49 results on '"Xinyao Wan"'
Search Results
2. Impact of water physicochemical properties on the survival of Oncomelania hupensis snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum
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Yun Feng, Maomao Liu, Liang Shi, Xinyao Wang, Chunrong Xiong, and Kun Yang
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Oncomelania hupensis snail ,Laboratory snail survival experiment ,Water physicochemical properties ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Schistosoma japonicum, the causative agent of schistosomiasis, heavily relies on its single intermediate host, the Oncomelania hupensis snail, for its life cycle. Controlling these snails effectively plays a pivotal role in curbing the transmission and prevalence of this disease. While prior research has extensively investigated the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and vegetation on snail survival, growth, and reproduction, the contribution of water physicochemical properties has been notably underexplored. This study presents laboratory experiments designed to comprehensively explore the influence of water physicochemical properties on snail survival, offering valuable insights into environmental factors for more precise predictions of snail distribution. Methods We meticulously conducted laboratory snail survival experiments using water from different sources (river water/tap water), and employed a statistical approach amalgamating principal component analysis with Cox regression to preliminarily investigate the effects of different water physicochemical properties on the survival of snails. Results Our analysis indicates that after a 6-month laboratory snail survival experiment, the survival rate in the tap water group was significantly higher than that in the river water group for infected snails (χ2 = 7.74, p = 0.005), while the difference in survival rates for non-infected snails was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.61, p = 0.434). The Principal Component-Cox regression analysis revealed that in the infected snail group, total phosphorus, pH value, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, conductivity, and nitrite were protective factors for snail survival, while phosphate and total nitrogen were risk factors. In the non-infected snail group, total phosphorus, pH value, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, conductivity, and nitrite were protective factors for snail survival, and total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, and nitrate were risk factors. Conclusions This study underscores the substantial impact of water quality’s physicochemical properties on snail survival. The effects of water quality on snails are complex, and maintaining an appropriate level of organic matter content and controlling the pH value at a weak alkalescency level prove beneficial for snail survival. These findings hold significant promise for advancing our understanding of snail-borne diseases and optimizing control strategies.
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- 2024
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3. Impact of selective reporting bias on stroke trials: potential compromise in evidence synthesis - A cross-sectional study
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Xinyao Wang, Youlin Long, Na Zhang, Xinyi Wang, Qiong Guo, Ya Deng, Jin Huang, and Liang Du
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Selective reporting bias ,Evidence synthesis ,Randomized controlled trials ,Acute ischemic stroke ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Accurate reporting of outcomes is crucial for interpreting the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, selectively reporting outcomes in publications to achieve researchers’ anticipated results still occurs frequently. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of selective reporting of outcomes in RCTs on treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS), identify factors contributing to this issue, and assess its potential impact on the degree and direction of intervention effect. Methods A search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to collect interventional RCTs on AIS published from 2020 to 2022. Full texts of RCTs were reviewed, and only those reporting International Clinical Trials Registry Platform primary registry numbers were included. Registration information of the RCTs was extracted from the registry platforms and compared with the publications’ details to assess the selective reporting of outcomes. Bayesian multilevel logistic regression was used to analyze the reasons behind selective reporting. Results Among the total of 159 AIS RCTs identified, 82 (51.6%) were ultimately included, as they reported registration numbers, which encompassed 819 outcomes. Among them, 72 RCTs (87.8%) and 497 outcomes (60.7%) exhibited selective reporting. Omission-type selective reporting (downgrading, omitting, or ambiguously reporting) accounted for 36.4%, while addition-type selective reporting (upgrading, adding, or altering the measurement scope of outcomes) comprised 63.6%. Omission-type selective reporting correlated with negative results (OR: 7.39; 95% CI: 4.08—13.44), whereas addition-type selective reporting correlated with positive results (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.34—3.26) and publication in journals that are not in the top quartile of the Journal Citation Reports (OR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.15—5.38). Conclusions Registered interventional AIS RCTs still face significant issues regarding selective reporting of outcomes. Therefore, it is necessary to further evaluate the influence of selective reporting bias on the positive results obtained from individual AIS RCTs and the systematic reviews based on these RCTs.
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- 2024
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4. Evaluation and driving force analysis of ecological environment in low mountain and hilly regions based on optimized ecological index
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Xinyao Wang, Xuedong Wang, Xin Jin, Lingduo Kou, and Yuanjie Hou
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NRSEI ,Ecological environment ,Driving force ,Spatiotemporal evolution ,Geodetector ,Gaizhou city ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract In low mountain and hilly regions, vegetation cover is higher and plant growth has an accumulative effect, sequestering carbon more strongly. The traditional remote sensing based ecological index (RSEI) lacks the consideration of vegetation productivity, and using it to evaluate ecological environment in low mountain and hilly regions will be biased. In this study, the vegetation productivity was introduced to construct a natural remote sensing based ecological index (NRSEI) that responds to the low mountain and hilly regions, as an example of Gaizhou City, China. Additionally, this study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of ecological environment quality from 2014 to 2020 and quantified the influences of factors. The results show that the first principal component (PC1) increased from 56 to 67% to 65–87% and considered the accumulation process in the ecosystem. NRSEI was more valid. From 2014 to 2020, the quality of the ecological environment generally declined and then increased. The area with “Excellent” increased from 23 to 38%. The quality of ecosystems in the west, northwest, and south deteriorated significantly, a distribution pattern of “high in the center, low in the north and south”. Landuse and topographic conditions dominate the impacts on the ecosystem in the context of social, economic and policy influences. The interactions of the factors were two-factor enhancement that together affect the ecological environment. The results contribute to the development of urban conservation policies in low mountain and hilly regions.
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- 2024
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5. Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with liver metastasis: A case report and literature review
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Fangtong Teng, Dongmei Huang, Xinyao Wang, and Hongyan Cui
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Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma ,Liver metastasis ,Peritoneal thickening ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Published
- 2024
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6. The reporting quality of meta-epidemiological studies needs substantial improvement: a research on research study
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Youlin Long, Yurong Zheng, Xinyao Wang, Qiong Guo, Na Zhang, Ya Deng, Ruixian Tang, Zhengchi Li, and Liang Du
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Reporting quality ,Meta-epidemiological studies ,Interrupted time-series analysis ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Meta-epidemiological research plays a vital role in providing empirical evidence needed to develop methodological manuals and tools, but the reporting quality has not been comprehensively assessed, and the influence of reporting guidelines remains unclear. The current study aims to evaluate the reporting quality of meta-epidemiological studies, assess the impact of reporting guidelines, and identify factors influencing reporting quality. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase for meta-epidemiological studies. The reporting quality of these studies was assessed for adherence to established reporting guidelines. Two researchers independently screened the studies and assessed the quality of the included studies. Time-series segmented linear regression was used to evaluate changes in reporting quality over time, while beta-regression analysis was performed to identify factors significantly associated with reporting quality. Results We initially identified 1720 articles, of which 125 meta-epidemiological studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 65 (52%) had low reporting quality, 60 (48%) had moderate quality, and none achieved high quality. Of the 24 items derived from established reporting guidelines, 4 had poor adherence, 13 had moderate adherence, and 7 had high adherences. High journal impact factor (≥ 10) (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.80; P = 0.003) and protocol registration (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.22; P
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- 2024
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7. Spatiotemporal analysis of ecological benefits coupling remote sensing ecological index and ecosystem services index
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Lingduo Kou, Xuedong Wang, Haipeng Wang, Xinyao Wang, and Yuanjie Hou
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Ecosystem services index (ESI) ,Remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) ,Four-quadrant model ,Coupling index ,Ecological environment quality ,Spatiotemporal analysis ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
The quality of the ecological environment directly affects the generation of ecological benefits, and the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) provides rapid monitoring of regional aboveground ecological environment quality using satellite data. However, it relies on aboveground indicators and cannot fully capture its evolutionary trend. Ecosystem services (ES) indicate the well-being and capacity of ecosystems to benefit humans, and ES directly reflect ecological benefits. They provide a qualitative or quantitative assessment of ecosystem status, but with a delay relative to aboveground environmental changes. In order to quantitatively evaluate ES, ecosystem service index (ESI) was proposed in this paper. The coupling of RSEI and ESI was achieved through the four-quadrant model and the coupling degree model, which compensated for the dependence of RSEI evaluation on aboveground indicators, and the delayed effect of ESI, and provided a more objective spatiotemporal analysis of regional ecological benefits. The example is provided from Fushun City, Liaoning Province, China. Results showed: that ESI could effectively reflect the impact of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on ecosystem quality. The RSEI and ESI showed an overall upward trend in the study area, with the exception of a notable decrease in the central Wanghua District, the southern Dongzhou District, and the northern Fushun County. The quadrant I of the study area showed a continuous decrease, while the rest of the quadrants show a continuous increase. The coupling index significantly decreased in areas impacted by building site expansion and ecological restoration measures implementation. The four-quadrant model and coupling index can reflect the spatiotemporal changes and synergy level of RSEI and ESI, and can provide a more objective spatiotemporal analysis of ecological benefits. Therefore, coupling RSEI and ESI can quickly and comprehensively analyze the ecological environment quality and ecosystem service capacity in time and space, and reflect its evolution trend, which is of great significance for the management, prevention and planning of the regional ecological environment.
