲ tubulin protein expression. However, silencing Lnc-Pim1 expression by interfering RNA could effectively downregulate the GAP-43 and β-Ⅲ tubulin protein expression, and inhibit neurite growth of neurons. In addition, CHIRP-MS was performed to identify several potential targets of Lnc-Pim1 involved in the regulation of neurite regeneration of injured neurons. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that Lnc-Pim1 is a potential lnc-RNA, playing an important role in regulating central nerve regeneration., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Background: Previous studies have indicated that social connectedness can serve as a protective buffer against negative outcomes associated with online victimization. However, the role of social connectedness between Internet gaming disorder and somatic symptoms is still unclear. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of social connectedness on the association between Internet gaming disorder and somatic symptoms., Methods: A cross-sectional design was utilized, using questionnaires for data collection and multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. The general demographic questionnaire, Nine-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form, Social Connectedness Scale-Revised and Patient Health Questionnaire Physical Symptoms were used to collect data. We adopted Pearson's correlation analysis and the PROCESS Macro Model in regression analysis to explore the relationships among Internet gaming disorder, social connectedness and somatic symptoms., Results: Internet gaming disorder was positively correlated with somatic symptoms (r = 0.20, P < 0.001), while network (r=-0.08, P < 0.001) and real-life social connectedness (r=-0.31, P < 0.001) negatively affected somatic symptoms. The network social connectedness and the real-life social connectedness played a chain mediating role in the development of Internet gaming disorder to somatic symptoms [95%CI: 0.073, 0.088], explaining 45.25% of the total effect value. The difference of real-life social connectedness and network social connectedness played a partial mediating role between Internet gaming disorder and somatic symptoms [95% CI:0.050, 0.062], accounting for 31.28% of the total effect value., Conclusions: Real-life social connectedness, network social connectedness, and their disparity all mediated the relationship between Internet gaming disorder and somatic symptoms. Real-life social connectedness acted as a protective factor, while network social connectedness served as a risk factor. Encouraging offline activities and guiding teenagers to use the internet responsibly may help prevent and reduce physical symptoms linked to Internet gaming disorder., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). There is an urgent imperative to develop analytical methodologies capable of intelligently discerning multiple circulating miRNAs. Here, we present a dual miRNA detection platform for AMI using DNA logic gates coupled with an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) response. The platform integrates DNA truncated square pyramids as capture probes on gold-deposited electrodes, enabling precise quantification of miRNA associated with AMI. The cyclic enzymatic signal amplification principle of strand displacement amplification enhances the miRNA detection sensitivity. AND and OR logic gates have been successfully constructed, enabling intelligent identification of miRNAs in AMI. Calibration curves show strong linear correlations between ECL intensity and target miRNA concentration (10 fM to 10 nM), with excellent stability in consecutive measurements. When applied to clinical serum samples, the biosensor exhibits consistent performance, underscoring its reliability for clinical diagnostics. This innovative approach not only demonstrates DNA nanotechnology's potential in biosensing but also offers a promising solution for improving AMI diagnosis and prognosis through precise miRNA biomarker detection.

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium, poses a significant risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, the development of a highly sensitive and accurate detection method is essential to monitor the pollution situation. In response to this imperative, we have devised an advanced split-type photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for DON analysis, which leverages self-shedding MOF-nanocarriers to modulate the photoelectric response ability of PEC substrate. The PEC sensing interface was constructed using CdS/MoSe 2 heterostructures, while the self-shedding copper peroxide nanodots@ZIF-8 (CPNs@ZIF-8) served as the Cu 2+ source for the in-situ ion exchange reaction, which generated a target-related signal reduction. The constructed PEC sensor exhibited a broad linear range of 0.1 pg mL -1 to 500 ng mL -1 with a low detection limit of 0.038 pg mL -1 , demonstrating high stability, selectivity, and proactivity. This work not only introduces innovative ideas for the design of photosensitive materials, but also presents novel sensing strategies for detecting various environmental pollutants., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Background and Aims: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for pancreatic stones (P-ESWL) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are the preferred therapeutic approaches for painful chronic pancreatitis (CP) with pancreatic stones. This study aimed to report the short- and long-term outcomes following P-ESWL and ERCP in a large cohort with CP., Methods: Patients with painful CP and pancreatic stones >5 mm in size, who underwent P-ESWL and subsequent ERCP between March 2011 and June 2018, were included in this retrospective-prospective mixed observational study. The total stone clearance rates were recorded. All patients were followed up until the end of March 2024, with the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, pain type, quality-of-life scores and other relevant information recorded., Results: A total of 2071 patients underwent P-ESWL, and 93.1% of them subsequently underwent ERCP during the study period. Patients were followed up for an average of 11.8 years from the onset of CP and 6.7 years from the first P-ESWL procedure. Complete stone clearance was achieved in 73.7% of the patients. At the end of the follow-up period, 70.1% of the patients achieved complete pain remission. Significant pain type conversion and lower VAS scores were observed in the patients after treatment. Quality-of-life scores and body mass indices increased after P-ESWL and ERCP., Conclusions: P-ESWL and ERCP are effective and minimally invasive treatments for pancreatic stones in patients with painful CP. Most patients achieved complete pain relief, and pain-type conversion was common after treatment. