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NOD-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome plays an important role in the innate immune response of human body. It can promote the activation of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinases(Caspases), further activate interleukin-18 and interleukin-1 β, and mediate pyroptosis. NlRP1 inflammasome plays a role in traumatic central nervous system injury. In this study, the structure of NLRP1 inflammasome, the activation of NLRP1 inflammasome in traumatic central nervous system injury and the treatment with NLRP1 inflammasome as a target are reviewed.

Objective To describe lower cranial nerve (CN) palsy following vertical overdistraction when performing occipitocervical fusion (OCF) to treat vertical atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) and basilar invagination (BI) and investigate its possible causes. Methods We report 4 cases with vertical AAD and BI who presented postoperatively with neurogenic dysphagia, dysarthria, and bucking after undergoing anatomic reduction. Results Patients underwent revision surgery to achieve partial reduction and demonstrated remarkable recovery of CN IX, X, and XI deficits. Conclusions Performing OCF in the overdistraction position to treat vertical AAD may caudally displace the brainstem relative to the cranial base, resulting in traction injury to the CN IX, X, and XI where they exit the skull base through the jugular foramen.

Background Thymic carcinoid with spinal metastasis is an extremely rare entity. Clinically, the tumor presents either by its endocrine manifestations or by mechanical compression of surrounding structures. However, no previously published case studies have reported neck pain and neurologic deficit in the initial presentation of an atypical thymic carcinoid. Case Description A 56-year-old man, a nonsmoker, presented with a 12-month history of intermittent neck pain and a 1-month history of progressive numbness and weakness of the right upper limb. Cervical MRI showed multiple abnormal signals and C2 soft-tissue mass intruding into the vertebral canal. Cervical CT scan showed multiple bone lesions. The diagnosis of thymic carcinoid was obtained by preoperative lymph node biopsy. The patient underwent cervical laminectomy and occipitocervical fixation. Significant alleviation of pain and neurologic improvement were achieved. The postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of thymic carcinoid. Conclusions Neck pain and neurologic deficit could be the first presentation of thymic carcinoid with spinal metastasis. Palliative surgery is an effective method to improve quality of life in patients with thymic carcinoid with spinal metastasis.

Aiming at the problem of low quality in image reconstruction of traditional image reconstruction algorithm of electromagnetic tomography(EMT), an EMT image reconstruction algorithm based on autoencoder neural network of Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is proposed. Firstly, the basic principles of EMT system and autoencoder neural network are analyzed. Autoencoder neural network is a deep learning model, which contains two parts: encoder and decoder. The encoding process of the encoder is equivalent to the object field detection process in the EMT system; the decoding process of the decoder is equivalent to the image reconstruction process. On this basis, an autoencoder neural network model is built. In this model, the RBM is used for layer by layer pre-training to obtain the initial weight and offset, and the global weight and offset are adjusted by BP algorithm. The parameter file generated in the trained autoencoder neural network is used to construct a decoder. Finally, the detected voltage value output by the EMT system is input into the decoder network to obtain the reconstructed image of the EMT. Furthermore, data with Gaussian noise and data regarding flow pattern not in training dataset are used to test the generalization ability and practicability of the network, respectively. The experimental results show that the method in this paper is a kind of EMT image reconstruction method with higher accuracy, which also provides a new means for EMT image reconstruction.

Background Although C1-C2 pedicle screw techniques have been extensively reported in pediatric series, reports on their use have examined only small series with short follow-up periods. The aim of this study was to report pediatric patients with atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation treated with these techniques with a minimum 5-year follow-up. Methods Retrospective review was performed of 27 pediatric patients with atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation who underwent C1-C2 pedicle screw fixation between 2004 and 2012. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were collected and compared with a control group. Results Follow-up period was 60–142 months (mean 84 months). Torticollis was completely corrected postoperatively in all but 1 patient. All patients experienced significant pain relief and improvement in range of motion, and 6 patients with neurologic deficits experienced significant improvement postoperatively. Both atlantodental interval and space available for the cord were significantly improved compared with preoperative values. At final follow-up, curvature was lordotic in 20 cases and straight in 7 cases. Compared with the control group, range of motion of the patient group was not significantly different in any direction except in flexion and rotation. Mean anteroposterior diameters of the spinal canal at C1 and C2 levels were not significantly different from the control group. Conclusions C1-C2 pedicle screw techniques are safe and effective for treatment of atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation and result in no obvious limitation on growth in older children.

Retinol-binding protein 4 (rbp4) is mainly synthesized in the liver, where it binds retinol and then enters the bloodstream, delivering retinol to cells. The full-length cDNA coding rbp4 was cloned from Megalobrama amblycephala. The amino acid sequence showed strong homology with the homologues of other vertebrates, and all structural and functional domains were highly conserved. The mRNA levels in different tissues and development stages detected by quantitative real-time PCR revealed that M. amblycephala rbp4 was highly expressed in liver (P G and -329C>T) were found in the promoter. Transfection with recombinant plasmids of two different haplotypes (GT, AC) showed that 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA) increased the promoter activity, but the AC haplotype was more sensitive to RA.

