Search

The root of Angelica sinensis, has been commonly used in gynecology for centuries, and is normally applied divided into different parts in various clinical applications. At present, the majority of existing studies focus on the volatile oil and ferulic acid extracted from different parts of A. sinensis, but there is a dearth of scientific information on its water-soluble polysaccharides.The structures of polysaccharides from plants, have been reported contributing to multiple pharmacological activities such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and liver protection. Therefore, the focus of this study was on its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, which would be based on the various polysaccharides with distinct structures obtained from different parts of the A. sinensis root.Four parts of A. sinensis root were separated according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: head, body, tail and whole body. Crude polysaccharides were obtained by water extraction and ethanol precipitation method, and were further fractionated by DEAE Sepharose chromatographic column and gel filtration. The comparison of ASPs from different root parts were performed, including chemical compositions determined by colorimetric analysis, monosaccharide compositions measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), glycosidic linkage units determined by methylation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), organic functional groups determined by FT-IR, molecular weight (Mw) demarcated by gel permeation chromatography, and the viscosities and solubilities were measured according to method published in the previous report with minor modification. In vitro biological activities of APSs were compared on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress models on IPEC-J2 cells.Four purified polysaccharides, ASP-H-AP, ASP-B-AP, ASP-T-AP and ASP-Hb-AP from the root of A. sinensis, were obtained, and consisted of various contents of protein and the polyphenol. They were possibly pectic polysaccharides with a long homogalacturonan region as the main backbone and ramified with rhamnogalacturonan I region, but they were differed by subregions and the relative contents of glycosidic units. The Mw of four pectic polysaccharides were ranged from 67.9-267.7 kDa. The infrared spectrum also showed that the four polysaccharide fractions contained the characteristic peaks of polysaccharides. Their distinct primary structure could lead to a variety of biological activities. In vitro biological assays suggested that four polysaccharide fractions can protect IPEC-J2 cells against the LPS-induced inflammation by down-regulating inflammation factors and related genes on IPEC-J2 cells. These polysaccharides also could alleviate oxidative stress on IPEC-J2 cells by up-regulating the gene and protein expressions of antioxidant enzymes. It was concluded that ASP-H-AP possessed better anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, while those of ASP-T-AP was relatively poor among the four polysaccharide fractions.All results indicated that the structure of pectic polysaccharides from different root parts of A. sinensis differed, which lead to their distinct anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. This may also be one of the factors why different parts of A. sinensis showed various pharmacological activities and applied independently in traditional use. In addition, it would be valuable for further studies on structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides obtained by different root parts of A. sinensis.

The investment casting defects in a turbine nozzle with size of φ 331mm and thickness 0.7 mm and the number of vanes of 31 have been studied in two aspects, which were the porosity of the turbine nozzle’s inner cone and the cracks of the turbine nozzle’s vanes. ProCAST software was used to analyze the nozzle’s solidification process. A suitable gating system was used to solve porosity issues effectively by changing local thickness and improving solidification conditions. The crack on the nozzle’s vanes was studied and a kind of grain refiner was used to solve crack issues by improving shell strength. In order to manufacture castings with high metallurgical quality and meet the design and use demands, a reasonable gating system and a moderate shell process were used.

