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10 results on '"Xiong-Bin Yan"'

1. Parabrachial nucleus astrocytes regulate wakefulness and isoflurane anesthesia in mice

Author

Pei-Chang Liu, Wei Yao, Xing-Yu Chen, Wei-Kun Su, Ze-Hong Zheng, Xiong-Bin Yan, Ya-Ling Deng, Kai-Ge Shi, Xin Liu, Yu-Wei Gao, Tian-Tian Lin, Yun-Xi Zhu, Ying-Xuan Lin, Zhong-Hua Zhu, Ping Cai, Liang-Cheng Zhang, and Li Chen

Subjects
parabrachial nuclei, astrocytes, sleep-wake, general anesthesia, isoflurane, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Background: The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is an important structure regulating the sleep–wake behavior and general anesthesia. Astrocytes in the central nervous system modulate neuronal activity and consequential behavior. However, the specific role of the parabrachial nucleus astrocytes in regulating the sleep-wake behavior and general anesthesia remains unclear.Methods: We used chemogenetic approach to activate or inhibit the activity of PBN astrocytes by injecting AAV-GFAabc1d-hM3Dq-eGFP or AAV-GFAabc1d-hM4Di-eGFP into the PBN. We investigated the effects of intraperitoneal injection of CNO or vehicle on the amount of wakefulness, NREM sleep and REM sleep in sleep–wake behavior, and on the time of loss of righting reflex, time of recovery of righting reflex, sensitivity to isoflurane, electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum and burst suppression ratio (BSR) in isoflurane anesthesia.Results: The activation of PBN astrocytes increased wakefulness amount for 4 h, while the inhibition of PBN astrocytes decreased total amount of wakefulness during the 3-hour post-injection period. Chemogenetic activation of PBN astrocytes decreased isoflurane sensitivity and shortened the emergence time from isoflurane-induced general anesthesia. Cortical EEG recordings revealed that PBN astrocyte activation decreased the EEG delta power and BSR during isoflurane anesthesia. Chemogenetic Inhibition of PBN astrocytes increased the EEG delta power and BSR during isoflurane anesthesia.Conclusion: PBN astrocytes are a key neural substrate regulating wakefulness and emergence from isoflurane anesthesia.

Published
2023
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3. Regulation of wakefulness by astrocytes in the lateral hypothalamus

Author

Ping Cai, Sheng-Nan Huang, Zhi-Hui Lin, Zewu Wang, Ren-Fu Liu, Wen-Hao Xiao, Zhang-Shu Li, Zhong-Hua Zhu, Jing Yao, Xiong-Bin Yan, Fu-Dan Wang, Shun-Xing Zeng, Guo-Qiang Chen, Liu-Yun Yang, Yu-Kun Sun, Changxi Yu, Li Chen, and Wen-Xiang Wang

Subjects
Pharmacology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Mice, Hypothalamic Area, Lateral, Astrocytes, Hypothalamus, Animals, Calcium, Wakefulness, GABAergic Neurons, Sleep
Abstract

The lateral hypothalamus (LH) is an important brain region mediating sleep-wake behavior. Recent evidence has shown that astrocytes in central nervous system modulate the activity of adjacent neurons and participate in several physiological functions. However, the role of LH astrocytes in sleep-wake regulation remains unclear. Here, using synchronous recording of electroencephalogram/electromyogram in mice and calcium signals in LH astrocytes, we show that the activity of LH astrocytes is significantly increased during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep-to-wake transitions and decreased during Wake-to-NREM sleep transitions. Chemogenetic activation of LH astrocytes potently promotes wakefulness and maintains long-term arousal, while chemogenetic inhibition of LH astrocytes decreases the total amount of wakefulness in mice. Moreover, by combining chemogenetics with fiber photometry, we show that activation of LH astrocytes significantly increases the calcium signals of adjacent neurons, especially among GABAergic neurons. Taken together, our results clearly illustrate that LH astrocytes are a key neural substrate regulating wakefulness and encode this behavior through surrounding GABAergic neurons. Our findings raise the possibility that overactivity of LH astrocytes may be an underlying mechanism of clinical sleep disorders.

