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In order to achieve the goal of “carbon peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060”, all industries are fully engaged in energy conservation and carbon reduction work. Carbon emissions from the transportation sector account for nearly 10% of China's carbon emissions[1]. Port is an extremely important part of China's transportation industry, and it is also one of the key areas of energy conservation and emission reduction in the transportation industry. It is very important to carry out research on the status evaluation of port carbon emissions, predict the future trend of carbon emissions, and explore the strategy and path of port carbon peak. In this study, the carbon emission scenario prediction model based on the detailed list of port equipment was established to simulate the port carbon emissions. It is also applied to a northern port in China to study and judge the peak value and time point of carbon emission in the future, and propose the path of carbon peak in the port.

Energy is vital for the survival and development of human society. Waterway transportation, as a significant component of the transportation industry, is one of major fields of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the integrated development of waterway transportation and energy becomes a powerful measure against severe challenges such as resource shortage, climate change, and environmental pollution. This paper reviews the current energy consumption characteristics of waterway transportation in China in terms of ships and ports, and evaluates the evolution trend of energy demand of relevant main parts from the perspectives of energy supply, quality, and utilization mode. The technical assessment of the integrated development of waterway transportation and energy is conducted, including natural endowment analysis, energy application potential of infrastructure assets, and research and judgment on energy demand. Based on this, the development principles, ideas, and pathways of water way transportation and energy integration in China are proposed. Moreover, this paper proposes suggestions for promoting the integration of waterway transportation and energy in China from the aspects of policy, key technology, and personnel training, so as to provide a basic reference for cross-disciplinary research and high-quality development of the waterway transportation industry.

Peaking carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision taken by China and it brings significant pressure and challenges to the transport sector. Peaking carbon emissions is an important direction for the highquality development and green transformation of the transport sector. This study analyzes the status quo of green development and carbon emission in China’s transport sector and identifies the challenges for achieving the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals in the transport sector. The overall idea is to peak carbon emissions actively and steadily by implementing categorized policies, combining short- and long-term goals, controlling carbon emission increment, and adjusting the current emission structure. An overall path for carbon reduction in the transport sector at different stages is proposed. Furthermore, we summarize several key measures to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality in the transport sector: (1) optimizing the transport structure, (2) promoting the energy efficiency of transport equipment, (3) popularizing low-carbon transport equipment, (4) improving the traffic organizing efficiency, and(5) encouraging low-carbon travel modes.

In the urban delivery sector, expanding the use of new energy vehicles (NEVs) can have a considerable positive impact on low-carbon sustainable development. To promote the application of newenergy vehicle in logistics industry, China’s Ministry of Transport launched Green Urban Freight Pilot Program in 2017 and has been achieved with promising results. However, the program has also encountered various restrictions and obstacles. This study carried out local investigations in six pilot cities of the Green Urban Freight Pilot Program. Key challenges of new energy logistics vehicles (NELV) adoption such as insignificant road access privileges, low cost-effectiveness, insufficient charging facilities, etc., were further identified through field research, online interviews and panel discussions. Then, detailed policy suggestions and recommendations targeting to national level and local level are proposed to promoting NELVs development.

This paper proposes a new optimization algorithm for backpropagation (BP) neural networks by fusing integer-order differentiation and fractional-order differentiation, while fractional-order differentiation has significant advantages in describing complex phenomena with long-term memory effects and nonlocality, its application in neural networks is often limited by a lack of physical interpretability and inconsistencies with traditional models. To address these challenges, we propose a mixed integer-fractional (MIF) gradient descent algorithm for the training of neural networks. Furthermore, a detailed convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is provided. Finally, numerical experiments illustrate that the new gradient descent algorithm not only speeds up the convergence of the BP neural networks but also increases their classification accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]