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- 2024
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8. Predicating risk habitats of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of schistosoma japonicum under multiple environmental drivers
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Zhe Wang, Xinyao Wang, Liang Shi, Jianfeng Zhang, Wei Li, Lu Liu, and Kun Yang
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Oncomelania hupensis ,Schistosomiasis ,Ecological niche modeling ,Machine learning ,Yangtze River ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Background: Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis), the unique intermediate host for Schistosoma japonicum, exerts a substantial influence on the risk of schistosomiasis. Being amphibious freshwater snails, the growth, development, and reproductive distribution of O. hupensis are intricately tied to climatic environmental variables. This study aims to predict O. hupensis habitat risks along the Yangtze River in China, considering multiple environmental factors. Methods: Data pertaining to the distribution of O. hupensis, including both presence and absence records, with the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River basin for the period 2017–2021, were retrieved from the Jiangsu Schistosomiasis Control Information Platform. Ten machine learning algorithms and an ensemble model were used to explore environmental drivers. Three datasets (Snail_CLIM, Snail_TOPO, and Snail_ALL) incorporating climatic and topographic variables were examined for their impact on model accuracy. We conducted validation using the AUC and TSS metrics. Moreover, we utilized the data from the 2022 snail field survey for model external validation. Results: The findings demonstrate that snail_ALL, which incorporates both climatic and topographic variables, exhibits superior performance (ensemble model: sensitivity = 98.000, specificity = 95.960, AUC = 0.994). Among the ten model algorithms, Random Forest (RF) exhibited the highest degree of accuracy and stability (Snail_ALL: AUC = 1.000 ± 0.000, TSS = 0.985 ± 0.005). The key environmental factors affecting snail distribution included the distance to the nearest river, elevation, annual precipitation, and annual average pressure. High-risk areas manifested as two distinct concentrations: downstream of the Luhe District in Nanjing and at the confluence of Zhenjiang and Yangzhou. The results of 2022 field validation showed that over 90 % of the data points for snail breeding sites are concentrated in medium to high-risk areas. Conclusion: By selecting pertinent environmental variables and employing ensemble modeling techniques, we can accurately predict O. hupensis habitats. The resulting risk distribution map for snail habitats not only provides valuable insights but also serves as a guiding tool for targeted monitoring and control measures. The holds particular significance within the contest of the Yangtze River protection and restoration projects.
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- 2024
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9. A functional SNP rs895819 on pre-miR-27a is associated with bipolar disorder by targeting NCAM1
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Yifeng Yang, Wenwen Lu, Mei Ning, Xianhao Zhou, Xinyao Wan, Qianglong Mi, Xiaoyan Yang, Di Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Biao Jiang, Lin He, Jia Liu, and Yan Zou
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MicroRNAs ,Bipolar Disorder ,Case-Control Studies ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,CD56 Antigen - Abstract
The aberrant expression or genomic mutations of microRNA are associated with several human diseases. This study analyzes the relationship between genetic variations of miRNA and schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We performed case-control studies for ten SNPs in a total sample of 1584 subjects. All these ten SNPs were on or near mature microRNAs. We identified the association between bipolar disorder and the T/C polymorphism at rs895819. To illustrate the function of miR-27a, we constructed several miR-27a knockout (KO) cell lines, determined candidates of miR-27a, and then verified NCAM1 as a target gene of miR-27a. Further studies revealed that the T/C polymorphism on miR-27a led to the differential expression of mature and precursor miR-27a without affecting the expression of primary miR-27a. Furthermore, the C mutation on pre-miR-27a suppresses cell migration and dopamine expression levels. Our study highlights the importance of miR-27a and its polymorphism at rs895819 in bipolar disorder.
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- 2021
10. A Ce-CuZn catalyst with abundant Cu/Zn-OV-Ce active sites for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol
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Runping Ye, Lixuan Ma, Jianing Mao, Xinyao Wang, Xiaoling Hong, Alessandro Gallo, Yanfu Ma, Wenhao Luo, Baojun Wang, Riguang Zhang, Melis Seher Duyar, Zheng Jiang, and Jian Liu
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Science - Abstract
Abstract CO2 hydrogenation to chemicals and fuels is a significant approach for achieving carbon neutrality. It is essential to rationally design the chemical structure and catalytic active sites towards the development of efficient catalysts. Here we show a Ce-CuZn catalyst with enriched Cu/Zn-OV-Ce active sites fabricated through the atomic-level substitution of Cu and Zn into Ce-MOF precursor. The Ce-CuZn catalyst exhibits a high methanol selectivity of 71.1% and a space-time yield of methanol up to 400.3 g·kgcat −1·h−1 with excellent stability for 170 h at 260 °C, comparable to that of the state-of-the-art CuZnAl catalysts. Controlled experiments and DFT calculations confirm that the incorporation of Cu and Zn into CeO2 with abundant oxygen vacancies can facilitate H2 dissociation energetically and thus improve CO2 hydrogenation over the Ce-CuZn catalyst via formate intermediates. This work offers an atomic-level design strategy for constructing efficient multi-metal catalysts for methanol synthesis through precise control of active sites.
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- 2024
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11. YOLO-AFK: Advanced Fine-Grained Object Detection for Complex Solder Joints Defect
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Xinyao Wang, Yubo Xuan, Xuetong Huang, and Qianhua Yan
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Deep learning ,complex feature extraction ,solder defect detection ,object detection ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Welding processes significantly impact product quality as a crucial part of industrial production. Due to the reflection, diversity, complexity, and minuteness of solder defects, traditional detection methods struggle to detect surface defects in solder points effectively. Although object detection based on deep learning has made significant advances, detecting smaller objects remains challenging. To address these issues, we propose an improved defect detection network based on YOLOv9, named attention flexible kernel YOLO (YOLO-AFK). In particular, we propose a fusion attention network (FANet) that can enhance the model’s ability to detect small defects by adaptively adjusting the receptive field of targets during feature extraction. Meanwhile, we use the alterable kernel convolution (AKConv), a variable kernel convolution, that breaks away from traditional convolutions limited to fixed local windows and sampling shapes. It can flexibly adjust the size and shape of the convolution kernels according to the solder targets, leading to more efficient feature extraction, thus achieving a lighter network. To gather more contextual and high-resolution information and enhance the detection accuracy and generalization ability for small objects and low-contrast targets, the cross-stage partial network fusion (C2f) module is designed to fuse feature maps from different levels. We evaluated the model using the publicly available NEU dataset and our proprietary solder point dataset, the fine-grain solder defect dataset (FG-SDD). Compared to previous studies, YOLO-AFK outperforms other state-of-the-art networks in terms of mean Average Precision (mAP) and Precision, with the parameter count increasing by only 12.4M, Precision improving by 10.1%, mAP increasing by 5.6%, and FPS improving by 23%. These results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed network in detecting defects with complex structures. In particular, for industrial solder joint defect detection, YOLO-AFK not only improves detection accuracy but also significantly enhances the recognition of small targets and complex solder joint defects, showcasing the network’s substantial potential and practical value in real-world production environments. The code is available at: https://github.com/Lwsk-wxy/yolo_afk.git.
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- 2024
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12. Precisely Control Relationship between Sulfur Vacancy and H Absorption for Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
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Jing Jin, Xinyao Wang, Yang Hu, Zhuang Zhang, Hongbo Liu, Jie Yin, and Pinxian Xi
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Hydrogen evolution reaction ,S vacancies ,Nanosheet ,Adsorption ,Technology - Abstract
Highlights The Ar plasma etching strategy was introduced to homogeneously distributed S-vacancies (VS) into the NiS2 nanosheets (NiS2-VS). Build the relationship between sulfur vacancy and H absorption and find that NiS2-VS 5.9% performs outstanding hydrogen evolution reaction performance and remarkable stability.
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- 2024
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13. FCMPR:A multi-path secure transmission method based on link security assessment and fountain coding
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Jianhang Liu, Qingao Gao, Xinyao Wang, Xiang Zhou, Shibao Li, Haowei Zhang, and Xuerong Cui
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Network security ,Multi-path transmission ,Fountain codes (FCs) ,Link security assessment ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
The security of network data transmission has always been a focus of attention. With the rapid development of quantum computers and the rise of intelligent algorithms such as semantic analysis, traditional data encryption methods struggle to ensure the secure transmission of data. The avoidance routing protocol improves transmission security by circumventing malicious nodes and dangerous areas, but it misses the actual optimal path setup, reducing routing opportunities and increasing communication delays, thus failing to meet the application requirements that demand high security and low latency. To address these issues, this paper proposes a multi-path secure transmission method (FCMPR) based on link security assessment and fountain coding. We have designed a link security assessment method based on a random forest traffic detection model, which can obtain the link's confidence level to assess its security. Furthermore, we have proposed a secure multi-path routing transmission mechanism based on fountain code, enabling safe and rapid data transmission without avoiding malicious nodes. Experimental results show that even with a high proportion of malicious nodes in the network, FCMPR can significantly improve the data transmission rate, reduce the transmission delay, and enhance communication quality while ensuring data security.
