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Objective A retrospective study was conducted to explore the efficacy of bioabsorbable poly-L-lactic acid sternal pins in sternal closure in infants after cardiac surgery. Methods A total of 170 infantile patients who underwent cardiac surgery were divided into the steel wire group (group A), the PDS cord group (group B), and the steel wire + sternal pin group (group C). The occurrence of the thoracic deformity was evaluated by vertebral index (VI), frontosagittal index (FSI), and Haller index (HI) values; the stability of the sternum was evaluated by detecting sternal dehiscence and displacement. Results By comparing the absolute values of the differences in VI, FSI, and HI in the three groups, it was found that the difference values of VI and HI in group C were significantly lower than those in group B (p = 0.028 and 0.005). For the highest deformation index, the deformation rate of infants in group C before discharge and during the 1-year follow-up was lower than that in group A and group B (p = 0.009 and 0.002, respectively). The incidence of sternal displacement in group C was also significantly lower than that in groups A and B (p = 0.009 and 0.009). During the 1-year follow-up, there was no sternal dehiscence, and the sternum healed completely in the three groups. Conclusion The use of “steel wire + sternal pin” for sternal closure in infants after cardiac surgery can reduce the occurrence of sternal deformity, reduce anterior and posterior displacement of the sternum, and improve sternal stability.

Objective: To explore the changes in the absolute value and decline rate of early serum cTnT and NT-proBNP in neonates who underwent V-A ECMO support therapy within one week of birth. Methods: Clinical data and laboratory test results of 17 neonates who underwent V-A ECMO support therapy within one week of birth from January 2020 to January 2023 were retrospectively collected from the electronic medical record system. The patients were divided into the survival group and the death group. The absolute values and decline rate of cTnT and NT-proBNP were compared between the two groups on the day, 24, 48, and 72 hours after ECMO treatment. Result: Of the 17 neonates, 10 survived, and 7 died, with a survival rate of 58.8%. The absolute values of cTnT and NT-proBNP in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the death group, and the decline rate was significantly higher than in the death group. In this study, neonates with no early decline in cTnT and NT-proBNP were all in the death group. Conclusion: The changes in the absolute value and decline rate of early serum cTnT and NT-proBNP in neonates who underwent V-A ECMO may predict their prognosis.

To compare the therapeutic effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) between LingnanSeventy patients of PMOP were randomized into an observation group (35 cases, 4 cases dropped off ) and a control group (35 cases, 3 cases dropped off ). The patients of both groups were treated with calcium carbonate D3 tablets orally (600 mg each time, once daily). In the observation group, acupuncture was delivered at Shenshu (BL 23), Pishu (BL 20), Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), etc. with the specific reinforcing-reducing technique andIn both within-group and between-group comparisons, the difference in BMD was not significant before and after treatment (Lingnan

To the clinical characteristics and prognostic value of the patients with complete deletion of TET_JBP domain (ΔJBP) in TET2 acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Next Generation Sequencing technology was used to determine the mutations of 34 AML-related genes (including TET2 gene). The I-TASSER tool was used to predict the tertiary structure of the full-length TET2 protein and TET_JBP structure deletion.Among 38 AML patients with TET2 mutations, 22(57.9%) showed truncation mutations, of which 16 (72.7%) produced TET2ΔJBP truncation mutants. Protein structure prediction showed that the deletion of TET_JBP domain lead to the significant changes of tertiary structure in TET2 protein. Compared with the patients in non-ΔJBP group, the age of patients in ΔJBP group were older (63 vs 54 years old, P=0.047), and the occurrence rate of CEBPA double mutation (CEBPAAML patients with TET2ΔJBP truncation mutant shows lower CR rate, shorter EFS and OS after induction chemotherapy, which may be related to the poor prognosis, and co-mutation with CEBPATET2基因截短突变体ΔJBP在急性髓系白血病患者中的临床意义.探讨伴有TET2基因TET_JBP结构域完全缺失（ΔJBP）的急性髓系白血病（AML）患者的临床特征与预后价值.应用高通量测序技术（NGS）检测与AML相关的34种基因（包括TET2基因）突变的情况，利用I-TASSER工具对TET2蛋白全长及TET_JBP结构缺失体进行蛋白质三级结构的预测.38例伴TET2突变的AML患者中，发生截短突变者22例（57.9%），其中16例（72.7%）产生TET2ΔJBP截短突变体，蛋白质结构预测显示，TET_JBP结构域缺失导致TET2蛋白三级结构明显改变。与非ΔJBP组患者相比，ΔJBP组患者年龄更高（63 vs 54岁，P=0.047），CEBPA双突变（CEBPA具有TET2ΔJBP截短突变体的AML患者诱导化疗后CR率较低、EFS和OS较短，可能与预后不良相关，易发生CEBPA

