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Hypertension is a significant risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) with high prevalence worldwide, the current treatment has multiple adverse effects and requires continuous administration. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have shown great potential in treating diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and hypertension. Butyric acid is a potential target in treating hypertension. Yet, the application of GLP-1 analogue and butyric acid in reducing blood pressure and reversing ventricular hypertrophy remains untapped. In this study, we combined the therapeutic capability of GLP-1 and butyric acid by transforming Clostridium butyricum (CB) with recombinant plasmid pMTL007 encoded with hGLP gene to construct the engineered probiotics Clostridium butyricum-pMTL007-GLP-1 (CB-GLP-1). We used spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR) models to evaluate the positive effect of this strain in treating hypertension. The results revealed that the intragastric administration of CB-GLP-1 had markedly reduced blood pressure and improved cardiac marker ACE2, AT2R, AT1R, ANP, BNP, β-MHC, α-SMA and activating AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K/4EBP1 signalling pathway. The high-throughput sequencing further demonstrated that CB-GLP-1 treatments significantly improved the dysbiosis in the SHR rats via downregulating the relative abundance of Porphyromonadaceae at the family level and upregulating Lactobacillus at the genus level. Hence, we concluded that the CB-GLP-1 greatly improves blood pressure and cardiomegaly by restoring the gut microbiome and reducing ventricular hypertrophy in rat models. This is the first time using engineered CB in treating hypertension, which provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of hypertension.

Dual-specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2) regulates the activation of members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, which is involved in a variety of cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. DUSP2 also regulates the expression of inflammatory mediators in macrophages; however, it remains unknown whether DUSP2 participates in macrophage migration. Here, using the tail fin injury model in zebrafish larvae, we found that the deletion of DUSP2 inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage chemokines. Moreover, live imaging results showed that the migration of macrophages to the injury site was inhibited after DUSP2 deletion. This inhibitory effect was mediated through the reduced activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) in DUSP2 knockout zebrafish.

Axon regeneration of central neurons is a complex process that is tightly regulated by multiple extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The expression levels of distinct genes are changed after central neural system (CNS) injury and affect axon regeneration. A previous study identified dusp2 as an upregulated gene in zebrafish with spinal cord injury. Here, we found that dual specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2) is a negative regulator of axon regeneration of the Mauthner cell (M-cell). DUSP2 is a phosphatase that mediates the dephosphorylation of JNK. In this study, we knocked out dusp2 by CRISPR/Cas9 and found that M-cell axons of dusp2

The caesium atomic fountain clock is a primary frequency standard. During its operation, a Majorana transition frequency shift will occur once a magnetic field at some special locations along the atomic trajectory is singular. In this study, by developing a physical model, we analyzed the magnetic field requirements for atomic adiabatic transition and calculated the influence of the Majorana atomic transition on the atomic state via a quantum method. Based on the simulation results for the magnetic field in the fountain clock, we applied the Monte Carlo method to simulate the relationship between the Majorana transition frequency shift and the magnetic field at the entrance of the magnetic shielding, as well as the initial atomic population. Measurement of the Majorana transition frequency shift was realized by state-selecting asymmetrically populated atoms. The relationship between the Majorana transition frequency shift and the axial magnetic field at the entrance of the magnetic shielding was obtained. The measured results were essentially consistent with the calculated results. Thus, the magnetic field at the entrance of the magnetic shielding was configured, and the Majorana transition frequency shift of the fountain clock was calculated to be 4.57 × 10−18.

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When patients need to be for infusion at home, there is no central control server in hospital, and it is not possible to add additional monitoring equipment; at the same time, there may not be a special person to care for patients. The infusion monitoring communication model of smart home based on coloured Petri net, which is proposed in this paper, can use smart mobile phone to construct an adaptive infusion monitoring system at home. The model can make infusion alarm module automatically search for smart mobile phone terminals in a WiFi network, complete the search, identification, monitoring and other functions. It will constitute a smart phone infusion monitoring network so that infusion online monitoring could effectively be completed at home without adding additional equipment. The simulation result shows that regardless of whether there is a packet loss, as long as there is a smart mobile phone terminal and the corresponding infusion alarm module in the network, the model can make the infusion alarm module to realize automatic search function and infusion monitoring function, and provide better medical service for the smart home.