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- 2024
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14. A method of vehicle networking environment information sharing based on distributed fountain code
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Jianhang Liu, Xinyao Wang, Haibin Zhai, Shibao Li, Xuerong Cui, and Qian Zhang
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Cooperative perception ,Mobility prediction ,Autonomous vehicles ,V2V ,Vehicular ad-hoc network ,Neural network ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
The exchange of perceptual information between autonomous vehicles could significantly improve driving safety. In general, obtaining more information means driving more safely. However, Frequent information sharing consumes a significant amount of channel bandwidth resources, which will reduce transmission efficiency and increase delay, especially in crowded cities. This paper presents a novel method of motion prediction compensation to solve this problem. Firstly, we propose a distributed fountain coding scheme to improve transmission efficiency and reduce vehicles’ delay in acquiring peripheral information. Secondly, we design a mobile prediction model and information transmission control algorithm to reduce traffic while ensuring information reliability. The simulation results show that the prediction accuracy of this method is above 94 %, the information transmission is reduced by more than 50 %, and the vehicle perception rate is increased by 34 %.
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- 2024
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15. Land Cover Mapping in East China for Enhancing High-Resolution Weather Simulation Models
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Bingxin Ma, Yang Shao, Hequn Yang, Yiwen Lu, Yanqing Gao, Xinyao Wang, Ying Xie, and Xiaofeng Wang
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land cover mapping ,random forest ,accuracy assessment ,plastic greenhouses ,East China ,Science - Abstract
This study was designed to develop a 30 m resolution land cover dataset to improve the performance of regional weather forecasting models in East China. A 10-class land cover mapping scheme was established, reflecting East China’s diverse landscape characteristics and incorporating a new category for plastic greenhouses. Plastic greenhouses are key to understanding surface heterogeneity in agricultural regions, as they can significantly impact local climate conditions, such as heat flux and evapotranspiration, yet they are often not represented in conventional land cover classifications. This is mainly due to the lack of high-resolution datasets capable of detecting these small yet impactful features. For the six-province study area, we selected and processed Landsat 8 imagery from 2015–2018, filtering for cloud cover. Complementary datasets, such as digital elevation models (DEM) and nighttime lighting data, were integrated to enrich the inputs for the Random Forest classification. A comprehensive training dataset was compiled to support Random Forest training and classification accuracy. We developed an automated workflow to manage the data processing, including satellite image selection, preprocessing, classification, and image mosaicking, thereby ensuring the system’s practicality and facilitating future updates. We included three Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model experiments in this study to highlight the impact of our land cover maps on daytime and nighttime temperature predictions. The resulting regional land cover dataset achieved an overall accuracy of 83.2% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.81. These accuracy statistics are higher than existing national and global datasets. The model results suggest that the newly developed land cover, combined with a mosaic option in the Unified Noah scheme in WRF, provided the best overall performance for both daytime and nighttime temperature predictions. In addition to supporting the WRF model, our land cover map products, with a planned 3–5-year update schedule, could serve as a valuable data source for ecological assessments in the East China region, informing environmental policy and promoting sustainability.
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- 2024
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16. Preparation and Optimization of Chemically Modified Corn Straw/Chitosan/PLA Composite Using RSM
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Pei Pei, Lemin Guo, Rui Zou, Chunlan Liu, Xiaoyu Deng, Lulu Liu, Xinyao Wang, Jinyan Liu, Menghui Yu, and Shizhong Li
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chemically modified corn straw ,chitosan ,poly(lactic acid) ,composite ,box-behnken design ,response surface methodology ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
In this study, an optimized composite was prepared based on chemically modified corn straw, chitosan, and poly(lactic acid) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The composite was produced by screw extruding and hot pressing. The Box Behnken Design (BBD) software was used to design the test to optimize the composite composition. The optimum ratio of 3 factors, e.g. chemically modified corn straw (0.10 to 0.40 g), chitosan (0.25 to 0.75 g), and poly(lactic acid) (2.00 to 3.00 g) on the response value (bending strength) of the composite was investigated. RSM-BBD provided the optimum combination of composites. The novel composite prepared under the optimized factors was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mechanical testing, water absorption tests, contact angle tests, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the mechanical strength, e.g., bending strength, impact strength, and tensile strength of chemically modified corn straw based composite were 21.6 MPa, 4.43 kJ/m2, and 20.0 MPa, respectively, which increased by 23.5%, 13.9%, and 18.7% compared to native corn straw based composite. Improved mechanical strength and hydrophobicity for chemically modified corn straw/chitosan/poly(lactic acid) demonstrated that chemically modified biomass fibers and bio-based degradable polymers have the potential to produce environmentally friendly composites.
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- 2023
17. The Improved SBAS-InSAR Technique Reveals Three-Dimensional Glacier Collapse: A Case Study in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
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Xinyao Wang, Jiayi Yao, Yanbo Cao, and Jiaming Yao
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climate change ,displacement ,glacier deformation ,Lulang glacier ,SBAS-InSAR ,sentinel data ,Agriculture - Abstract
Many debris-covered glaciers are widely distributed on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Glaciers are important freshwater resources and cause disasters such as glacier collapse and landslides. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor the movement characteristics of large active glaciers and analyze the process of mass migration, which may cause serious threats and damage to roads and people living in surrounding areas. In this study, we chose a glacier with strong activity in Lulang County, Tibet, as the study area. The complete 4-year time series deformation of the glacier was estimated by using an improved small-baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technique based on the ascending and descending Sentinel-1 datasets. Then, the three-dimensional time series deformation field of the glacier was obtained by using the 3D decomposition technique. Furthermore, the three-dimensional movement of the glacier and its material migration process were analyzed. The results showed that the velocities of the Lulang glacier in horizontal and vertical directions were up to 8.0 m/year and 0.45 m/year, and these were basically consistent with the movement rate calculated from the historical optical images. Debris on both sides of the slope accumulated in the channel after slipping, and the material loss of the three provenances reached 6–9 × 103 m3/year, while the volume of the glacier also decreased by about 76 × 103 m3/year due to snow melting and evaporation. The correlation between the precipitation, temperature, and surface velocity suggests that glacier velocity has a clear association with them, and the activity of glaciers is linked to climate change. Therefore, in the context of global warming, the glacier movement speed will gradually increase with the annual increase in temperature, resulting in debris flow disasters in the future summer high-temperature period.
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- 2024
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18. Comparing Four Kinds of Lignocellulosic Biomass for the Performance of Fiber/PHB/PBS Bio-composites
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Pei Pei, Yelin Sun, Rui Zou, Xinyao Wang, Jinyan Liu, Lulu Liu, Xiaoyu Deng, Xuehua Li, Menghui Yu, and Shizhong Li
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lignocellulosic biomass fiber ,phb ,pbs ,bio-composite ,performance comparison ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
A new class of bio-composites was developed by utilizing four kinds of lignocellulosic biomass fiber (bagasse, bamboo, rice husk, and rice straw) as filling fibers. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) in a mixture ratio of 7:3 were used as matrix materials with hot-press molding. The performance of the resulting composites was evaluated by compositional analyses, mechanical analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and morphological analysis. The interfacial adhesion, thermal stability, and comprehensive mechanical properties of the alkali treated bamboo/PHB/PBS composite were highest among the four bio-composites. The bending strength, tensile strength, and impact strength for alkali treated bamboo/PHB/PBS composite was 19.82 MPa, 12.97 MPa, and 4.30 kJ/m2, respectively. The thermal stability for NaOH modified bamboo/PHB/PBS composite was slightly superior to the other three composites, with the initial pyrolysis temperature of 248 °C, moderate pyrolysis speed, and the amount of pyrolysis residue (5.81%). The results showed the suitability of biomass fiber and biodegradable polymer for producing environmentally friendly composite materials.
