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Heterogeneity among grape berries directly affects wine quality and restricts the wine grape industry’s development. To study the heterogeneous development of Vitis amurensis berries, the morphology and physiology of three different types—large berry, medium berry, and live green ovary (LGO)—in the same clusters of wine-making cultivar ‘Shuangfeng’ were monitored at different growth stages from June to September. External differences in berry development were distinguishable at 12 days after full bloom (DAF). The pedicel, berry size, fresh weight, and seed length of the medium berries were intermediate between those of large berries and LGOs. Seeds are crucial for fruit set and normal berry development. The activity levels of soluble acid invertase and cell-wall-bound acid invertase in large berries increased earlier, at 18 DAF, than the accumulation of sugar. Abscisic acid concentrations in medium berries and LGOs were greater than that in large berries at 18 DAF. The greater endogenous indole-3-acetic acid concentration in the medium berries compared with LGOs might protect the former from abscission.

Treballs Finals de Grau en Estadística UB-UPC, Facultat d'Economia i Empresa (UB) i Facultat de Matemàtiques i Estadística (UPC), Curs: 2021-2022, Tutor: Francisco Javier Sierra Martínez, En este trabajo, pretende analizar el impacto de los factores que provocan el aumento del precio de los carburantes. Concretamente, el estudio se centrará en la gasolina, el gasóleo y gasóleo para calefacción. Para poder llevar a cabo este estudio, se ha recopilado los datos mediante la técnica de Web scraping y se ha modelizado cada serie con la metodología Box-Jenkins. Finalmente, se ha llevado a cabo una comparación de los valores predichos con los valores observados para medir el impacto del cambio estructural sufrido a causa de la pandemia y otros factores socio-económicos.

Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. is a valuable medicinal plant species increasingly used in phytotherapy worldwide. This study systematically detected the lignin content and production during somatic embryogenesis of S. chinensis. The effect of various culture parameters on biomass accumulation and lignin production were also examined to optimize the accumulation of lignins in SEs in bioreactors, including the culture method, inoculum density, aeration volume and photoperiod. An inoculum density of 20 g L− 1 embryogenic calli enhanced production of lignin, while 30 g L− 1 embryogenic calli increased the biomass of somatic embryos. During somatic embryo induction, an aeration volume of 0.2 vvm and photoperiod of 16 h day− 1 were found to be optimal for biomass accumulation and lignin production. An approximately threefold increase in the biomass production rate and a fourfold increase in the total lignin production rate in SEs were achieved in bioreactors than on solid medium. The present study indicated, therefore, that the culturing of S. chinensis somatic embryos in bioreactors is an effective method for the industrialized production of lignin in vitro.

The sex of the male Vitis amurensis Rupr (Amur grape) flower can be converted to a hermaphrodite form after treatment with N1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N3-phenylurea (CPPU). This paper describes the results of flower development studies using histological approaches, and evaluates the pollen germination and berry characteristics. In wild-type male grapes, pistil development was arrested prior to the formation of the four-nucleate embryo sac, and the pistil subsequently degenerated. In contrast, CPPU accelerated pistil development, and induced octonucleate embryo sac maturation. Stamen development of CPPU-treated males was similar to control, but pollen germination was lower than control. Also, berry characteristics differed significantly in various male Amur grape lines. Results showed that sex expression of the male V. amurensis Rupr appeared to be sensitive to CPPU that stimulated pistil development to the same extent in hermaphroditic flowers. These data may provide additional germplasm information for evaluation of the male Amur grape, and our data may influence future breeding programs and drive molecular mechanism-based studies of plant sex determination.

The fruit of Schisandra chinensis Turcz. (Baill.), namely “Wuweizi” in China, is a well-known herbal medicine and health food. At present, research focused on the extraction of effective chemical component and function identification. Little known about the secondary metabolism gene pathway of chemical composition. Its fruit color usually red, however, the white fruit color variation has been found. It made us interested in exploring which gene change lead to this result. In order to understand the genetic background of S. chinensis, we performed a transcriptome analysis of S. chinensis, including red fruit and skin of ‘Yanhong’ cultivar and white fruit and skin of ‘Jinwuwei’. We obtained 26.4GB raw data (NCBI accession number: SSR4449123). De novo transcriptome assembly using Trinity revealed 92,415 transcripts and generated 71,443 unigenes. All unigenes were annotated in database.This study provides transcriptome of S. chinensis, which might be useful for comparative transcriptome analyses and understand gene expression of secondary metabolites.