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05916547)., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Uncontrollable interfacial side reactions generated from common aqueous electrolytes, just like the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendrite growth, have severely prevented the practical application of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Solid-state ZIBs are considered to be an efficient strategy by adopting high-quality solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). Here, by confining deep eutectic electrolyte (DEE) into the nanochannels of metal-organic framework (MOF)-PCN-222, a stable DEE@PCN-222 SSE with internal Zn 2+ transport channels was obtained. A distinctive ion-transport network composed of DEE and PCN-222 in the interior of DEE@PCN-222 realizes the efficient Zn 2+ conduction, contributing to high ionic conductivity of 3.13×10 -4  S cm -1 at room temperature, low activation energy of 0.12 eV, and a high Zn 2+ transference number of 0.74. Furthermore, experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate that DEE@PCN-222 with its unique channel structure could homogeneously regulate the Zn 2+ distribution and effectively alleviate the side reactions. Highly reversible Zn plating/stripping performance of 2476 h can be realized by the SSE. The solid-state ZIBs show a specific capacity of 306 mAh g -1 and display cycling stability of 517 cycles. This unique design concept provides a new perspective in realizing the high-safety and high-performance ZIBs., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. The three-dimensional quality structure model is a quality assessment theory that includes three dimensions: Structure, process, and results., Aim: To investigate the effects of nursing interventions with three-dimensional quality assessment on the efficacy and disease management ability of patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery., Methods: In this prospective study, the control group received routine nursing, and the intervention group additionally received a three-dimensional quality assessment intervention based on the above routine care. Self-efficacy and patient disease management abilities were evaluated using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Exercise of Self-Care Agency scale, respectively. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 17.0, was used for the data processing., Results: This study recruited 112 patients who were assigned to the control and experimental groups ( n = 56 per group). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in GSES scores between the two groups ( P > 0.05). After the intervention, the GSES scores of both groups increased, with the experimental group showing higher values ( P < 0.05). At the time of discharge and three months after discharge, the scores for positive attitudes, self-stress reduction, and total score of health promotion in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The implementation of a three-dimensional quality structure model for postoperative patients with esophageal cancer can effectively improve their self-management ability and self-efficacy of postoperative patients., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Designing and synthesizing multifunctional hybrid copper halides with near ultraviolet (NUV) light-excited high-energy emission (<500 nm) remains challenging. Here, a pair of broadband-excited high-energy emitting isomers, namely, α-/β-(MePh 3 P) 2 CuI 3 (MePh 3 P=methyltriphenylphosphonium), were synthesized. α-(MePh 3 P) 2 CuI 3 with blue emission peaking at 475 nm is firstly discovered wherein its structure contains regular [CuI 3 ] 2- triangles and crystallizes in centrosymmetric space group P2 1 /c. While β-(MePh 3 P) 2 CuI 3 featuring distorted [CuI 3 ] 2- planar triangles shows inversion symmetry breaking and crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric space group P2 1 , which exhibits cyan emission peaking at 495 nm with prominent near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield and the excitation band ranging from 200 to 450 nm. Intriguingly, β-(MePh 3 P) 2 CuI 3 exhibits phase-matchable second-harmonic generation response of 0.54×KDP and a suitable birefringence of 0.06@1064 nm. Furthermore, β-(MePh 3 P) 2 CuI 3 also can be excited by X-ray radioluminescence with a high scintillation light yield of 16193 photon/MeV and an ultra-low detection limit of 47.97 nGy/s, which is only 0.87 % of the standard medical diagnosis (5.5 μGy/s). This work not only promotes the development of solid-state lighting, laser frequency conversion and X-ray imaging, but also provides a reference for constructing multifunctional hybrid metal halides., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

This study explores the mechanism of enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) due to the coupling effect in gold nanodimers (Au NDs) with precisely controlled interparticle distances via electrochemiluminescence microscopy (ECLM). Our research revealed that the enhancement in ECL was predominantly attributed to increased charge density and elevated electric fields resulting from overlapping electrochemical double layers. These findings offer new insights into the fundamental processes that govern nanostructure-mediated electrocatalysis, opening up exciting possibilities for future applications.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss, a prevalent emergency in otolaryngology, is known to potentially precipitate cognitive and emotional disorders in affected individuals. Extensive research has documented the phenomenon of cortical functional reorganization in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. However, the potential link between this neural functional remodelling and cognitive-emotional disorders remains unclear. To investigate this issue, 30 bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients and 30 healthy adults were recruited for this study. We collected clinical data and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the participants. Gradient mapping analysis was employed to calculate the first three gradients for each subject. Subsequently, gradient changes in sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients were compared with healthy controls at global, regional and network levels. Finally, we explored the relationship between gradient values and clinical variables. The results revealed that at the global level, sudden sensorineural hearing loss did not exhibit significant differences in the primary gradient but showed a state of compression in the second and third gradients. At the regional level, sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients exhibited a significant reduction in the primary gradient values in the temporal pole and ventral prefrontal cortex, which were closely related to neuro-scale scores. Regarding the network level, sudden sensorineural hearing loss did not show significant differences in the primary gradient but instead displayed significant changes in the control network and default mode network in the second and third gradients. This study revealed disruptions in the functional hierarchy of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and the alterations in functional connectivity gradients were closely associated with cognitive and emotional disturbances in patients. These findings provide new evidence for understanding the functional remodelling that occurs in sudden sensorineural hearing loss., Competing Interests: The authors report no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.)