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- 2023
19. Biocomposite Optimization with NaOH-modified Bagasse Fiber, Polybutylene Succinate, and Poly(Lactic Acid) using RSM Approach
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Pei Pei, Rui Zou, Xinyao Wang, Jinyan Liu, Lulu Liu, Xiaoyu Deng, Xuehua Li, Menghui Yu, Jia Tan, and Shizhong Li
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naoh modified bagasse fiber ,polybutylene succinate ,poly(lactic acid) ,novel biocomposite ,box-behnken design ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Alkali-treated bagasse fiber was used as a process variable for optimization of the properties of polybutylene succinate/poly(lactic acid)-based biocomposites using Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions for three factors, i.e., NaOH-treated bagasse fiber (0.55 to 1.65 g), polybutylene succinate (1.1 to 2.3 g), and poly(lactic acid) (2.2 to 3.4 g) on the bending strength of biocomposite were investigated. The optimum combination was 0.91 g of NaOH-treated bagasse fiber, 1.14 g of polybutylene succinate, and 3.10 g of poly(lactic acid). The bending strength for NaOH-treated bagasse fiber/polybutylene succinate/ poly(lactic acid) composite was 27.0 MPa, which was 26.0% higher than native bagasse fiber-based composite. The composites were also characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical testing, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, water absorption, and contact angle tests. Results demonstrated that the bending strength, impact strength, and tensile strength of alkali treated bagasse fiber-based biocomposite increased by 26.0%, 15.5%, and 23.3%, separately, compared with native bagasse-based composite after sequential homogenization, compounding, and hot pressing. The hydrophobicity for alkali-treated bagasse fiber/PBS/PLA was also improved. Thus, NaOH-treated biomass materials/biodegradable polymer was judged to be suitable for preparing green composite materials.
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- 2023
20. Analysis of Quality Change of Capsicum annuum in Growing Process from Different Producing Areas
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He XIAO, Yang LIU, Xinyao WANG, Qiu DU, QIN Yeyou, Jialiang HU, Rongrong WANG, and Liwen JIANG
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peppers ,growth process ,producing area ,quality ,clustering analysis ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
As the common varieties of chopper pepper process, “La Feng 33” was selected as the research object. Five different growth stages of pepper from Shandong and Shanxi provinces were analyzed to explore the quality changes of pepper fruit during the growth process, which was essential for regulating the quality of chopped pepper and expanding the raw material sources. The results showed that the change trend of quality characteristics of pepper in the two regions was basically the same during the growth process. The content of VC and total capsaicin increased with fruit growth to some extent; soluble solids, acidity, total polyphenols, DPPH· scavenging capacity, FRAP, ABTS+· scavenging capacity decreased first and then increased with fruit growth; organic acids, total ash, Mg, Ca, Mn and Fe decreased with fruit growth. In addition, the contents of VC, soluble solids, organic acids and total capsaicin in Shandong producing area were higher than those in Shanxi producing area (P
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- 2023
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21. A Bio-Inspired Visual Perception Transformer for Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentation of High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images
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Xinyao Wang, Haitao Wang, Yuqian Jing, Xianming Yang, and Jianbo Chu
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transformer ,semantic segmentation ,pseudo-label ,high-resolution remote-sensing images ,Science - Abstract
Pixel-level classification of very-high-resolution images is a crucial yet challenging task in remote sensing. While transformers have demonstrated effectiveness in capturing dependencies, their tendency to partition images into patches may restrict their applicability to highly detailed remote sensing images. To extract latent contextual semantic information from high-resolution remote sensing images, we proposed a gaze–saccade transformer (GSV-Trans) with visual perceptual attention. GSV-Trans incorporates a visual perceptual attention (VPA) mechanism that dynamically allocates computational resources based on the semantic complexity of the image. The VPA mechanism includes both gaze attention and eye movement attention, enabling the model to focus on the most critical parts of the image and acquire competitive semantic information. Additionally, to capture contextual semantic information across different levels in the image, we designed an inter-layer short-term visual memory module with bidirectional affinity propagation to guide attention allocation. Furthermore, we introduced a dual-branch pseudo-label module (DBPL) that imposes pixel-level and category-level semantic constraints on both gaze and saccade branches. DBPL encourages the model to extract domain-invariant features and align semantic information across different domains in the feature space. Extensive experiments on multiple pixel-level classification benchmarks confirm the effectiveness and superiority of our method over the state of the art.
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- 2024
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22. Alexithymia is associated with insomnia in Chinese patients with schizophrenia
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Fangfang Cai, Huixia Jiang, Siyu Tong, Siyao Zhou, Mengpu Wang, Shiyu Sun, Jie Liu, Yao Xu, Nankai Lin, Jiajing Dai, Xinyao Wang, Wei Wang, Ke Zhao, and Xixi Wu
- Subjects
alexithymia ,insomnia ,schizophrenia ,negative symptom ,recognition ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
BackgroundSleep disorders are prevalent among patients with schizophrenia and are associated with several negative consequences. Although, researchers have recently suggested that sleep disorders have a close correlation with alexithymia, and schizophrenia also has a strong correlation with alexithymia, there have been few studies on the relationships between schizophrenia, sleep disorders and alexithymia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationships between psychiatric symptoms, alexithymia and sleep problems in patients with schizophrenia so as to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of this comorbidity.MethodsIn total, 977 patients with schizophrenia were recruited for this study. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to assess sleep disorders, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) were used to evaluate clinical symptoms, cognitive functions and the ability to express emotion, respectively.ResultsThe results indicated that the PANSS subscales (G-subscore) and TAS group were risk factors for insomnia in schizophrenia patients (all p
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- 2023
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23. Development and performance of recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay for detecting Schistosoma haematobium DNA in urine samples
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Song Zhao, Qiaoqiao Zhang, Xinyao Wang, Wei Li, Saleh Juma, Robert Berquist, Jianfeng Zhang, and Kun Yang
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Schistosoma haematobium ,Field diagnosis ,Recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) ,Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) ,Urine ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Rapid diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium requires an accurate and timely assay, especially for low-intensity S. haematobium infection cases and in non-endemic areas. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) gene fragment of S. haematobium was selected as detection target as this short fragment, which can be rapidly sequenced and yet possess good diagnostic resolution. A pair of primers and a fluorescent probe were designed according to the principle of recombinase-aided amplification (RAA), which was subsequently optimized and applied as an S. haematobium-specific RAA assay. Its diagnostic performance was validated for sensitivity and specificity in comparison to microscopy-based egg counting after urine filtration. The RAA assay could detect as little as 10 copies/μL of S. haematobium recombinant plasmid, and no cross-reactions were observed with S. mansoni, S. japonicum, Ancylostoma duodenale, Clonorchis sinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, or Ascaris lumbricoides. This test can be conducted at 39 °C and the whole RAA reaction can be completed within 20 min. The validation of the RAA assay showed that it had 100 % consistency with urine-egg microscopy, as it does not require an elaborate reading tool, is simple to use, and should be useful for field diagnostics and point-of-care applications.
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- 2023
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24. Mechanism and implications of shut-in induced earthquakes
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Xinyao Wang, Dianzhu Liu, Xiao Li, and Quanchen Gao
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Shut-in induced earthquake ,Fluid pressurization rate ,Fluid pressure non-uniform distribution ,Fracture surface evolution ,Fluid pressure gradient ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Fluid pressurization rate is an important inducement to fracture slip. In order to characterize the fracture slip initiation and slip mode during fluid pressurization, a series of stepwise injection induced shear tests were carried out. Results show that fracture slip initiation depends on fluid pressure and roughness of fracture surface. Fluid pressurization rate, fluid pressure non– uniform distribution all affect fracture slip initiation. Reducing fluid pressurization rate seems cannot effectively avoid induced earthquake, but can delay the time and scale of induced earthquake, especially can alleviate induced earthquake after shut-in. Earthquake induced after shut-in may be caused by secondary damage of concave-convex body on fault surface under the action of fluctuating pressure generated from injection wells or underground water sources around fault. Furthermore, a new view is proposed that the change of fluid pressure gradient on fracture surface is an important complementary mechanism for shut-in induced earthquakes.
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- 2023
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25. Comparison and Analysis of the Flavor Components of Chopped Peppers from Farmhouses in Different Regions of Hunan
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He XIAO, Rongrong WANG, Mengjuan CHEN, Xinyao WANG, Hanliang YIN, Yang LIU, and Liwen JIANG
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farm chopped chili ,organic acid ,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) ,odor activity value (oav) ,principal component analysis ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
In order to explore the quality and flavor differences of traditional homemade chopped peppers from different regions, this study selected traditional homemade chopped peppers from six regions in Hunan as the research object, and determined the differences in organic acids and volatile components by using high performance liquid chromatography and headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The differences in physical and chemical parameters, organic acids and volatile components were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the salinity, acidity, various organic acids and volatile components of the farm chopped peppers in six different regions were significantly different (P
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- 2022
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26. Hypertensive Heart Disease: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Treatment
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Xuewei Huang, Lizhi Hu, Zhuojun Long, Xinyao Wang, Junru Wu, and Jingjing Cai
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hypertensive heart disease ,mechanisms ,diagnosis ,treatment ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) presents a substantial global health burden, spanning a spectrum from subtle cardiac functional alterations to overt heart failure. In this comprehensive review, we delved into the intricate pathophysiological mechanisms governing the onset and progression of HHD. We emphasized the significant role of neurohormonal activation, inflammation, and metabolic remodeling in HHD pathogenesis, offering insights into promising therapeutic avenues. Additionally, this review provided an overview of contemporary imaging diagnostic tools for precise HHD severity assessment. We discussed in detail the current potential treatments for HHD, including pharmacologic, lifestyle, and intervention devices. This review aimed to underscore the global importance of HHD and foster a deeper understanding of its pathophysiology, ultimately contributing to improved public health outcomes.