Aiming at the problems of time delay of fusion center in multi-missile cooperative target detection system due to the different starting time of sensor measurement of each missile, a time registration algorithm based on modified gain extended Kalman filter (MGEKF) is introduced. In this algorithm, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is improved to carry out high-precision unbiased estimation of the target motion state, which is used for time compensation of the target motion state estimation of the missiles, and data fusion is conducted from the estimation registration of the missiles motion state to the fusion moment. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the system time registration error, improve the system time registration accuracy, and provide a good foundation for data fusion.

microRNAs (miRNAs) perform various oncogenic or tumor suppressor functions in carcinogenesis. Currently, the underlying mechanisms of miRNAs in osteosarcoma (OS) are poorly understood. In the present study, it is demonstrated that expression of miR-544 was markedly upregulated in OS cells and clinical tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-544 enhanced OS cell proliferation in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that miR-544 may target the 3'-untranslated region of axis formation inhibitor 2, which was validated using luciferase reporter gene assays. The present study demonstrated a vital role for miR-544 in promoting OS cell proliferation, indicating that it may represent a novel prognostic factor or therapeutic target for OS.

Objective To investigate the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of curcumin on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells and explore the mechanism. Methods OCI-LY7 cells were treated with curcumin (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μM) for 24, 48, or 72 hours. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining, respectively. MiR-28-5p expression was detected via qRT-PCR. The binding site of miR-28-5p was predicted using online databases and verified using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. MiR-28-5p overexpression and inhibition were achieved via transfection with an miR-28-5p mimic and inhibitor, respectively. Results Curcumin decreased the viability of OCI-LY7 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and these effects were attenuated by miR-28-5p inhibition. MiR-28-5p expression was upregulated by curcumin. Curcumin increased the numbers of apoptotic cells and upregulated cleaved caspase-3 expression, and these effects were attenuated by miR-28-5p inhibition. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-28-5p directly targets the 3′-untranslated region of BECN1. Curcumin downregulated BECN1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta-II/I expression and upregulated p62 expression. Conclusions Our results described the curcumin exerted anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on OCI-LY7 cells through a mechanism potentially involving miR-28-5p.

The aim of the study was to investigate possible effects of p57 on the growth of the human MCF-7 and rat SHZ-88 breast cancer cell lines. Specific oligonucleotide sequences containing small hairpin structure were inserted into a small interfering RNA (siRNA) expression vector. The human MCF-7 and rat SHZ-88 breast cancer cell lines were transfected with recombinant plasmids. The p57 gene expression was blocked in the human MCF-7 breast and rat SHZ-88 breast cancer cells, using chemically modified siRNA. The p57 expression level was evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence was conducted to detect p57 expression in the breast cancer cells. Tetrazolium blue (MTT) method was employed to detect the effect of p57 inhibition on the proliferation of the MCF-7 and SHZ-88 cell lines. Cell proliferation in the experimental group was significantly reduced. Immunofluorescence assay results showed p57 siRNA effectively inhibited the p57 level in the MCF-7 and SHZ-88 cells. RT-PCR results showed that 48 h after transfection, the p57 mRNA level in the transfected group was significantly lower compared with the control group. In conclusion, p57 effectively inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer after stable interference.

Non-thermal plasma technique can be used to degrade radioactive liquid waste involving Tributylphosphate (TBP) producing in nuclear fuel reprocessing. The dissociation reaction caused by the collision of electrons with neutral molecules can generate active radicals which play a central role in removing TBP. And the electron reacting with vapor to generate OH radicals is the key reaction in removing TBP. A model is derived from the Boltzmann equation and molecule collision theory to predicate the dissociation reaction rate coefficients. Upon comparing with available literature, the model is confirmed to be acceptably accurate in general. Reaction rate coefficients of vapor dissociation in non-thermal plasma are derived according to the Arrhenius formula.

The hydrophobic nanoparticle (HNP) adsorption is a new technique of drag reduction, which changes the wettability of the porous walls of the core, generates the slip-boundary of the fluid flow and consequently enhances the oil recovery. In the present work, a seepage model with consideration of the slip effect in the micro-channels and the influence of the equivalent pore radius modified by the HNP adsorption is proposed based on the Darcy's law. The permeability of the non-wetting phase in the porous media is calculated according to its dependence on the slip length, while the slip length is determined by a function of the contact angle and the equivalent pore radius. Numerical simulations are performed by use of the COMSOL multiphysics, and an acceptable agreement between experimental and simulation results is achieved (with an error less than 2.5%). The present model can then be used for the mechanism investigation and the prediction of the oilfield performance.

The slip model of micro channel in reservoir adsorbed by hydrophobic nanoparticles(HNPs) was established. The drag reduction characteristics were verified by the core slice adsorption experiment and core displacement experiment respectively. Results show that a compact HNPs adsorption layer can be built on the surfaces of the micro channel and the wettability of the surfaces can be changed from hydrophilic into strong hydrophobic. The slip lengths were calculated according to the slip model, the results show that the core surfaces can produce a slippage ranging from 6.7nm to 87.1nm, with an average of 43.3nm.

