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In this paper, an identification scheme for sandwich systems with a dead zone is proposed. In this scheme, a so-called combinational input is proposed to transform the sandwich model with a dead zone into a model with separated parameters. Then, the recursive general identification algorithm can be applied to the parameter-estimation, since the transformed model has a form that is linearized in coefficients. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the identification of an X–Y moving positioning stage. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici , is a destructive wheat disease pathogen. Thinopyrum elongatum is a valuable germplasm including diploid, tetraploid, and decaploid with plenty of biotic and abiotic resistance. In a previous study, we generated a stripe rust-resistant wheat-tetraploid Th. elongatum 1E/1D substitution line, K17-841-1. To further apply the wild germplasm for wheat breeding, we selected and obtained a new homozygous wheat-tetraploid Th. elongatum translocation line, T1BS⋅1EL, using genomic in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), oligo-FISH painting, and the wheat 55K single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array. The T1BS⋅1EL is highly resistant to stripe rust at the seedling and adult stages. Pedigree and molecular marker analyses revealed that the resistance gene was located on the chromosome arm 1EL of tetraploid Th . elongatum, tentatively named Yr1EL . In addition, we developed and validated 32 simple sequence repeat markers and two kompetitive allele-specific PCR assays that were specific to the tetraploid Th. elongatum chromosome arm 1EL to facilitate marker-assisted selection for alien 1EL stripe rust resistance breeding. This will help us explore and locate the stripe rust resistance gene mapping on the 1E chromosome and deploy it in the wheat breeding program., Competing Interests: The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.