To investigate the quantitative expression of immunophenotype of CD34Multi-parameter flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the proportion and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of each antigen of bone marrow CD34Bone marrow blast cell proportion (P0.01), RBC level (P0.01), and Hb level (P0.05) of high-risk MDS patients were higher, while EPO level (P0.05) was lower than those of low-risk patients. The proportion of CD34The immunophenotype of CD34骨髓增生异常综合征CD34探讨骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）患者CD34采用多参数流式细胞术（MFC）检测79例初诊MDS患者骨髓CD34高危MDS患者骨髓原始细胞比例（P＜0.01）、红细胞数（P＜0.01）和血红蛋白水平（P＜0.05）均明显高于低危MDS患者，而促红细胞生成素水平低于低危MDS患者（P＜0.05）。高危MDS患者CD34MDS患者不同风险组CD34

To investigate the effect of other gene mutations outside the fusion gene on the first complete remission (CRDNA was extracted from bone marrow or peripheral blood samples of newly diagnosed CBF-AML patients admitted to the Hematology Department of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2015 to January 2019. Next-generation sequencing was used for detection of 34 kinds of hematologic malignancy-related gene mutations in patients with CBF-AML, the effect of related gene mutations on the first complete remission (CR34 kinds of genes in bone marrow or peripheral blood of 43 patients were detected by high throughput sequencing and the gene mutations were detected in 16 out of 34 genes. The mutation rate of KIT gene was the highest (48.8%), followed by NRAS (16.3%), ASXL1 (16.3%), TET2 (11.6%), CSF3R (9.3%), FLT3 (9.3%), KRAS (7.0%). The detection rates of mutations in different functional genes were as follows: genes related with signal transduction pathway (KIT, FLT3, CSF3R, KRAS, NRAS, JAK2, CALR, SH2B3, CBL) had the highest mutation frequency (72.1% (31/43); epigenetic modification gene mutation frequency was 30.2% (13/43), including ASXL1, TET2, BCOR); transcriptional regulation gene mutation frequency was 7.0% (3/43), including ETV6, RUNX1, GATA2). Splicing factor related gene mutation frequency was 2.3% (1/43), including ZRSR2). The CRCBF-AML patients with signal transduction pathway gene mutation are often accompanied by high HBDH level and CD56 expression, moreover, the remission rate induced by one course of treatment is low.信号传导通路基因突变对CBF-AML患者一个疗程诱导缓解率的影响及临床特征分析.研究融合基因外其他基因突变对核心结合因子相关急性髓系白血病（CBF-AML）患者1个疗程诱导化疗达首次完全缓解的影响.采集2015年1月至2019年1月在山西医科大学第二医院血液科收治的43例初发CBF-AML患者的骨髓或外周血标本，提取DNA，通过高通量测序检测34种常见血液肿瘤基因突变情 况；结合其临床特征，分析相关基因突变对1个疗程诱导化疗完全缓解（CR43例初发CBF-AML患者初发时骨髓或外周血DNA均通过二代测序（NGS）检测了34种基因，其中16种基因存在突变，KIT基因突变率最高（48.8%），其次为NRAS（16.3%），ASXL1（16.3%），TET2（11.6%），CSF3R（9.3%），FLT3（9.3%）, KRAS（7.0%）。不同功能基因突变检出率依次为：信号传导通路基因（KIT、FLT3、CSF3R、KRAS、NRAS、JAK2、CALR、SH2B3、CBL）突变发生频率最高，为72.1%（31/43）；表观遗传修饰基因突变频率 为30.2%（13/43，包括ASXL1、TET2、BCOR）；转录调节基因突变频率为7.0%（3/43，包括ETV6、RUNX1、GATA2）；剪接因子相关基因为2.3%（1/43，包括ZRSR2）。经1个疗程诱导化疗CR存在信号传导通路基因突变的CBF-AML患者常伴较高的HBDH水平和CD56表达，1疗程诱导缓解率低.