To study the effect of physicochemical characteristics of soil on Panax notoginseng agronomic character, in order to offer the theory for selecting an appropriate soil to cultivate Panax notoginseng, and to build the production bases.To test and analyze Panax notoginseng agronomic character, to analyze the form of layered soil particles, p H value and soil fertility. At the same time, the analysis of Panax notoginseng plant height, leaf number, the length of taproot, the width of taproot, stem diameter, the width of residual part of stem, rootlet number, root fresh and dry weight and drying rate were carried out.Panax notoginseng agronomic character had a large difference. The length of roots, the width of roots and a large number of rootlets had a promoting effect on accumulating biological yield. Nevertheless, the numbers of branches had no obvious impact on accumulating biological yield. Most of soil texture were silty clay or light clay of silty clay. Physical clay and coarse silt could promote the growth of Panax notoginseng. Sand grain had significant effect on Panax notoginseng growth. A reasonable use of nitrogenous fertilizer had a prominent promoting effect on the width of the medicine’s root. In fact, the use of phosphorus potassium also had a great impact on Panax notoginseng growth.Panax notoginseng should be planted on the light clay which are loose and can irrigate and drain conveniently and contains many silty. The heavy clay soil which are defective aeration and contain cosmid has a bad influence of the growth of Panax notoginseng. It will cause a decrease of the yield of medicinal materials. Using nitrogenous fertilizer aptly also is an effective way to improve the quality and yield of Panax notoginseng.

To study the difference in yield and quality of Gentiana crassicaulis with different transplanting period and transplanting methods, and to determine the optimum transplanting technique of Gentiana crassicaulis in Ludian.The variation in fresh weight,dry weight,dry discount rate, length, diameter, branches,the content of gentiopicroside,loganin acid,alcohol-soluble extract, total ash were measured, and made a comprehensive evaluation of yield and quality by gray relational distance ideal comprehensive evaluation method.There was a big difference in yield and quality of Gentiana crassicaulis with different transplanting time and transplanting methods. Gentiana crassicaulis were transplanted in March 10 with the density of 25 cm × 24 cm,and overburden 1 cm and flat transplanting had the best comprehensive evaluation of yield and quality.The transplanting time of Gentiana crassicaulis in Ludian should begin at the end of early March,and reduce overburden soil on the traditional transplanting methods.

To study the effect of transplanting time on growth, dry matter accumulation and distribution,and yield of Ligusticum chuanxiong,in order to provide theoretical and practical basis for the choice of cultivation methods.Ligusticum chuanxiong which planted in Pengshan were used as materials, and rearched in the field plot experiment. By the single factor randomized block design, the effects on growth development,dry matter accumulation and distribution of different periods of Ligusticum chuanxiong were analyzed.Transplanting time has an important influence on the development of Ligusticum chuanxiong after lodging, and the lodging time was positively related to transplanting time; dry matter translocated to the underground part in January of the second year, and the dry matter translocated to the aerial parts in February, the dry matter secondary translocated to the underground part during March and April.Transplanting time affects the growth of Ligusticum chuanxiong,and affects the accumulation and distribution of every dry matter during the process of growth. Ligusticum chuanxiong transplant on August 31,and distribute more manure to improve the growth of aerial parts in the early stages,and spread additional manure to improve the growth of root stock at second year in shoot growth period,which can make a good harvest.

To study the effect of phosphorus( P) and potassium( K) fertilization on four iridoids in axial and lateral root of Gentiana crassicaulis.Field experiment was conducted based on phosphorus and potassium,and the content of four iridoids was analyzed in the axial and lateral root of Gentiana crassicaulis.Despite of different proportion of phosphorus and potassium,the content of four iridoids in axial root was always higher than that in the lateral root, and under normal fertilizer condition, the content of axial and lateral root was 12. 36% and 9. 84%, respectively. On the condition of phosphorus and potassium fertilization, the content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid were higher than that of the swertiamarin and sweroside both in the axial and lateral root. And the difference of the two parts could be increased by high potassium with appropriate phosphorus application.The four iridoids were more likely to accumulate in the axial root of Gentiana crassicaulis, and phosphorus and potassium fertilization, only affected the different degrees on the content of ingredients among two parts. Thus, more attention should be paid to the use of phosphorus and potassium fertilization, and the difference of the active ingredient content in the axial and lateral root of Gentiana crassicaulis.

