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Porous carbon materials have been widely used for the removal of SO2 from flue gas. The main objective of this work is to clarify the effects of adsorption temperature on SO2 adsorption and desorption energy consumption. Coal-based porous powdered activated coke (PPAC) prepared in the drop-tube reactor was used in this study. The N2 adsorption measurements and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis show that PPAC exhibits a developed pore structure and rich functional groups. The experimental results show that with a decrease in adsorption temperature in the range of 50–150 °C, the adsorption capacity of SO2 increases linearly; meanwhile, the adsorption capacity of H2O increases, resulting in the increase in desorption energy consumption per unit mass of adsorbent. The processes of SO2 and H2O desorption were determined by the temperature-programmed desorption test, and the desorption energies for each species were calculated. Considering the energy consumption per unit of desorption and the total amount of adsorbent, the optimal adsorption temperature yielding the minimum total energy consumption of regeneration is calculated. This study systematically demonstrates the effect of adsorption temperature on the adsorption–desorption process, providing a basis for energy saving and emission reduction in desulfurization system design.

Spent LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes were revived through a microwave-hydrothermal relithiation process, complemented with microwave-reduced graphene oxide (MWrGO) derived from spent graphite anodes, to form a composite LFP/MWrGO cathode material.

Diverse interactions between microwaves and irradiated media provide a solid foundation for identifying novel organization pathways for energy flow. In this study, a high-energy-site phenomenon and targeted-energy transition mechanism were identified in a particular microwave heating (MH) process. Intense discharges were observed when microwaves were imposed on irregularly sized SiC particles, producing tremendous heat that was 8-fold the amount generated in the discharge-free case. Energy efficiency was thereby greatly improved in the electricity-microwaves-effective heat transition. Meanwhile, the dispersed microwave field energy concentrated in small sites, where local temperatures could reach 2000°C–4000°C, with the energy density reaching up to 4.0 × 105 W/kg. This can be called a high-energy site phenomenon which could induce further processes or reactions enhancement by coupling effects of heat, light, and plasma. The whole process, including microwave energy concentration and intense site-energy release, shapes a targeted-energy transition mechanism that can be optimized in a controlled manner through morphology design. In particular, the discharge intensity, frequency, and high-energy sites were strengthened through the fabrication of sharp nano/microstructures, conferring twice the energy efficiency of untreated metal wires. The microwave-induced high-energy sites and targeted energy transition provide an important pathway for high-efficiency energy deployment and may lead to promising applications.

To solve the problems of difficult treatment of desulfurized gypsum and overmining of limestone, a kind of lime/gypsum flue gas desulfurization (FGD) collaborative desulfurized gypsum resource util...

As a promising green technology, microwave heating is highlighted by its high efficiency and low consumption, especially in the fast pyrolysis treatment for e-waste recycling. Electric discharge induced by microwave–metal interaction plays a significant role in the process, and its contribution to heat generation is, however, always hard to define qualitatively through direct experiments. In this simulation, a microwave heating model featuring the pulsed microwave–metal (MW-m) discharge was designed in multi-dimensions, using COMSOL Multiphysics software, to emphatically probe the depth and extent of the hot-spot effect as well as its auxo-action on the pyrolysis process of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). The energy loss generated by MW-m discharge was added into the models in the form of a built-in fluctuating heat source, and it is found that at a relatively low microwave energy-to-heat conversion rate (31.5%, 220.5 W), due to the unique thermal effect of microwave–metal discharge, it can achieve an ideal pyrolysis effect. Based on the results, the instantaneous heat by discharge is generated in the similar trend of radiation pulses, and the local temperature of discharge spots can reach more than 2000 K the instant the discharge occurs, shortening the overall pyrolysis from dozens of minutes to around 200 s.

Oily sludge is a kind of industrial hazardous waste that contains a lot of harmful substances. It has high water content and oil content. Demulsification is the key link for its resource utilizatio...

The robust development of electric vehicles has driven a surging decommission stream of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their limited service life. The recycling of spent LIBs has become an urgent and essential task for the sustainable development of the LIB industry. However, the prevailing recycling methods focus only on recycling valuable metal, whilst the graphite anode materials are usually discarded or burned as fuels, leading to great waste of valuable carbon material. A facile strategy to obtain value-added products in an efficient manner is of great significance for the recycling of spent graphite. As graphite has excellent microwave absorption capability and electrical conductivity, microwave radiation on spent graphite can induce a Joule heat–discharge–plasma coupled effect, leading to a rapid heating process, especially when discharge occurs, exhibiting a thermal shock effect with the generation of a large number of high-energy electrons and active materials. This special feature facilitates microwave heating that is tailored for assisting the removal of impurities, structure repair, and graphite intercalation and exfoliation in an efficient manner. Therefore, different from the conventional graphite recycling route that is associated with energy/solution-intensive processes, this paper reviews the progress on microwave-assisted removal of impurities, repair of damaged graphite structure, and innovatively discusses the breakthroughs in microwave-assisted preparation of graphite intercalation compounds, expanded graphite, graphene and graphene-based materials, and porous graphene, with an aim to provide a scientific reference for the value-added resource utilization of spent graphite and preparation of new energy storage materials.

Lignite with high moisture content needs to be dried. The variations of internal and external water of Mindong lignite during microwave drying were studied. The effects of coal particle size (

In this paper, the concept of q-double Riordan matrices is given by using binary operations ⁎ q 2 and ⁎ 1 / q 2 . We give a q-analogue of the Fundamental Theorem of double Riordan matrices and study the structure of the entries of the multiplications of q-double Riordan matrices. As an application, q-analogue of the Pascal-Fibonacci array can be obtained by a q-double Riordan representation.

To develop a new process of sulfur recovery for activated coke desulfurization, reduction of sulfur dioxide by activated coke and pyrolysis gas from powder coke fast preparation system was studied experimentally and theoretically. The distribution of gas products in the experiment was measured by GC-MS analyzer and refinery gas analyzer, while the thermodynamic equilibrium data was calculated by the Factsage software. The activated coke presented great catalytic performance for SO2 reduction by CO and H2. The reactivity of CO reducing SO2 was higher than that of H2, and the two gaseous reducing agents were independent of each other during the reaction process. The effect of CO2 on SO2 reduction was slight, while the participation of H2O resulted in a significant decrease in S yield. The unsteady state experiment shows that the catalytic ability of activated coke did not affect by reaction between carbon and SO2, CO2 or H2O.

In this paper, a step-by-step classification algorithm based on double-layer SVM model is constructed to predict the secondary structure of proteins. The most important feature of this algorithm is to improve the prediction accuracy of α+β and α/β classes through transforming the prediction of two classes of proteins, α+β and α/β classes, with low accuracy in the past, into the prediction of all-α and all-β classes with high accuracy. A widely-used dataset, 25PDB dataset with sequence similarity lower than 40%, is used to evaluate this method. The results show that this method has good performance, and on the basis of ensuring the accuracy of other three structural classes of proteins, the accuracy of α+β class proteins is improved significantly.

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This study aimed to explore the influence of activated carbon, oily sludge pyrolysis residue, and biochar and their contents on the distribution of three-phase products of oily sludge subjected to microwave pyrolysis. A microwave reaction system, refinery gas analyzer, and chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to carry out the experiment and analyze the results. The results showed that all three additives reduced the yield of solid products and increased the yield of gas products. With an increase in the additive content, the volatile matter and moisture content in the pyrolysis residue greatly reduced. The content of CH

Highly active mesoporous Fe-Mn-Ce catalysts with high specific surface area (S