This paper investigates the thermo-mechanical postbuckling behaviors of sandwich plates with auxetic graphene-reinforced metal matrix composite (GRMMC) core resting on elastic foundations. Two cases of the compressive postbuckling of sandwich plates subjected to uni-axial compression in thermal environments and the thermal postbuckling of sandwich plates subjected to a uniform temperature rise are considered. The auxetic GRMMC core having negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) is assumed to be piece-wise functionally graded (FG) by changing the volume fraction of graphene through the thickness domain of the core. The material properties of both metal face sheets and the GRMMC core are assumed to be temperature dependent. The Reddy’s third order shear deformation plate theory and the von Karman-type kinematic nonlinearity are used to formulated the governing equations of the sandwich plate which account for the plate-foundation interaction and the thermal effects. The postbuckling solutions are obtained by employing a two-step perturbation approach . The results reveal that the compressive postbuckling and thermal postbuckling behaviors of sandwich plates with auxetic GRMMC core are significantly influenced by the FG pattern, the face sheet-to-core-to-face sheet thickness ratio , and foundation stiffness.

Study question Does second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure from husbands have adverse effects on sex hormones, metabolic profiles, clinical phenotypes and fertility outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovulation induction? Summary answer SHS exposure is associated with worsened biochemical hyperandrogenism, higher incidence of metabolic syndrome and reduced conception rates in women with PCOS. What is known already Smoking in women impairs fecundity at some stages of the reproductive process including folliculogenesis, embryo transport, endometrial angiogenesis and uterine blood flow. Yet little is known about the hazard of SHS exposure in women with PCOS. Study design, size, duration This study was a secondary analysis of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Acupuncture and Clomiphene Trial (PCOSAct), a large randomized controlled trial conducted at 27 hospitals from 2012 to 2015 in mainland China. Participants/materials, setting, methods Out of 1000 women with PCOS, SHS exposure status were available in 500 women, of whom 271 women were non-exposed and 229 exposed to cigarette smoke (170 women ≤10 cigarettes per day as low-SHS exposed and 59 women >10 cigarettes per day as high-SHS exposed). We compared circulating sex steroids, glucose and lipid metabolism, metabolic syndrome and phenotypes, fertility and obstetric outcomes between non-exposed and exposed women. Main results and the role of chance Women exposed to SHS, compared to non-exposed women, had a higher serum total testosterone (1.7 vs 1.5 nmol/L, P = 0.01), free androgen index (5.7 vs 4.0, P = 0.001) and lower sex hormone binding globulin (30.1 vs 35.6 nmol/L, P = 0.03). Metabolic syndrome, but not other phenotypes, was more frequent in exposed women as compared to non-exposed women (21.8 vs 13.3%, adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.66; 95% CI, 1.02-2.71, P = 0.04). Ovulation rates between exposed and non-exposed groups were not significantly different (76.9 vs 82.9%, adjusted OR=0.72; 95% CI, 0.45-1.15, P = 0.17). Conception rates were significant lower in the exposed group (26.6 vs 36.9%; adjusted OR=0.61; 95% CI, 0.41-0.91; P = 0.01), while clinical pregnancy and live birth rates showed a similar trend that was not statistically significant. Gestational age, birth weight and other obstetric outcomes were not affected by SHS exposure. Limitations, reasons for caution Data on SHS exposure were missing in 50% of the women. We did not assay serum nicotine or cotinine levels to quantify the SHS exposure status. Wider implications of the findings These data suggest that smoking partners of infertile women with PCOS who seek treatment should be advised to quit smoking. Study funding/competing interest(s) Funding was provided by the National Public Welfare Projects for Chinese Medicine (201107005 and 200807002) and the National Clinical Trial Base in Chinese Medicine Special Projects (JDZX2012036 and 2015B009). There are no conflicts of interest. Trial registration number ClinicalTrial.gov number: NCT01573858 and chictr.org.cn number: ChiCTR-TRC-12002081.