Based on previous studies about microflora regulation and immunity enhancement activities of polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf.) L. T. Shen (CPP), there is little study on intestinal mucosal immunity, which is a possible medium for contacting microflora and immunity. In the present study, the BALB/c mice were divided into five groups (eight mice in each group), including a normal group (Con), a model control group (Model), and model groups that were administered CPP (50, 100, 200 mg/kg/d) orally each day for seven days after intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg BW/d cyclophosphamide (CP) for three days. CPP recovered the spleen index and restored the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, as well as serum IgG. In addition, it elevated ileum secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), the number of Lactobacillus and acetic acid content in cecum. These results indicated that CPP plays an important role in the protection against immunosuppression, especially mucosa immune damage, and the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria colonization, which could be considered a potential natural source of immunoregulator.

Objective To analyze the essential oils from flowers, leaves, stems, roots, and fruits of Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri Chinensis). Methods We extracted essential oils from different parts of Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri Chinensis) using a steam distillation method. The essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Data were collected in full scan mode (m/z 60–600). Volatile components were identified based on their retention indices and by comparing their mass spectra with those in the National Institute of Standards and Technology 2005 database, assisted by tandem mass spectrometry information. The relative content of each constituent was determined by area normalization. Results We identified 111 components, of which 12 were common to all 5 parts, 30 were found only in roots, 14 were found only in flowers, 6 were found only in leaves, 4 were found only in stems, and 17 were found only in fruits. Conclusion Our results show that the stems, flowers, leaves, and fruits of Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri Chinensis) contain a high concentration of essential oils, and that the exact composition of the essential oils differs among the plant parts. To develop new medicines and make full use of the Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri Chinensis) resource, it is important to characterize the essential oils from different parts of the plant. In future research, it will be important to determine the pharmacological effects of the various components and the essential oil mixtures.

A new directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy DZ24, which is a modification of K24 alloy without rare and expensive elemental additions, such as Ta and Hf, was studied in this paper. The microstructure and stress rupture properties of conventionally cast and directionally solidified superalloys were comparatively analyzed. It is indicated that the microstructure of K24 alloy is composed of γ, γ′, γ/γ′ eutectics and MC carbides. Compared with the microstructure of K24 polycrystalline alloy, γ/γ′ eutectic completely dissolves into the γ matrix, the fine and regular γ′ phase reprecipitates, and MC carbides decompose to M6C/M23C6 carbides after heat treatment in DZ24 alloy. The rupture life of DZ24 alloy is two times longer than that of K24 alloy. The more homogeneous the size of γ′ precipitate, the longer the rupture life. The coarsening and rafting behaviors of γ′ precipitates are observed in DZ24 alloy after the stress-rupture test.

To study the effects of different N, P, K and organic fertilizer (OF) on yield of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome, in order to provide the theoretical foundation for the establishment of standardization cultivation techniques.The field plot experiments used Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome which planted in Pengshan as material, and were studied by the four factors and five levels with quadratic regression rotation-orthogonal combination design. According to the data obtained, a function model which could predict the fertilization and yield of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome accurately was established.The model analysis showed that the yields of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome were significantly influenced by the N, P, K and OF applications. Among these factors, the order of increase rates by the fertilizers was KOFNP; The effect of interaction between N and K, N and OF, K and OF on the yield of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome were significantly different. High levels of N and P, N and organic fertilizer, K and organic fertilizer were conducive to improve the yield of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome. The results showed that the optimal fertilizer application rates of N was 148.20 - 172.28 kg/hm2, P was 511.92 - 599.40 kg/hm2, K was 249.70 - 282.37 kg/hm2, and OF was 940.00 - 1 104.00 kg/hm2.N, P, K and OF obviously affect the yield of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome. K and OF can significantly increase the yield of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome. Thus it is suggested that properly high mount of K and OF and appropriate increasing N are two favorable factors for cultivating Ligusticum chuanxiong.

