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There are a number of secondary metabolites having medicinal values in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus. In this study, the target analytes salidroside, ligustroflavone, specnuezhenide, oleuropein, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were chosen, aiming to establish a method to investigate the content of six compounds during eight growth stages of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus. Even though the results indicated that the contents of six compounds in different growth periods reached their maximum value, they displayed a downward trend. The antioxidant activity of the analyzed samples also decreased along with the growth period. The relationship between the content of six secondary metabolites and the activity has been elucidated. Hence, this research provides a theoretical basis for guiding efficient use of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus.

In this study, ZnO nanotubes (ZNTs) were prepared onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass and used as supports for MIPs arrays fabrication. Due to the imprinted cavities are always located at both inner and outer surface of ZNTs, these ZNTs supported MIPs arrays have good accessibility towards template and can be used as sensing materials for chemical sensors with high sensitivity, excellent selectivity and fast response. Using K3[Fe(CN)6] as electron probe, the fabricated electrochemical sensor shows two linear dynamic ranges (0.02–5 μM and 10–800 μM) towards dopamine. This proposed electrochemical sensor has been applied for dopamine determination with satisfied recoveries and precision. More complex human urine samples also confirmed that the proposed method has good accuracy for dopamine determination in real biological samples. These results suggest potential applicability of the proposed method and sensor in important molecule analysis.

The effects of Malus halliana Koehne polysaccharides on functional constipation was investigated in this study. The rats were divided into six groups: normal group, model group, positive control group, M. halliana polysaccharides high dose groups 1200 mg/ kg, medium dose groups 1000 mg/ kg and low dose groups 800 mg/kg. The model of constipation was established by loperamide hydrochloride. Feces weight at 6 and 24 hours after treatment, Colon moisture content, in addition the levels of motilin (MTL), gastrin (Gas), somatostatin (SS), substance P (SP) in serum were used to evaluate the preventive effects of M. halliana polysaccharides on constipation. Compared with the model group, the positive control group, M. halliana polysaccharide high, medium and low dose group 6 h weight of feces, colon moisture content, the levels of motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS) and substance P(SP) significantly (p M. halliana polysaccharide could effectively improve functional constipation. Amongst these doses, the low dose group was better than others.

In this work, a selective sample cleanup procedure that combined molecular imprinting technique with solid phase extraction was developed for the simultaneous extraction of the seven nitroimidazoles (NMZs) from honey samples. The molecular imprinting polymers for NMZs were prepared through bulk polymerization method using 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole as template molecule, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross linking agent. The obtained molecular imprinting polymers showed high affinity to template molecule and was used as selective sorbent for simultaneously selective extraction of the seven NMZs from honey matrix. An off-line molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-MS) for simultaneous determination of the seven NMZs from honey samples was also established. The proposed method was validated at 1.0, 2.0 and 10.0μg/kg, obtaining recoveries in the range of 79.7-110%, with repeatability and interday precision values (expressed as relative standard deviation) ≤11.4% and ≤15.2%, respectively. Limits of quantification for different NMZs were 1.0μg/kg, which were always below the minimum required performance limits established by the European Community Reference Laboratories (Commission Decision 2002/657/EC). It was demonstrated that this proposed MISPE-HPLC-MS-MS method could be applied to direct determination of NMZs from honey samples.

In this work, a novel electrochemical sensor for epinephrine, which uses three dimensional molecularly imprinted polymer arrays (3-D MIP arrays) as the sensing materials, was reported for the first time. ZnO nanorods (ZNRs) were deposited on indium tin oxide coated polyethylene terephthalate (ITO/PET) film and used as high-surface 3-D scaffolds for 3-D MIP arrays deposition. The 3-D MIP arrays were prepared by electropolymerization of pyrrole onto ZNRs on ITO/PET film in the presence of epinephrine as template molecule. Due to the imprinted sites are located at the surface, as well as high specific surface area, these 3-D MIP arrays have good imprinted sites accessibility to template molecule. These 3-D MIP arrays are quite attractive for sensors, because each rod of arrays is accessible to analyte and can be used as sensing unit, thus yielding highly sensitive and efficient signal. 3-D MIP arrays based electrochemical sensor was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Results indicated that this 3-D MIP arrays based electrochemical sensor exhibits high sensitivity and good selectivity for epinephrine. Under optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current of epinephrine showed two linear dynamic ranges (1–10 μM and 10–800 μM) using DPV method. Moreover, this electrochemical sensor has been successfully applied to the determination of epinephrine in epinephrine hydrochloride injections with satisfied recoveries (97.1% to 102.2%) and precision (2.2% to 4.5% of RSD).