The aim of the study was to investigate possible effects of

The apparent slip between solid wall and liquid is studied by using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and the Shan-Chen multiphase model in this paper. With a no-slip bounce-back scheme applied to the interface, flow regimes under different wall wettabilities are investigated. Because of the wall wettability, liquid apparent slip is observed. Slip lengths for different wall wettabilities are found to collapse nearly onto a single curve as a function of the static contact angle, and thereby a relationship between apparent slip length and contact angle is suggested. Our results also show that the wall wettability leads to the formation of a low-density layer between solid wall and liquid, which produced apparent slip in the micro-scale.

Micro injection molding is widely used due to it’s high accuracy, high production efficiency, low cost and the ability to fabricate products with complex structures. For thin-wall and large area parts, it is difficult to fill the cavity with micro structure. The light guide plate is a typical product. In this paper, the filling process of the light guide plate (LGP) with micro structures on the surface is studied. And the warpage of the LGP is analyzed, which affects the optical performance remarkably. Orthogonal method is used to analyze the filling process and the wrapage. The most important factor that affects the filling process and the wrapage is the injection pressure. The levels of the different process parameters on filling process are injection pressure, melt temperature, mold temperature, injection speed and packing pressure. For warpage, the sequence of the effect is injection pressure, mold temperature, packing pressure, melt temperature and injection speed.

At present, most of cosmetic micro-needle in the market is made of biomedical stainless steels, but the processing technology is complicated and the piece-production cost is high. Micro injection molding technology can make the complicated polymer micro-needle in one cycle with the help of the rich experience accumulated in this area. And the method is suitable for mass production. This paper introduces the design of a new type of cosmetic micro-needle with polymer, its number simulation with injection molding software mold flow and the strength simulation.

The heat exchanger is widely used in energy engineering, chemical engineering etc. And with development of the MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems), many researchers are interested in the micro heat exchanger. In this paper, the micro plastic heat exchangers are manufactured by modified PPS. A heat exchanger with polypropylene (PP) is also made for comparison. Simulation and experiment are carried out to determine the thermal performance of the micro plastic heat exchangers. The experimental results are compared with that of simulation. The results show the performance of the micro plastic heat exchanger is very close to that of metal heat exchanger with the same dimension.

A calandria liquid distributor device was designed for horizontal falling film evaporation. The guide plate was introduced in this, which is easy to manufacture and can effectively reduce splash phenomenon. This paper studies the liquid distribution from the relation between distributive unwell-distributed coefficient and liquid flux of distributor tube and distributor hole. The result showed that the distributive unwell-distributed coefficient of in liquid distributor was decreased along with accretion of liquid flux, as apposed to homogeneous perforated. The unwell-distributed hole coefficient of distributor tube No.0 was increased along with accretion of flux, as apposed to distributor tube No.1 and distributor tube No.2.

In this paper, a new porous coating was formed directly on the surface of titanium metal via anodic oxidation. And by the SEM, the morphology of the coating, which is composed of well-ordered perpendicular nanotubes, was characterized. Moreover, taking deionized water as the test fluid, a visualization study of the coating on its pool boiling heat transfer performance was made. The results demonstrated that compared with the smooth surface, the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient can increase 3 times while the nucleate boiling super heat was reduced 30%.

A compact hydrophobic nanoparticles (HNPs) adsorption layer，which had miro- and nano- dual structural properties, can be built by adsorption of HNPs on core surfaces, and then the wettability of core surface can be change from hydrophilic into strong hydrophobic. Measurements validated that the maximum contact angle of HNPs adsorption surface was close to 150°. This method has a very good prospect for industrial application. The flow resistance can be significantly reduced when the water flow through the core micro-channel walls adsorbed HNPs. Core displacement experimental results show that the largest drag reduction rate can be up to 159%, and the average to 73.4%. The results have important significance to the studies of the HNPs drag reduction technology.

The dynamics of two-phase flows with a constant driving force inside a micro-channel is studied by using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and the Shan-Chen multiphase model in this article. Flow regimes under different wall wettabilities and over smooth and grooved geometric surfaces are investigated. It is found that flow behaviors are strongly affected by the wall wettability and topography. Our results show that the LBM is efficient and accurate, and has very good application prospect in the study of drag reduction of microscopic seepage of reservoir.