Cathepsin B (CatB) cDNA of 759 bp from Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) with amino acid similarity of 99.6% to common carp was cloned. The mature CatB was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 transferred with vector CatB-pET-30a. It was purified and identified as a single band (29 kDa) on SDS-PAGE. Optimum CatB activity was observed at 40 °C and pH 5.5. Mouse anti-CatB polyclonal antibody with a high titer of 1:256000 was prepared successfully and shown to specifically recognize the antigen both in prokaryotic cells and in the tissues of Jian carp according to western blotting and immunohistochemistry results. Immunolocation analysis showed that CatB distribution at protein level varied among the tested tissues. The results presented in this study may provide a significant reference for future research on the inherent relationship between CatB and the quality of fish or fish products at both the gene and protein levels.

Yu-Dan Liang,1,* Ying Li,1,* Jian Zhao,2 Xiao-Yin Wang,3 Hui-Zheng Zhu,1 Xiu-Hua Chen1 1The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 2Longgang District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 3Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Acupuncture has been applied to relieve low back pain (LBP) in many countries. However, a bibliometric analysis of the global use of acupuncture for LBP is rare.Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the state of the art and trends concerning the global use of acupuncture for LBP in recent 20years.Methods: Literature relating to acupuncture for LBP from 1997 to 2016 was retrieved from Web of Science. CiteSpace was used to analyze country/institution, cited journals, authors/cited authors, cited references, and keywords. An analysis of counts and centrality was used to reveal publication outputs, countries/institutions, core journals, active authors, foundation references, hot topics, and frontiers.Results: A total of 958 references were obtained, and the total number of publications continually increased over the investigated period. Journal articles (662) were the most frequently occurring document type. The most productive country and institution in this field was the USA (342) and Harvard University (47), respectively. The J Altern Complem Med (69) was the most productive journal, and Pain (636) was the most cocited journal, which reflected the nature of the research. The Haake’s (2007) article (cocitation counts: 130) and the Cherkin’s (2001) article (centrality: 0.59) were the most representative and symbolic references, with the highest cocitation number and centrality, respectively. Cherkin was the most influential author, with the highest number of publications of 25 and a cocitation number of 226. The four hot topics in acupuncture for LBP were research method, evaluation, economy, and comprehensive therapy. The three frontier topics were intervention, test reliability, and prevalence.Conclusion: This study provides an insight into acupuncture for LBP and valuable information for acupuncture researchers to identify new perspectives on potential collaborators and cooperative institutions, hot topics, and research frontiers. Keywords: acupuncture, low back pain, bibliometric analysis, CiteSpace, cocitation

Acute infectious gastroenteritis cases in Shanghai, reported over three years, were analyzed. Pathogens were identified in 1031 patients; of these, 725 and 306 were bacterial and viral cases, respectively. Vibrio parahemolyticus and Salmonella were the dominant bacteria, and Caliciviridae and Reoviridae were the dominant viral families in the local area. The acute gastroenteritis epidemic peaks appeared in August and January, which represented the active peak periods of bacteria and viruses, respectively. Logistic regression analyses with sex stratification showed that abdominal pain, fever and ingestion of unsafe food at restaurants were independent factors more frequently associated with bacterial gastroenteritis irrespective of sex; red cell-positive fecal matter was associated with bacterial gastroenteritis with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.28 only in males; and white blood cell count was associated with bacterial gastroenteritis with an OR of 1.02 only in females. Pathogen stratification showed that age, vomiting and red cell-positive fecal matter were associated with males with ORs of 0.99, 0.61 and 1.71, respectively, in bacterial gastroenteritis; and the migrant ratio was higher in males with an OR of 2.29 only in viral gastroenteritis. In conclusion, although bacterial and viral gastroenteritis shared many features, epidemiological and clinical factors differed between sexes and pathogens.

In this work, graphene quantum dots were simply and rapidly prepared by thermal decomposition of citric acid. The resulting graphene quantum dots shows good dispersion and high crystallinity, the sizes can be effectively adjusted by controlling the temperature of decomposition. The results indicate that with the increase of temperature, the size of GQDs increased from 2 nm to 12 nm. The effect of the size of graphene quantum dots on the optical properties were carefully studied. Based on the optical properties and electrochemical results, the HOMO and LUMO value of GQDs with different sizes were obtained and the band gap becomes smaller from 3.36 eV to 2.87 eV with the increase of size of GQDs, which provides a potential application in the field of optoelectronic devices.