A facile method for the synthesis of size-and shape-controlled CuInS2 semiconductor nanocrystals was developed by thermolysis of a mixed solution of Cu (acac)2, In (acac)3 and dodecanethiol at 200 °C. By adjusting the reaction time, CuInS2 nanocrystals with size of ~2 to ~6 nm were obtained. The as-prepared nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The nanocrystals solutions exhibit tunable absorption and PL spectra with the absorption edge ranging from 450 to 750 nm while the PL emission peaks from 660 to 700, indicting a strong size-dependent quantum confinement effect. The proposed synthesis strategy developed in this work may be used as a general process for other metal chalcogenides nanocrystals and may have a bright application prospects in different areas, such photovoltaic application, in the future.

ITS deployment was adopted to improve traffic operation. Actuated control and advanced traffic management have been deployed in the project area. Driving is a multitasking activity that requires drivers to manage their attention between various driving-and non-driving-related tasks. This paper discusses the problem of modeling realistic and human-like behaviors on simulated highway systems by developing a framework. This framework consists of four units that are the perception unit, the emotions unit, the decision-making unit, and the decision-implementation unit. This paper has researched on the automatic vehicle driving mode (The Advanced Vehicle Control and Safety System) at the four-lane highway. Automated vehicle decision-making procedure is discussed in this research. Two safety indices of automate vehicle driving are explored. In real experiment, TBC index may be good for commending evaluating automate vehicle driving behavior.

A facile solution method for the synthesis of single-crystal copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) nanotubes was developed by using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as morphology directing template and triethylenetetramine as both reducing agent and effective chelating agent. The crystal structure, morphology, elemental composition of the as-obtained CIGS nanotubes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The as-obtained CIGS nanotubes have a diameter about 200 nm and a thickness of 30 nm. The proposed synthesis strategy developed in this work may be used as a general process for other metal chalcogenides nanotubes and may have a bright application prospects in high efficiency, yet low cost photovoltaic areas in the future.

The effect and mechanisms of Myristica fragrans on blood clotting were evaluated by evaluating blood coagulation time and the fibrinolytic system. The compounds 2 and 5 were isolated from the herbal extract and their activities were assessed for the first time. None of the tested compounds had fibrinolytic activity, but could inhibit the fibrinolytic activity of urokinase. Compound 2 showed the highest inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.747 mg·mL−1) followed by compounds 4 (IC50 = 1.818 mg·mL−1) and 1 (IC50 = 2.407 mg·mL−1), which were higher than that of the compound in Danshen drug tablets (IC50 = 6.577 mg·mL−1) used in China. Moreover, compounds 1 and 2 showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values 21.76 ± 0.59 and 21.31 ± 0.00 μg·mL−1, respectively. These results demonstrated that the compounds are promising candidates as procoagulant and antidiabetic agents.

In this Letter, flower-like Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanostructures were synthesized by solvothermal method. SEM and TEM images revealed that these flower-like CZTS nanostructures are constructed from nanosheets with thickness of about 25 nm. When used as anode materials, these flower-like CZTS exhibited stable lithium-ion insertion/extraction reversibility and long cycle life. The electrochemical performance could be attributed to their hierarchical nanostructure as well as the efficient charge transport induced by Cu and/or Zn. The electrochemical properties of these flower-like CZTS nanostructures implied its potential application as anode materials in the next generation lithium-ion batteries.

By research, we can realize definitely the relationship between the urban transportation system mode and containable development; meanwhile, it suggests the evaluation methods evaluation contents and guideline of Large-sized and middle-sized civic traffic problems. According to the civic traffic containable development basic theory, the major action factors of the civic traffic containable development and the establishment of the civic traffic containable development evaluation guideline system. Afterwards, this paper takes main factors and weight to use the found evaluation system.

With the development of the transportation, the county-country highway network has the more and more important function in the transportation network. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the scientific method evaluating the total function of the county country road network, so as to support decision for the synthetically transportation planning and management. The paper evaluates the whole construction level, layout quality and total capacity of the county-country highway network from the standpoint of holistic planning and synthetically transportation development. The status of the existent network is investigated and analyzed. Then the corresponding evaluating guideline system and method is put forward. Applying the proposed system and method, the paper analyzes the performance of some county highway network in Nanchong city and brings forward some improvement suggestions.

