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With the development of new energy, conventional units which are the main source of system inertia are constantly being replaced. Meanwhile, the load-side inertia becomes increasingly prominent with the increase of proportion. However, the existing load-side inertia estimation method is relatively simple, and the lower estimation accuracy cannot meet the needs of system operation management. Based on the principle of inertial quantitative statistics, a refined statistically modified method for load-side inertia estimation is proposed. Starting from the inertia analysis of the load-side basic elements and inertia modelling of the basic load units, an expression of load-side inertia estimation is given under typical load operating modes. Considering the scenario of distributed power supply access with hidden effect, the expression is modified in two cases of power supply with or without inertia equipment. According to IEEE 9-bus system, a simulation system is conducted, and simulation tests are carried out respectively with behind-the-meter power supply or not. The results show that the error of load-side inertia estimation is less than 5%, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the proposed inertia estimation method.

To establish tooth movement boundaries in four directions by a novel morphometric analysis of alveolar bone using conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The aim was to assist clinicians in minimising the occurrence of bone fenestration and dehiscence, thereby facilitating safe and efficient orthodontic treatment.

Cathodic protection utilizing sacrificial anodes is an effective method to prevent marine ships and marine engineering structures from corrosion in seawater. The establishment and improvement of relevant standards are of great significance for controlling product quality, promoting the advancement of cathodic protection technology, and facilitating the application of new technologies and products. In this paper, the main domestic and international standards for sacrificial anode materials used in ships and marine engineering were introduced. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted on the sacrificial anode inspection standards from perspective of the physical performance, chemical compositions, and electrochemical properties of the sacrificial anodes. On this basis, suggestions for improving and applying the standards were proposed.

RAF protein kinases are effectors of the GTP-bound form of small guanosine triphosphatase RAS and function by phosphorylating MEK. We showed here that the expression of ARAF activated RAS in a kinase-independent manner. Binding of ARAF to RAS displaced the GTPase-activating protein NF1 and antagonized NF1-mediated inhibition of RAS. This reduced ERK-dependent inhibition of RAS and increased RAS-GTP. By this mechanism, ARAF regulated the duration and consequences of RTK-induced RAS activation and supported the RAS output of RTK-dependent tumor cells. In human lung cancers with EGFR mutation, amplification of ARAF was associated with acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors, which was overcome by combining EGFR inhibitors with an inhibitor of the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 to enhance inhibition of nucleotide exchange and RAS activation.

Introduction In general, racial and ethnic differences exist in antipsychotic prescription practices. However, little is known about such differences between individual long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic formulations, specifically. This study's primary objective was to determine racial and ethnic differences among LAI antipsychotic use. Secondary objectives were to identify if discontinuation rates differed between agents and by race or ethnicity. Methods International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) codes were used to identify patients with schizophrenia and related disorders (18-64 years) who received an LAI antipsychotic between 2016 and 2020 using Merative Multi-State Medicaid databases. Using National Drug Code numbers for LAI antipsychotics, pharmacy claims were identified and data analyzed. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests and odds ratio estimators were used to investigate conditional association between race or ethnicity and medication, while controlling for age, sex, health plan, and prescription year. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were examined, and stratified log-rank tests were conducted to compare the time until discontinuation distributions by race or ethnicity. Results The analysis included 37?712 patients. Blacks received an LAI first-generation antipsychotic more often than Whites (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: [1.56, 1.73], Hispanics (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: [1.21, 1.75]) and others (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: [1.20, 1.73]). Aside from fluphenazine decanoate showing earlier discontinuation rates for Whites over Blacks (P = .02), no significant differences in discontinuation across race or ethnicity were identified. Discussion Despite no significant differences in second-generation antipsychotic LAI discontinuation rates between Blacks and other racial or ethnic groups, Blacks received second-generation antipsychotic LAIs significantly less often than other groups. Further studies are needed to determine why differences may be occurring.

A 3-year-old male patient was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) for two years. The patient has multiple neurofibromas in retroperitoneum, lumbococcygeal paravertebral, lumbosacral spinal canal, and foramina. Due to retroperitoneal mass compression, the child suffered from urological complications such as hydronephrosis, ureterdilation, neurogenic bladder, etc., which seriously affected the urination function and resulted in multiple surgical treatments. Currently, the patient has been treated with mitogen activates extracelluar signal-regulated kinases(MEK) inhibitor selumetinib targeted therapy, and has voluntarily urinated, and his general state is better than before medication. The diagnosis and treatment of this case reflects the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases.

The Hall-Petch relationship, according to which the strength of a metal increases as the grain size decreases, has been reported to break down at a critical grain size of around 10 to 15 nanometres1,2. As the grain size decreases beyond this point, the dominant mechanism of deformation switches from a dislocation-mediated process to grain boundary sliding, leading to material softening. In one previous approach, stabilization of grain boundaries through relaxation and molybdenum segregation was used to prevent this softening effect in nickel-molybdenum alloys with grain sizes below 10 nanometres3. Here we track in situ the yield stress and deformation texturing of pure nickel samples of various average grain sizes using a diamond anvil cell coupled with radial X-ray diffraction. Our high-pressure experiments reveal continuous strengthening in samples with grain sizes from 200 nanometres down to 3 nanometres, with the strengthening enhanced (rather than reduced) at grain sizes smaller than 20 nanometres. We achieve a yield strength of approximately 4.2 gigapascals in our 3-nanometre-grain-size samples, ten times stronger than that of a commercial nickel material. A maximum flow stress of 10.2 gigapascals is obtained in nickel of grain size 3 nanometres for the pressure range studied here. We see similar patterns of compression strengthening in gold and palladium samples down to the smallest grain sizes. Simulations and transmission electron microscopy reveal that the high strength observed in nickel of grain size 3 nanometres is caused by the superposition of strengthening mechanisms: both partial and full dislocation hardening plus suppression of grain boundary plasticity. These insights contribute to the ongoing search for ultrastrong metals via materials engineering.