This study focuses on the development of the pervoskite catalyst for aluminum-air battery. The catalyst powders of porous pervoskite LaMnO3 were prepared by template method with different calcination temperatures. Material characteristics of prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermalgravimetry (TG). The half-cell polarization curves and cyclic voltammetry curves were found to be strongly depended on the calcination temperature. The result showed the optimized calcination temperature was 650°C. The full-cell discharge test in NaCl solution (3.5 wt%) with a constant discharge current of 10 mA/cm2 was performed at room temperature, and the discharge voltage of sample synthesized under optimized calcination temperature was 0.73 V.

NiMoB alloy films were deposited on silicon substrate by electroless deposition for diffusion barrier application in copper interconnects technology. NiMoB(40nm)/SiO2/Si and NiMoB(20nm)/Cu (40nm)/NiMoB(40nm)/SiO2/Si samples were prepared and annealed at temperatures ranging from 400◦C to 600◦C. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Four Point Probes (FPP) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to investigate the phases, composition, sheet resistance and surface morphology. The results showed that electroless deposited NiMoB film can be used as an effective Cu diffusion barrier layer until 500◦C. And the failure mechanism is that NiMoB crystallized and grains grew after annealing at high temperature, a large number of Cu grains passed through NiMoB film via grain boundaries and then reacted with Si substrate and oxygen, causing the generation of highly resistive Cu4Si and CuO.

In order to promote the development of acupuncture technique and improve the effect of acupuncture, acupuncturists have innovated and produced many new acupuncture needles using suitable engineering materials. This article aims to show the progress of advance engineering materials in acupuncture needles. We searched the international database PubMed, EI, and the Chinese database CNKI, Wangfang. The MESH and Key words were: acupuncture needle, needle implement, acupuncture implement, float needle, new nine needles, fire needle, laser acupuncture. And we classified the new needles into 5 related parts: name, inventor, function, materials and application. In this study, we had summarized common used 13 needles and 15 materials. The mainly used needles were Stone Needle, Metal needle, Stainless steel needle, New nine needles, Magnetic pole needle and Floating-Acupuncture. The mainly used materials were Si Bin floating stone, stainless steel, magnet, molybdenum, tungsten .Stainless steel needle is the most frequently used in clinic. In conclusion, there are not many advance engineering materials applied in acupuncture needles. A few materials help to promote the development of acupuncture but they are not frequently used enough. The development of acupuncture needs more suitable materials to improve the function of needle. An ideal needle may be painless but thicker enough to manipulate, and produce some material effect to produce enough stimulating quantity.

A “sandwich system” was used to investigate the effect of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) on early stages of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal life cycle. Spore germination and pre-symbiotic hyphal differentiation of AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis were decreased in the rhizosphere of transgenic Bt cotton isolines (Jin26, GK12 and Jin44) compared with in that of their corresponding parental non-transgenic isolines (Jin7, Si3 and Ji492); and the appressorium number, colonization intensity and arbuscule abundance were lower in Bt plant roots. More collapsed arbuscules were also observed in Bt roots. The results of statistical analysis demonstrate that Bt-trait significantly contributes to the inhibition of pre-symbiotic development and AM fungal colonization, which might be attributed to either Bt toxin toxicity or interference of signal perception between AM fungi and the hosts. The specific mechanism requires further study.

In this work, directional solidification was performed for multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) ingot casting. The initial nucleation at the bottom of the silicon melt could be controlled by changing the cooling rate from 9 to 20μm/s. Metallographic microscope, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Microwave photoconductivity decay meter (μ-PCD) and four-point probe resistivity tester were used to investigate the microstructure, crystal orientation and electrical properties of the mc-Si ingots. The obtained results showed that cooling rate at 17μm/s is the optimum condition for the mc-Si ingots casting, under which the prepared ingot has lower dislocation density of 6×10-3 cm-2, better electrical properties, more uniformer resistivity distribution with an average value of 0.68 Ω×cm and higher minority carrier lifetime with a maximum value of 1.8 μs than that of in the other cooling rate conditions.