Published
2021

5. A glutamatergic basal forebrain to midbrain circuit mediates wakefulness and defensive behavior

Author

Ping Cai, Hui-Yun Chen, Wei-Tao Tang, Yu-Duan Hu, Shang-Yi Chen, Jing-Shan Lu, Zhi-Hui Lin, Sheng-Nan Huang, Li-Huan Hu, Wei-Kun Su, Qi-Xuan Li, Zhi-Jie Lin, Tian-Rui Kang, Xiong-Bin Yan, Pei-Chang Liu, Li Chen, Dou Yin, Si-Ying Wu, Huang-Yuan Li, and Changxi Yu

Subjects
Pharmacology, Mice, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Basal Forebrain, Mesencephalon, Animals, Electroencephalography, Wakefulness, Sleep
Abstract

Defensive behavior, a group of responses that evolved due to threatening stimuli, is crucial for animal survival in the natural environment. For defensive measures to be timely and successful, a high arousal state and immediate sleep-to-wakefulness transition are required. Recently, the glutamatergic basal forebrain (BF) has been implicated in sleep-wake regulation; however, the associated physiological functions and underlying neural circuits remain unknown. Here, using in vivo fiber photometry, we found that BF glutamatergic neuron is activated by various threatening stimuli, including predator odor, looming threat, sound, and tail suspension. Optogenetic activation of BF glutamatergic neurons induced a series of context-dependent defensive behaviors in mice, including escape, fleeing, avoidance, and hiding. Similar to the effects of activated BF glutamatergic cell body, photoactivation of BF glutamatergic terminals in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) strongly drove defensive behaviors in mice. Using synchronous electroencephalogram (EEG)/electromyogram (EMG) recording, we showed that photoactivation of the glutamatergic BF-VTA pathway produced an immediate transition from sleep to wakefulness and significantly increased wakefulness. Collectively, our results clearly demonstrated that the glutamatergic BF is a key neural substrate involved in wakefulness and defensive behaviors, and encodes these behaviors through glutamatergic BF-VTA pathway. Overexcitation of the glutamatergic BF-VTA pathway may be implicated in clinical psychiatric diseases characterized by exaggerated defensive responses, such as autism spectrum disorders.

Published
2022

6. Inverse space-dependent source problem for a time-fractional diffusion equation by an adjoint problem approach

Author

Ting Wei and Xiong Bin Yan

Subjects
Physics, Applied Mathematics, Mathematical analysis, Inverse, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Tikhonov regularization, Dependent source, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Fractional diffusion, Uniqueness
Abstract

In this paper, we consider an inverse space-dependent source problem for a time-fractional diffusion equation by an adjoint problem approach; that is, to determine the space-dependent source term from a noisy final data. Based on the series expression of the solution for the direct problem, we improve the regularity of the weak solution for the direct problem under strong conditions, and we provide the existence and uniqueness for the adjoint problem. Further, we use the Tikhonov regularization method to solve the inverse source problem and provide a conjugate gradient algorithm to find an approximation to the minimizer of the Tikhonov regularization functional. Numerical examples in one-dimensional and two-dimensional cases are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Published
2018

7. Simultaneous identification of three parameters in a time-fractional diffusion-wave equation by a part of boundary Cauchy data

Author

Ting Wei, Xiong-bin Yan, and Jun Xian

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Laplace transform, Applied Mathematics, Analytic continuation, Boundary (topology), Cauchy distribution, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Function (mathematics), Inverse problem, Wave equation, Computational Mathematics, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Applied mathematics, Uniqueness, Mathematics
Abstract

This paper is devoted to determine the fractional order, the initial flux speed and the boundary Neumann data simultaneously in a one-dimensional time-fractional diffusion-wave equation from part boundary Cauchy observation data. We prove the uniqueness result for this inverse problem by using a new result for the Mittag-Leffler function and Laplace transform combining with analytic continuation. Then we use the iterative regularizing ensemble Kalman method in Bayesian framework to solve the inverse problem numerically. And four numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness and stability of the proposed algorithm.