To bear more loads for heavy truck pistons, the shape of heavy truck piston pinhole is often designed as non-cylinder form. Current methods cannot meet the needs for precision machining on non-cylinder piston pinhole (NCPPH). A novel mechanism based on giant magnetostrictive materials (GMM) is presented. New models are established for the servo mechanism, GMM, and magnetizing force of the control solenoid to characterize the relationship between the control current of the solenoid and the displacement of the giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA). Experiments show that the novel mechanism can meet the needs to perform fine machining on NCPPH effectively.

Background Patients’ satisfaction has been considered as a crucial measurement of health care quality. Our objective was to develop a reliable and practical questionnaire for the assessment of in-patients’ satisfaction in Chinese people, and report the current situation of in-patients’ satisfaction in the central south area of China through a large-scale cross-sectional study. Design In order to generate the questionnaire, we reviewed previous studies, interviewed related people, held discussions, refined questionnaire items after the pilot study, and finally conducted a large cross-sectional survey to test the questionnaire. Setting This study was conducted in three A-level hospitals in the Hunan province, China. Results There were 6640 patients in this large-scale survey (another 695 patients in the pilot study). A factor analysis on the data from the pilot study generated four dimensions, namely, doctors’ care quality, nurses’ care quality, quality of the environment and facilities, and comprehensive quality. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for each dimension were above 0.7 and the inter-subscale correlation was between 0.72 and 0.83. The overall in-patient satisfaction rate was 89.6%. Conclusion The in-patient satisfaction questionnaire was proved to have optimal internal consistency, reliability, and validity.

A new series of 4-benzofuranyl- N -alkyl-1,8-naphthalimides was prepared from 4-ethynyl- N -alkyl-1,8-naphthalimides and substituted o -iodophenols catalyzed by a Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 /CuI system under mild conditions. The starting materials, 4-ethynyl- N -alkyl-1,8-naphthalimides, were synthesized with trimethylsilylacetylene by Sonogashira coupling reaction. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of these benzofuran-1,8-naphthalimides were recorded and the quantum yields were measured using quinine sulfate as the standard. The UV/vis absorption spectra were in the range of 380–400 nm and the emission spectra were in the range of 500–520 nm.

A series of novel N -alkyl-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives with phenylacetylene at the C-4 position were synthesized using 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalimides and arylacetylenes as starting materials in the presence of Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 /CuI under mild conditions. The absorption and fluorescence properties of these compounds were recorded and the quantum yields were measured in DMF solution using quinine sulphate as the standard. It was found that UV/vis absorption was in the range of 372–399 nm and fluorescence emission was between 428 and 531 nm. Substituent effects on absorption and fluorescence spectra are discussed.

A facile synthesis of styrylcoumarins based on Palladium-catalyzed reaction of coumarin diazonium salts with substituted styrenes is described. The reactions produced a series of 7-styrylcoumarins in good yields under mild conditions. The absorption and emission spectra of different styrylcoumarins were compared and discussed. Although the λ a,max of the styrylcoumarins changed only slightly with a p -substituted styrene, the λ e,max produced a blue shift which increased with the electron-withdrawing ability of the p -substituted group. The p -CH 3 of styrylcoumarin caused a red shift of ca. 20 nm and also a higher fluorescence quantum yield. Styrylcoumarins with o , p -CN obtained well-resolved vibrational bands and the latter possessed higher fluorescence quantum yield. In addition, a coumarin extended at both the 3-positions with benzene and 7-position with p-chlorostyrene had better fluorescence properties.

A series of substituted stilbenylcoumarins were synthesized. The absorption-emission spectra were studied and the fluorescence quantum yields were determined. The covalent rigidification of stilbenylcoumarins produces a considerable enhancement of the fluorescence quantum yield compared to the open-chain analogs. To 3-(4-substitutedstilben-4-yl)-7-diethylaminocoumarin, the fluorescence quantum yield increases with the enhancement of the electron-withdrawing ability of the group at the 4′-position. In addition, 4′-Cl makes the stilbenylcoumarin produce strong fluorescence.