CoMoB film was prepared on Si substrate via electroless deposition as the diffusion barrier for ULSI-Cu metallization. Annealing experiments of CoMoB(30nm) film and CoMoB(10nm)/Cu (40nm)/CoMoB(30nm)/SiO2/Si multi-films were carried out in the temperature range from 400◦C to 700◦C. Failure temperature and mechanism of Cu diffusion in CoMoB film were discussed. The composition, sheet resistance and morphology of the film were investigated by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Four Point Probe (FPP) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), respectively. It can be concluded that the failure temperature of CoMoB film is 600◦C. The main reason of failure is that a large number of Cu particles passed through CoMoB grain boundary and reacted with Si substrate to generate Cu4Si with high resistance.

Stain etching, one step metal assisted chemical etching (1-MACE) and two-step metal assisted chemical etching (2-MACE) were used for preparing porous silicon powders (PSPs) based on metallurgical silicon powder. The influences of different oxidants species and concentrations on the structure of PSP were discussed. The results indicated that the different oxidant species has an important effect on the morphology and structure of PSP. In stain etching, there is still a challenge for fabricating PSP with uniform and controlled pore size structure. In contrast, metal-assisted chemical etching method is easier to prepare PSPs sample with uniform depth and pore size than stain etching, In 1-MACE, the growth rate of the PSPs pore was between 0.05 and 0.10 μm/min, which is far less than that of 2-MACE (about 0.2~0.5 μm/min). Furthermore, 2-MACE showed more advantages than stain etching and 1-MACE in controlling of pore size range and structure.

The development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a very rare event. The current report presents a rare case of a 33-year-old man who was diagnosed with MDS with multiple-lineage dysplasia (MDS-MLD) that transformed into pro-B-ALL. A missense mutation (S1231F) of the additional sex combs like 1, transcriptional regulator gene was identified, which may have a substantial role in the progression, however does not act as an unfavorable prognostic marker. The patient died during induction chemotherapy. The present study further conducted an analysis on 30 patients to determine progression to ALL. Patients were predominantly male (76.7%, 23/30) with a median age of 56 years (3–90 years). The median time to transformation was 5.5 months (2–50 months). The most common type of MDS with ALL transformation comprised of MDS-excess blasts (MDS-EB; 40%, 12/30), MDS with single-lineage dysplasia (MDS-SLD; 30%, 9/30) and MDS with ring sideroblasts (MDS-RS; 16.7%, 5/30). The majority of the patients transformed to B-cell (66.7%, 16/24) followed by T-cell (33.3%, 8/24) ALL. From the 25 cases where data was available, the complete remission rate was 75% (15/20) with ALL-directed chemotherapy and the median remission duration was 15 months (range 4.5 to 51 months). However, the results indicated that ALL following MDS is characterized by a high rate of early death (20%, 5/25).

A genetic algorithm-based method is proposed to optimize the global stacking sequence of composite structures with ply-drops. To avoid the design space exploration problems in existing optimization methods, the prerequisites for the continuity between laminated composites are firstly studied and the continuity rules are summarized. To implement these rules in the evolutionary optimization, two newly constructed chromosomes are developed to encode the global stacking sequence with no additional chromosomal repair. Genetic operators, including mutation, swapping and crossover operators, are also developed to explore the design space sufficiently and meanwhile follow the continuity rules. A typical multi-laminate-panel structure is optimized to verify the proposed method. It is found that compared with existing methods, solutions with lower weights have been obtained with an acceptable efficiency in both symmetry and symmetry-balance constraint cases. The results reveal that with the proposed optimization method, the weight of composite structures could be further reduced.

La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ (LSGM) electrolyte thin films were fabricated on La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O2.75 (LSCM) porous anode substrates by Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method. The compatibility between LSGM and LSCM was examined. Microstructures of LSGM thin films fabricated were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of substrate temperature on LSGM thin films was clarified by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Deposition rate increases firstly at the range of 50°C~150°C, and then decreases at the range of 150°C ~300°C. After annealing, perovskite structure with the same growth orientation forms at different substrate temperature. Crystallite size decreases at first, to the minimum point at 150°C, then increases as substrate temperature rises.