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- 2024
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27. Analysis on Operation Characteristics of 350 MW Waste Heat Boiler Under Variable Working Conditions
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Pei LU, Xiaobao LI, Chenxu ZHENG, Luyao ZOU, Xinyao WANG, Jiayue JIANG, Jun HU, and Xing ZHOU
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integrated gasification combined cycle ,waste heat boiler ,variable condition operation ,350 mw ,operating characteristics ,Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade ,HD9502-9502.5 - Abstract
[Introduction] Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power generation technology is a high-efficiency and low-carbon power generation technology. A waste heat boiler is one of the components of IGCC. This paper aims to study the off-design operating characteristics of waste heat boilers and improve the efficiency of integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation technology. [Method] The working principle and heat and mass transfer principle of the waste heat boiler were mainly analyzed by MATLAB software to carry out programming calculations to explore the relationship between feed water temperature, feed water pressure, liquid-phase heat transfer coefficient, gas-phase heat transfer coefficient and heat absorption in waste heat boiler. [Result] The results show that when the liquid-phase heat transfer coefficient is in the range of 200~1 000 W/(m2·K) and the gas-phase heat transfer coefficient is in the range of 20~100 W/(m2·K), as if the feed water temperature increases from 30 ℃ to 100 ℃ or the feed water pressure increases, the heat absorption of the waste heat boiler decreases continuously. In case the feed water temperature is in the range of 30~100 ℃, when the liquid phase heat transfer coefficient increases from 200 W/(m2·K) to 1 000 W/(m2·K) or the gas phase heat transfer coefficient increases from 20 W/(m2·K) to 100 W/(m2·K), the heat absorption of the waste heat boiler increases continuously.[Conclusion] Under the condition that liquid-phase heat transfer coefficient and gas-phase heat transfer coefficient remain unchanged, the feed water temperature or pressure increases, and the heat absorption capacity of the waste heat boiler will decrease; While the feed water temperature and pressure remain unchanged, the liquid-phase heat transfer coefficient or gas-phase heat transfer coefficient increases, and the heat absorption capacity of the waste heat boiler will increase.
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- 2022
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28. Correlates of preschoolers’ screen time in China: parental factors
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Xinyao Wang, Yan Wu, Chunhua Yao, Xiangting Wu, Yuqian Ruan, and Sunyue Ye
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Preschooler ,Screen exposure ,Sedentary behavior ,Early development ,Risk factors ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Background With the advent of the electronic age, the prolonged screen time (ST) of preschoolers in China is relatively high and is on the rise, which is likely to affect preschoolers’ physical and mental health. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing ST in preschoolers, especially the role of parental factors, and to provide a basis for the prevention, control, and intervention of ST in preschoolers in China. Methods A questionnaire was completed by the parents of 1,546 preschoolers from four kindergartens in Pinghu City, Zhejiang Province, China, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlates of excessive ST in preschoolers. Results A total of 43.8% of preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years, of which 50.3% were boys and 49.7% were girls, had > 1 h/day of ST. Older preschoolers, greater screen accessibility, greater frequency of eating in front of a screen, longer ST of parents, and unclear rules of screen-based behavior were the risk factors for ST being > 1 h/day (P
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- 2022
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29. Digitalization, resource misallocation and low-carbon agricultural production: evidence from China
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Yubing Xu, Cuixia Li, Xinyao Wang, and Jingjing Wang
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digitalization ,low-carbon agricultural production ,agricultural capital misallocation ,agricultural labor misallocation ,resource misallocation ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
With the rapid development of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and cloud computing, China’s agricultural production is entering a new era characterized by digitalization. Based on provincial panel data of China from 2013 to 2020, this paper adopts the system GMM and mediating effects model to systematically examine the impact of digitalization on low-carbon agricultural production from the perspective of resource misallocation. The results indicate that digitalization can significantly curb agricultural carbon emissions and thus promote low-carbon agricultural production, and this finding still holds after the robustness test. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that the inhibiting effect of digitalization on agricultural carbon emissions is most pronounced in the eastern region relative to the central and western regions (the regression coefficients are −0.400 and −0.126 respectively). Further mechanism analysis suggests that digitalization can reduce agricultural carbon emissions by correcting the widespread capital and labor misallocation in agricultural factor markets. The findings of this study provide significant policy implications for low-carbon agricultural production in China.
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- 2023
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30. Potential risk of colonization of Bulinus globosus in the mainland of China under climate change
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Xinyao Wang, Saleh Juma, Wei Li, Mchanga Suleman, Mtumweni Ali Muhsin, Jian He, Mingzhen He, Dacheng Xu, Jianfeng Zhang, Robert Bergquist, and Kun Yang
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Bulinus globosus ,Colonization ,Potential distribution ,Geographic information systems ,Climate change ,Schistosoma haematobium ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Bulinus globosus, the main intermediate snail host of Schistosoma haematobium. The increased contacts between Africa and China could even lead to large-scale dissemination of B. globosus in China. Temperature is the key factor affecting fresh-water snail transmission. This study predicted potential risk of colonization of B. globosus in the mainland of China under climate change. Methods We investigated minimum and maximum temperatures for B. globosus eggs, juveniles and adult snails kept under laboratory conditions to find the most suitable range by pinpointing the median effective temperatures (ET50). We also assessed the influence of temperature on spawning and estimated the accumulated temperature (AT). The average air temperatures between 1955 and 2019 in January and July, the coldest and hottest months in China, respectively, were collected from national meteorological monitoring stations and investigated in a geographic information system (GIS) using empirical Bayesian Kriging to evaluate the theoretical possibility for distribution of B. globosus in southern China based on temperature. Results The effective minimum temperature (ET50min) for eggs, juveniles, adult snails and spawning were 8.5, 7.0, 7.0, 14.9 °C, respectively, with the corresponding maximum values (ET50max) of 36.6, 40.5, 40.2 and 38.1 °C. The AT was calculated at 712.1 ± 64.9 °C·d. In 1955, the potential B. globosus distribution would have had a northern boundary stretching from the coastal areas of Guangdong Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region to southern Yunnan Province. Since then, this line has gradually moved northward. Conclusions Annual regeneration of B. globosus can be supported by the current climate conditions in the mainland of China, and a gradual expansion trend from south to north is shown in the study from 2015 to 2019. Thus, there is a potential risk of colonization of B. globosus in the mainland of China under climate change. Graphical Abstract
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- 2022
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31. Analysis of satellite big data requirements in numerical weather prediction
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Hequn YANG, Xiaofeng WANG, Yanqing GAO, Yiwen LU, Bingxin MA, and Xinyao WANG
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numerical weather prediction ,satellite ,big data ,feature variable ,spatiotemporal resolution ,accuracy ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
Multi cooperative satellites can provide multi spectral, multi temporal, multi factor, multi scale and multi-level remote sensing data, which is rich in valuable information for numerical weather prediction (NWP).In order to support earth system seamless fine gridded forecasting service in the future, the application status of satellite observation big data was discussed for numerical weather prediction from the aspects of detection variables, time density, spatial coverage, horizontal and vertical resolution, as well as accuracy and timeliness.At the same time, in order to make satellite big data be highly tolerant with NWP, the challenges and prospects were summarized, such as multi-satellite integrated and consistent processing, all-weather, coupled data assimilation methods, deep integration with artificial intelligence, and interaction between satellite observation and prediction.
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- 2022
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32. A Data-Driven Scheme Based on Sparse Projection Oblique Randomer Forests for Real-Time Dynamic Security Assessment
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Yanfeng Lin and Xinyao Wang
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Dynamic security assessment ,data-driven ,data oversampling ,feature selection ,sparse projection oblique randomer forests ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
With the wide interconnection of power systems and extensive application of phasor measurement units (PMUs), the secure operation of power systems is facing considerable challenges. To satisfy the demand of online dynamic security assessment (DSA) for modern power systems, a data-driven scheme based on sparse projection oblique randomer forests (SPORF) is proposed, which includes offline training, periodic update and online assessment. In the first stage, an improved adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN) method is developed to mitigate the class imbalance problem for the data-driven DSA approach. Then, the SPORF-based DSA model is trained using crucial features with low redundancy selected by a feature selection procedure based on the minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance (MRMR) criterion. In the second stage, the periodic update of the DSA model for unseen system topologies is executed to enhance the robustness of the model. In the third stage, the trained model can provide the DSA result immediately when the real-time operation information of a system is received. The satisfactory performance of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through a series of tests and the comparisons on a 23-bus system and a practical 1648-bus system.