To study the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil and their influence on appearance characters of semi-natural cultivated Codonopsis pilosula root.The comprehensive methods by combining outdoor investigating with indoor analyzing were applied. Rhizosphere soil samples and plant materials were collected from 35 collection points, the physicochemical properties of soil and the appearance characters of plant materials were investigated.The physical property of rhizosphere soil under semi-natural cultivated condition was good, the soil texture was coarse powder of loam, slightly alkaline. The cultivated layer contained abundant nutrient components, the average organic matter content of 35 soil samples was 60.66 g/kg,and 2.99 g/kg for total nitrogen, 115.46 mg/g for available nitrogen, 0.8 g/kg for total phosphorus, 6.43 mg/kg for available phosphorus, 23.69 g/kg for total potassium and 124.48 mg/kg for available potassium, respectively. The result of correlation analysis indicated that the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil had significant influence on the appearance characters of Codonopsis pilosula root.The semi-natural cultivated model can maintain the structure of soil and hold nutrient components, it is conducive to the growth of Codonopsis pilosula and the standardized production base establishment. To increase the yield of Codonopsis pilosula root, it is recommended to increase the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer.

To find the best fertilizer formula of yield-quality-fertilizer effect, and to establish a new comprehensive evaluation-fertilizer effect method.Grey related degree analysis and DTOPSIS method were combined to comprehensive evaluate the 11 indexes of 14 fertilizer formulas of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, in order to explore the best dosage and ratio.The fertilizer requirements of the factors which contribute to the yield and quality of Gentiana crassicaulis were different and the most appropriate rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were 21.49~42.03 kg/667 m2, 49.53~65.75 kg/667 m2 and 26.34~ 42.97 kg/667 m2, respectively.The fertilizer formula in this study can be widely used in the standardized plantation of Gentiana crassicaulis.

To study the effects of combined N, P, K and micronutrient fertilizers on the yield of Alisma orientalis tuber, and to optimize the fertilizer application rate.Four factors five levels quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design was used. A function was established on nitrogen, phosphor, potassium and microelement fertilizer application rate with the yield of Alisma orientalis tuber.The established mathematical model was of high reliability for prediction with quadratic regression equation of R2 = 0. 8980. The order of increasing Alisma orientalis tuber yield was nitrogenmicronutrient fertilizerpotassiumphosphor. The results of the frequency analysis showed that for the target yield over 8 250 kg/hm2 and the confidence interval of 95%, the optimal fertilizer application rates were as follows :nitrogen of 241. 45 - 283. 55 kg/hm2, phosphor of 81. 14 - 208. 44 kg/hm2, potassium of 95. 57 - 239. 42 kg/hm2, and zinc fertilizer of 14. 32 - 16. 18 kg/hm2, boron fertilizer of 18. 84 - 19. 86 kg/hm2, and molybdenum fertilizer of 0. 151 -0. 159 kg/hm2 in micronutrient fertilizer.Nitrogen is related to the growth of Alisma orientalis, potassium promotes tuber bulking, micronutrient fertilizer consisted of zinc, boron and molybdenum fertilizer promotes Alisma orientalis growth and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphor and potassium. Moderate application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, boron and molybdenum fertilizer can promote Alisma orientalis tuber yield. The nitrogen has the best effect.

K465 superalloy, as a material for production of turbine nozzle, shows high mechanical properties as well as microstructure stability under critical and severe service conditions. The appropriate microstructure and strength of this alloy can be obtained by solid solution strengthening mechanism. Heat treatment parameters such as time and temperature of homogenization, partial solution and aging temperatures, and cooling rate from solid solution temperature affect the microstructure of the alloy. Among these parameters, cooling rate from solid solution temperature is the most effective. Therefore, the effect of cooling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties (tensile and stress properties) was investigated. For this purpose, three different cooling rates were applied to the cast K465 specimens subjected to solution treatment at 1 483 K for 4 h. Microstructures of the specimens then were studied using optical and electron microscopy. Also, tensile tests were performed at room temperature and stress rupture tests were performed under the condition of 1 248 K and 230 MPa. It was found that with increasing the cooling rate, the size of the γ′ precipitates decreases and the mechanical properties of specimens increases. Also, it was found that the shape and volume fraction of primary γ′ particles are largely influenced by the cooling rate after solution treatment at 1 483 K for 4 h.