Located at western portion of northern margin of North China craton, the Baotou–Bayan Obo district is one of the most important Fe–REE–Nb and Au metallogenic provinces in China. Presently, about 52 gold deposits and prospects have been discovered, explored and mined, among which Shibaqinhao, Laoyanghao, Houshihua, Saiyinwusu, Wulashan and Donghuofang are the most important ones. All these gold occurrences can be subdivided into three groups (or types) according to its host rocks: (1) hosted by Archean high-grade metamorphic rocks; (2) hosted by Proterozoic sedimentary rocks; (3) hosted by or related to Hercynian alkaline intrusive rocks. The first group contains the Shibaqinhao, Laoyanghao and Houshihua gold deposits. Gold mineralization at these three deposits occurs within Archean amphibolite, gneiss and granulite as gold-bearing quartz veins and veinlet groups containing native gold, electrum, pyrite and chalcopyrite. The Saiyinwusu deposit belongs to the second group, and occurs within Proterozoic sandstone, quartzite and carbonaceous slate as quartz veins and replacement bodies along the fracture zones. Pyrite, marcasite, arsenopyrite, native gold and electrum are identified. The third group includes the Wulashan, Donghuofang and Luchang deposits. Gold mineralization at these three deposits occurs predominantly within the Hercynian alkaline syenite or melagabbro stocks and dyke swarms or along their contacts with Archean metamorphic wall rocks as K-feldspar–quartz veins, dissemination and veinlets. Pyrite, galena, chalcopyrite, native gold and calaverite are major metallic minerals. δ34S value of sulfides (pyrite, galena and pyrrhotite) separates from groups 1 and 2 varies from −4.01‰ to −0.10‰ and −3.01‰ to 2.32‰, respectively. δ34S values of Archean and Proterozoic metamorphic wall rocks for groups 1 and 2 deposits range from −20.2‰ to −17.0‰ and −15.8‰ to −16.2‰, respectively. The values are much lower than their hosted gold deposits. All these pyrite separates from Hercynian alkaline intrusions associated with the gold deposits show positive δ34S values of 1.3‰ to 4.8‰, which is higher than those Precambrian metamorphic wall rocks and their hosted gold deposits. δ34S values of the sulfides (pyrite and galena) from the Donghuofang and Wulashan deposits (group 3) increase systematically from veins (−14.8‰ to −2.4‰) to the Hercynian alkaline igneous wall rocks (2.8‰ to 4.8 ‰). All of these deposits in groups 1, 2 and 3 show relatively radiogenic lead isotopic compositions compared to mantle or lower crust curves. Most lead isotope data of sulfides from the gold ores plot between the Hercynian alkaline intrusions and Precambrian metamorphic wall rocks. Data are interpreted as indicative of a mixing of lead from mantle-derived alkaline magma with lead from Precambrian metamorphic wall rocks. Isotopic age data, geological and geochemical evidence suggest that the ore fluids for the groups 1 and 2 deposits were generated during the emplacement of the Hercynian alkaline syenite and mafic intrusions. The Hercynian alkaline magma may provide heat, volatiles and metals for these groups 1 and 2 deposits. Evolved metamorphic fluids produced by the devolatilization, which circulated the wall rocks, were also progressively involved in the alkaline magmatic hydrothermal system, and may have dominate the ore fluids during late stage of ore-forming processes. Most of these gold deposits hosted by Archean high-grade metamorphic rocks occur at or near the intersections of the NE- and E–W-trending fracture systems. The ore fluid of the group 3 deposits may have resulted from the mixing of Hercynian alkaline magmatic fluids and evolved meteoric waters. The deposits are believed to be products of Hercynian alkaline igneous processes along deep-seated fault zones within Archean terrain.

The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of gene‑activated matrix (GAM) on autograft healing of the anterior cruciate ligament. Forty‑eight rabbits were randomly divided into groups A and B. Rabbits were used to construct models of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. In group A, transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β1 was locally injected into the bone tunnel, while in group B, empty vector was administered. Tendons were removed to observe histology and ultrastructure and to evaluate biomechanics at postoperative months 1, 3 and 6. Optical microscopy revealed increased numbers of fibroblasts and collagen fibers in group A at each time‑point compared with B. Electron microscopy identified increased mitosis and abundance of fibroblasts, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in group A at each time‑point compared with B. No significant difference was identified in the biomechanical parameters between the 2 groups at postoperative month 1. At postoperative months 3 and 6, maximum force and elastic modulus were greater in group A compared with group B (P

A large linear array with a horn will be equivalent to a planar array by the method of image charges, then the pattern, directivity, and other important parameters will be given in theoretical by the typical analysis method. These results is accordance with the liner array's HFSS simulation results and liner array's test results very well.

The botnet represents a growing threat to the network security and the variants that emerge endlessly. Although the known anomaly detection algorithms can detect the unknown botnet to some degree, the generalization and the accuracy of the models remain to be improved. Whereas in this paper we proposed a botnet anomaly detection structure based on multi-level classifier, the first level classifier proposes a new periodical communication detection method. Compared with spectrum analysis, the algorithm has a lower complexity and can make online and real-time detection of the botnet; the second level classifier establishes the decision tree using the statistical characteristics of the IP pairs of the periodical communication. The result of the experiment indicates that compared with the algorithms only adopting the periodical communication or that based on the flow statistical characteristics, the multi-level classifier model not only has the higher generalization but also the higher accuracy in detecting the unknown botnet.