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15 results on '"Xu, Minwen"'

6. Effects of betaine on non-alcoholic liver disease.

Author

Chen, Weiqiang, Xu, Minjuan, Xu, Minwen, Wang, Yucai, Zou, Qingyan, Xie, Shuixiang, and Wang, Liefeng

Subjects
LIPID metabolism, MITOCHONDRIAL physiology, BETAINE, NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease, OXIDATIVE stress, GENE expression, MESSENGER RNA, INSULIN resistance, LIPID peroxidation (Biology)
Abstract

The increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses a growing challenge in terms of its prevention and treatment. The 'multiple hits' hypothesis of multiple insults, such as dietary fat intake, de novo lipogenesis, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, gut dysbiosis and hepatic inflammation, can provide a more accurate explanation of the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Betaine plays important roles in regulating the genes associated with NAFLD through anti-inflammatory effects, increased free fatty oxidation, anti-lipogenic effects and improved insulin resistance and mitochondrial function; however, the mechanism of betaine remains elusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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11. MicroRNAs Regulate Thymic Epithelium in Age-Related Thymic Involution via Down- or Upregulation of Transcription Factors

Author

Xu, Minwen, Zhang, Xiaoli, Hong, Ruiyun, Su, Dong-Ming, and Wang, Liefeng

Subjects
Article Subject, fungi
Abstract

Age-related thymic involution is primarily induced by defects in nonhematopoietic thymic epithelial cells (TECs). It is characterized by dysfunction of multiple transcription factors (TFs), such as p63 and FoxN1, and also involves other TEC-associated regulators, such as Aire. These TFs and regulators are controlled by complicated regulatory networks, in which microRNAs (miRNAs) act as a key player. miRNAs can either directly target the 3′-UTRs (untranslated regions) of the TFs to suppress TF expression or target TF inhibitors to reduce or increase TF inhibitor expression and thereby indirectly enhance or inhibit TF expression. Here, we review the current understanding and recent studies about how miRNAs are involved in age-related thymic involution via regulation of TEC-autonomous TFs. We also discuss potential strategies for targeting miRNAs to rejuvenate age-related declined thymic function.

Published
2017
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13. CD8+CD103+ iTregs inhibit the progression of lupus nephritis by attenuating glomerular endothelial cell injury.

Author

Deng, Weijuan, Xu, Minwen, Meng, Qiaoyun, Li, Zhi, Qiu, Xiaonan, Yin, Songlou, Sun, Dong, Dai, Chun, and Liu, Ya

Subjects
*KIDNEY disease prevention, *CELL proliferation, *ANIMAL experimentation, *AUTOANTIBODIES, *BENZOPYRANS, *CELL adhesion molecules, *CELL motility, *ELECTRON microscopy, *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, *EPITHELIAL cells, *FLOW cytometry, *FLUORESCENT antibody technique, *GENE expression, *HYDROCARBONS, *IMMUNOGLOBULINS, *INFLAMMATORY mediators, *KIDNEY glomerulus, *KIDNEY diseases, *MICE, *NEOVASCULARIZATION, *POLYMERASE chain reaction, *PROTEINURIA, *T cells, *WESTERN immunoblotting, *LUPUS nephritis, *VASCULAR endothelial growth factors, *FLUORESCENT dyes, PREVENTION of disease progression
Abstract

Objectives We previously reported that ex vivo TGF-β and IL-2–induced CD8+CD103+ regulatory T cells (CD8+CD103+ iTregs) displayed similar immunosuppressive effect and therapeutic function on lupus mice nephritis to that of CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs. In view of the important role of glomerular endothelial cell (GEC) injury in inflammatory processes in SLE, this study aimed to investigate the nature and mechanism of CD8+CD103+ iTregs–mediated amelioration of LN by attenuating GEC injury. Methods Treg cells from patients with SLE and from healthy controls were characterized by flow cytometry analysis. The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and VEGF were analysed in healthy controls, patients with SLE and MRL /lpr mice by ELISA, western blot, and real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Typical lesions of diffuse proliferative LN were observed in MRL /lpr mice through the use of haematoxylin and eosin, Masson, periodic acid–Schiff, periodic acid–Schiff methenamine, transmission electron microscopy and IF microscopy. Angiogenesis was analysed in GECs by cell investigating proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Results The results revealed that the frequency of Treg cells was inversely correlated with the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in patients with SLE. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of CD8+CD103+ iTregs to MRL /lpr mice was associated with decreased levels of autoantibodies and proteinuria, reduced renal pathological lesions, and lowered renal deposition of IgG/C3. We further found that CD8+CD103+ iTregs not only suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators but also attenuated GEC injury by promoting angiogenesis. Conclusion Our study has identified the role of CD8+CD103+ iTregs on attenuating GEC injury and provided a possible application of this new iTregs subset in lupus nephritis and other autoimmune diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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