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- 2022
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33. Corrigendum: Comparative proteomics analysis of Schistosoma japonicum developed in different Oncomelania snails as intermediate hosts
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Gongzhen Liu, Feng Miao, Yongbin Wang, Jingxuan Kou, Kun Yang, Wei Li, Chunrong Xiong, Fengjian Zhang, Xinyao Wang, Haoyun Yan, Changyin Wei, Changlei Zhao, and Ge Yan
- Subjects
Schistosoma japonicum (S.japonicum) ,schistosomiasis ,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) ,differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) ,oncomelania hupensis (O.hupensis) ,oncomelania weishan (O.weishan) ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Published
- 2022
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34. Comparative proteomics analysis of Schistosoma japonicum developed in different Oncomelania snails as intermediate hosts
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Gongzhen Liu, Feng Miao, Yongbin Wang, Jingxuan Kou, Kun Yang, Wei Li, Chunrong Xiong, Fengjian Zhang, Xinyao Wang, Haoyun Yan, Changyin Wei, Changlei Zhao, and Ge Yan
- Subjects
Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) ,schistosomiasis ,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) ,differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) ,Oncomelania hupensis (O.hupensis) ,Oncomelania weishan (O.weishan) ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a tropical parasitic disease that seriously endangers humans and animals. In this study, two Oncomelania snails, Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) and Oncomelania weishan (O. weishan), were infected with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) cercariae during the early period, and ICR mice were subsequently infected with two kinds of miracidia that developed in male and female adult worms. In this study, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) were used to identify four channels: 113, 115, 117, and 119. A total of 2364 adult schistosome proteins were identified, and 1901 proteins were quantitative. Our results revealed 68 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in female adult worms, including 24 upregulated proteins and 44 downregulated proteins, and 55 DEPs in male adult worms, including 25 upregulated proteins and 30 downregulated proteins. LC-MS/MS and bioinformatics analysis indicated that these DEPs are mainly concentrated in cellular composition, molecular function, biological function and catabolism pathways. In summary, this proteomics analysis of adult schistosomes that hatched in two intermediate hosts helps to improve our understanding of the growth and developmental mechanisms of S. japonicum.
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- 2022
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35. Does Digital Technology Application Promote Carbon Emission Efficiency in Dairy Farms? Evidence from China
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Chenyang Liu, Xinyao Wang, Ziming Bai, Hongye Wang, and Cuixia Li
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digital technology ,carbon emission efficiency ,Chinese dairy farms ,propensity score matching method ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The implementation of digital technology has become paramount to facilitating green and low-carbon development in dairy farms amidst the advent of digital agriculture and low-carbon agriculture. This study examined the impact of digital technology implementation on the carbon emission efficiency of Chinese dairy farms via an assessment of micro-survey data, incorporating an Undesirable Outputs-SBM model, a Tobit model, the propensity score matching technique, a quantile regression model, and an instrumental variable approach. This study examined the potential moderating influence of environmental regulations on digital technology applications and the carbon emission efficiency of dairy farms. The findings of the research indicate that the implementation of digital technology had a considerable beneficial consequence on the carbon emission proficiency of dairy farms. The statistical significance level of the mean treatment effect was 0.1161, with the most profound influence of precision feeding digital technology on the carbon emission efficiency in dairy farms. The application of digital technology has a more pronounced effect on dairy farms with lower levels of carbon emission efficiency compared to those with medium and high levels of carbon emission efficiency. The application of digital technology toward the carbon emission efficiency of dairy farms is positively moderated by environmental regulations. Finally, this paper puts forward some specific policy recommendations to achieve the strategic goal of low carbon and efficient development in dairy farms through the application of digital technology, which enriches the existing research on carbon emission reduction in dairy farms from theoretical and practical aspects.
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- 2023
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36. Association of HSS score and mechanical alignment after primary TKA of patients suffering from constitutional varus knee that caused by combined deformities: a retrospective study
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Zhifeng Zhang, Wei Chai, Guanghui Zhao, Qida Zhang, Zhenxian Chen, Xinyao Wang, Pingping Wei, Yanwei Zhang, Zhongmin Jin, and Yusheng Qiu
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract For pre-operative osteoarthritis (OA) patients with varus knee, previous studies showed inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted this study to better identify the association of Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score and mechanical alignment. 44 patients (51 knees) with constitutional varus knee caused by combined deformities (LDFA (lateral distal femoral angle) > 90°and MPTA (medial proximal tibial angle)
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- 2021
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37. Diagenesis and Its Impact on the Reservoir Quality of Continental Shales: A Case Study of the Lower Jurassic Da’anzhai Member of the Ziliujing Formation in the Sichuan Basin, China
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Yixiu Zhu, Zezhou Li, Lianbo Zeng, Zhenyu Liu, and Xinyao Wang
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
The Jurassic continental shale oil (gas) is a favorable unconventional resource in the Sichuan Basin of China. In this paper, analysis methods such as core and outcrops observation, thin section identification, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to describe the characteristics of lacustrine fine-grained rock reservoir in Da’anzhai Member of the Ziliujing Formation in Sichuan Basin, and it discussed the influence and control of lacustrine fine-grained rock diagenesis on the quality of the reservoir, in order to determine the shale reservoir control factors. The results show that there are three types of rocks in the Da’anzhai Member, which are mudstone, siltstone, and limestone, and the rock combination of shell shale intercalated with shell limestone is developed in the Da 2 submember. Fine-grained sedimentary rocks in this section have undergone compaction, cementation, dissolution, metasomatism, transformation of clay minerals, and hydrocarbon generation of organic matter, which are currently in the middle diagenetic stage A or B substage. Compaction and cementation are the main factors that control the physical use of shale and limestone, and strong cementation is the main reason for the tightness of limestone reservoirs in the Da’anzhai Member in the northern and eastern parts of Sichuan Basin. The difference between dissolution and cementation is the main control factor for the formation of limestone or argillaceous limestone reservoirs in the same section in central Sichuan Basin. The organic-rich shale and shell shale of the Yuanba and Fuling area are the most favorable reservoirs of the Ziliujing Formation in this region. The shell limestone that experienced favorable dissolution in the Da’anzhai Member in the central of the Sichuan Basin has become a limestone reservoir. Discussing the impact of continental fine-grained rock diagenesis on the reservoir can better explore and develop similar intervals, enrich unconventional shale oil and gas accumulation and storage theories, and provide basic theoretical support for finding favorable unconventional shale oil and gas reservoirs.
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- 2022
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38. Land Surface Greening and CO2 Fertilization More than Offset the Gross Carbon Sequestration Decline Caused by Land Cover Change and the Enhanced Vapour Pressure Deficit in Europe
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Qiaoli Wu, Xinyao Wang, Shaoyuan Chen, Li Wang, and Jie Jiang
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gross primary production (GPP) ,Farquhar GPP model (FGM) ,Europe ,land surface greening ,climate change ,land use and land cover change (LULCC) ,Science - Abstract
Satellite observations have revealed strong land surface “greening” (i.e., increases in vegetation greenness or leaf area index (LAI)) in the Northern Hemisphere over the past few decades. European terrestrial ecosystems are a greening hotspot, but how they respond to land surface greening, climate change, CO2 fertilization, land use and land cover change (LULCC) and other factors is unclear. Here, we assessed how these interacting factors might be combined to alter terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) throughout Europe during the period of 2001 to 2016 using a process-based Farquhar GPP model (i.e., FGM). We found a more productive European terrestrial ecosystem and most of the GPP enhancement in Europe was explained by increases in LAI (62%) and atmospheric CO2 concentration (29%). Spatially, the spatial signature of the LAI and GPP trends both suggested widespread (72–73% of the vegetated area) greening phenomena across Europe, among which 23.7% and 13.3% were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The interannual trend of GPP estimated by the FGM (0.55% yr−1) was reasonable compared with other GPP products (0.47% yr−1 to 0.92% yr−1) and the observed LAI increasing rate (0.62% yr−1). FGM factorial simulations suggested that land surface greening (+35.5 Pg C yr−2, p < 0.01), CO2 fertilization (+16.9 Pg C yr−2, p < 0.01), temperature warming (+3.7 Pg C yr−2, p < 0.05), and enhanced downwards solar radiation (+1.2 Pg C yr−2, p > 0.05) contributed to the GPP enhancement, while the enhanced vapour pressure deficit (−5.6 Tg C yr−2, p < 0.01) had significant negative impacts on GPP, especially in 2006 and 2012, when extreme droughts struck south-eastern Europe. Meanwhile, approximately 1.8% of the total area of Europe experienced LULCC from 2001 to 2016 and LULCC exerted a small but significant (−1.3 Tg C yr−2, p < 0.01) impact on GPP due to decreases in the total number of vegetated pixels (−159 pixels yr−1). Although the LULCC effect was negative, the largest increase occurred in forested land (+0.9% of total area). In addition, the increasing trends for the annual mean LAI (0.01 m2 m−2 yr−1, p < 0.001) and total GPP (22.2 Tg C yr−2, p < 0.001) of forests were more significant and higher than those of other vegetation types, suggesting that European forests may continue to play important roles in combating climate change in the future with long-lasting carbon storage potential. These results provide the first systematic quantitative analysis of the driving force of enhanced gross carbon assimilation by European ecosystems by considering variations in leaf physiological traits with environmental adaptations.