The cast structure of a K465 nickel-based superalloy with different temperatures of melt superheating treatment was studied. It is shown that melt superheating treatment plays a significant role in the grain size and carbide morphology. With increasing melt superheating temperature (below 2023 K), the grain size increases obviously and the carbide morphology is changed from a blocky to a script-like shape. However, when the melt superheating temperature is between 2023 K and 2123 K, the grain size decreases gradually, and the morphology of the MC carbide changes back to the blocky appearance. The content of W is also influenced by melt superheating treatment.

In order to optimize the base fertilizer dosage and root size of Gentiana crassicaulis in Ludian,Yulong, Yunnan,the differences in yield and quality of Gentiana crassicaulis caused by different base fertilizer dosage and root size were investigated.The variation in fresh weight, dry weight, drying rate, length, diameter, branches as well as the contents of gentiopicroside, loganin acid, alcohol-soluble extract and total ash were determined. The ideal distance grey relational degree comprehensive evaluation method was applied to make a comprehensive evaluation on the quality and yield of Gentiana crassicaulis.There were big differences in yield and quality of Gentiana crassicaulis among different base fertilizer dosage and root size. 2 000 kg/667 m2 of manure, 20 kg/667 m2 of superphosphate, 100 kg/667 m2 of plant ash and mix size of transplanting roots showed the best comprehensive quality and the highest yield.2 000 kg/667 m2 of manure, 20 kg/667 m2 of superphosphate,100 kg/667 m2 of plant ash, high quality transplanting roots and stagger certain depth to transplant are highly recommended to produce high quality and high yield of Gentiana crassicaulis in Ludian, Yulong, Yunnan.

The paper is aimed to study the difference in yield and quality at different harvest time and determine the optimum harvest of planting Gentiana in Ludian traditional harvest period. The authors analyzed the variation in fresh weight, dry weight, dry discount rate, length, diameter, volume and the content of gentiopicroside, loganin acid, alcohol-soluble extract and total ash and made a comprehensive appraisal of yield, appearance quality and intrinsic quality by gray relational distance ideal Comprehensive Evaluation method. The results showed that there is a big difference in yield and quality both 2-year-old and 3-year-old Gentiana harvested in traditional harvest period and the comprehensive evaluation more better when harvested more later. It can be seen, Gentiana harvested the later had a better yield and quality in Ludian traditional harvest period. The harvest of Gentiana can be appropriate delayed depending on the particular circumstances of production.

Seeds of Bupleurum chinense cultivar, Zhongchai No. 1, were sowed in plastic pots which used the arable layer soil as the nursery bed and putted in the artificial climate incubator at various temperatures (15, 20, 25, 15-25 degrees C) and light (8,12 h) to germinate, respectively. The lower constant temperature (15 degrees ) and the higher constant temperature (25 "C) were not conducive to the sprouting characteristics of B. chinese. While they were able to enhance root activity to some extent; The seeding growth of B. chinese was significantly better in the variable temperature than correspondence in the constant temperature, significantly. The emergence speed, emergence index, vigor index and root activity of Bupleurum were improved under the 12 h of light-time, but the germination rate was not improved. The sprouting of Bupleurum's seeds could be improved to some extent by soaking with hormone, such as gibberellin, cytokinin, salicylic acid. Gibberellin promoted seeds' sprouting and seedings's root activity of Bupleurum, while salicylic acid increased the root activity of seeding. There is a significant influence of light, temperatures and hormone treatment on the germination of Zhongchai No. 1 seeds, and all three are remarkably interacted; It is beneficial to promote seed germination by the temperature (20 + 5) degrees C, lighting (8 h) and gibberellin concentration (10 x 10(-6)).