The tubers of Bletilla striata were fermented with Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium oxysporum . The total phenolic contents (TPCs) and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the extracts from the fermented products were measured. Additionally, the extracts of both F. avenaceum and F. oxysporum fermented B. striata (FBS) were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The results showed that the F. avenaceum and F. oxysporum FBSs possessed higher TPCs and exhibited stronger antioxidant and antibacterial activities ( Bacillus subtilis ) in comparison with original material not co-fermented with microorganisms. Chemical characterization of the two extracts with UV–vis, FT-IR, and 1 H NMR implied that some of the phenolic glycosides may be deglycosylated and that bibenzyl compounds and saccharides may be metabolized in both FBS systems. Microbial fermentation enhances the TPC as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of B. striata . The present study suggests that F. avenaceum and F. oxysporum fermentations were effective in B. striata processing.

Monodisperse mesoporous silica microspheres (MSM-SF) were successfully prepared through PICA and pseudomorphic transformation using silica fume as original silica source. The structure and morphology of spheres were quantitatively investigated by Zata potential and particle size analyzer, N2 sorption isotherms, XRD, SEM and TEM. The results showed that the monodisperse spherical mesoporous silica microspheres (MSM-SF) exhibited uniform spherical morphology, worm-like mesoporous, large BET surface area of 559.9m2/g; its BJH average pore size diameter and total pore volume are 3.3nm and 0.12cm3/g, respectively. This preparation method provides a new synthetic strategy to control the particle morphology and structure simultaneously, meanwhile this method can also significantly reduce the cost of synthesis of mesoporous silica microspheres.

HfSiN/Cu/HfSiN/SiO2/Si multilayer films were prepared on Si substrate via magnetron sputtering technology. Annealing experiments of samples among 400°C and 700°C were carried out in order to investigate the anti-diffusion performance of HfSiN thin film to Cu. XRD, AFM and FPP were used to characterize the structure, morphology and the resistivity of the thin films before and after annealing, respectively. The failure temperature and failure mechanism of HfSiN thin film were analyzed. The anti-diffusion failure temperature of HfSiN thin film is 600 °C. And the main reason is that a large number of Cu large particles passed through HfSiN diffusion barrier layer and reacted with Si substrate and oxygen to generate Cu3Si and CuO with high resistance.

The multicrystalline silicon wafers purified by directional solidification route were used to introduce copper impurities. The resistivity and minority carrier lifetime of multicrystalline silicon wafers were investigated by four-point probe resistivity tester and μ-PCD, respectively. Annealing temperature, atmosphere and cooling rate were researched. It was found that copper contaminants have a greater impact on the electrical properties of multicrystalline silicon. Research results showed that copper impurities tend to exist at defect sites at high temperature, and high annealing temperature, argon atmosphere and slow cooling conditions make more impact on the electrical properties of multicrystalline silicon than low annealing temperature, air atmosphere and fast cooling.

CoSiN film can be used as diffusion barrier layer in ULSI-Cumetallization.CoSiN/Cu/CoSiN/SiO2/Si films are prepared by magnetron sputtering technology. Four-point-probe, SGC-10,Atomic forced microscopy (AFM) are used to detect the resistivity,film thickness and surface morphology. It is investigated the barrier performance of CoSiN film for Cu metallization in sub-45nm technology. The results shows that the resistivity and the components ofCoSiN/Cu/CoSiN/SiO2/Si film do not have the obvious change after being annealing at 550°C in Ar atomosphere, and CoSiN film can keep good barrier performance for Cu line. This multi-film shows good thermal stability .

La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.85 (LSGM) electrolyte films were successfully prepared by slurry spin coating method on porous La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O2.75 (LSCM) anode substrates. Ethyl celluloses content, coating cycles for slurry spin coating on the fabrication LSGM electrolyte films were investigated. The compatibility between LSGM and LSCM powders, microstructures and electricity conductivity of fabricated LSGM films were examined using XRD, SEM and electrochemical workstation. The film with good apparent morphology and electrical conductivity were obtained when the operating parameters were setted as the content of ethyl cellulose 10wt%, and the coating cycles 5.