In this work, a highly selective sample cleanup procedure that combining molecular imprinting technique (MIT) and solid phase extraction (SPE) was developed for the isolation of domoic acid (a fascinating marine toxin) from seafood samples. The molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) for domoic acid was prepared using 1,3,5-pentanetricarboxylic acid as the template molecule instead of domoic acid. 4-Vinyl pyridine was used as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was used as the cross-linking monomer. The obtained imprinted polymer showed high affinity to domoic acid and was used as selective sorbent for the SPE of domoic acid from seafood samples. An off-line molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detection for the detection of domoic acid was also established. Good linearity was obtained from 0.5 mg L(-1) to 25 mg L(-1) (R(2)0.99) with a quantitation limit of 0.1 mg L(-1), which was sufficient to determine domoic acid at the maximum level permitted by several authorities. The mean recoveries of domoic acid from mussel extracts were 93.4-96.7%. It was demonstrated that the proposed MISPE-HPLC method could be applied to direct determination of domoic acid from seafood samples.

This paper will construct a discrete system's computer model, include the time distribution of buses arrive, stop and passengers’ get down and get off. The emulation clock advanced with the method of incident step length. Through the inversion produce the random variables of Poisson distribution, negative exponential distribution and normal distribution, simulate the conditions of bus arrive, leave and pick up passengers. Finally calculate with the relative data and then get a series of indicators to evaluate the crowing degree of the bus station.

In this paper we mainly discuss the traffic accident information management system which based on web software platform of WINDOWS NT using PB as front developing tool and adopting the database of SYBASE as its core. The system can make statistical analysis and prediction for road accident caused by many factors and can determine the Black Spot of accident through analysis thus can provide basis for preventing the accident and rebuilding the dangerous road section.

With the shortage of the gasoline resource day by day, the adjustment of county’s energy strategy, environment protect requirement and the continuous progress of the automobile technology, more and more automobiles were designed on the CNG as their fuel and corresponding CNG stations were increasing at the same time. But the consequential accident such as the leakage of the gas and the fire disaster made the security of the CNG station became a serious problem a problem which people pay more and more attention on it. if the gas was not fired immediately it may construct the gas cloud cluster and will explode when it comes out a fire, and people in a certain distance may wounded by the shockwave also the architectures in the dangerous range will be destroyed. This paper will contribute to formulate the evacuate conditions for pedestrian after the explode accident happening and also will provide the basis for evaluating the new constructed CNG stations.

In this paper, a highly selective sample cleanup procedure combining molecular imprinting and solid-phase extraction (MI-SPE) was developed for the isolation of melamine in dairy products. The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared using melamine as the template molecule, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking monomer. The melamine imprinted polymer was used as selective sorbent for the solid-phase extraction of melamine from dairy products. An off-line MI-SPE method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection for the detection of melamine was also established. The mean recoveries of melamine from ultra-heat treatment (UHT) milk and milk powders were 92.9-98.0% and 91.6-102.8%, respectively. Good linearity was obtained from 0.5 microM to 10 microM (r>0.999) with a quantitation limit of 0.5 micromol/L (0.06 ppm) which was sufficient to analyse melamine at the maximum level permitted by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (1 ppm) in dairy products. It was demonstrated that the proposed MI-SPE-HPLC method could be applied to direct determination of melamine in dairy products.

Four kinds of ionic liquids [BMIM] Br, [BMIM] BF4, [BMIM] PF6, [HMIM] PF6 were used to analyze the content of oleanic acid and paeoniflorin in Paeonia lactiflora with ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with HPLC. The chromatographic column, Purospher star RP-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm), was used. Acetonitrile and water (90:10) as mobile phase was used to determine the content of oleanic acid with a gradient elution and flow rate at 1.00 mL · min(-1), detection wavelength at 210 nm, chromatographic column temperature at room temperature. Paeoniflorin content was determined using acetonitrile and water (18:82) as mobile phase with a gradient elution and flow rate at 1.00 mL · min(-1), detection wavelength at 250 nm, the chromatographic column temperature at room temperature. The result show that oleanic acid has the highest extraction yield when the conditions are solid-liquid ratio of 1:80 (g · mL(-1)), and the [BMIM] Br methanol solution concentration of 0.6 mol · L(-1). Under the optimal extraction conditions, the content of oleanic acid from 0.24 to 3.76 μg showed a good linearity (r = 0.9999), the average recovery was 97.20%. Paeoniflorin has the highest extraction yield when the conditions are solid-liquid ratio of 1:130 (g · mL(-1)), and the [C4 MIM] PF6 methanol solution concentration of 0.6 mol · L(-1). Under the optimal extraction conditions, paeoniflorin content from 0.42 to 4.20 μg showed a good lin- earity (r = 1.000), the average recovery was 98.84%. This method is simple and reliable, its repeatability is also very good. It has important significance in the study P. lactiflora of ionic liquid microextraction.