In order to select high quality and suitable Bupleuri Radix varieties in Qingchuan, and establish a new comprehensive method to evaluation the quality of Bupleuri Radix, 12 characters of 14 samples were evaluated by DTOPSIS and grey related degree. The results showed that varieties No. 8 and No. 10 had high quality. DTOPSIS and grey related degree gave the uniformity result, and the biggest difference of value of Ci in DTOPSIS method was 46. 33% , but the biggest difference of the weighting correlation number( r (i)) in grey related degree was only 13.10%. The DTOPSIS combined with grey related degree can evaluate the quality of Bupleuri Radix comprehensively and objectively.

In order to investigate the comprehensive quality differences of the seeds harvested in different growing time, and offer theoretical guide for the optimization of seeds' production technology, we analyzed the apparent size, 1 000-grain weight, water absorbency, germination indexes, postharvest embryo rate change, relatively contents of coumarins and the yield of single plant of its seeds of different harvesting time, and compared their comprehensive quality by Topsis analysis. The results showed that there existed obvious differences in yield and quality between seeds of 3 harvesting times. While the harvesting time postponed, the yield of single plant raised, and the shrunken seeds rate decreased, the quality of seedlings increased, while the contents of coumarins showed a steady increase, and the germination rate decreased. The comprehensive quality of the seeds harvested in the black ripe time rank the first place, followed by the brown ripe time and the yellow ripe time. As the harvesting time delays, the seeds' comprehensive quality increases, therefore, we could put off the seeds' harvesting time properly for the high efficient seed production.

To study the effects of spraying uniconazole on plant morphology and total alkaloid content of Aconitum carmichaeli for providing theory base for establishment of planting measure.The mainly morphological character and total alkaloid content of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata were studied under different uniconazole spraying time and density.Unieonazole could decrease plant height and leaf area, increase stem diameter, leaves and fibril roots, and the amount of dry matter. The difference in total alkaloid was not significant.In this experiment,Spraying uniconazole has no significant effect on total alkaloid content of Aconitum carmichaeli. It is better for increasing yield per plant to applied 120 mg/L unieonazole at sub-root enlargement stage than sub-root formation stage, and it is better to applied the same density at another stage for adjusting the plant morphology.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Fe, Zn, B and Mn fertilizer with different ratio on the yield and quality of Aconitum carmichaeli. METHOD Field experiment with the uniform design was applied, the yield and the contents of the total alkaloids and diester-alkaloids were measured. RESULT Fe, Zn, B and Mn fertilizer of appropriate ratio could promote the growth of vegetative organs, increase the biomass, the content of alkaloids and the yield of Aconite significantly. Fe, Zn fertilizer of highly concentrated ratio increased the proportion of first sub-roots, but inhibited the growth of other vegetative organs, the number of roots was less than that with other treatments, so it was not conducive to the formation of production. High concentration of Mn was not conducive to the growth of underground of Aconite, its number of sub-roots was fewer, but the number of third sub-roots was more than that with other treatments, the yield was low. The yield treated with low concentration of B was 10% higher than that with high concentration, and the high concentration of B was not conducive to increase the content of the alkaloids. Among these treatments, The fourth treatment was the optimal combination, of which the volume of sub-roots was the largest and the most homogeneous, the growth of the vegetative organs was better and the accumulation of dry matters was more, the yield of this treatment was 10,754.7 kg x hm(-2), which was increased by 14.9%, and the content of alkaloid was increased by 13.9%. CONCLUSION The ratio of 4 is the best treatment for high yield and quality cultivation of Aconite.

