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Study on the formulation process of malt chewable tablets and its digestion promoting function.Using a method combining orthogonal experiment and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to study the formulation process of malt chewable tablets; using small intestine ink advance rate of mice， pepsin excretion of rats， and animal weight change as indicators to study the digestion promoting function of malt chewable tablets. The best formulas are as follows: citric acid is 2%， stevioside is 1%， microcrystalline cellulose is 40%， and magnesium stearate is 1%. 2.67 g/kg BW (body weight) of malt chewable tablets can improve the ink advancing rate of the small bowel movement experiment in mice (P＜0.001)， and the chewable tablets had no adverse effects on rat weight gain， food intake， and food utilization. Malt chewable tablets preparation process is stable and reliable， and the animal function experiments show that it has the function of promoting digestion.

In this paper, we construct the Riemann–Hilbert problem to the Lax pair of Chen–Lee–Liu (CLL) equation. As far as we know, many researchers have studied various equations with Riemann–Hilbert method before, but no one compared the N-soliton solutions calculated by different symmetries of potential matrix. Using different symmetries of potential matrix, we get two N-soliton solution formulae of the CLL equation. The interesting thing is that we find the equivalence of these two N-soliton solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research has shown that carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) could help to predict carotid plaque (CP) progression in patients with mild carotid stenosis. However, the debate continues as to the value of carotid intima thickness (CIT) in monitoring the development of CP in patients with severe carotid stenosis. This study sought to evaluate the relationships between CIT and the ultrasonic characteristics of CP and to analyze the value of CIT and the ultrasonic parameters of CP in assessing plaque vulnerability in advanced human carotid atherosclerosis., Methods: A total of 55 individuals who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) were included in the study (mean age: 65±7 years; female: 9.1%). CIMT and CIT were examined at the common carotid artery (CCA). Plaque textural features, such as the gray-scale median (GSM), superb microvascular imaging (SMI) level, and total plaque area (TPA), were also identified. A Spearman correlation coefficient analysis was performed to examine the relationship between CIT and the ultrasonic parameters of CP. The CIT of various plaque types was compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the diagnostic values of the ultrasound characteristics to evaluate CP vulnerability., Results: The mean CIT of all the participants was 0.382±0.095 mm, the mean CIT of the participants with stable plaques was 0.328±0.031 mm, and the mean CIT of participants with vulnerable plaques was 0.424±0.106 mm (P<0.001). CIT was associated with the SMI level (Spearman's correlation coefficient: r=0.392, P=0.005), TPA (Spearman's correlation coefficient: r=0.337, P=0.012). Patients with thicker CIT had larger lipid cores, higher levels of plaque vulnerability, and more intraplaque hemorrhages (IPHs). The areas under the ROCs (AUCs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for CIMT, CIT, the SMI level, the GSM, the TPA, and the combined model for identifying vulnerable plaques were 0.673 (0.533-0.793), 0.849 (0.727-0.932), 0.771 (0.629-0.879), 0.669 (0.529-0.790), 0.858 (0.738-0.938), and 0.949 (0.854-0.990), respectively., Conclusions: CIT was associated with both the histology and ultrasonic features of CP. CIT may be helpful in the detection of severe CP development., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://qims.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/qims-23-1193/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (2024 Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery. All rights reserved.)

Aims: Currently, available Doppler echocardiographic reference values are derived mainly from North American and European population studies, which may not applicable to the Chinese population. We aimed to establish normal reference values of Doppler echocardiographic parameters in a nationwide, population-based cohort of healthy Han Chinese adults., Methods and Results: A total of 1394 qualified healthy subjects (mean age 47.3 ± 16.0 years, 678 men) were enrolled at 43 collaborating laboratories, 37 transvalvular flow and tissue Doppler parameters were obtained, and the impacts of gender and age on each parameter were analysed. Significant differences were found between men and women in 48.6% (18/37) of the parameters analysed, and among different age groups in 83.8% (31/37) of the parameters in men and in 86.5% (32/37) of the parameters in women., Conclusions: Normal reference values of Doppler echocardiographic parameters were established for the first time in a nationwide, population-based cohort of healthy Han Chinese adults. Since most of these parameters differed by gender and/or age, reference values specified for gender and age should be recommended in clinical practice., (Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2015. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)