When multiple targets run through radar at the same time, the current traffic speed radars have more speed error. This paper presents an improved measuring method, provides a solution to improve time-frequency resolution. We can improve the speed resolution when adopting the algorithm proposed in the paper.

Take a case study of Shitan village in Yangjia Town, the saemaul planning would take living spaces of industry, residence, culture and entertainment, as well as transportation in a group. It’s different from the past pattern-which pays more attention to improve infrastructures-in the construction of new countryside. It’s a plan taking the special industry as a core and remolding the living space as the key. It’s a plan that combines machinating, planning and design in one. It will fully exploit local history and culture in order to portray the local unique culture characteristics. Meanwhile, The plan will take a serious consideration of the the saemaul current situation and development tendency in the design of transportation and construction.

In order to be able to real-time control over the related equipments of pneumatic transportation system and to prevent plugging from happening, here a method that uses an electrical capacitance tomography system and grey correlation analysis to identify two-phase flow patterns is proposed. Firstly, the concrete steps of two-phase flow patterns identification based on this method are expounded in detail. Then the simulation experiment has been finished to prove the validity of this method. The simulation experiment results have shown that this method has higher recognition precision and faster operation speed in the two-phase flow pattern identification. This method also provides an effective means for the two-phase flow pattern on-line identification.

Safe operation of transport system depends on right examination of their technical conditions and right operating measures thereof. The conventional methods based on magnetic test for steel-cord conveyor belt inspection have many limitations. So a new detection method which is based on both magnetic method and X-ray digital imaging technology is used. This paper introduces the key techniques and control scheme of the detection system. Five main steps, including self-diagnosis, hardware test, magnetic inspection, radiographic inspection and diagnosis, are discussed in detail. The system provides a preventive maintenance program which can achieve high precision for it uses image analysis techniques to process digital radiography images to identify gravity of defects.

The basic artificial bee colony algorithm gets local extremum easily and converges slowly in optimization problems of the multi-object function. In order to enhance the global search ability of basic artificial bee colony algorithm, an improved method of artificial bee colony algorithm is proposed in this paper. The basic idea of this method is as follows: On the basis of traditional artificial bee colony algorithm, the solution vectors that found by each bee colony are recombined after each iteration, then the solution vectors of combinations are evaluated again, thus the best result is found in this iteration. In this way the possibility of sticking at local extremum is reduced. Finally the simulation experiment has been finished. The simulation experiment results have shown that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective, it is better than basic artificial bee colony algorithm in the global search ability.

The roundness error is an important index of mechanical part and its interchangeability, it is the key to quality of product. A new method for calculating the roundness error based on artificial bee colony algorithm has been proposed in this paper. Artificial bee colony algorithm is an evolutionary computation. It has the character of simple technique, easy digital realization and few controlling parameters. Firstly, the basic principle of artificial bee colony algorithm is concisely introduced in this paper. The detailed steps for calculating the roundness error based on artificial bee colony algorithm have been described. Finally experiment results are given. These results have shown that the proposed method can correctly and effectively evaluate roundness error. The proposed method can overcome the local convergence in evaluation of roundness error based on least square method (LSM).

Hypoxia, a unique and essential environmental stress, evokes highly coordinated cellular responses, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1 in the hypoxia signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved cellular signaling pathway, acts as a master regulator of the transcriptional response to hypoxic stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a major class of posttranscriptional gene expression regulators, also play pivotal roles in orchestrating hypoxia-mediated cellular adaptations. Here, global miRNA expression profiling and quantitative real-time PCR indicated that the up-regulation of the miR-462/miR-731 cluster in zebrafish larvae is induced by hypoxia. It was further validated that miR-462 and miR-731 are up-regulated in a Hif-1α-mediated manner under hypoxia and specifically target ddx5 and ppm1da, respectively. Overexpression of miR-462 and miR-731 represses cell proliferation through blocking cell cycle progress of DNA replication, and induces apoptosis. In situ detection revealed that the miR-462/miR-731 cluster is highly expressed in a consistent and ubiquitous manner throughout the early developmental stages. Additionally, the transcripts become restricted to the notochord, pharyngeal arch, liver, and gut regions from postfertilization d 3 to 5. These data highlight a previously unidentified role of the miR-462/miR-731 cluster as a crucial signaling mediator for hypoxia-mediated cellular adaptations and provide some insights into the potential function of the cluster during embryonic development.

The paper presents a speech interface system that can access in-vehicle devices with in-vehicle networks. Through the interface, the driver can control the in-vehicle devices with voice commands and can obtain information from the devices in audio form. The system is designed as an in-vehicle network node. The structure, the command process strategy and the network interfaces of the system are introduced.

Water in buta-1,3-diene and associated solvents (such as raffinate oil) can be determined by gas chromatography at levels as low as 1 ppm. The method is mainly based on the excellent selectivity of the porous carbon beads TDX-02, the use of a micro-syringe for liquefied gas, and two criteria for accurate quantitative measurement.