To study the effect of S-3307 on the yield and main ingredients of Alisma plantago-aquatica.The contents of 24-acetyl alisol A and the 23-acetyl alisol B in tuber were determined by HPLC.The contents of 24-acetyl alisol A and the 23-acetyl alisol B as well as yield were significantly increased in all groups applied with different concentrations of S-3307 comparing with control group. The optimal concentration of S-3307 was 80 mg x kg(-1). The residues of S-3307 was detected under 0.316 8 mg x kg(-1) (detecting limit).The optimal concentration of S-3307 is 80 mg x kg(-1), it reached the best result when applied 36 d after seedling.

To study the effects of S-3307 spraying time and density on photosynthetic characteristic of Ligusticum chuanxiong.The photosynthetic characteristic of L. chuanxiong under different S-3307 spraying time and density was studied by plot cultivation experiment.The content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in leaf increased when the spraying density was 20, 40, 80 mg x L(-1), while the net photosynthetic rate was the maximum. When the spraying density was 160 mg x L(-1), the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll as well as net photosynthetic rate were not increased.S-3307 spraying can raise the photosynthetic capacity of L. chuanxiong and promote the form of assimilation products.

To study the effect of cuttage time on growth of Lonicera japonica.Randomized block of single variable and determination of the selected samples.The growth of seeding influenced significantly by the cottage time. The experimental results in two years showed that the survival rate, the number of root, the root weight and root cap ratio that cuttaged on March 2 were better than those cuttaged at other time point.The first ten days of March is the best period for cuttaging L. japonica.

To establish chromatographic fingerprint of Sichuan native medicinal plant Alisma plantago-aquatica by RP-HPLC for the quality control.The gradient elution mode was applied in chromatographic separation, and data were analyzed by "Computer Aided Similarity Evaluation" software to compare the quality of A. plantago-aquatica samples from different habitats.The HPLC chromatographic fingerprinting of A. plantago-aquatica with 26 characteristic peaks was established from 17 lots of A. plantago-aquatica samples, peak 16 and 22 were identified as 24-acetyl alisol A and 23-acetyl alisol B, respectively.The chromatographic fingerprinting of A. plantago-aquatica with high specificity can be used to control its quality and assure lot to lot consistency. The RP-HPLC fingerprint method is repeatable, feasible in analysis of A. plantago-aquatica.

To study the absorption and accumulation of N, P and K in Ophiopgon japonicus.The contents of N, P, K and trace element were determined respectively by using the kjeldathl method digested with H2SO4 + H2O2, ammonium vanadstemolybdate chromoscopy, flame spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry.The contents of N and K were the highest, and that of P was relatively lower O. japonicus. The changing pattern of N was low-high-low in the growth and development period. The accumulative speed of N had two relatively quicker and two relatively slower phases. The content of N is higher in nutritive organs; The changing pattern of P was similar to that of N, while the content of P is higher in leaves and nutritive roots at early stage of growth and development. It was high in root tuber during harvesting stage, and the accumulative quantity in the plant was increased gradually. The level of K was high in early stage and low in later stage of growth. The content of K was relatively higher in leaves and nutritive roots at early stage, and that in root tuber was slightly lower than the leaves but higher than that the nutritive roots from February to March. The accumulating quantity slightly increased in the plant.The application quantity of N should be increased gradually after transplant, stopped in autumn, and used again in early spring. Phosphate fertilizer is needed in autumn and winter, while large amount of potassium fertilizer shoule be used in winter tine.

This study is focused on the effect of boron addition, in the range of 0.0007wt% to 0.03wt%, on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties of a directionally solidified superalloy. With increasing boron content in the as-cast alloys, there is an increase in the fraction of the γ′/γ eutectic and block borides precipitate around the γ′/γ eutectic. At a high boron content of 0.03wt%, there is precipitation of lamellar borides. Upon heat treatment, fine block borides tend to precipitate at grain boundaries with increasing boron content. Overall, the rupture life of the directionally solidified superalloy is significantly improved with the addition of nominal content of boron. However, the rupture life decreases when the boron content exceeds 0.03wt%.