Published
2020

9. TGF-β1 promotes human breast cancer angiogenesis and malignant behavior by regulating endothelial-mesenchymal transition

Author

Zi-Xiong Li, Jie-Xin Chen, Ze-Jun Zheng, Wang-Jing Cai, Xiong-Bin Yang, Yuan-Yuan Huang, Yao Gong, Feng Xu, Yong-Song Chen, and Ling Lin

Subjects
TGF-β1, EndMT, angiogenesis, breast cancer, BCSLC, dorsal skinfold window chamber, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

BackgroundEndothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is an important process of angiogenesis, which plays a significant role in in tumor invasion and metastasis, while its regulatory mechanisms in breast cancer remain to be fully elucidated. We previously demonstrated that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can induce EndMT in endothelial cells by secreting CCL18 through the activation of the TGF-β and Notch signaling pathways in breast cancer. This study was designed to study the role of EndMT in breast cancer angiogenesis and progression in order to explore the underlying mechanism.MethodsImmunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate the expression of microvascular density (MVD) and EndMT markers in breast cancer. TGF-β1 was used to induce EndMT models of differentiated-endothelial breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSLCs). In vitro cell migration, proliferation and matrigel tube-formation assays, as well as in vivo nude mouse tumor-bearing model and nude mouse dorsal skinfold window chamber (DSWC) model, were utilized to investigate the effects in order to explore the mechanism of EndMT induced by TGF-β1 on breast cancer progression.ResultsIn this study, we demonstrated that the EndMT markers were positively associated with MVD indicating unfavorable prognosis of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients. Functionally, TGF-β1 promoted migration, proliferation and angiogenesis of differentiated-endothelial BCSLCs by inducing EndMT in vitro and promoted tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. Mechanically, we revealed TGF-β1 induced EndMT by activation of TGF-β and Notch signaling pathways with increase of p-Smad2/3 and Notch1 expression. Moreover, we found Snail and Slug were key factors of TGF-β and Notch signaling pathways.ConclusionOur findings elucidated the mechanism of TGF-β1 in the promotion of angiogenesis and progression by EndMT in breast cancer.

Published
2022
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10. Analysis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Subtypes Based on Immune Signatures Identifies Clinical Implications for Cancer Therapy

Author

Feng Xu, Jie-xin Chen, Xiong-bin Yang, Xin-bin Hong, Zi-xiong Li, Ling Lin, and Yong-song Chen

Subjects
immune signatures, immune response, lung adenocarcinoma, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological subtype. However, the prognostic and predictive outcomes differ because of this cancer type heterogeneity. LUAD subtypes were identified on the basis of the immunogenomic profiling of 29 immune signatures. We named three LUAD subtypes: Immunity High, Immunity Medium, and Immunity Low. The Immunity High subtype was characterized by immune activation, e.g., increased immune scores, elevated stromal scores and the highest infiltration of CD8+ T cells, and decreased tumor purities. Activated expressions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, immune checkpoint molecules, and T helper 1 (Th1)/interferon-gamma (IFNγ) gene signature were also observed in the Immunity High subtype. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation, associated with cancer initiation and progression, was reduced in the Immunity High subtype. Functional and signaling pathway enrichment analysis further showed that differentially expressed genes between the Immunity High subtype and the other subtypes mainly participated in immune response and some cancer-associated pathways. In addition, the Immunity High subtype exhibited more sensitivity to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Finally, candidate compounds that aimed at LUAD subtype differentiation were identified. Comprehensively characterizing the LUAD subtypes based on immune signatures may help to provide potential strategies for LUAD treatment.

Published
2020
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