Aim: To develop a deep learning-based model for automatic retinal vascular segmentation, analyzing and comparing parameters under diverse glucose metabolic status (normal, prediabetes, diabetes) and to assess the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in image segmentation and retinal vascular parameters for predicting prediabetes and diabetes., Methods: Retinal fundus photos from 200 normal individuals, 200 prediabetic patients, and 200 diabetic patients (600 eyes in total) were used. The U-Net network served as the foundational architecture for retinal artery-vein segmentation. An automatic segmentation and evaluation system for retinal vascular parameters was trained, encompassing 26 parameters., Results: Significant differences were found in retinal vascular parameters across normal, prediabetes, and diabetes groups, including artery diameter ( P =0.008), fractal dimension ( P =0.000), vein curvature ( P =0.003), C-zone artery branching vessel count ( P =0.049), C-zone vein branching vessel count ( P =0.041), artery branching angle ( P =0.005), vein branching angle ( P =0.001), artery angle asymmetry degree ( P =0.003), vessel length density ( P =0.000), and vessel area density ( P =0.000), totaling 10 parameters., Conclusion: The deep learning-based model facilitates retinal vascular parameter identification and quantification, revealing significant differences. These parameters exhibit potential as biomarkers for prediabetes and diabetes., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: Jiang Y, None; Gong D, None; Chen XH, None; Yang L, None; Xu JJ, None; Wei QJ, None; Chen BB, None; Cai YJ, None; Xi WQ, None; Zhang Z, None., (International Journal of Ophthalmology Press.)

Background: The safety of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for pancreatic stones (P-ESWL) and adverse events were not evaluated and classified within large sample population. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and classify the adverse events of P-ESWL based on a large sample cohort., Methods: This is an observational study based on the large prospective chronic pancreatitis (CP) cohort. Patients with painful pancreatic stones over 5 mm who underwent P-ESWL between March 2011 and June 2018 at Shanghai Changhai Hospital were included. Adverse events after P-ESWL including complications and transient adverse events (TAEs) were recorded. Risk factors of adverse events were analyzed through univariable and multivariable logistics regression analysis. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the stability of the study., Results: Totally 2,071 patients underwent 5,002 sessions of P-ESWL were included. The overall complication rate and TAEs rate after all P-ESWL procedures were 5.2% and 20.9%. The complications and TAEs rate decreased obviously within the first 6 sessions. Several independent risk factors for adverse events after P-ESWL were identified. Sensitivity analysis suggested the stability of the results., Conclusions: P-ESWL is a safe treatment for pancreatic stones. Multiple P-ESWL sessions did not increase the complications and TAEs rate. ClincialTrials.gov number, NCT05916547., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The objective of this work is to showcase the ortho-positronium lifetime as a probe for soft-tissue characterization. We employed positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy to experimentally measure the three components of the positron annihilation lifetime-para-positronium (p-Ps), positron, and ortho-positronium (o-Ps)-for three types of porcine, non-fixated soft tissues ex vivo: adipose, hepatic, and muscle. Then, we benchmarked our measurements with X-ray phase-contrast imaging, which is the current state-of-the-art for soft-tissue analysis. We found that the o-Ps lifetime in adipose tissues (2.54 ± 0.12 ns) was approximately 20% longer than in hepatic (2.04 ± 0.09 ns) and muscle (2.03 ± 0.12 ns) tissues. In addition, the separation between the measurements for adipose tissue and the other tissues was better from o-Ps lifetime measurement than from X-ray phase-contrast imaging. This experimental study proved that the o-Ps lifetime is a viable non-invasive probe for characterizing and classifying the different soft tissues. Specifically, o-Ps lifetime as a soft-tissue characterization probe had a strong sensitivity to the lipid content that can be potentially implemented in commercial positron emission tomography scanners that feature list-mode data acquisition., (© 2024. The Author(s).)