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- 2023
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39. The Indispensability of Snail Control for Accelerating Schistosomiasis Elimination: Evidence from Zanzibar
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Mtumweni Ali Muhsin, Xinyao Wang, Fatma Mohammed Kabole, January Zilabumba, and Kun Yang
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Schistosoma haematobium ,mass drug administration (MDA) ,snail control ,Zanzibar ,joinpoint regression model (JRM) ,Medicine - Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a serious and neglected global tropical disease, affecting upwards of 230 million people, with more than 95% of infections concentrated in Africa. For many years, the main schistosomiasis control strategy in Africa focused on mass drug administration (MDA). The aim of this study was to compare the difference between MDA alone and alongside another intervention, namely snail control, by exploring effective measures for eliminating schistosomiasis. Retrospective data of human prevalence on Schistosoma haematobium and major control measures were collected from the China-Zanzibar-WHO Cooperation Project for Schistosomiasis Elimination (CZW) and the Zanzibar Elimination of Schistosomiasis Transmission (ZEST) project since 2012. The optimal order polynomial regression fitting model and joinpoint regression model (JRM) were used to analyze trends in schistosomiasis prevalence and the consistency of change points with strengthening of the control measures. In Unguja Island, the main control measure was MDA, and prevalence decreased to a nadir in 2019, and then rebounded. The R2 value of the optimal fitting model was 0.6641. There was a single JRM changepoint in 2019, the annual percent change (APC) was −19.3% (p < 0.05) from 2012 to 2019, and the APC was 59.7% (p > 0.05) from 2019 to 2021. In Pemba Island, the main control measures until 2016 was MDA, while integrated measures of MDA and snail control were implemented from 2017, the prevalence continuously decreased, and the R2 value was 0.8673. There was also a single JRM changepoint in 2017, the APC was −22.2% (p < 0.05) from 2012 to 2017, and was maintained at −8.6% (p > 0.05) from 2017 to 2021. Our data indicate that, while it is challenging to eliminate schistosomiasis by MDA alone, integrated measures, including both MDA and snail control, can prevent reinfection and help to eliminate the diseases in Africa.
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- 2022
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40. Preparing Co/N-Doped Carbon as Electrocatalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction via the Ancient 'Pharaoh’s Snakes' Reaction
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Jian Gao, Mengxin Zhou, Xinyao Wang, Hong Wang, Zhen Yin, Xiaoyao Tan, and Yuan Li
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oxygen reduction reaction ,non-precious metal catalyst ,Pharaoh’s snakes ,electrocatalysts ,Li-air battery ,Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations ,TK1001-1841 ,Industrial electrochemistry ,TP250-261 - Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of great importance for clean energy storage and conversion techniques such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries (MABs). However, the ORR is kinetically sluggish, and expensive noble metal catalysts are required. The high price and limited preservation of noble metal catalysts has largely hindered the wide application of clean power sources such as fuel cells and MABs. Therefore, it is important to prepare non-expensive metal catalysts (NPMC) to cut the price of the fuel cells and MABs for wide application. Here, we report the preparation of a Co3O4 carried on the N-doped carbon (Co/N-C) as the ORR NPMC with a facile Pharaoh’s Snakes reaction. The gas generated during the reaction is able to fabricate the porous structure of the resultant carbon doped with heteroatoms such as Co and N. The catalyst provides a high electrocatalytic activity towards ORR via the 4-e pathway with an onset and half-wave potential of 0.98 and 0.79 V (vs. RHE), respectively, in an electrolyte of 0.1 M KOH. The onset and half-wave potentials are close to those of the commercial Pt/C. This work demonstrates the promising potential of an ancient technology for preparing NPMCs toward the ORR.
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- 2022
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41. Discoloration Investigations of Yellow Lantern Pepper Sauce (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum: Effect of Carotenoids and Physiochemical Indices
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Mengjuan Chen, Xinyao Wang, Yang Liu, Pao Li, Rongrong Wang, and Liwen Jiang
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yellow lantern pepper sauce ,discoloration ,carotenoids ,physiochemical indices ,fermentation ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Color is one of the important indicators affecting the quality of fermented pepper sauces, and it is closely related to carotenoid composition. This study systematically analyzed the changes in carotenoids and related physiochemical indices during the fermentation of yellow lantern pepper sauce. The CIELab color values indicated that L* and C* displayed a significant decreasing trend during fermentation. After 35 days of fermentation, the total carotenoid content significantly reduced from 3446.36 to 1556.50 μg/g DW (p < 0.05), and the degradation rate was 54.84%. Among them, the total content of carotene decreased by 56.03% during fermentation, whereas the degradation rate of xanthophylls and their esters was 44.47%. According to correlation analysis, violaxanthin myristate and lutein played a pivotal role in L*, a *, b *, chroma (C*), and yellowness index (YI). Moreover, PCA analysis indicated that lactic acid and acetic acid were the important qualities affecting the stability of pigment in fermented yellow lantern pepper sauce, which might also be the inducement of the color change. This work gives additional information concerning the discoloration of yellow lantern pepper sauce during fermentation and provides theory evidence regulating and improving the sensory qualities of yellow lantern pepper sauce.
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- 2022
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42. Filtered Convolution for Synthetic Aperture Radar Images Ship Detection
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Luyang Zhang, Haitao Wang, Lingfeng Wang, Chunhong Pan, Chunlei Huo, Qiang Liu, and Xinyao Wang
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synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ,remote sensing image ship detection ,filter convolution ,coherent speckle noise ,local weight ,Science - Abstract
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image ship detection is currently a research hotspot in the field of national defense science and technology. However, SAR images contain a large amount of coherent speckle noise, which poses significant challenges in the task of ship detection. To address this issue, we propose filter convolution, a novel design that replaces the traditional convolution layer and suppresses coherent speckle noise while extracting features. Specifically, the convolution kernel of the filter convolution comes from the input and is generated by two modules: the kernel-generation module and local weight generation module. The kernel-generation module is a dynamic structure that generates dynamic convolution kernels using input image or feature information. The local weight generation module is based on the statistical characteristics of the input images or features and is used to generate local weights. The introduction of local weights allows the extracted features to contain more local characteristic information, which is conducive to ship detection in SAR images. In addition, we proved that the fusion of the proposed kernel-generation module and the local weight module can suppress coherent speckle noise in the SAR image. The experimental results show the excellent performance of our method on a large-scale SAR ship detection dataset-v1.0 (LS-SSDD-v1.0). It also achieved state-of-the-art performance on a high-resolution SAR image dataset (HRSID), which confirmed its applicability.
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- 2022
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43. Identifying the Determinants of Distribution of Oncomelania hupensis Based on Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression Model along the Yangtze River in China
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Zhe Wang, Lu Liu, Liang Shi, Xinyao Wang, Jianfeng Zhang, Wei Li, and Kun Yang
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Oncomelania hupensis ,heterogeneity ,spatial autocorrelation ,geographical and temporal weighted regression ,Yangtze River ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: As the unique intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, the geographical distribution of Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) is an important index in the schistosomiasis surveillance system. This study comprehensively analyzed the pattern of snail distribution along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province and identified the dynamic determinants of the distribution of O. hupensis. Methods: Snail data from 2017 to 2021 in three cities (Nanjing, Zhenjiang, and Yangzhou) along the Yangtze River were obtained from the annual cross-sectional survey produced by the Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases. Spatial autocorrelation and hot-spot analysis were implemented to detect the spatio–temporal dynamics of O. hupensis distribution. Furthermore, 12 factors were used as independent variables to construct an ordinary least squares (OLS) model, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, and a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model to identify the determinants of the distribution of O. hupensis. The adjusted coefficients of determination (adjusted R2, AICc, RSS) were used to evaluate the performance of the models. Results: In general, the distribution of O. hupensis had significant spatial aggregation in the past five years, and the density of O. hupensis increased eastwards in the Jiangsu section of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Relatively speaking, the distribution of O. hupensis wase spatially clustered from 2017 to 2021, that is, it was found that the border between Yangzhou and Zhenjiang was the high density agglomeration area of O. hupensis snails. According to the GTWR model, the density of O. hupensis was related to the normalized difference vegetation index, wetness, dryness, land surface temperature, elevation, slope, and distance to nearest river, which had a good explanatory power for the snail data in Yangzhou City (adjusted R2 = 0.7039, AICc = 29.10, RSS = 6.81). Conclusions: The distribution of O. hupensis and the environmental factors in the Jiangsu section of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River had significant spatial aggregation. In different areas, the determinants affecting the distribution of O. hupensis were different, which could provide a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of O. hupensis. A GTWR model was prepared and used to identify the dynamic determinants for the distribution of O. hupensis and contribute to the national programs of control of schistosomiasis and other snail-borne diseases.
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- 2022
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44. Current Situation and Optimization Countermeasures of Cotton Subsidy in China Based on WTO Rules
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Xinyao Wang, Dan Li, and Yue Yu
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WTO rules ,cotton subsidies ,optimization countermeasures ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Cotton plays an important role in China’s agricultural production structure and international trade; therefore, China has implemented a variety of cotton subsidy policies. Since China joined the WTO in 2001, WTO rules have become substantive constraints on its agricultural subsidy policy. Therefore, in order to prevent appeal cases of China’s cotton subsidy, in this article, we investigate the current situation and optimization countermeasures with respect to China’s cotton subsidies based on WTO rules. According to calculation of the level of China’s cotton subsidy support under WTO rules, it currently exceeds 8.5% of the cotton production value. Secondly, we estimate the change in cotton subsidy effect when the support level of China’s cotton subsidy policy is directly reduced to 8.5%; the results show that such a reduction would have a considerable impact on the production scale. However, due to the constraints of the political and economic goals of cotton subsidies, the Chinese government can only “box shift” subsidies by changing the subsidy method and object in order to comply with WTO rules. Finally, from the perspective of how to use cotton subsidies to improve the efficiency of production factors, the Chinese government should focus on optimizing the cotton subsidy policy according to three aspects: improving the Amber Box subsidies, expanding the Green Box subsidies and increasing the Blue Box subsidies so as to maintain the existing level of cotton subsidy support.
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- 2022
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45. Layer Orientation Effect on Fracture Mode and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Continental Shale
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Xinyao Wang, Quanchen Gao, and Xiao Li
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continental shale ,Brazilian test ,layer orientation ,fracture mode ,fracture mechanism ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Based on the Brazilian tests of continental shale with different layer orientations, combined with AE monitoring, the influence of layer orientation on the anisotropy of mechanical properties, fracture mode, and fracture mechanism of continental shale was analyzed. The results show that the tensile strength and deformation at the peak stress decrease with the increase of layer orientation at a constant deformation loading rate of 0.06mm/min, and the splitting modulus decreases first and then increases. The tensile strength was 90° > 60° > 45° > 30° > 0°, and the maximum and minimum tensile strengths were 5.154 MPa and 0.669 MPa, respectively. Under the action of splitting load, the samples with 30°, 45°, and 60° layer orientations mainly undergo shear failure along the layer orientation, while the samples with 0° and 90° layer orientations undergo tensile failure. In addition, the crack propagation in the 0° and 30° samples penetrated the bedding. These characteristics have important reference significance for the study of the mechanism of hydraulic fracture communication, propagation, and activation of structural planes.
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- 2022
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46. Anthocyanin Protects Cardiac Function and Cardiac Fibroblasts From High-Glucose Induced Inflammation and Myocardial Fibrosis by Inhibiting IL-17
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Er Yue, Yahan Yu, Xinyao Wang, Bing Liu, Yunlong Bai, and Baofeng Yang
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anthocyanin ,diabetic cardiomyopathy ,IL-17 ,inflammation ,myocardial fibrosis ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the major causes of death in diabetic patients. Its pathogenesis involves inflammation and fibrosis that damages the heart tissue and impairs cardiac function. Interleukin (IL)-17, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in a variety of chronic inflammatory processes can serve as an attractive therapeutic target. Anthocyanin, a water-soluble natural pigment, possesses impressive anti-inflammatory activity. However, its role in DCM is unclear. Hence, we investigated the protective effect of anthocyanin on the cardiovascular complications of diabetes using a mouse type 1 diabetes mellitus model induced by streptozotocin. Cardiac function and structural alterations in diabetic mice were tested by echocardiography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson trichrome staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the distribution and deposition of IL-17 and collagen I and III from the left ventricular tissues of diabetic mice. Cell viability was measured using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Protein levels of IL-17, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-17 and collagen I and III were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence, and their mRNA levels were quantified using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. We observed that anthocyanin lowered blood glucose, improved cardiac function, and alleviated inflammation and fibrosis in the heart tissue of diabetic mice. Meanwhile, anthocyanin reduced the expression of IL-17 in high-glucose-treated cardiac fibroblasts and exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect. Deposition of collagen I and III was also decreased by anthocyanin, suggesting that anthocyanin contributes to alleviating myocardial fibrosis. In summary, anthocyanin could protect cardiac function and inhibit IL-17-related inflammation and fibrosis, which indicates its therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetes mellitus-related complications.
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- 2021
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47. Laboratory Study on the Effect of Fluid Pressurization Rate on Fracture Instability
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Xinyao Wang, Quanchen Gao, Xiao Li, and Dianzhu Liu
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Fluid injection-induced earthquakes have been a scientific and social issue of wide concern, and fluid pressurization rate may be an important inducement. Therefore, a series of stepwise and conventional injection-induced shear tests were carried out under different fluid pressurization rates and effective normal stresses. The results show that the magnitude of fluid pressure is the main factor controlling the initiation of fracture slipping. The contribution of fluid pressure heterogeneity and permeability evolution on the initiation of fracture slipping is different with the increase of fluid pressurization rate. When the fluid pressurization rate is small, permeability evolution plays a dominant role. On the contrary, the fluid pressure heterogeneity plays a dominant role. The increase of fluid pressurization rate may lead to the transition from creep slip mode to slow stick-slip mode. Under the laboratory scale, the fluid pressure heterogeneity causes the coulomb failure stress to increase by about one times than the predicted value at the initiation of fracture slipping, and the coulomb stress increment threshold of 1.65 MPa is disadvantageous to the fracture stability.
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- 2021
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48. Green Synthesis of ZnO/BC Nanohybrid for Fast and Sensitive Detection of Bisphenol A in Water
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Jiafeng Hu, Dongpeng Mao, Penghu Duan, Kelan Li, Yuqing Lin, Xinyao Wang, and Yunxian Piao
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biochar ,zinc oxide ,bisphenol A ,electrochemical sensor ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
A nanohybrid of zinc oxide and biochar (ZnO/BC) with high conductivity was green synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method, and utilized for the sensitive detection of bisphenol A (BPA) by coating the nanohybrid film on an electrode of glassy carbon. The ZnO/BC presented greatly improved electrocatalytic performance and electron transfer ability compared to the zinc oxide and biochar. The ZnO/BC film-coated electrode could detect the BPA in aqueous solution within 3 min while neglected interference from higher concentrations of regularly existing ions and similar concentrations of estradiol (E2), phenol, dichlorophenol (DCP), and ethinylestradiol (EE2). Under optimal conditions, the linear range of BPA detection was 5 × 10−7~1 × 10−4 mol/L, with a detection limit of 1 × 10−7 mol/L, and the detection sensitivity was 92 mA/M. In addition, the ZnO/BC electrode could detect BPA in a real water sample with good signal recovery. This electrode, with the advantages of an easy preparation, low cost, and fast response time, could be potentially applicable for environmental monitoring.
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- 2022
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49. Constraint Loss for Rotated Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images
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Luyang Zhang, Haitao Wang, Lingfeng Wang, Chunhong Pan, Qiang Liu, and Xinyao Wang
- Subjects
rotated object detection ,remote sensing image ,loss functions ,fast convergence ,Science - Abstract
Rotated object detection is an extension of object detection that uses an oriented bounding box instead of a general horizontal bounding box to define the object position. It is widely used in remote sensing images, scene text, and license plate recognition. The existing rotated object detection methods usually add an angle prediction channel in the bounding box prediction branch, and smooth L1 loss is used as the regression loss function. However, we argue that smooth L1 loss causes a sudden change in loss and slow convergence due to the angle solving mechanism of open CV (the angle between the horizontal line and the first side of the bounding box in the counter-clockwise direction is defined as the rotation angle), and this problem exists in most existing regression loss functions. To solve the above problems, we propose a decoupling modulation mechanism to overcome the problem of sudden changes in loss. On this basis, we also proposed a constraint mechanism, the purpose of which is to accelerate the convergence of the network and ensure optimization toward the ideal direction. In addition, the proposed decoupling modulation mechanism and constraint mechanism can be integrated into the popular regression loss function individually or together, which further improves the performance of the model and makes the model converge faster. The experimental results show that our method achieves 75.2% performance on the aerial image dataset DOTA (OBB task), and saves more than 30% of computing resources. The method also achieves a state-of-the-art performance in HRSC2016, and saved more than 40% of computing resources, which confirms the applicability of the approach.
- Published
- 2021
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